A Comparative Study between Information Gap Activities and Role Play to Teach Speaking (An Experimental Research at the 8

  

A Comparative Study between Information Gap Activities and Role

Play to Teach Speaking

th

  

(An Experimental Research at the 8 Grade of Junior High School 3

Karanganyar in 2017/2018 Academic Year)

A THESIS

  

Ika Yunia Wardany

K2213031

Submitted to Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret

University as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of Obtaining the

  

Undergraduate Degree of Education

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

  

2017

  

ABSTRACT

Ika Yunia Wardany. K2213031.

A Comparative Study between Information Gap

  

Activities and Role Play to Teach Speaking (An Experimental Research at the

th

8 Grade of Junior High School 3 Karanganyar in 2017/2018 Academic Year).

  A Thesis, Surakarta: Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, November, 2017.

  This study was aimed to find out: (1) whether there is a significant difference in

speaking skill between students taught using Information Gap Activities and those

taught using Role Play; and (2) whether Information Gap Activities is more effective

than Role Play to teach speaking. The research method used in this research is an

experimental research design. This research was conducted at Junior High School 3

th

  Karanganyar in 2017/2018 Academic Year. The population of the research is the 8

grade students Junior High School 3 Karanganyar. The samples are class VIII I as

the experimental class which consists of 32 students and class VIII A as the control

class which consists of 32 students. The research instrument used to collect the data

in this study is test. The data were analysed by using t-test formula. The computation

of the t-test shows that t observation (t o ) = 6.6951 is higher than t table (62, 0.05) =

1.999. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a significant difference in

speaking skill between the students taught using Information Gap Activities and

those taught using Role Play. The mean score of experimental group is 71.37, while

the mean score of control group is 64.06. Therefore, it can be concluded that

Information Gap Activities is more effective than Role Play to teach speaking.

  Key words: Information Gap Activities, Role Play, Speaking Skill.

   Allah does not burden a soul beyond that it can bear (Al-Baqarah: 286)

  MOTTO

   Without dreams, we reach nothing; without love, we feel nothing; and without God, we are nothing (Mesut Özil

• – Arsenal Football Player) 

  Everybody has their own time zone. Just enjoy your own! (Ika Yunia Wardany)

DEDICATION

  This thesis is dedicated to: 1.

  Allah SWT 2. My beloved parents 3. My younger brother and sisters 4. My grandpa and grandma

  

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

  First of all, the writer praises Allah SWT for His blessing to the writer that she can finish this thesis successfully. This thesis cannot be done without the assistance and guidance from many people. Therefore, the writer would like to offer her sincere thanks to:

  1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University.

  2. Teguh Sarosa, S.S., M.Hum as The Head of English Department of Teacher Training and Education Faculty 3. Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd., the writer’s first consultant, for his guidance and critical corrections during his busy schedule to make this thesis better.

  4. Teguh Sarosa, S.S., M.Hum as the writer’s second consultant, for his guidance and advices.

  5. Dr. Abdul Asib, M.Pd the researcher’s academic consultant, for the motivation, kindness, and advice.

  6. Safrudin, S.Pd the Headmaster in Junior High School 3 Karanganyar, who has given the writer permission for conducting the research.

  7. Noer Poedji Hastoeti, S.Pd, the English Teacher in Junior High School 3 Karanganyar, for her sincerity in guiding the writer during the research. Thank you for the lesson.

  8. The English Education Department Lecturers for patiently giving valuable knowledge and experience for these years.

  9. The writer’s family, her beloved parents, for the prayers, supports, and patience.

  10. The writer’s best friends, Anis, Alice, Arum, Nimas and Nissa for being her second family.

  11. The writer’s best friends since Senior High School, Awal, Erna and Iyas.

  Thank you for always supporting.

  12. The writer’s best friends who are in the same consultant Anis, Indri, Laksita and Arum. Thank you for the prayers and support.

