Perbandingan Kinerja Algoritma Kompresi Inverted Elias Gamma dan Capocelli Code Pada File Teks
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA ALGORITMA KOMPRESI INVERTED
ELIAS GAMMA DAN CAPOCELLI CODE PADA FILE TEKS
SKRIPSI
OGIANA
141421115
PROGRAM STUDI S1 ILMU KOMPUTER EKSTENSI
FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2016
Universitas Sumatera Utara
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA ALGORITMA KOMPRESI INVERTED
ELIAS GAMMA DAN CAPOCELLI PADA FILE TEKS
SKRIPSI
Diajukan untuk melengkapi tugas dan memenuhi syarat memperoleh ijazah
SarjanaIlmuKomputer
OGIANA
141421115
PROGRAM STUDI S1 ILMU KOMPUTER EKSTENSI
FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2016
Universitas Sumatera Utara
vi
ABSTRAK
Ukuran data yang besar mengakibatkan lambatnya proses pemindahan data dan pemborosan
pada memory. Kompresi bertujuan untuk mengurangi ukuran data tersebut menjadi sekecil
mungkin. Pemampatan data digunakan untuk mengurangkan jumlah bit yang dihasilkan dari
setiap simbol yang muncul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja antara
algoritma Inverted Elias Gamma dan algoritma Capocelli yang mana akan diukur kinerjanya
dengan rasio pembanding adalahCompression Ratio (CR), Ratio of Compression (RC),
Redundancy (RD),waktu kompresi (sekon) dan waktu dekompresi (sekon) pada file
teks.Algoritma Elias Gamma Code yang bekerja berdasarkan teknik pengkodean bilangan
bulat menjadi bentuk biner yang lebih sederhana. Input yang digunakan dalam aplikasi ini
hanyalah String yang terdapat dalam File doc(*.doc)antara lain: huruf, angka, simbol, baris
baru, tab, spasi, dan karakter lain yang dapat ditampilkan di layar dalam bentuk String dan
terdapat pada Tabel ASCII 256 karakter. Keluaran dari hasil dekompresi adalah sebuah file
asli yang disimpan dengan ekstensi file *.doc
Kata Kunci :Kompresi Teks, Variable-length Codes for Data Compression
Universitas Sumatera Utara
vii
THE COMPARISON OF ALGORITHM PERFORMANCE OF
INVERTED ELIAS GAMMA AND CAPOCELLI IN
TEXT FILE COMPRESSION
ABSTRACT
Large data sizes result in slow data transfer process and waste the memory. Compression
aims to reduce the data size as small as possible. Data compression is used to reduce the
number of bits generated from each symbol appears. This study aims to determine the
performance of the algorithm Inverted Elias Gamma and algorithms Capocelli which will be
performances measured by the ratio of the comparison is the Compression Ratio (CR), Ratio
of Compression (RC), Redundancy (RD), the compression time (second) and the
decompression time ( second) in a text file. Elias Gamma Code algorithm that works by
encoding technique integers into a binary form that is much simpler. Inputs used in this
application is only String contained in doc files (* .doc), among others: letters, numbers,
symbols, new lines, tabs, spaces, and other characters that can be displayed on the screen in
the form of string and contained in the ASCII table 256 characters. The output of the
decompression is an original file stored with the file extension * .doc
Keywords: Text Compression, Variable-length Codes for Data Compression
Universitas Sumatera Utara
viii
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
Persetujuan .................................................................................................................. ii
Pernyataan ................................................................................................................... iii
Penghargaan .................................................................................................................iv
Abstrak .........................................................................................................................vi
Abstract ........................................................................................................................vii
Daftar Isi .....................................................................................................................viii
Daftar Tabel ..................................................................................................................xi
Daftar Gambar .............................................................................................................xii
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................... 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................2
1.3. Batasan Masalah .........................................................................................2
1.4. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................3
1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................................3
1.6. Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................3
BAB 2 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1. Kompresi Data ............................................................................................5
2.1.1. Teknik Kompresi Data ......................................................................6
2.1.2. Pengukuran Kinerja Kompresi Data..................................................7
2.2. Text File.......................................................................................................8
2.3. Algoritma Inverted Elias Gamma..............................................................10
2.4. Algoritma Capocelli .................................................................................11
