AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN DENZEL AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN DENZEL WASHINGTON’S THE GREAT DEBATERS MOVIE (2007): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH.

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AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN DENZEL

WASHINGTON’S

THE GREAT DEBATERS

_{MOVIE (2007):}

A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education

in English Department

by:

PUPUT SARI ROCHMANI

A 320 070 120

SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

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ii APPROVAL

AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN DENZEL WASHINGTON’S THE

GREAT DEBATERS_{MOVIE (2007):}

A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH

RESEARCH PAPER

Submitted as a Partial fulfillment of the Requirement for Getting Bachelor Degree of education in English Department

by :

PUPUT SARI ROCHMANI A 320 070 120

Approved by the Consultant

Consultant 1 Consultant 2

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iii

ACCEPTANCE

AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN DENZEL WASHINGTON’S THE

GREAT DEBATERS_{MOVIE (2007):}

A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH

PUPUT SARI ROCHMANI A 320 070 120

Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners School of Teacher Training and Education

Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta The Board of Examiners:

1. Drs. M. Thoyibi, M.S. ( )

(Chair person)

2. Nur Hidayat S.Pd ( )

(Member I)

3. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd, M.Ed ( ) (Member II)

Dean

Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si NIK. 547

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iv TESTIMONY

Herewith, I testify that in this research paper, there is no plagiarism of the previous literary work which has been raised to obtain any bachelor degree of a university, nor there are opinions or masterpiece which has been written or published by others, except those which the writing are referred in the manuscript and mentioned in literature review and bibliography.

Hence, later, if it is proven that there are some untrue statements in this testimony, I will hold full responsibility.

Surakarta, Mei 2011

PUPUT SARI ROCHMANI A 320 070 120

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MOTTO

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DEDICATION

♥

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vii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Assalamu’alaikum _{Wr. Wb.}

Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, praise and gratitude for Allah SWT, the Glorious, the Lord, and the All Mighty, who has given opportunity and bless for the researcher to finish the research paper entitled “Against Racial Discrimination in Denzel Washington’s Movie The Great Debaters (2007): A Sociological Approach”. Greetings and invocation are presented to the Prophet Muhammad SAW, who has guided mankind to the right path blessed by the Lord.

The writer would like to express her sincere gratitude for all of people who give contribution to make this research paper more completely. Without their contribution the writer is likely impossible to finish it. Therefore, in this opportunity she would like to express her special and deepest gratitude and appreciation to:

1. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si. as the Dean of the School of Teacher Training and Education.

2. Titis setyabudi. as the Chief of English Department in Muhammadiyah University of

Surakarta.

3. Drs. M. Thoyibi, M.S. as the First Consultant, for the greatest guidance, attention, and motivation from the beginning up to the completing of the research paper.

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viii

4. Nur Hidayat, S.Pd.. as the Second Consultant who has improved the writing of

research in order to make this research paper more interesting to read in correct sentences.

5. Abdillah Nugroho M. Hum, as her academic consultant who always give guidance during her study.

6. All lecturers of English Department for the guidance during the study at this university.

7. Her Beloved Parents,”Bapak” and “Ibuk” who give everything for affection, love, prayer, guidance, motivation, all sacrifice and financial contribution given to her. 8. Her Beloved Sister and Brother, “mbak Eka, mas Hendra, mas Aris, mas Ari, mas

Apink” for love, spirit, willingness joke and goodness.

9. Her Beloved Niece and Nephew, Akbar “cempluk”, Opiq, Yasmin, Galoeh, Azzam “Goprang”, Bilqis, Fira “gundul”, Danda ”Gopring” for the love, joke and everything which makes her laugh.

10. Her Beloved Doctors, “pak Moedrik, pak Sumantri, bu Harti, and pak Yono” for taking care of her when sick.

11. Her soulmate, AD 3394 TY, SE J150i ELM, Axioo, flashdisk, that always accompanied her in every condition.

12.Her Beloved Friends, Gank TM, Anis “Brenda”, Septi “Mbokdhe”, Nisa “Henk”, Dwi “Pooh”, Mela “Dut” for support and sweet friendship memories. 13.Her Beloved Friends, “Sally, Tini, Sasa, and all member of ILT TEAM drama”

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14. Her Beloved Friends from cyber world, mbk Soya, Syakeena “mungil”, Zei

“Pitik”, “Ayah”, “Nyunyun”, “Guru”, “KK”, amar “bebek” for accompany her

when stay up all night and their friendship.

