THE TEACHING OF WRITING SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN 1 LAUNG TUHUP THESIS
THE TEACHING OF WRITING SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT THE
ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN 1 LAUNG TUHUP
THESIS Presented to the Department of Education of the State Islamic College of Palangka Raya in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan IslamBy RANDI AZWAR GULANA SRN. 0801120392
STATE ISLAMIC COLLEGE OF PALANGKA RAYA
DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
STUDY PROGRAM OF ENGLISH EDUCATION
1435 H/ 2014 M
APPROVAL OF THE THESIS ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Palangka Raya, March 2014 Approved by,
Advisor I,
Sabarun, M.Pd
ORN.196803222008011005 Advisor II,
M.Zaini Miftah, M.Pd
ORN.197509152009121002 Approved by,
Vice Director in Academic Affair ,
Drs. Fahmi, M.Pd
ORN.19196105201999031003 The Chair of the Department of Education,
Triwid S.N, M.Pd
ORN.197109142003122001 Title of the Thesis Name SRN Department Study Program Level
: : : : : :
THE TEACHING OF WRITING SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN 1 LAUNG TUHUP Randi Azwar Gulana 0801120392 Department of Education Study Program of English Education Strata 1 (S-1)
PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI
Palangka Raya, Maret 2014 Menyetujui,
Pembimbing I,
Sabarun, M.Pd
ORN.196803222008011005 Pembimbing II,
M.Zaini Miftah, M.Pd
ORN.197509152009121002 Menyetujui,
Wakil Ketua Bidang Akademik Dan Pengembangan Lembaga,
Drs.Fahmi, M.Pd
ORN.198012052006042003 Ketua Jurusan Tarbiyah,
Triwid Syafaratun Najah, M.Pd
ORN.197109142003122001 Judul Nama NIM Jurusan Program Studi Jenjang
: : : : : :
THE TEACHING OF WRITING SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN 1 LAUNG TUHUP Randi Azwar Gulana 0801120392 Tarbiyah Tadris Bahasa Inggris Strata 1 (S-1)
OFFICIAL NOTE
Case Examination of Randi Palangka Raya, March 2014
Azwar Gulana’s Thesis To. Director of the State Islamic College of Palangka Raya
in
Palangka Raya Peace is unto you and God’s mercy and blessing as well.
By reading and analyzing of thesis’s revision, we think that thesis in the name of:
Name : RANDI AZWAR GULANA SRN : 0801120392 Thesis Title : THE TEACHING OF WRITING SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT THE
ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN 1 LAUNG TUHUP Can be examined in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan Islam in English Education of the Department of Education STAIN Palangka Raya.
Thank you for you attention. Peace be with and God’s blessing.
Advisor I, Advisor II,
Sabarun, M.Pd M.Zaini Miftah, M.Pd
ORN.196803222008011005 ORN. 197509152009121002
NOTA DINAS
Hal Mohon diuji Skripsi Palangka Raya, Maret 2014
Saudara Randi Azwar Gulana
Yth. Kepada
Ketua ujian Skripsi STAIN Palangka Raya
- – di Palangka Raya
Assalamu alaikum Wr.Wb
Setelah membaca, memeriksa dan mengadakan perbaikan seperlunya, maka kami berpendapat bahwa skripsi saudara : Nama : RANDI AZWAR GULANA NIM : 0801120392 Judul : THE TEACHING OF WRITING SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT THE
ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN 1 LAUNG TUHUP Sudah dapat diujikan untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Pendidikan Islam.
Demikian atas perhatianya. Diucapkan terima kasih.
Wassalamu alaikum Wr.Wb.
Pembimbing I, Pembimbing II,
Sabarun, M.Pd M.Zaini Miftah, M.Pd
ORN.196803222008011005 ORN. 197509152009121002
LEGALIZATION OF THESIS EXAMINATION
This thesis entitled THE TEACHING OF WRITING SHORT FUNCTIONAL
TEXT AT ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN 1 LAUNG TUHUP in
the name of Randi Azwar Gulana, and his Students Registration Number is 080112 0392. It has been examined in the boards of examiners of the State Islamic College of Palangka Raya on: Day : Wednesday Date : Dzulqaidah 22, 1435 H/ April 23, 2014 M.
