Exploration of Rhetorical Appeals Operat

Exploration of Rhetorical
Appeals, Operations and
Figures in UI/UX Design
Omar Sosa-Tzec1, Martin A. Siegel1 and Paul Brown2
Indiana University Bloomington
1 School of Informatics and Computing
2 Henry Radford Hope School of Fine Arts

June 29, 2015 - The School of the Art Institute of Chicago

3rd International Conference for
Design Education Researchers
and PreK-16 Design Educators

Motivation

Allegory of Lady Rhetoric

Rhetorical handbook
An illustrated manual for graphic designers
‣ Ehses & Lupton (1988)

‣ NSCAD student work
‣ Application of rhetorical

concepts in graphic design
Modes of Appeal
Rhetorical Operations
Rhetorical Figures

Rhetoric

Graphic Design

Persuasion
Meaning
Argumentation
Connection with oral communication
Generation of concepts

?
Rhetoric


UI/UX Design

Persuasion
Meaning
Argumentation
Connection with oral communication
Generation of concepts

HCI
?
Rhetoric
Persuasion
Meaning

UI/UX Design
Design
Pedagogy

Argumentation

Connection with oral communication
Generation of concepts

beta

UI/UX version

Rhetoric
Persuasion
Meaning

HCI
UI/UX Design
Design
Pedagogy

Argumentation
Connection with oral communication
Generation of concepts


Project/Exploration

Structure
‣ “Rhetoric and Design” (Ehses, 1987)

Extracts

‣ Interview

Other references
‣ Selected Bibliography

(Online/Offline)

‣ Three modes of appeal
‣ Rhetorical operations

Illustration of
Concepts
(Desktop, Web, Mobile)


‣ Rhetorical figures
‣ More student work

beta
version

uxrhetoric.com

“Rhetoric and Design” - takeaways
1.Rhetoric is not about trickery of flattering
2.Rhetoric is about effective communication
and meaning generated in context
3.Rhetoric is infiltrated in all the forms of
human communication

“Rhetoric and Design” - takeaways
4.Applying rhetoric as design methodology
requires the comprehension of the use of
symbols and patterns that could be familiar to

a user
5.Both the design of interface and experience
have social, moral and political implications.
Rhetoric would help to become aware of those
implications

Observations

paper's
takeaways

1.The three modes of appeal (logos, ethos and
pathos) fluctuate throughout the user experience

paper's
takeaways

1.The three modes of appeal (logos, ethos and
pathos) fluctuate throughout the user experience
2.Rhetorical operations describe modifications

made on an interface for working on different
platforms

paper's
takeaways

1.The three modes of appeal (logos, ethos and
pathos) fluctuate throughout the user experience
2.Rhetorical operations describe modifications
made on an interface for working on different
platforms
3.Rhetorical figures (tropes and schemes) help to
describe conceptually the interface's composition
and interactions

Ethos, logos and pathos fluctuate

Ethos, logos and pathos fluctuate

Yahoo Weather App for iOS

(initial screen)

Yahoo Weather App for iOS

Rhetorical operations, interface modifications
and different platforms

Bloomberg Billionaires – The web version is the standard composition

Rhetorical operations, interface modifications
and different platforms
Bloomberg Billionaires – The mobile version is the result of the application of rhetorical operations

Addition + Subtraction +
Inversion

Subtraction + Inversion

Inversion + Subtraction


Tropes and figures, software as
composition, description of interactions
Alliteration repeats the
initial parts of elements in
a sequence.
(Ehses & Lupton, 1988)

Clear for iOS

Tropes and figures, software as
composition, description of interactions
Ellipses
deliberately omits
elements from a
statement.
(Ehses & Lupton, 1988)

Vine web interface

Discussion


1.The UI/UX rhetorical handbook would be used as
a framework to engage designers in discussion
and reflection upon possible meanings conveyed
by the interface composition as the user interacts
with the software

‣ Denotation
‣ Connotation

2.The UI/UX rhetorical handbook offers a vocabulary
for UI/UX designers to analyze, conceptualize, and
critique interfaces
‣ To go “beyond” the figures of metaphor and metonymy
‣ To move away from the skeuomorphic “origin” of interfaces
‣ To consider interfaces as a kind of visual artifacts with its

particular materials and ways to be shaped
‣ To consider interfaces as visual artifacts that affect


people's lives, beliefs, and attitudes

3.The UI/UX rhetorical handbook would
function to introduce UI/UX designers to
rhetoric (classic and contemporary)

‣ To consider software as a form of argument
‣ To have a better comprehension of persuasion and

persuasive technology


To create a link with other contemporary approaches in
HCI, including interaction criticism, sustainability and
feminism

Conclusion

‣ Interfaces are quite different from the examples

analyzed and presented in the original handbook

‣ Interfaces are quite different from the examples

analyzed and presented in the original handbook
‣ There is a fluctuation in the weights of each of the

modes of appeal

‣ Interfaces are quite different from the examples

analyzed and presented in the original handbook
‣ There is a fluctuation in the weights of each of the

modes of appeal
‣ Tropes and schemes support such a fluctuation

‣ Interfaces are quite different from the examples

analyzed and presented in the original handbook
‣ There is a fluctuation in the weights of each of the

modes of appeal
‣ Tropes and schemes support such a fluctuation
‣ Tropes and schemes help to describe conceptually,

not only the composition, but also interactions

Limitations and future work
‣ More examples are needed; simplification of

language
‣ We found difficulties to interpret chiasmus* and

anastrophe**
‣ We expect to create a repository of cases
‣We aim at motivating other design scholars to

join this project and make it grow
* Chiasmus symmetrically arranges elements so that one side reverses the order of the other
** Anastrophe inverts normal grammatical order

uxrhetoric.com
@omitzec -tzec.com

Thanks!

profmartysiegel.com
ptbrown@indiana.edu

This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation (NSF) Grant Award
no. 1115532. Opinions expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
the views of the entire research team or the NSF. Thanks to Ian B. Wood for the
discussion about ideas and examples presented in the UI/UX rhetorical handbook.