BASIC LISTENING MODUL 2 EDIT

BASIC LISTENING

MODUL (2)

By

J

Leni Marlina, S.S., M.A
Dra. Aryuliva Adnan, M.Pd
Dr. Rusdi Noor Rosa, M.Hum
M. Affandi Arianto, M.Pd

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ENGLISH DEPARTMENTS
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
UNIVERSITAS NEGERI PADANG
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
(FOR TEACHERS ONLY)

TOEIC Skills.....

..

.....

1

Mini - Test for TOEIC Listening Comprehension

75

Answer Key ......

....84.1

Mini Test for New TOEIC Listening Comprehension

.86

.

Answer Kev

......91.1

TOEIC Model Test I fty Lougheed)

...92

Answer Key

....1 04. r

TOEIC Model Test 2 (by Lougheed) .......

... 105

Answer Key

ll7.l

Steps for Analyzing Photos

(Skiil I TOEfC)

l l8

Answer Key

. 153.

Summary of TOEIC Skills

...15.1

Extra Exercises: Essentials Words for The Listening TOEIC

163

ll3

TOEIC Model Test .. .. . .
Answer Key
Practice Test One (Practice

I

.322.1

Test One by Lougheed)

323

Anss sr Kc;

335.8

Practice Test Two (Practice Test One by Richardson and Perers)

Ansrver Key
Practice Test Three (TOEIC Practice Exam

.3

36

3s2.t3

I by Lougheed)

.......

Answer Key
Practice Test Four (TOEIC Practice Eraur 2 by- Lougheed) .-.......

353

362.t
361

Answer Key .............
Practice Test Five (New TOEIC Practice Exam A by Lougheed)

Answer key
References

372.1

373
.........3 82.1

6

sTEps FoR ANATYZ!NG PHOTOS (SKtrL tTOE|C):

Loughed, Lin. 2007.

"

Listening Comprehension
Practice: Photos". Longmon preparotion Series for the
New TOEIC Test: Advonced Course. 4th Edition. New
York: Pearson Education, lnc. pp. 2-38.

Panr

1:

PHoros

LISTENING IESI

ln the Lrstenrng leSl, vou !vill be asked to demonstrate ho../ $/ell you understand spoker.t Englrsh Tha
entire Lrslenlng test wrll last approxinlatelv 45 mrnules There are four parts, and directrors are giver,
for each parl. You must rnark Vour answers on the separale answer sheet. Do nol y./flte ycur answers
in the tesl book.
PART I

ave

nd.
'our

Directions: For each queslron in this part, you will hear four slatemenls about a picture in your tesl
book. when you hear the stalemenls, you musl select the one statement that best describes whal
you see in the piclure. Then find the number of ihe question on your answer sheet and mark your
answer. The statements will not be printed in your tesl book and wilt be spoken only one time.
Example
Sample Answer
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(D

D

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Statement (C), "They're standing near the table," is the best description of lhe piclure, so you

should select answer (C) and mark il on your answer sheet.

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STRATEGIES
LLrok at the pictrrre arlr'{ trlr vtrtrrseri rlui.kl\ irrr.rt is represented. i\,[a
kL: ir;, .] \,.nt( nrr
th.rt srrnrrnarizr' rvhat,,olr s.. fhtrr lr'tCn i,, tlr. i,irrr :t.rtemt.nt: r )n, ,rr 1,,
. t.l ic rllun ts rt i l l pr obab l r l,t, r lesl trr tlt., st,rr icrr,_,., i..,.111
lta(le Ltp
.i- r, '11 li-1. 11 t,, tlt(,.1,)1, l)r,.nt. rl, rr.,t I,r,1,r1q;11.s.1 [1
L 1l
'} '['resf '()rrrr'rr{)rr tr'rlr\
r\ ()rds t'.t s()u.!r srrrr,rr r,, ,.,,rJ., ,, ,;";i,.;:;
rvords that are in thr phot() Lrut art rrserl in.t different colttL.xt
\vords tllat are rclated to the ph61e but are not in thc
photo
COMMON TBAP: SIMILAR SOUNDS
iVlarrv

rlords sourld alike but mean different things.

Be especialll, carefrrl of rtorels that
change their meaning and pronunciation by changingjust one
Ietter or souncl.
She is coming today.
SIMILAR SOUNDS
She is coming fo play
today / to play
He is coming today.
She/He
He is going our way.
is coming to play/is going our way
He uas going to stay.
is going our way/was going to stay

COMMON TRAP: PBEPOSTTIONS
Prepositions are difficult in both written and spoken Engrish. when
you examine a
photo, you should try to associate the nouns you see in the picture
with an appropriate
response of place (on, at, und.er, aear, by, beside, etc_|.
INCORRECT
[The custcmer is Desrde the ticket agent.]
[The woman is ott top of the desk.]
[The airplane ticket is in the woman,s bag.]

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CORRECT
The ticket agent is behind the corrnter.
The woman is holding a ticket in her hand
The customer is ia front of the counter.

4

LTSTENTNG coMpREHENStoN pn ACTICE

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COMMON TRAP: WORDS IN A DIFFERENT CoNTEXT
{,r(ls h.r. c.liflcr.'ll i rrreaning:. tli;-,,.,ltlrrrg,,ir h()ir ilr! \ .r: .r ,,Ll j]rr-,..,.,rrl i,,,-r
rrla\ aPPr,.rr \! ith iii't' .11111 '11r1,1.1..r ()r l\ illr ,,ir5 ),l.tkt, SLrr, il-r.,r,,,1,1 ri. ll-ri .ui)!\r-.r i ,
cho()sc h.t5 the.lfrprL)pn.ttc llc(tnin{ \irrr rtrrglrt llt.Jrong r.t,r.l iri,j.lari,-.il)qnt ()r
(luestii)n brrt nt,t underst.tnrl th.rt rvrrttl irr tlrt:rtrr.rtiOn qi,,t,rr.
'Ihc
chair tlid not attend tlrt mct,trnli
The motinn lras tabled
' She needs some rtriting paper.
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The r'ords in these statements may be interpretecl (or mrsinterprered)

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folor's:

The chair did not attend the nteeting.
chair head of a committee, chairperson
chair a piece of furniture

meeting an organized conference
meeting a chance encounter

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The motion was tabled.

tfiotion
motion

a

table
table

a piece

a

policy recommendation
movement

postpone until later
of fumiture

writ:ng paper.
something to write on
something to read, a newspaper

She needs some

paper
paper

LISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACTICE

5

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EXERCISE 1: STEPS FOR ANATYZING PHOTOS
The steps bclttrr, rvill hcl1. 1,11, dc\el(rl- fhrskill-cr.11u r.reCtl t(r,1t.rl\ z(,[.lrr)t,,. IIr.rr.|,JrIr.L,
to the phot()s in tho borrk \ ( ju can pritctiac rlith photirs irrrtr.r nt,rq-z p,,. ,11(-j 11,,1\.str,tl),,r.
as r..ell as photos trorn \ ()ur r)\\'n ptrsonal collection.l he mr.rrc lretlr.rt,ntlr \ (11 try l(,

allalvze photos trsin6i thc'se set'etr steps, lhe more \roLr rr'ilI improve \otrr r eaatrrrl.rrr
observa tion skills

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Step 1: Examine thrs pltoto

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step 2: write down what you see in the photo. Here aie some examples. Can you think
of others?
NOUNS
tab!e

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bulletin board

hair

nose

cuPs

tie
shirt

70all

hand

mouth

petl

saucerS

blouse

wind.ou

head

eye

reports

jackct

utatch

arm

chair

paper
bricfcasc

plant

+

6

LISTENING COMPREHE.ISION PB-ACTICE

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Step 3: \!rrte Ll,r\r'r.t j,rnl(,.tctions th at nlicht L,r,takrng
crantples ( .rn i lu tltrrrk of otl.rersl

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VERBS

talk

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step 4: write dorvn the locations of the people or thi.gs.
Here arc somt, cxamples.
you think of others?

ca.

LOCATIONS
The cha rt is on the bulletin board.
Two tne n d re betueerl tuo uo me fl
The

winil ows are behirul

o ne man is standin

the
ple.
the table.

step 5: write down some statements about the photo that
you know are true. Here are
some examples. Can you think of others?
FACTS

Four

le are

sittin tlown

o ne man is staruli;

u

There are cups on the tabie.
The re is t bulletin boa rd on the wall
Th ere a re th ree m en a nd tuo toomen n the

step 5: write down some stat:ments about the photo
that you think might be true. Here
are some examples. Can you think of others?
INTERPR ETATIONS

I

Th are hauin d meetin
They are rearcwin some documents
Th
are drinkin colfee
Th e nt a n s t a t'ld n8 s m a k

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I a Po n

step 7: share your work on steps i through
Did ther. har.e different in terpre ta tions?

5

rr'ith others. Did thev find trre same rr,orcls?

LISTENING COMPHE}TENSION PF.ACTICE

7

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Coptuor't Tnep PnRcrtcr
Sttwten.souNDs

.\rr,.rLtl or lrirrJi('nrJ\ 5()urlrl likt 111 11[jcct ()r.lctit)tt itr tltt Photrr. (,1,. lt'tlt.]t\'.,,: 1,)l
Irhr.rsr:. Un .r 5rp.1r.tte shtct oI Papcr, re ti rite tircse se ntaila(5 tr, l]l,lLt til('lli tt!l(

l fhe6E'@tn.@6ii)

The.

ou4 r't on tLo

ta)>Le'.

2. An ant is in ircnt of the rvidorv.
3. The marr rvho is sanding has a pin in his hand.
4. There are tr^,o men knitting.

5. Two men are carrying tiles.
PffEPos/rrofls
A preposition or a prepositional phrase may be used incorrectly. Circle that
preposition or prepositional pfuase. On a separate sheet of paper, rewrite these
sentences to make them true.

1. The cups are on top of the papers.
2. They're working across from the table.

3. The papers are spread under the table.
4. The woman in the dark jacket is behind the bulletin board.
5. A briefcase is across from the woman in the dark iacket.
WonDs N A DtFFEnENt coMrExt
A word or phrase may be used in a different context. Circle that word or phrase. On a
separate sheet of paper, rewrite these sentences to make them true.
1. The group is having a meeting outdoors.

2. A man is writing

a

report.

3. They're looking at the information on the bulletin board.
4. They're planning to meet soon.
5. Everyone is wearing suits.
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8

LISTENING COMPREHENSION PRACTICE

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Step 2: Write down what you see in the photo
NOUNS

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Step 3: Write down some actions that migh-t be taking place in the photo
VEB BS

LISTENING COMPREHENSION PRACTICE

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Step {: \\'rrie.l,,ri n tlrt I|,,r.1ti,)ns,rI tlrc pcoplg ()r tllilr:1.
LOCATIOTIS

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Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo that you know are true
FACTS

Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo that you think might be true
INTERPRETATIONS

Step 7: Share your work with others. Did they find the same words? Did they have
different interpretationsi,

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LrsrENrNGcoMpnEr{ENSroNpRAcrrcE

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sttnrttln souNDs
,rr f-ltr.rsc iI,tVs0rrncl likt,aIl Lrl,jL,,.l(,r , LrL)ir rn lltr,
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n s(]p.tr.ttc sircct,rt p.rIq,r r(,\\ l(,tlt(.\,._,,nt(.!r1.,,i rr r)r
F,hrase
rkc tlri,,lr tl u,-,
1. 'fhey're n'riting

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a check.

2. They're sanding the floor.
3. They're checking in for the fight.
4. He's wearing a tag.
5. The trailers are on time.
PRsposttrotvs
A preposition or a pr€positional phrase may be used incorrectly.
Circle that
Preposition or prepositional phrase. On a separate sheet of paper, rewrite these
sentences to make them true.
1. The ticket agents are in front of the counter.

2. A man is standing beside the counter.
3. The last woman in line has a large suitcase in her hands.
4. The direction signs are underfoot.
5. ihe two agents are working across {rom one another.
Wonos rr e

DTFFEIENT

coNTExt

A word or phrase ma'y be used in a different context. Ciicle
tirat ivoi..r or pirrzrse.
separate sheet of paper, rewrite these sentences to make
them true.
1. The bags are on the conveyor belt.

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2. The passengers are boarding the plane.
3. They're weighing their bags_
4. The security -officers are opening the suitcases.
5. The agents are taking

a break.

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LISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACTICE

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Stcp i: l-r.rniint thi. phott,

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Step 2: Write down what you see in the photo.
NOUNS

Step 3: Write down some actions that might be taking place in the photo
VEBBS

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LISTENTNG ooMpREHENSIoN.

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Step

{: \Vrite rlr.,rn tire lor,rlr,rns of the pr,,,plc,.r il,rngs

LOCATIONS
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Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo
that you know are true
FACTS

5: Write down some statements about the
photo that you think might be true.
.Step
INTERPRETATIONS

Step 7: Share your work with others. Did they
find the same words? Did they have
diflerent interpretations?

LISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACTICE

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Stivt[en souNr]s

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L,L lL.!i r)i'.tailrlil rn tltr,Ilt1,i1-r C.rlrl,-,tlt.rt i...,,i,ir,
()rr
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L.hrlse

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1. The passengers are getting off the pl.tnc
2. I he tree is on the platlorm.
3. They're all carrving bats.

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4. They're Betting out oI the rain.
5. The risers are on a flat form.

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PRsposrflorvs

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A preposition or a prepositional phrase may be used incorrectly. Circle that
prepositiorior prepositional phrase. On a separate sheet of paper, rewrite these
sentences to make them true.
1. The three.are walking behind the train.

2. The riders are getting on the train.
3. The passengers are walking under the platform.
4. The woman in the white coat is behind the others.
5. The woman in the black coat is far from the door.

Wonps tr a DIrFERENT coNTExr

Aword or

ph-rase rnay be used in a different context. Crrcle that word or phrase. C)n
separate sheet of paper, rewrit€ these sentences to make them true.

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1. The passengers are putting their bags on the train.
2. The riders are getting off their horses.

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3. The travelers are startinE their journey,
4. The rail users are buying their tickets.
5. The commuters are waiting for the train to arrive.

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LFTENTNG CoMpREHENSToN

pnAcIcE
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Step l: Ir..,rrlrne tirr.- i,ir,'r

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Step 2: Write down what you see in the photo.
NOUNS

tt
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Step 3: lVrite dorvn some actions that might

Lre

taking place jn the phr)to

VERBS

IJSTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACTICE 15

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Step 4:

\\rrle dotl l.r thi, loa,rirr,ns iri i

r,, r.r',;p1,. ,,1 ll1111gs

LOC ATIO NS

I

Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo that you know are true
FACTS

Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo that you think might be true
INTERPRETATIOt{S

Step 7: Share your work with others- D.id they find the same words? Did they have
dif f erent interpretations?

16

usrEMNG coMpREHENSToN pRAcucE
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Stt'4ttea souND.s

.\ \\.i)r(l r)l l)llr.t:r llt.li .,,rrrr.l lrkc
Irhr,)s(' ()n.l:.i,t).lf,tt(, rltrtl rrl
1.

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err .rL,l. ,-i L,i..i tr(,rr rr,

Ili., l,ltlt,, i rrrie,tir.rl \\1[Ll lt
[.rPgr. rrr. r rf,.tlrr.s -,,llt,-,n,-{.! t,r rtra1,,il.r,.,rI i|,rI
.

n'ornan is r\'alkirlq alonc.

2. She's riding tc rvork
3. The dock or the deck

rs rvhite.

4. She's loaning her patient some mone1,.
5. She's trying to open her notebook.

Parposltrors
A preposition or a prepositional phrase may be used incorrectly.
Circle that
preposition or prepositional phrase. On a separate sheet of paper,
rewrite these
sentences to make them true.

1. She's sitting beside her desk.
2. The sin-k is in front of her.
3. There are cabinets next to the doctor.
4. The waste can is on the cabinet.
5. Her stethoscope is in the desk.
WoRos

lr e DIFFERENT coNTExr

A word or phrase may be used in a different context. Circlc that word
or phrase . On a
separate sheet of paper, rewrite these sentences to make them
true.