2.5. Visual Basic.NET.......................................................................................12
2.6. Unified Modeling Language (UML) .........................................................13
BAB 3 ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM
3.1. Analisis Sistem .........................................................................................16
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3.1.1. Identifikasi Masalah ........................................................................16
3.1.2. Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem .............................................................17
3.1.2.1. Kebutuhan Fungsional ........................................................18
3.1.2.2. Kebutuhan Non-Fungsional ...............................................18
3.1.3. Analisis Proses ................................................................................19
3.1.3.1. Analisis Proses Kompresi File Teks dengan Metode Inverted
Elias Gamma .......................................................................20
3.1.3.2. Analisis Proses Kompresi File Teks dengan Metode
Capocelli ..............................................................................23
3.1.3.3. Analisis Proses Menghitung Parameter Pembanding Ratio of
Compression (RC), Compression Ratio (CR), dan Space
Saving (SS)............................................................................25
3.1.3.4. Proses Dekompresi..............................................................27
3.2. Pemodelan Sistem .....................................................................................28
3.2.1. DiagramUse-Case............................................................................28
3.2.2. Diagram Activity .............................................................................30
3.2.3. Diagram Sequence ..........................................................................35
3.3. Perancangan Sistem Secara Umum...........................................................37
3.3.1. Bagan Alir Sistem (Flowchart) .......................................................38
3.3.2. Perancangan Antarmuka Sistem .....................................................40
BAB 4 IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN SISTEM
4.1. Implementasi Sistem .................................................................................47
4.1.1. Frame Home....................................................................................47
4.1.2. Frame Compression ........................................................................48
4.1.3.FrameDecompression.......................................................................48
4.2. Pengujian Sistem ......................................................................................49
4.2.1. Pengujian Proses Kompresi ............................................................49
4.2.2. Pengujian Proses Dekompresi ........................................................51
4.3. Hasil Pengujian .........................................................................................52
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BAB 5 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1. Kesimpulan ...............................................................................................55
5.2. Saran..........................................................................................................55
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................56
LAMPIRANLISTING PROGRAM
Universitas Sumatera Utara
xi
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1. Tabel Kode Elias Gamma............................................................................10
Tabel 2.2. Tabel Kode InvertedElias Gamma...........................................................11
Tabel 2.3. Kode (3, D11) Untuk Integer N12 dan Strings BS......................................19
Tabel 3.1. String yang belum di kompresi ...................................................................20
Tabel 3.2. String yang sudah di kompresi....................................................................22
Tabel 3.3. String yang belum di kompresi....................................................................23
Tabel 3.4.String yang sudah di kompresi Algoritma Capocelli..................................24
Tabel 4.1. Pengujian String “AAAAAA” (*.txt) dengan Inverted Elias Gamma.......52
Tabel 4.2. Pengujian String “AAAAAA” (*.doc) dengan Capocelli..........................52
Tabel 4.3. Pengujian String “ABABAB” (*.txt) dengan Inverted Elias Gamma.......52
Tabel 4.4. Pengujian String “ABABAB” (*.doc) dengan Capocelli............................53
Universitas Sumatera Utara
xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1. Kompresi Lossles.......................................................................................6
Gambar 2.2. Ilustrasi Kompresi Lossy..........................................................................7
Gambar 3.1. Diagram Ishikawa Analisis Masalah ......................................................17
Gambar 3.2. Gambar Diagram Use Case......................................................................29
Gambar 3.3. Gambar Diagram Activity Buka File Teks...............................................31
Gambar 3.4. Gambar Diagram Activity Simpan File Terkompresi...............................31
