Characterization of Materials Parameters by Reverse Finite Element Modelling Based on Dual Indenters Vickers and Spherical Indentation.
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com
ScienceDirect
Procedia Manufacturing 2 (2015) 124 – 129
2nd International Materials, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering Conference, MIMEC2015,
4-6 February 2015, Bali Indonesia
Characterization of Material Parameters by Reverse Finite Element
Modelling Based on Dual Indenters Vickers and Spherical
Indentation
I Nyoman Budiarsaa * I D.G Ary Subagiaa, I Wayan Widiadaa, Ngakan P.G Suardanaa
a
Mechanical Engineering.University of Udayana.Bali. Indonesia
Abstract
Significantly advantage in the use of indentation testing its use for the characterization of materials is simple and requires only a
small sample. In material characterization by indentation, the material behaviour is represented by the load (P)- depth (h) in the
P-h curve. However, despite the breadth of use of indentation in the evaluation of the behaviour of the material has not been able
to explicitly relate the behaviour of materials with constitutive material properties. This encourages further research to be able to
predict the P-h curves and hardness and indentation resistance of the constitutive parameters of the material, it is also very
important for research and practical use to explore the potential for using indentation data for predicting the constitutive
properties of a material. This could potentially provide a faster way for identification of material parameters and applied in
situations where a standard specimen is not available. In this research, the relationship between the constitutive parameters of the
material (represented by the yield stress (ıy) and work hardening coefficient (n)) of elasto-plastic materials, Indentation P-h
curve, and Hardness value with dual indenters have been systematically investigated by combining the representative stress (ır)
analysis and FE modelling using steel as a system materials. FE model of Vickers and Spherical indentation has been developed
and validated. Validation conducted on the feasibility of the FE models to investigate approaches to the material system, and
establishing factors affecting the accuracy and robustness of the approach finite element programs used. A new approach for
predicting the hardness values are developed based on the 3D relationship between hardness, yield stress (ıy) and strain
hardening coefficient (n). The prediction proposed method has been successfully used to produce hardness values of various
material properties and is used to establish the relationship between the hardness values with representative stress. Prediction
process of the material parameters based on the intersection between the indentations curves of the material properties of both the
dual indenter Vickers and spherical indentation. It provides a useful tool to evaluate the feasibility of using a hardness value in
predicting the constitutive material parameters with respect to the accuracy and uniqueness by mapping through all the range of
potential materials.
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +62-0361-703321; fax: +62-0361-703321.
E-mail address: nyoman.budiarsa@me.unud.ac.id
2351-9789 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Selection and Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of MIMEC2015
doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.022
125
I. Nyoman Budiarsa et al. / Procedia Manufacturing 2 (2015) 124 – 129
© 2015
by by
Elsevier
B.V.B.V.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
©
2015The
TheAuthors.
Authors.Published
Published
Elsevier
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
under
responsibility
of the Scientific Committee of MIMEC2015.
Selection
and
Peer-review
Selection and Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of MIMEC2015
Keywords: Yield stress (ıy), Work Hardening Coefficient (n), P-h Curve, FE Modelling, Dual indenters
1. Introduction
Evaluation of the material characteristics often associated with the use of indentation as an important method of
testing materials. In indentation, when an indenter is pressed into the surface of the specimen, then the size of the
permanent indentation is formed and can be measured to represent the indentation resistance (ie hardness value).
The response behavior of the material on the test is based by the load (P) and displacement (h) on the curve (p-h)
indentation. In the process of indentation, the material deforms complex shape deformation zone different
mechanism which is one of the most effective ways to analyze indentation [1]. Earlier work showed that hardness
value can be associated with a representative stress (ır) [2], [3]. The concept coupled with finite element modeling
(FE) has been successfully used in analyzing the sharp indenter where representative strain and stress are well
defined using fixed indenter angle[4]. In this case, the resulting relationship between material parameters and finally
P-h curves can be used to estimate the hardness of the material parameters. Subsequent developments, many works
have been explored in the search for ways to predict reverse (inverse prediction) material properties of the
indentation[1]. Most studies have focused on using full P-h curve while most of the data properties and hardness
values have been available primarily using the yield stress (ıy) and ultimate tensile strength (ıt)[5]. The
relationship eventually built between material properties, indentation curves and hardness values that would be a
useful tool to investigate the feasibility of both constitutive material parameters (represented by the yield stress (ıy)
and strain hardening coefficient (n) which is based on the value of hardness (hardness value) is known. Established
relationships developed to assess the characteristics of the material and assisted with the optimization program is
used to directly identify all candidate sets of material properties that might correspond to the test using a dual
indenter. It would also pave the way for future improvements in the measurement program using a reverse inverse
additional measurable data.
2. Materials and Experimental
The material used in the research of plastic properties of metal is carbon steel with a carbon content of various
composition (carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.10% C, 0.54% C and 0.85% C). chemical composition of the
materials listed in Table 1.
Table 1. Composition and condition of the sample material (0.10% C, 0.54% C, and 0.85% C)
Material
Condition
Carbon Steel 0.10% C
Normalized at 900°
Carbon Steel 0.54% C
Normalized at 840°
Carbon Steel 0.85% C
Normalized at 830°
C
0.1
Element Composition (%)
Mn
P
S
Si
0.5
ScienceDirect
Procedia Manufacturing 2 (2015) 124 – 129
2nd International Materials, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering Conference, MIMEC2015,
4-6 February 2015, Bali Indonesia
Characterization of Material Parameters by Reverse Finite Element
Modelling Based on Dual Indenters Vickers and Spherical
Indentation
I Nyoman Budiarsaa * I D.G Ary Subagiaa, I Wayan Widiadaa, Ngakan P.G Suardanaa
a
Mechanical Engineering.University of Udayana.Bali. Indonesia
Abstract
Significantly advantage in the use of indentation testing its use for the characterization of materials is simple and requires only a
small sample. In material characterization by indentation, the material behaviour is represented by the load (P)- depth (h) in the
P-h curve. However, despite the breadth of use of indentation in the evaluation of the behaviour of the material has not been able
to explicitly relate the behaviour of materials with constitutive material properties. This encourages further research to be able to
predict the P-h curves and hardness and indentation resistance of the constitutive parameters of the material, it is also very
important for research and practical use to explore the potential for using indentation data for predicting the constitutive
properties of a material. This could potentially provide a faster way for identification of material parameters and applied in
situations where a standard specimen is not available. In this research, the relationship between the constitutive parameters of the
material (represented by the yield stress (ıy) and work hardening coefficient (n)) of elasto-plastic materials, Indentation P-h
curve, and Hardness value with dual indenters have been systematically investigated by combining the representative stress (ır)
analysis and FE modelling using steel as a system materials. FE model of Vickers and Spherical indentation has been developed
and validated. Validation conducted on the feasibility of the FE models to investigate approaches to the material system, and
establishing factors affecting the accuracy and robustness of the approach finite element programs used. A new approach for
predicting the hardness values are developed based on the 3D relationship between hardness, yield stress (ıy) and strain
hardening coefficient (n). The prediction proposed method has been successfully used to produce hardness values of various
material properties and is used to establish the relationship between the hardness values with representative stress. Prediction
process of the material parameters based on the intersection between the indentations curves of the material properties of both the
dual indenter Vickers and spherical indentation. It provides a useful tool to evaluate the feasibility of using a hardness value in
predicting the constitutive material parameters with respect to the accuracy and uniqueness by mapping through all the range of
potential materials.
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +62-0361-703321; fax: +62-0361-703321.
E-mail address: nyoman.budiarsa@me.unud.ac.id
2351-9789 © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Selection and Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of MIMEC2015
doi:10.1016/j.promfg.2015.07.022
125
I. Nyoman Budiarsa et al. / Procedia Manufacturing 2 (2015) 124 – 129
© 2015
by by
Elsevier
B.V.B.V.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license
©
2015The
TheAuthors.
Authors.Published
Published
Elsevier
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
under
responsibility
of the Scientific Committee of MIMEC2015.
Selection
and
Peer-review
Selection and Peer-review under responsibility of the Scientific Committee of MIMEC2015
Keywords: Yield stress (ıy), Work Hardening Coefficient (n), P-h Curve, FE Modelling, Dual indenters
1. Introduction
Evaluation of the material characteristics often associated with the use of indentation as an important method of
testing materials. In indentation, when an indenter is pressed into the surface of the specimen, then the size of the
permanent indentation is formed and can be measured to represent the indentation resistance (ie hardness value).
The response behavior of the material on the test is based by the load (P) and displacement (h) on the curve (p-h)
indentation. In the process of indentation, the material deforms complex shape deformation zone different
mechanism which is one of the most effective ways to analyze indentation [1]. Earlier work showed that hardness
value can be associated with a representative stress (ır) [2], [3]. The concept coupled with finite element modeling
(FE) has been successfully used in analyzing the sharp indenter where representative strain and stress are well
defined using fixed indenter angle[4]. In this case, the resulting relationship between material parameters and finally
P-h curves can be used to estimate the hardness of the material parameters. Subsequent developments, many works
have been explored in the search for ways to predict reverse (inverse prediction) material properties of the
indentation[1]. Most studies have focused on using full P-h curve while most of the data properties and hardness
values have been available primarily using the yield stress (ıy) and ultimate tensile strength (ıt)[5]. The
relationship eventually built between material properties, indentation curves and hardness values that would be a
useful tool to investigate the feasibility of both constitutive material parameters (represented by the yield stress (ıy)
and strain hardening coefficient (n) which is based on the value of hardness (hardness value) is known. Established
relationships developed to assess the characteristics of the material and assisted with the optimization program is
used to directly identify all candidate sets of material properties that might correspond to the test using a dual
indenter. It would also pave the way for future improvements in the measurement program using a reverse inverse
additional measurable data.
2. Materials and Experimental
The material used in the research of plastic properties of metal is carbon steel with a carbon content of various
composition (carbon steel with a carbon content of 0.10% C, 0.54% C and 0.85% C). chemical composition of the
materials listed in Table 1.
Table 1. Composition and condition of the sample material (0.10% C, 0.54% C, and 0.85% C)
Material
Condition
Carbon Steel 0.10% C
Normalized at 900°
Carbon Steel 0.54% C
Normalized at 840°
Carbon Steel 0.85% C
Normalized at 830°
C
0.1
Element Composition (%)
Mn
P
S
Si
0.5