1. The doctor is seeing h€r patients.
2. The cabinet doors are open.

3. Water is ruming in the sink.
4. She's cleaning her glasses.
5. She's taking some medicine.

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USTENINGCOMPREHENSTONPRACTICE 17

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tep 1: Ererrrirr,'tlrts plr,rtrr

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Step 2: Write down rvhat you see in the Photo
NOUNS

Step 3: \Yrite dor^'n sor.ne actions thilt

lright

be taking place

in the photo

VER BS

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LTsTEMNGcoMpnEHENSIoNPBAcTICE

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Step 4:'i!r'i (c iior..'l ! h,, !ri,r

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Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo that
you know are true
FACTS

Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo that
you think might be true
INTERPRETATIONS

Step 7: Share your work with others. Did they find the
same words? Did they have
different interpretations?

LISTEMNGCOMPREHENSIONPNACTICE

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.\ tr'trrt1 or l-r11r,r\( rIr.l\ s(,und llke ,111 i,b;cct ()r'.tatiln Ir thr,iIr ,l(). i ltair.tlt,,t r.i,r11
pltrast. ()n ,r \!,pn[.]te slrect of pap(,r. trlr'nte fltes(,5ent(,r'lar', t,r r.rr.:ke tltcrrr ttrrt,

l. Ihe

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charrs .rre in frout of the rvidou.s.

2. The pills are on the bed.
3. The stable is in between the chairs.
4. The charts and table are by the window.
5. The guard is beyond the window.

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PRrposlnors

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A preposition or a prepositional phrase may be used incorrectly. Circle that
preposition cr prepositional phrase On a separate sheet of paper, rewrite these
sentences to make them true.

I

1. The chairs are beside the beds.
2. The pillows are under the beds.

3. A table is in front of the chairs.
4. The beds are across frorr each other
-5.

A lamp is below the bed.

Vloaos liv e

D,rFEBENT coNTExr

A word or phrase may be used in a different context. Circlc that word cr phrasc. On a
separate sheet of paper, rewrite these sentences to make thern true.

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1. The flower bed is very neat.
2. A lamo is on the table between the chairs.
3. The hotel room is very dark.

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4. The housekeeping staff is cleaning the room.
5. The curtains cover the windows.

6

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20

LIsIEMNGcoMpREHENstoNpRAc.IrcE
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Step 2: Write down what you see in the photo
NOUNS
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Step 3: Write down some actions that might be takrng
place in thc photo
VERBS

LISTENINGCOMPREIENSIONPR.ACTICE

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Step

j l\ rri,

,1,,

, r ilrr

lr,,

F

atiins ,,i lhc r.coplc i,r ihirrl;.

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I

LOCATIONS

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Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo th,at you know are true
FACTS

Step 6: Write down some statements about the photo that you think night be true
INTERPRETATIONS

Step 7: Share your work with others. Did they find the same words? Did they have
different interpretations?

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LrsrENINGcoMpREtENSIoNpnAcrrcE

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[1e's picking up her tag.

2. He's spending over his limit.
3. She's standing in front of the store.
4. She's carrying a white suitcase.
5. He's packing the bag.

PnEposrrlo s
A preposition or a prepositional phrase may be
used incorrectly. Circle that
preposition or prepositional phrase. On a separate
sheet of paper, rewrite these
sentences to make them true.

1. The suitcase is behind the woman.
2. They're standing inside the lobby of the hotel.
3. There's a revolving door in front of them.
4. The doorman is stepping away from the bag.
5. The woman is looking up at her suitcase.

lToaos

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e

DIFFERENT

coNTExr

A word or phrase may be used in a different
context. Circle that word or phrase. on a
separate sheet of paper, rewrite these sentences
to make them true.
1. She's packing her suitcase.
2. The doorman is opening her bag.

3. He's checking her bag forher flight.
4. The bellhop is putting her suitcase on the
bed.
5. The guest is weighing her suitcase.

LISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACTICE 23

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6

Step l: l:x.rmir'.t' tltr: phtrt,r

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Step 2: Write down what you see in the photo.
NOUNS

Step 3: Write dorvn some actions that might be taking place irl tl.re photo

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24

LISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACTICE

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LOCA.TIONS

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Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo
that you know are true
FACTS

Step 5: Write down some statements about the
photo that you think might be true.
INTEBPRETANONS

Step 7; Share your work w-ith oihers. Did they find
the same words? Did they have
different interpretations?

USTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACI'ICE 25

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C or"tt"{o r'r Tn i-p

Pnecrtcr

SllrrteR souNDs
t, rrrd rtr l.hr.rs" rri,,'' sorrntl lLke.ilq qr[1L, f i,r .rallolr rn thc phot,r. Circlt th.lttvr,rti i,l
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.\

1. A couple is at the tablc.
2. Three rvorkers are eating meat.
3. The pitcher is very tall.

4. Both men are tied together.
5. The woman is carrying a scarf

.

PRrposlrtors
A preposition or a prepositional phrase may bs used incorrectly. Circle that
prepositiori or prepositional phrase. On a separate sheet of paper, rewrite these
sentences to make them true.
1. They're sitting near a table.
2. The coffee cups are above the people.
3. The binders are under the table.

4. A woman is to the left of the men.
5. The picture is behind the wall.

Woros

Iw A DTFFEBENT coNTExf

A rvord or phrase may be uscd in a different context. Circle that r,r'ord or phrase. On a
separate sheet of paper, rewrite these sentences to make them true.

I
I

1. They're meeting for lunch.
2. They're makir.g coffee.

3. They're writing in their binders.
4. They're ordering more paper.
5. They're washing the coffee cups.

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1

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26

LTSTEN1NGCoMPREIIENSIoNIRAcflcE

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Photo

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Step 2: Write down what you see in the photo.
NOUNS

Ste p 3:
V

Write down some actions that might be taking place
in the Photo

ERBS

USTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACTICE 2?

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irr,.rtir.rrrs,rf tirr'111"1f i" ''r'tlrirrgs

i

ILoCATIoNS
lI

Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo that you know are true
FACTS

Step 6: Write do\ /n som€ statements about the photo that you think might be true.
INTERPRETATTONS

Step 7: Share your work with others. Did they find the same words? Did they have
different interpretations?

28

LIsrEl,[NGcoMpREx{ENSIoNPRACTICE

lqt
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!I

Ccl,rr'aon Tnnp Pnrc rrrrrSttqtLen

.so ulJDs

.\ rr't,til trt J)llJsr'r|J_,, ,)urr(l irl\i Jtr,.,bii.rlr,r ,), lr,,iitit iil,,
l)lt,tt(, ( rrrl,. ilr.:i lrri, l,
prhtils,.'. ()rr .r s(,p.lt,ltr sht,,- l ot
;-,,i1,..r, Ltr., r ile tlrr-:,r, sel rtclrr r,s tU rn,t kc tlt(,rn tLut,
l. Tltt rrretr .rrr, lrolJirrSi._rrr t,lt..Ir,,rr.
2. Thev're looking at the electrical fire.
3. The technicians are carrying hard bats.

4. The workers are looking into hiring.
5. A man has his hand in his socket.
PflEPosrrro s
A preposition or a prepositional phrase may be used incorrectly. Circle
that
preposition or prepositional phrase. On a separate sheet of paper, rewrite
these
sentences to make them true.

1. They're standing on a tower.
2. They're walking on the wire.
3. There's a tower between them.
4. The technicians are far from the elechical towers.
5. The workers are across from one another.

lVonos rx e

DIrFERENT coNTExr

A word or phrase may be used in a different context. Circle that word
or phrase. On a
separate sheet of paper. rervrite these sentences to make them true.

1. The electrical lamp is broken2. They're walking on a high wire.
3. The horr.e is being rewired.
4. The equipment is unplugged.
5. The electrical towers are being removed

.1{lur
JtRt[4f

LISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACTICE 29

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Step 2: Write down what you see in the photo.
NOUNS
f

; i'l )i

Itrjii;''
ltirrll

,..r r rrr

lI:,

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Step 3: Write dorvn some actions that might be taking place in the photo
VERBS

30

LISTENINGCoMPREHENSIoNPRAcTIcE

lrl

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\\li, ,l(,,

rr tlr,. Ir,i.rtr,.rrrs Lrt

lhr l.rroPlt,,,r rlr.iij:,

llocnrror.rs

t-

Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo that you know
are true
FACTS

Step 5: Write down some statements about the photo that
you think might be true.
INTERPRETATIONS

Step 7: Share your work with others. Did they find the
same words? Did they have
different interpretations?

LISTENINGCOMPREHENSIONPRACTICE

3I

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