15.All friends in English Department 2007, especially class C. 16. Her Dearest One over there, for sadness and all of memories.

17.All her friends in Work field at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Surakarta, Simpon. 18.All her friends of sharing in writing research paper at the direction of Mr.

Thoyibi.

19.Last but not least, those who cannot be mentioned one by one, who have supported her to reach dream.

The writer realizes that this research paper is far from being perfect, so the writer welcomes any constructive comment, criticism, and suggestion from anyone. Finally, she hopes that this research paper would help other researcher who are interested in studying sociological perspectives and enrich the reader’s knowledge.

Wassalamualaikum Wr. Wb.

Surakarta, The writer

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TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE... APPROVAL... ACCEPTANCE... TESTIMONY……... MOTTO…... DEDICATION... ACKNOWLEDGMENT... TABLE OF CONTENT……...

TABLE OF FIGURE……..………...

SUMMARY………... I ii iii iv v vi vii x xiv xv CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION...

A. Background of the Study... B. Literature Review... C. Problem Statement... D. Objective of the Study... E. Limitation of the Study... F. Benefit of the Study...

1 1 7 8 8 8 9

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G. Research Method……… H. Research Paper Organization...

9 11 CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY...

A. Sociology of Literature………... B. Types of Sociology of Literature……... C. Structural Elements of the Movie………... 1. _{Narrative Elements ...} a. Character and Characterization……….. b. Casting………... c. Plot………..………... d. Setting…….………... e. Point of View………

f. Theme……… 2. Technical Elements..………... a. Mise-en-Scene ……….. b.Cinematography …..……… c. Sound ………….……… d. Editing ……… D. Theoretical Application ...

13 13 14 12 17 17 17 18 19 19 20 20 20 23 25 26 26

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xii CHAPTER III :

CHAPTER IV:

SOCIAL HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF AMERICAN SOCIETY IN THE TURN OF THE

CENTURY………..………

A. Social Aspect…. ………

B. Economic Aspect………... C. Political Aspect………... D. Science and Technology Aspect……….. E. Cultural Aspect………... F. Religious Aspect…….………..

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS……….

27 27 31 34 36 38 40 43 A. Narrative Elements ...

1. Character and Characterization………... 2. Setting……… 3. Plot………. 4. Point of View………. 5. Casting ……..……… 6. Theme……… B. Technical Elements..………. 1. Mise-en-Scene ……….. 2.Cinematography ………..………….

43 45 50 52 53 54 57 57 57 61

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xiii

3. Sound ………...……… 4. Editing ……… C. Discussion……….

64 65 66 CHAPTER V :

CHAPTER VI :

SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS.... A. Social Aspect………... B. Economic Aspect…………... C. Political Aspect... D. Science and Technology Aspect... E. Cultural Aspect…... F. Religious Aspect……… G. Discussion………. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... A.Conclusion ...

B.Suggestion………. 68 68 71 72 74 75 75 77 79 79 80 BIBLIOGRAPHY APPENDIX

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TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Melvin B. Tolson ... 46

Figure 2. Henry Lowe ... 46

Figure 3. James Farmer Jr ... 48

Figure 4. Samantha Booke ... 50

Figure 5. Marshall Texas ... 51

Figure 6. Fashion Style ... 58

Figure 7. Make up people in sweat ... 58

Figure 8. People in Lynch ... 59

Figure 9. Movie scene in Daylight ... 59

Figure 10. Movie scene in Night ... 59

Figure 11. Many Properties ... 60

Figure 12. Normal Angle ... 63

Figure 13. High Angle ... 63

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xv SUMMARY

PUPUT SARI ROCHMANI. A 320 070 120.AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN DENZEL WASHINGTON’S MOVIE THE GREAT DEBATERS(2007): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH.RESEARCH PAPER. MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2011.