Palangka Raya, April 23, 2014 Board of Examiners:
1. Santi Erliana, M.Pd ( ) Chairman/Member
2. Rahmadi Nirwanto, M.Pd ( ) Member
3. Sabarun,M.Pd ( ) Member
4. M.Zaini Miftah, M.Pd ( ) Secretary/Member
The State Islamic College of Palangka Raya Director,
Dr.Ibnu Elmi.A.S.Pelu,S.H, M.H ORN.197501091999031002
THE TEACHING OF WRITING SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT THE ELEVENTH
GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN 1 LAUNG TUHUP
ABTRACT
Teaching English where writing as the skill that will be explored makes such instructional process have its own challenge for the English teacher. Hence, the writer conducted study on teaching of writing short functional text which almost to be the material for senior high school level, especially eleventh grade level. The objective of study was description of teaching of writing from the teacher who taught writing short functional text. The problems of study were :1). How is the teacher’s readiness before teaching of writing short functional text? 2). How is the teaching procedure in teaching of writing short functional text in context of Pre-teaching, whilst teaching, and post teaching? 3). What are media used by the teacher on teaching of writing short functional text? 4)
. How does the teacher evaluate the students’ writing in writing short functional text? 5). How is the language teaching quality on teaching of writing short functional text at the eleventh grade students of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup?.
The study was descriptive study with qualitative approach. It means the data were collected from observation (Observation Guideline and Observation Checklist), Interview, Documentation, and Field Note. The sample of study was Purposive Sample where the English teacher who taught writing short functional text at the eleventh grade students of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup . On Data validity stage was used Credibility, Transferability, Dependability, and Conformability test.
The study result showed that: 1). the teacher readiness consisted of preparing the lesson plan, material and the text. 2). The teaching procedure is Three Phase Technique, such as Pre Teaching, Whilst Teaching, and Post Teaching. The techniques were used on Pre-Teaching stage were Brainstorming and Grouping, on Whilst Teaching stage used Read aloud and write, Demonstration, and Drill, on Post Teaching used Wrap-Up. 3). The media were used during teaching of writing short functional text consisted of Handout, picture, Realia media, paper, and magazine. 4). The evaluation on students’ ability in writing using Product Assessment approach and Scoring guide. 5). The language teaching quality which applied by the teacher based on the observation checklist from H.D Brown resulted Good Enough Language Teaching Quality level. Keyword: Teaching, Procedure, Technique, and Evaluation.
PENGAJARAN MENULIS TEKS FUNGSIONAL PENDEK PADA KELAS SEBELAS
SEBELAS DI MADRASAH ALIYAH NEGERI 1 LAUNG TUHUP
ABSTRAK
Pembelajaran Bahasa Inggris dengan Menulis yang menjadi skill yang diajarkan menjadikan pembelajaran writing menjadi tantangan tersendiri bagi guru yang bersangkutan. Oleh karena itu, penulis telah mengadakan penelitian pada pengajaran Menulis short functional text yang menjadi materi hampir pada semua kelas terutama kelas sebelas sekolah menengah atas. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskripsi pengajaran menulis dari guru yang mengajar menulis short functional text. Permasalahan penelitian ini berkisar pada 1). Bagaimana Kesiapan guru sebelum mengajar menulis short functional text? 2). Bagaimana prosedur pengajaran menulis short functional text pada konteks Pre-Teaching, Whilst Teaching dan Post Teaching? 3). Media apa yang dipergunakan pada pengajaran short functional text? 4). Bagaimana evaluasi terhadap hasil penulisan siswa dalam menulis short functional text? dan 5). Bagaimana Kualitas Pengajaran Bahasa (The Language Teaching Quality) pada pengajaran short functional text pada siswa kelas sebelas di Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 1 Laung Tuhup?.
Jenis penelitian adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Artinya data yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini berasal dari instrumen seperti Observasi (Observation Guideline dan Observation Checklist), Wawancara, Dokumentasi dan Catatan Lapangan (Field Note). Sampel pada penelitian ini diambil dengan jenis Purposive Sample yaitu guru Bahasa Inggris yang mengajar penulisan Short Functional Text siswa kelas sebelas MAN 1 Laung Tuhup. Pada tahap pengabsahan data digunakan credibility, transferability, dependability, dan confirmability.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan: 1). Kesiapan guru sebelum mengajar menulis adalah mempersiapkan RPP, bahan ajar, dan text yang diajarkan. 2). Prosedur yang digunakan adalah Three Phase Technique, yaitu Pre-Teaching, Whilst Teaching, dan Post Teaching. Pada tahap Pre-Teaching teknik yang digunakan adalah Brainstorming dan Grouping, Whilst Teaching menggunakan Membaca Nyaring dan Tulis, Demonstrasi, dan Latihan. Dan pada Post Teaching teknik yang digunakan adalah Wrap-Up. 3). Media yang digunakan selama pengajaran menulis teks pendek adalah Handout, Gambar, Realia Media, Kertas, dan Majalah. 4). Evaluasi terhadap kemampuan menulis siswa menggunakan pendekatan Evaluasi Produk dan Scoring guide. 5). Berdasarkan observation checklist H.D Brown, kualitas pengajaran bahasa Inggris yang diterapkan oleh guru yang bersangkutan berada pada tingkat kualitas pengajaran bahasa yang cukup bagus. Kata Kunci : Pengajaran, Prosedur, Teknik, dan Evaluasi.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer gives high grateful for Allah SWT. The writer would like to give her greatest grateful to:
1. Dr. Ibnu Elmi A.S. Pelu, S.H., M.H., as the Director of STAIN Palangka Raya for his direction and permission of conducting this thesis;
2. Triwid S.N, M.Pd. as the Chair of the Department of Education for her permission so that the writer can accomplish the requirements for composing this thesis.
3. Santi Erliana, M.Pd, as the Coordinator of the English Education Study Program for her permission so that the writer can accomplish the requirements for composing this thesis.
4. Sabarun. M.Pd, as the first advisor for the guidance, encouragement, and suggestions during composing this thesis. He is also the wri ter’s Academic Advisor that always provides his time until the writer could finish his study.
5. M.Zaini Miftah.M.Pd, as the second advisor, for the guidance, suggestion, challenge, and time so that the writer could finish the study.
6. Halimah, M.Pd as the inspiration, you are the only one that gives me revelation on learning English.
7. Nurul Wahdah, M.Pd as the Arabic lecture and the Chief of Language Development who help me in many things during the study.
8. Drs. Lahmudin as the headmaster of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup who gives me permission and direction to conduct study on the school.
9. Radiansyah.S.Pd as the English Teacher of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup. He provides his time, source and effort for the writer during the study so that the study could be finished.
10. All of the teacher in MAN 1 Laung Tuhup who treats the writer like family, so the writer feels like in home during the study was conducted till finished.
11. Nature and Social students of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup in academic year 2013/2014 for their helping to finish this study.
12. All teaching staffs of the English Study Program for their valuable knowledge.
Furthermore, the writer also expresses his thanks for beloved Mother and Father, all family and all friends who always giving support, pray and suggest in accomplishing this study. The last special thanks to his friends of TBI 2008 for their support.
The writer realized that the study is still far from the perfect, therefore some constructive critical and suggestions are welcomed. Finally, may Allah always bless us.
Palangka Raya, March 2014
Randi Azwar Gulana SRN.080 112 0392
DECLARATION OF AUTHENTICATION
In the name of Allah I myself make declaration that this thesis entitles THE TEACHING OF
WRITING SHORT FUNCTIONAL TEXT AT THE ELEVENTH GRADE STUDENTS OF MAN 1 LAUNG TUHUP is truly my own writing. If it is not my own writing so, it is given a citation and shown in the list of references.
If my own declaration is not right in this thesis one day so, I am ready to be given academic sanction namely, the cancellation of the degree of this thesis.
Palangka Raya, March 2014 My Own Declaration
RANDI AZWAR GULANA
SRN.0801120392 Dedication This thesis is dedicated to some special people as follows:
My beloved Parents ( Supriadi and Siti Zubaidah ) for their biggest pray,
affections, love and care that always accompany my life.
My Uncle Muhajirin and Mariadi,S.E, who always give support, affection and
pray till this thesis finished.
My Brothers and Sisters, Hendra Minata, Gazali Rahman, Rudi S, and Emilia
M. for their sincere support, pray, and motivation.
My Little brothers and sisters, M.Ikbal, M.Hakim Sanjaya, Windia S.A.L,
Rantika A.S that give me motivation and support.
My beloved ones Siti Raudah and M.Farezky.A, who stand beside me with
uncountable support and pray.
My Advisors, Mr.Sabarun.M.Pd, and M.Zaini Miftah.M.Pd with their guidance,
advise, encouragement, and time during this study.
The headmaster and all the teachers of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup with their support
and help during this study to be like in home.
All the students of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup, especially the Nature and Social Class
with their corporation and enthusiasm during this study.
My best friends such as Depi, Faizal Rahman, Eka Puspita Sari, Nurul Arifin,
and Purnama Sari with their valuable support and motivation during this study.
My best friends in TBI 2008, Fahrudin, Rahmat Nur Seto, A.Rajib, J.Anhar,
Aris Fatih, W.Amri K, Amirudin Assiddiqie, Saidi Rahman, Haris Padilah, M.Rezeky, Edi Saputra, Yusli, Herlina, Hervina, Anis, Rabiatul.A, Siti Nurvia,Indah, and Ani Fatridha All of my friends in the struggle TBI ’08 and big family of English Students.
I wish the best for all you and may Allah bless us.Amin
MOTTO
“Can he who was dead, to whom We gave life, and a light whereby he
can walk amongst men, be like him who is in the depths of darkness,
from which he never come out. Thus to those without faith their own
deeds seem pleasing” . ( Q.S: Al-An’am:122 )“Everything you chase and going to do are hard, but nothing is
impossible
Set up you dream, do your best, and see how you will in the future be.”
(Randi Azwar G).
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A.
1 Background of Study .......................................................
B.
8 Problem of the Study .......................................................
C.
9 Objective of the Study .....................................................
D.
9 Significances of the Study ...............................................
E.
10 Scope of the Study ...........................................................
F.
10 Definition of Key Terms ..................................................
G.
11 Theoretical Framework ....................................................
CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE A.
13 Related Study ...................................................................
B.
14 The Nature of Writing ......................................................
C.
16 The Process of Writing ....................................................
1.
16 Pre-Writing ................................................................
a.
16 Generating Ideas .................................................. 1)
16 Listing ............................................................ 2)
17 Brainstorming ................................................ 3)
17 Free Writing ................................................... 4)
17 WH-Question ................................................. 5)
17 Clustering .......................................................
b.
17 Planning ...............................................................
2.
18 Drafting ......................................................................
3.
18 Revising .....................................................................
4.
18 Editing ........................................................................
5.
19 Publishing ..................................................................
D.
19 Planning Teaching Learning in English ...........................
1.
19 Pre Planning ...............................................................
a.
20 Activities ..............................................................
b.
20 Skills ....................................................................
c.
21 Language ..............................................................
d.
21 Contents ...............................................................
2.
21 Lesson Planning .........................................................
3.
22 The Lesson Plan Elements and Formats ....................
a.
22 Goal ......................................................................
b.
23 Objectives ............................................................
c.
23 Materials and Equipments....................................
d.
23 Procedures ............................................................
e.
23 Evaluations ...........................................................
f.
49 1. Observation ................................................................
42 2. The Nature of Descriptive Research ..........................
43 CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD A.
Research Type ..................................................................
46 B. Research Design...............................................................
46 C. Subject of the Study .........................................................
47 D. Role of the Researcher .....................................................
48 E. Research Site ....................................................................
49 F. Source of Data..................................................................
50 2. Interview ....................................................................
42 K. Descriptive Research .......................................................
50 3. Documentation ...........................................................
52 4. Field Note...................................................................
53 G. The Data Collection Procedures ......................................
54 H. Data Validation ................................................................
55 1. Credibility Test ..........................................................
55 a. Trianggulation ......................................................
56 b. Membercheck .......................................................
56 c. Peer Debriefing ....................................................
56 2. Transferbility Test ......................................................
42 1. The Nature of Research .............................................
41 4. Personal Qualities ......................................................
Extra-Class Work .................................................
29 1. Kinds of Short Functional Text..................................
24 4. Procedures in Teaching of Writing ............................
24 E. Media and Materials in Teaching Writing .......................
25 1. Authentic Listening/Viewing Materials .....................
25 2. Authentic Visual Materials ........................................
26 3. Authentic Printed Materials .......................................
26 4. Realia Used in EFL/ESL Classroom..........................
26 F. Teaching Writing at Madrasah Aliyah .............................
27 G. The Problem in Teaching Writing ...................................
28 H. Short Functional Text ......................................................
29 a. Advertisement ......................................................
40 3. Interpersonal Skills ....................................................
29 b. Brochure ...............................................................
30 c. Tips ......................................................................
31 2. Teaching How to Write Short Functional Text..........
32 I. Writing Assessments ........................................................
35 1. Process Assessment ...................................................
35 2. Product Assessment ...................................................
36 J. Good Language Teaching ................................................
40 1. Technical Knowledge ................................................
40 2. Pedagogical Skills ......................................................
57
3. Dependability Test .....................................................
70 4. The Assessment on Students’ Writing of Short
90 REFERENCES
88 B. Suggestion .........................................................................
81 CHAPTER V CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusion ........................................................................
76 B. Discussion ........................................................................
Short Functional Text at the Eleventh Grade Students of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup .............................................
72 5. The Language Teaching Quality in Teaching Writing
Functional Text at the Eleventh Grade Students of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup .............................................
Text at Eleventh Grade Students of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup ..............................................................
57 4. Confirmability Test ....................................................
65 3. The Media in Teaching Writing Short Functional
Short Functional Text at Eleventh Grade Students of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup ............................................
62 2. The Teaching Procedures in Teaching Writing
Short Functional Text at Eleventh Grade Students of MAN 1 Laung Tuhup .............................................
62 1. The Teacher’s Preparation in Teaching Writing
57 CHAPTER IV RESULT OF STUDY AND DISCUSSION A. Result of the Study ...........................................................
57 I. Data Analysis ...................................................................
APPENDICES
LIST OF TABLES
74
4.11 Scoring Conversion ………………………………………..
79
4.10 Observation Checklist Result on Social Class Program …....
77
4.9 Observation Checklist Result on Science Class Program …..
75
4.8 The Social Program Class Score …………………………....
75
4.7 The Nature Program Class Score ………………………….
4.6 Sco ring Guide………………………………………………
Table Page
73
4.5 Assessment in Teaching Writing …………………………...
71
4.4 Media in Teaching Writing …………………………………
69
4.3 The Teaching Writing Procedures…………………………
67
4.2 Observati on Schedule……………………………………...
65
4.1 Teacher’s Preparation on Teaching Writing……………….
81
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page
3.1 Data Analysis Miles and Huberman Model……………………... 63
4.1 Englis h Schedule………………………………………………… 66
LIST OF ABREVATIONS AND SYMBOL
MAN is Madrasah Aliyah Negeri EFL is English as Foreign Language ESL is English as Second Language BSNP is Badan Standar Nasional Pusat KKM is Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal
5W+1H is What, Who, Where, When, Why, and How OCs is Observer Comments
LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix
Page 1. The Schedule of Study 2.
The Study Guideline 94 3.
Research Instrument for Data Collection a.
Interview Transcript b.
Observation Result c. Observation Checklist Result d.
Documentation e. Field Note
103 105 112 116 120 4.
The Score of Students 118 5.
Syllabus and Lesson Plan 6. Letters 7. Curriculum Vitae
126