Gambar 3.5. Gambar Diagram Activity Pengkodean Algoritma..................................32
Gambar3.6. Gambar Diagram Activity Buka File Dekompresi...................................33
Gambar3.7. Gambar Diagram Activity Simpan Dekompresi .....................................33
Gambar3.8. Gambar Diagram Activity Pengkodean Dekompresi .............................34
Gambar3.9.Gambar Diagram Sequence Proses Kompresi ........................................36
Gambar3.10.Gambar Diagram Sequence Proses Dekompresi ..................................37
Gambar3.11.Gambar Flowchart Secara Umum Menggunakan Algoritma Inverted
Elias Gamma........................................................................................38
Gambar3.12.Gambar Flowchart SistemSecara Umum Menggunakan Algoritma
Capocelli...............................................................................................39
Gambar3.13.Gambar Flowchart SistemSecara Umum Pada Aplikasi yang Akan
Dirancang..............................................................................................39
Gambar3.14.Gambar Form Home .............................................................................41
Gambar3.15.Gambar Form Comprression ................................................................42
Gambar3.16. Gambar Form Decompression...............................................................43
Gambar3.17.Gambar Form Halaman About Me ........................................................45
Gambar4.1.Gambar Tampilan Form Home ...............................................................47
Gambar4.2.Gambar Tampilan Form Compression.....................................................48
Gambar4.3.Gambar Tampilan Form Decompression.................................................48
Gambar4.4.Gambar Tampilan Open Dialoq File........................................................49
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Gambar4.5.Gambar Tampilan Setelah Input File.......................................................49
Gambar4.6.Gambar Tampilan Hasil Parameter Pada Proses Kompresi Pada Menit
pertama....................................................................................................50
Gambar4.7.Gambar Tampilan Hasil Parameter Pada Proses Kompresi Pada Menit
berikutnya................................................................................................50
Gambar4.8.Gambar Tampilan Proses Decompression...............................................51
Gambar4.9.Gambar Tampilan Hasil Dari Proses Decompression.............................51
Gambar4.10. Grafik Hasil Parameter Homogen dan Heterogen *.txt.........................53
Gambar4.11. Grafik Hasil Parameter Homogen dan Heterogen *.doc.......................54
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ELIAS GAMMA DAN CAPOCELLI CODE PADA FILE TEKS
SKRIPSI
OGIANA
141421115
PROGRAM STUDI S1 ILMU KOMPUTER EKSTENSI
FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2016
Universitas Sumatera Utara
PERBANDINGAN KINERJA ALGORITMA KOMPRESI INVERTED
ELIAS GAMMA DAN CAPOCELLI PADA FILE TEKS
SKRIPSI
Diajukan untuk melengkapi tugas dan memenuhi syarat memperoleh ijazah
SarjanaIlmuKomputer
OGIANA
141421115
PROGRAM STUDI S1 ILMU KOMPUTER EKSTENSI
FAKULTAS ILMU KOMPUTER DAN TEKNOLOGI INFORMASI
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
MEDAN
2016
Universitas Sumatera Utara
vi
ABSTRAK
Ukuran data yang besar mengakibatkan lambatnya proses pemindahan data dan pemborosan
pada memory. Kompresi bertujuan untuk mengurangi ukuran data tersebut menjadi sekecil
mungkin. Pemampatan data digunakan untuk mengurangkan jumlah bit yang dihasilkan dari
setiap simbol yang muncul. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kinerja antara
algoritma Inverted Elias Gamma dan algoritma Capocelli yang mana akan diukur kinerjanya
dengan rasio pembanding adalahCompression Ratio (CR), Ratio of Compression (RC),
Redundancy (RD),waktu kompresi (sekon) dan waktu dekompresi (sekon) pada file
teks.Algoritma Elias Gamma Code yang bekerja berdasarkan teknik pengkodean bilangan
bulat menjadi bentuk biner yang lebih sederhana. Input yang digunakan dalam aplikasi ini
hanyalah String yang terdapat dalam File doc(*.doc)antara lain: huruf, angka, simbol, baris
baru, tab, spasi, dan karakter lain yang dapat ditampilkan di layar dalam bentuk String dan
terdapat pada Tabel ASCII 256 karakter. Keluaran dari hasil dekompresi adalah sebuah file
asli yang disimpan dengan ekstensi file *.doc
Kata Kunci :Kompresi Teks, Variable-length Codes for Data Compression
Universitas Sumatera Utara
vii
THE COMPARISON OF ALGORITHM PERFORMANCE OF
INVERTED ELIAS GAMMA AND CAPOCELLI IN
TEXT FILE COMPRESSION
ABSTRACT
Large data sizes result in slow data transfer process and waste the memory. Compression
aims to reduce the data size as small as possible. Data compression is used to reduce the
number of bits generated from each symbol appears. This study aims to determine the
performance of the algorithm Inverted Elias Gamma and algorithms Capocelli which will be
performances measured by the ratio of the comparison is the Compression Ratio (CR), Ratio
of Compression (RC), Redundancy (RD), the compression time (second) and the
decompression time ( second) in a text file. Elias Gamma Code algorithm that works by
encoding technique integers into a binary form that is much simpler. Inputs used in this
application is only String contained in doc files (* .doc), among others: letters, numbers,
symbols, new lines, tabs, spaces, and other characters that can be displayed on the screen in
the form of string and contained in the ASCII table 256 characters. The output of the
decompression is an original file stored with the file extension * .doc
Keywords: Text Compression, Variable-length Codes for Data Compression
Universitas Sumatera Utara
viii
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman
Persetujuan .................................................................................................................. ii
Pernyataan ................................................................................................................... iii
Penghargaan .................................................................................................................iv
Abstrak .........................................................................................................................vi
Abstract ........................................................................................................................vii
Daftar Isi .....................................................................................................................viii
Daftar Tabel ..................................................................................................................xi
Daftar Gambar .............................................................................................................xii
BAB 1 PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang ........................................................................................... 1
1.2. Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................2
1.3. Batasan Masalah .........................................................................................2
1.4. Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................3
1.5. Manfaat Penelitian ......................................................................................3
1.6. Sistematika Penulisan ................................................................................3
BAB 2 TINJAUAN PUSTAKA
2.1. Kompresi Data ............................................................................................5
2.1.1. Teknik Kompresi Data ......................................................................6
2.1.2. Pengukuran Kinerja Kompresi Data..................................................7
2.2. Text File.......................................................................................................8
2.3. Algoritma Inverted Elias Gamma..............................................................10
2.4. Algoritma Capocelli .................................................................................11
2.5. Visual Basic.NET.......................................................................................12
2.6. Unified Modeling Language (UML) .........................................................13
BAB 3 ANALISIS DAN PERANCANGAN SISTEM
3.1. Analisis Sistem .........................................................................................16
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3.1.1. Identifikasi Masalah ........................................................................16
3.1.2. Analisis Kebutuhan Sistem .............................................................17
3.1.2.1. Kebutuhan Fungsional ........................................................18
3.1.2.2. Kebutuhan Non-Fungsional ...............................................18
3.1.3. Analisis Proses ................................................................................19
3.1.3.1. Analisis Proses Kompresi File Teks dengan Metode Inverted
Elias Gamma .......................................................................20
3.1.3.2. Analisis Proses Kompresi File Teks dengan Metode
Capocelli ..............................................................................23
3.1.3.3. Analisis Proses Menghitung Parameter Pembanding Ratio of
Compression (RC), Compression Ratio (CR), dan Space
Saving (SS)............................................................................25
3.1.3.4. Proses Dekompresi..............................................................27
3.2. Pemodelan Sistem .....................................................................................28
3.2.1. DiagramUse-Case............................................................................28
3.2.2. Diagram Activity .............................................................................30
3.2.3. Diagram Sequence ..........................................................................35
3.3. Perancangan Sistem Secara Umum...........................................................37
3.3.1. Bagan Alir Sistem (Flowchart) .......................................................38
3.3.2. Perancangan Antarmuka Sistem .....................................................40
BAB 4 IMPLEMENTASI DAN PENGUJIAN SISTEM
4.1. Implementasi Sistem .................................................................................47
4.1.1. Frame Home....................................................................................47
4.1.2. Frame Compression ........................................................................48
4.1.3.FrameDecompression.......................................................................48
4.2. Pengujian Sistem ......................................................................................49
4.2.1. Pengujian Proses Kompresi ............................................................49
4.2.2. Pengujian Proses Dekompresi ........................................................51
4.3. Hasil Pengujian .........................................................................................52
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BAB 5 KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1. Kesimpulan ...............................................................................................55
5.2. Saran..........................................................................................................55
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................................56
LAMPIRANLISTING PROGRAM
Universitas Sumatera Utara
xi
DAFTAR TABEL
Halaman
Tabel 2.1. Tabel Kode Elias Gamma............................................................................10
Tabel 2.2. Tabel Kode InvertedElias Gamma...........................................................11
Tabel 2.3. Kode (3, D11) Untuk Integer N12 dan Strings BS......................................19
Tabel 3.1. String yang belum di kompresi ...................................................................20
Tabel 3.2. String yang sudah di kompresi....................................................................22
Tabel 3.3. String yang belum di kompresi....................................................................23
Tabel 3.4.String yang sudah di kompresi Algoritma Capocelli..................................24
Tabel 4.1. Pengujian String “AAAAAA” (*.txt) dengan Inverted Elias Gamma.......52
Tabel 4.2. Pengujian String “AAAAAA” (*.doc) dengan Capocelli..........................52
Tabel 4.3. Pengujian String “ABABAB” (*.txt) dengan Inverted Elias Gamma.......52
Tabel 4.4. Pengujian String “ABABAB” (*.doc) dengan Capocelli............................53
Universitas Sumatera Utara
xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1. Kompresi Lossles.......................................................................................6
Gambar 2.2. Ilustrasi Kompresi Lossy..........................................................................7
Gambar 3.1. Diagram Ishikawa Analisis Masalah ......................................................17
Gambar 3.2. Gambar Diagram Use Case......................................................................29
Gambar 3.3. Gambar Diagram Activity Buka File Teks...............................................31
Gambar 3.4. Gambar Diagram Activity Simpan File Terkompresi...............................31
Gambar 3.5. Gambar Diagram Activity Pengkodean Algoritma..................................32
Gambar3.6. Gambar Diagram Activity Buka File Dekompresi...................................33
Gambar3.7. Gambar Diagram Activity Simpan Dekompresi .....................................33
Gambar3.8. Gambar Diagram Activity Pengkodean Dekompresi .............................34
Gambar3.9.Gambar Diagram Sequence Proses Kompresi ........................................36
Gambar3.10.Gambar Diagram Sequence Proses Dekompresi ..................................37
Gambar3.11.Gambar Flowchart Secara Umum Menggunakan Algoritma Inverted
Elias Gamma........................................................................................38
Gambar3.12.Gambar Flowchart SistemSecara Umum Menggunakan Algoritma
Capocelli...............................................................................................39
Gambar3.13.Gambar Flowchart SistemSecara Umum Pada Aplikasi yang Akan
Dirancang..............................................................................................39
Gambar3.14.Gambar Form Home .............................................................................41
Gambar3.15.Gambar Form Comprression ................................................................42
Gambar3.16. Gambar Form Decompression...............................................................43
Gambar3.17.Gambar Form Halaman About Me ........................................................45
Gambar4.1.Gambar Tampilan Form Home ...............................................................47
Gambar4.2.Gambar Tampilan Form Compression.....................................................48
Gambar4.3.Gambar Tampilan Form Decompression.................................................48
Gambar4.4.Gambar Tampilan Open Dialoq File........................................................49
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Gambar4.5.Gambar Tampilan Setelah Input File.......................................................49
Gambar4.6.Gambar Tampilan Hasil Parameter Pada Proses Kompresi Pada Menit
pertama....................................................................................................50
Gambar4.7.Gambar Tampilan Hasil Parameter Pada Proses Kompresi Pada Menit
berikutnya................................................................................................50
Gambar4.8.Gambar Tampilan Proses Decompression...............................................51
Gambar4.9.Gambar Tampilan Hasil Dari Proses Decompression.............................51
Gambar4.10. Grafik Hasil Parameter Homogen dan Heterogen *.txt.........................53
Gambar4.11. Grafik Hasil Parameter Homogen dan Heterogen *.doc.......................54
Universitas Sumatera Utara