  13. The writer’s friends during the research, Rika, Iyas, Vera and Restu. Thank you for the help and companion.

  14. Mbak Gedis and Mas Indra, thank you so much for a lot of help that is given to the writer.

  15. The B Class of English Education Department 2013 for the togetherness and memories for more than 4 years.

  The writer is the one who is responsible of any errors that may remain in this work. Therefore, constructive feedback, comments, suggestions, and criticism are gratefully welcomed for the betterment of this thesis. The writer hopes this thesis will give some knowledge for the reader and can contribute for further research in the future.

  Surakarta, December 2017 Ika Yunia Wardany

  

TABLE OF CONTENTS

  Page TITLE OF THE RESEARCH .............................................................................. i PRONOUNCEMENT .......................................................................................... ii APPROVAL ......................................................................................................... iii LEGALIZATION OF EXAMINERS .................................................................. iv ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................... v MOTTO ............................................................................................................... vi DEDICATION ..................................................................................................... vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................... viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................................... x LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................... xiii LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................. xiv LIST OF APPENDICES ...................................................................................... xv

  CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A.

  1 Background of the Study ............................................................

  B.

  5 Problem Identification ................................................................

  C.

  6 Problem Limitation .....................................................................

  D.

  6 Problem Statements ....................................................................

  E.

  6 Objectives of the Study ..............................................................

  F.

  6 Benefit of the Study ....................................................................

  CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A.

  8 The Nature of Speaking ..............................................................

  1. Definition of Speaking …....................................................... 8 2.

  Macro and micro skills of Speaking ...................................... 9 3. Purpose of Speaking ............................................................. 12 4. Features of Speaking.............................................................. 12 B. Teaching Speaking ..................................................................... 13 1.

  Speaking in Language Teaching ........................................... 13 2. Testing Speaking .................................................................... 13

  C.

  The Notion of Information Gap Activities .................................. 16 1.

  The Definition of Information Gap Activities ....................... 16 2. The Procedure of Information Gap Activities ........................ 17 3. The Advantages of Information Gap Activities ..................... 19 4. The Disadvantages of Information Gap Activities ................ 20 D. The Notion of Role Play ............................................................. 21 1.

  The Definition of Role Play ................................................... 21 2. The Procedure of Role Play ................................................... 21 3. The Advantages of Role Play ................................................. 24 4. The Disadvantages of Role Play ............................................ 25 E. Review of Related Research ....................................................... 25 F. Rationale ..................................................................................... 27 G.

  Hypothesis of Research................................................................ 28

  CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A. The Place and Time of Research ................................................. 29 B. The Research Method ................................................................. 29 C. The Subject of the Research ....................................................... 31 1. Population ..............................................................................

  31 2. Sample .................................................................................... 31

  3. Sampling ................................................................................. 31 D.

  The Technique of Collecting Data .............................................. 32 1.

  The Instrument of Collecting Data ........................................ 32 E. The Techniques of Analyzing Data ............................................ 33 1.

  Descriptive Statistics .............................................................. 33 2. Normality Test ........................................................................ 35 3. Homogeneity Test .................................................................. 36 4. T-test ....................................................................................... 37 F. Statistical Hypothesis .................................................................. 38

CHAPTER IV THE RESULT OF THE STUDY A. Description of the Data ............................................................... 39 1. Pretest Score ........................................................................... 39 a. Experimental Group ........................................................... 39 b. Control Group ................................................................... 42 2. Posttest Scores ........................................................................ 44 a. Experimental Group ........................................................... 44 b. Control Group .................................................................... 47 B. Prerequisite Tests ........................................................................ 50 1. Pretest Scores ......................................................................... 50 a. Similarity of Two Classes .................................................. 50 b. The Result of Normality Test ............................................ 50 c. The Result of Homogeneity Test ....................................... 51 2. Posttest Scores ........................................................................ 52 a. The Result of Normality Test ............................................ 52 b. The Result of Homogeneity Test ....................................... 52 C. Hypothesis Testing ...................................................................... 53 1. The First Hypothesis ............................................................... 53 2. The Second Hypothesis .......................................................... 54 D. Discussion ................................................................................... 54 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion .................................................................................. 57 B. Implication .................................................................................. 57 C. Suggestion ................................................................................... 59 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...............................................................................................

  61 APPENDICES .....................................................................................................

  65

  

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Scoring Rubric for Speaking Test ........................................................ 15Table 3.1 The Schedule of the Research ................................................................ 29Table 3.2 Readability of the Instruction ................................................................. 32Table 4.1 The Frequency Distribution of Experimental Group Pretest Scores ...... 40Table 4.2 The Frequency Distribution of Control Group Pretest Scores ............... 43Table 4.3 The Frequency Distribution of Experimental Group Posttest Scores..... 45Table 4.4 The Frequency Distribution of Control Group Posttest Scores .............. 48Table 4.5 The Result of Normality Test for Experimental and Control Groups

  Pretest Scores ........................................................................................ 51

Table 4.6 The Result of Normality Test for Experimental and Control Groups

  Posttest Scores ........................................................................................ 52

  

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 4.1 The Histogram of the Data Distribution of Pretest Scores of the

  Experimental Group ...................................................................... 41

Figure 4.2 The Polygon of the Data Distribution of Pretest Scores of the

  Experimental Group ..................................................................... 41

Figure 4.3 The Histogram of the Data Distribution of Pretest Scores of the Control Group .........................................................................

  43 Figure 4.4 The Polygon of the Data Distribution of Pretest Scores of the Control Group ............................................................................... 44

Figure 4.5 The Histogram of the Data Distribution of Posttest Scores of the Experimental Group ................................................................ 46Figure 4.6 The Polygon of the Data Distribution of Posttest Scores of the

  Experimental Group ...................................................................... 46

Figure 4.7 The Histogram of the Data Distribution of Posttest Scores of the Control Group ......................................................................... 48Figure 4.8 The Polygon of the Data Distribution of Posttest Scores of the

  Control Group ............................................................................... 49

  LIST OF APPENDICES

  Appendix 1 Schedule of the Research ............................................................. 66

  th Appendix 2 Syllabus of the 8 Grade of Junior High School ...........................

  67 Appendix 3 Lesson Plan of the Experimental and the Control Group .............

  90 Appendix 4 Readability of Try-out Test ........................................................... 147 Appendix 5 Result of Readability of Speaking Test ......................................... 148 Appendix 6 Speaking Test Instruction .............................................................. 149 Appendix 7 Pretest Scores of Experimental and Control Groups .................... 150 Appendix 8 Descriptive Statistics of Pretest Scores of Experimental and Control Groups ..

  ……………………………………………....... 152 Appendix 9 Normality Test of Pretest of Experimental and Control Groups... 156 Appendix 10 Homogeneity Test of Pretest of Experimental and Control Groups 160 Appendix 11 Computation of t-test of Pretest of Experimental and Control

  Groups ........................................................................................... 163 Appendix 12 Posttest Scores of Experimental and Control Groups ................... 166 Appendix 13 Descriptive Statistics of Posttest Scores of Experimental and Control Groups ....................................................................... 168 Appendix 14 Normality Test of Posttest of Experimental and Control Groups . 172 Appendix 15 Homogeneity Test of Posttest of Experimental and Control Groups

  ........................................................................................................ 177 Appendix 16 Computation of t-test of Posttest of Experimental and Control

  Groups ........................................................................................... 180 Appendix 17

Students’ Worksheet ..................................................................... 183

  Appendix 18 Standard Normal Distribution Table ............................................. 191 Appendix 19 Lilliefors Table .............................................................................. 192 Appendix 20 Chi-square Distribution Table ....................................................... 193 Appendix 21 t-distribution Table ........................................................................ 194 Appendix 22 Photographs ................................................................................... 195 Appendix 23 Letter Conducting Research from School .................................... 197