1.1 Background of the Study - A study on the verbal behaviours showing the personality of Nora, the main character of Ibsen's A Doll's House - Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Repository

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

From the fourth semester until the seventh
students

of

They
Li tera.un;~

I

Liter-ature

III

credits).


the
are

English

Department

obliged to take

are

eight

credits), Literature

(2

semester,

credits


(2

I I

tauqht

cr-edits),

(2 credi.ts), and Literary Appreciation

The students are expected to

read

.-·,
"-

critically,


and appreciate poems, short stories,
and drama written in English

(

novels,

(Teachers' Training Faculty

of Widya Mandala Catholic University 1991:106).
Studying

literature

is not

only

interesting,


also useful to increase our knowledge. Roberts and
( 1'7'89: 2)

claim

that

and

Literature can help

intelectually.

cultural,

helps

to

religious


world of which we are a part.

grow
us

both

conne:·ct

beings in facing life reality.

ables

us to recoqnize what human dreams,

and

Literature


its readers'mind, knowledge, and insights

ht.tman

how

Jacobs

philosophical,

ourselves

broadens

the broader

It

us


but

In addition,

also
about

it

en-

struggles,

and

a character faces his or her dreams and struggles

different

places,


times, and conditions that

one

Literature has three classes: prose fiction,

in

would

poetry,

and drama (Roberts and Jacobs 1989:2). The writer
drama

as the topic of her thesis because

,-ead ing
(


du.e

to

its

efficiency.

chooses

drama is

According

worth
Little

to


"Dt-c;Hna is a subject to a time limit (sc;,y
196:.~;)'

hours)
thr~E·e

to which the novel is

not

two

restr.i.cted."

one can get lots of information even
than

t.ime
~·Jorti,


if one reads a novel. Besides, drama
bec.;;,use Df :i. ts

r·,~adinq

presents

characters

which

"content

are shown

is

quality".
in

also
Drama

dialogues

and

so tf1at drama has a dramatic characterization
which

others

do not have.

It has a quality

cd:.ti.tudes
J.'/78:T~;l)

in

to

action

in

d;?scribe
(Scholes

..

thJ.S
a

thesis,

the writer has
by

social.

chosen
Henrik

The

Ibsen.

consideration of choosinq this drama is based on the

fact.

that

that

when reading this drama,

the-,

the writer finds

out

theme beinq presented by Ibsen is closely related

to

human being's life and its problems. The lesson taken from
is

to

br-oaden

knowledge about Nora's life, especially in this modern era
ir1

which a woman can act as a mother, a career

woman

or

both.
This play is also interesting to the writer's opinion
d1...1.e

t.o

the fact that the writer has been studying

at

a

Teacher Training Department in which the writer is taught
to be a good teacher who should take care of her own life,
educate

herself, and later on be able to

educate

others

(the

students, her own children, etc).

life,

this play is a good example of how a woman finds out

Related to

own identity and idea which are of a great

daily

influence

to her life, her family and her social lite.
Henr·ik

Ibsen

is

one

of

the

master··s

of

the

realistically problematic plays in the nineteenth century.
He wrote a string of realistic dramas or sometimes
dramas that deal with the

social

the
(Robf.et-ts
Ibsen's
which

tr-oubled

individual, the family,

and

called

relationships
the

community

and Jacobs 1989: 14:3:8). A __QpJ_j_:_;_:;___l::!_g_L_,t_;;_;jQ_ is one
best plays written in 1879.

signifies

a true story in

It is a social

an

ordinary

situation

(King 1980:10). This idea is supported by Annas and
who state that social drama is

( 1''1'90: 1444)

reproduce

of

Rosen

attempted

as faithfully as possible the reality of

to

daily

life as it might appear to an observer.
To
analyzes

the

qF,t.
Nora's

personality

as the

writer·
by

main

studying her verbal behaviours or her dialoques toward the
other characters in the play. Smith (1964:89) states
per.. sun alit·/

explanation,

can

be

attained

through

the

that

author's

the character's speech and actions, or

other

characters'opinion

about

them.

also
F~ns-e

especially

in

early

Fu.rthermore,

st