The problem of the study is to reveal how the discrimination between white skin and black skin in United State reflected in Denzel Washington’s The Great Debaters. The objectives of the study are to analyze the structural elements of the movie and to analyze the movie based on the sociological perspective.

Firstly, based on its structural analysis, Denzel Washington through this movie wants to express his idea about difference rule for black and white skin. He takes the story from the true story about Willey Debate team. Washington is successful in building the plot and portraying the characters through the set-dress, property and cinematography that the elements are well related to one another forming a good unity.

Secondly, based on the sociological analysis, the movie is closely related to phenomena which appears in America in 20th century, in which there are many differences in black skin and white skin in getting equality in many social aspects. In America, in that time, black skin is always viewed as second class citizens, never gets something the same as white skin. Based on this movie, Washington wants to show that black and white skin basically is the same except the color of the skin. In this movie he tells many aspects of live unfair get by black skin because of their skin, economic aspect, social aspect. Through this movie, Washington opens new point of view that black skin also can defeat white skin by debate and win. He wants to tell that there is no difference among people.

Consultant I Consultant II

Drs. M. Thoyibi, MS NurHidayat, SPd

NIK 410 NIK 771

Dean

Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si. NIK. 547

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TABLE OF CONTENT

TITLE... APPROVAL... ACCEPTANCE... TESTIMONY……... MOTTO…... DEDICATION... ACKNOWLEDGMENT... TABLE OF CONTENT……... TABLE OF FIGURE……..………... SUMMARY………...

I ii iii iv v vi vii x xiv xv CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION...

A. Background of the Study... B. Literature Review... C. Problem Statement... D. Objective of the Study... E. Limitation of the Study... F. Benefit of the Study...

1 1 7 8 8 8 9

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G. Research Method……… H. Research Paper Organization...

9 11 CHAPTER II : UNDERLYING THEORY...

13 13 14 12 17 17 17 18 19 19 20 20 20 23 25 26 26

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xii CHAPTER III :

CHAPTER IV:

SOCIAL HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF AMERICAN SOCIETY IN THE TURN OF THE CENTURY………..………

A. Social Aspect…. ………

B. Economic Aspect………... C. Political Aspect………... D. Science and Technology Aspect……….. E. Cultural Aspect………... F. Religious Aspect…….……….. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS……….

27 27 31 34 36 38 40 43 A. Narrative Elements ...

43 45 50 52 53 54 57 57 57 61

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xiii

3. Sound ………...……… 4. Editing ……… C. Discussion……….

64 65 66 CHAPTER V :

CHAPTER VI :

SOCIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS... A. Social Aspect………... B. Economic Aspect…………... C. Political Aspect... D. Science and Technology Aspect... E. Cultural Aspect…... F. Religious Aspect……… G. Discussion………. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ... A. Conclusion ...

B. Suggestion……….

68 68 71 72 74 75 75 77 79 79 80 BIBLIOGRAPHY

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xiv

TABLE OF FIGURES

Figure 1. Melvin B. Tolson ... 46

Figure 2. Henry Lowe ... 46

Figure 3. James Farmer Jr ... 48

Figure 4. Samantha Booke ... 50

Figure 5. Marshall Texas ... 51

Figure 6. Fashion Style ... 58

Figure 7. Make up people in sweat ... 58

Figure 8. People in Lynch ... 59

Figure 9. Movie scene in Daylight ... 59

Figure 10. Movie scene in Night ... 59

Figure 11. Many Properties ... 60

Figure 12. Normal Angle ... 63

Figure 13. High Angle ... 63

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xv SUMMARY

Consultant I Consultant II

Drs. M. Thoyibi, MS NurHidayat, SPd

NIK 410 NIK 771

Dean

Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si. NIK. 547

AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN DENZEL AGAINST RACIAL DISCRIMINATION IN DENZEL WASHINGTON’S THE GREAT DEBATERS MOVIE (2007): A SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH.