Biodegradasi Plastik Low Density Polyethylene Menghunakan Jamur dari Tenpat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA)
34
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Adekanle, M.A., Olerumi, A.S. and Akindele, A.A. 2014. Bacteria Isolated From
Waste-Dump Sites Soil at Osogbo, Osun State. J. Microbiol. Biotech. Res.
4(3): 66-69.
Arutchelvi, J., Sudhakar, M., Arkatkar, A., Doble, M., Bhaduri, S. and Uppara,
P.V. 2008. Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Polypropylene. Indian
Journal of Biotechnology. 7: 9-11.
Baral, S.P. 2014. Microbial Effects and Approaches on Biodegradation of
Polyethylene: A Review. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology
and Innovation. 2(7): 1-4
Bhardwaj, H., Gupta, R. and Tiwari, A. 2012. Microbial Population Associated
with Plastic Degradation. Open Access Scientific Reports. 1(5): 1-4.
Bilmeyer, W. F. 1994. Text Book of Polymer Science. 3rd edition. Jhon Wiley &
Sons. New York.
Bonhomme, S., Cuer, A., Delort, A. M., Lemaire, J., Sancelme, M., Scott, G. 2003.
Environmental Biodegradation of Polyethylene. Polymer Degradation and
Stability. 81: 441–452.
Crowd, M.A. 1991. Kimia Polimer. Penerjemah: Harry Firman. ITB. Bandung.
Das, M.P. and Kumar, S. 2014. Microbial Deterioration of Low Density
Polyethylene by Aspergillus and Fusarium sp. International Journal of
ChemTech Research. 6(1): 300.
Derrick, M. R., Stulik, D., Landry, J. M. 1999. Infrared Spectroscopy in
Conservation Science. J.Paul Getty Trust. United States of America.
Dinas Kominfo Prov.Jatim. 2014. Produksi Sampah Plastik Capai 5.4 Juta Ton
Per Tahun. http://kominfo.jatimprov.go.id/watch/38482 [Tanggal akses 30
Oktober 2014].
Dineshraj, D. and Ganesh, P. 2016. Screening and Characterization of Isolated
Fungi from Plastic Waste Dump Yard Sites. ISJR. 5 (1): 301-302.
Esmaeili, A., Pourbabaee, A.A., Alikhani, H.A., Shabani, F., and Esmaeili, E.
2013. Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Mixed
Culture of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Aspergillus niger in Soil.
PloS ONE. 8(9): 1-2.
Gajendiran, A., Krishnamoorthy, S., Abraham, J. 2016. Microbial Degradation of
Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Aspergillus clavatus strain JASK1
Isolated from Landfill Soil. Biotech. 6: 52.
Gu, J. D. 2003. Microbiological Deterioration and Degradation of Synthetic
Polymeric Materials: Recent Research Advances. Inter Biodete Biodeg. 52:
69–91.
Kathiresan, K. 2003. Polythene and Plastics-degrading Microbes from The
Mangrove Soil. Rev. biol. Trop [online]. 51(3-4): 629-633.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
35
Kershaw, M. L. and Talbot, N. J. 1998. Hydrophobins and Repellents: Proteins
with Fundamental Roles in Fungal Morphogenesis. Fungal. Genet. Biol. 23:
18-33.
Kim, D. Y. and Rhee, Y. H. 2003. Biodegradation of Microbial and Synthetic
Polyesters by Fungi. Appl. Micro. Biotech. 61: 300-308.
Kumar, S., Hatha, A. A. M., and Christi, K. S. 2007. Diversity and Effectiveness of
Tropical Mangrove Soil Microflora on The Degradation of Polythene Carry
Bags. Int. J. Trop. Biol. 55(3-4): 777-786.
Kusmiyati. 2013. Yuk
Kenali
Jenis Plastik Agar Tidak Salah Pilih
Kemasan Pangan. Liputan6. http://health.liputan6.com/read/723512/yukkenali-jenis-plastik-agar-tidak-salah-pilih-kemasan-pangan [Tanggal akses
5 Desember 2014].
Kyaw, B. M., Champakalakshmi, R., Sakharkar, M. K., Lim, C. S., Sakhakar, K .
R. 2012. Biodegradation of Low Density Polythene (LDPE) by
Pseudomonas Species. Indian J Microbiol. 52(3): 411-419.
Mahalakshmi, V., Siddiq, A. and Andrew, S.N. 2012. Analysis of Polyethylene
Degrading Potentials of Microorganisms Isolated From Compost Soil.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological. 3(5): 1190-1196.
Mahalakshmi, V. 2014. Evaluation of Biodegradation of Plastics. IJIRD. 3(7):
185-190.
Miller, P.A. and Clesceri, A.L. 2003. Waste Sites as Biological Reactors. Lewis
Publishers. United Stated Of America.
Newmark, A. 1993. Jendela Iptek Kimia. PT Balai Pustaka. Jakarta.
Nowak, B., Pajak, J., Karcz, J. 2012. Biodegradation of Pre-Aged Modified
Polyethylene Films, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Dr. Viacheslav
Kazmiruk (Ed.), InTech.
Nwogu, N.A., Atuanya, E.I. and Akpaja, E.O. 2012. Capability of Selected
Mushrooms to Biodegrade Polyethylene. Mycosphere. 3(4): 455–462.
Obire, O., Nwaubeta, O., and Adue, S.B.N. 2002. Microbial Comunity of a WasteDump Site. J.Appl.Sci.Environt.Mgt. 6(1): 78-83.
Oxtoby, Gillis, Nachtrieb, dan Suminar. 2003. Prinsip-Prinsip Kimia Modern.
Edisi Keempat. Erlangga. Jakarta.
Pavoni, J.L., Heer Jr., J. E. and Hagerty, D. L. 1975. Handbook of Solid Waster
Disposal, Materials and Energy Recovery.Van Nostrand Reinhold
Company. New York.
Pitt, J.I. and Hocking, A.D. 2009. Fungi and Food Spoilage. Science. Springer
New York.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
36
Prabhat, S., Bhattacharyya, S., Vishal, V., Kalyan, R.K., Vijai, K., Pandey,
K.N.and Singh, M. 2013. Studies on Isolation and Identification of Active
Microorganisms during Degradation of Polyethylene/Starch Film.
International Research Journal of Environment Sciences. 2(9): 83-85.
Pramila, R. and Ramesh, K.V. 2011. Biodegradation of Low Density
Polyethylene (LDPE) by Fungi Isolated from Municipal Landfill Area.
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research. 1(4): 131-132.
Pratomo, R. 2006. Pengaruh Macam, pH, dan Penggoyangan Media
terhadap Pertumbuhan Cendawan Rhizoctonia sp. [Skripsi]. Institut
Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Priyanka, N. and Archana, T. 2011. Biodegrability of Polythene and Plastic by
The Help of Microorganism: A Way for Brighter Future. J Environment
Analytic Toxicol. 1(4): 1.
Sangale, M.K., Shahnawaz, M. and Ade, A.B. 2012. A Review on Biodegradation
of Polythene: The Microbial Approach. J Bioremed Biodeg. 3(10):1-7.
Sarengat, N. 2011.
Plastik Ramah Lingkungan (photodegradasi) dari
Kopolimerisasi Tempel LDPE/Tapioka dengan Maleat Anhidrat. Majalah
Kulit, Karet dan Plastik. 27(1): 31-37.
Sen, S. K., and Raut, S. 2015. Microbial Degradation of Low Density
Polyethylene (LDPE): A Review. Journal of Environmental Chemical
Engineering. 3: 462-473.
Seneviratne, G., Tennkoon, N. S., Weerasekara, M. L. M. A. W., and Nandasena,
K. A. 2006. Polyethylene Biodegradation by a Developed PenicilliumBacillus Biofilm. Curr Sci. 90: 20-21
Shah, A.A. 2007. Role of Microorganisms in Biodegradation of Platics. [Thesis].
Quaid-i-Azam University. Islamabad.
Shah, A.A., Hasan, F., Hameed, A., Ahmed, S. 2008. Biological Degradation of
Plastic: A Comprehensive Review. Biotechnology Advances. 26: 246-265.
Sharma, A. and Sharma, A. 2004. Degradation Assessment of Low Density
Polyethylene (LDP) and Polythene (PP) by an Indigenous Isolate of
Pseudomonas stutzeri. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research.
63: 293.
Singh, J and Gupta, K.C. 2014.Screening and Identification of Low Density
Polyethylene (LDPE) Degrading Soil Fungi Isolated from Polythene
Polluted Sites around Gwalior City (M.P.). International Journal of
Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 3(6): 443-448.
Stainer, R. J., Ingraham, J. L., Wheelis, and Painter, P. R. 1989. General
Microbiology. MacMillan Education Limited.
Sulchan, M. dan Nur, E.W. 2007. Keamanan Pangan Kemasan Plastik dan
Styrofoam. Maj Kedokt Indon. 57(2): 55.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
37
Swift, G. 1997. Non-medical Biodegradable Polymers: Environmentally
Degradable Polymers Degradable Polymers, Handbook of Biodegradable
Polymers. Harwood Academic. Amsterdam.
Tokiwa, Y. and Calabia, B.P. 2004. Degradation of Microbial Polyesters.
Biotechnology Letters. 26: 1181-1189.
Tokiwa, Y., Calabia, B.P., Ugwu, C.U. and Aiba, S. 2009. Biodegrability of
Plastics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 10: 3724.
Usha, R., Sangeetha, T., and Palaniswamy, M. 2011. Screening of Polyethylene
Degrading Microorganisms from Garbage Soil. Libyan Agric.Res.Cen.J.Intl.
2(4): 200-204.
Vasile, C. 1993. Handbook of Polyolefins Synthesis and Properties. Marcel Dekker
Inc. New York.
Vijaya, C. and Reddy, R. M. 2008. Impact of Soil Composting Using Municipal
Solid Waste on Biodegradation of Plastic. Indian J Biotechnol. 7: 235-239.
Vlack, V.L. 2004. Elemen-elemen Ilmu dan Rekayasa Material. Penerjemah:
Sriati Djaprie. Edisi Keenam. Penerbit Erlangga. Jakarta.
Williams, J. O. and Hakam, K. 2016. Microorganisms Associated with Dump Sites
in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria. J. Ecol. Nat. Environ. 8 (2): 9-12.
Yoon, M.G., Jeon, H.J. and Kim, M.N. 2012. Biodegradation of Polyethylene by a
Soil Bacterium and AlkB Cloned Recombinant Cell. J Bioremed
Biodegrad. 3(4): 1.
Zahra, S., Abbas, S. S., Mahsa, M. T., and Mohsen, N. 2010. Biodegradation of
Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Isolated Fungi in Solid Waste
Medium. Waste Management. 30: 396-401.
Zusfahair, Lestari, P., Ningsih, D.R. dan Widyaningsih, S. 2007. Biodegradasi
Polietilena Menggunakan Bakteri dari TPA (Tempat Pembuangan Akhir)
Gunung Tugel Kabupaten Banyumas. Molekul. 2(2): 98-99.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Adekanle, M.A., Olerumi, A.S. and Akindele, A.A. 2014. Bacteria Isolated From
Waste-Dump Sites Soil at Osogbo, Osun State. J. Microbiol. Biotech. Res.
4(3): 66-69.
Arutchelvi, J., Sudhakar, M., Arkatkar, A., Doble, M., Bhaduri, S. and Uppara,
P.V. 2008. Biodegradation of Polyethylene and Polypropylene. Indian
Journal of Biotechnology. 7: 9-11.
Baral, S.P. 2014. Microbial Effects and Approaches on Biodegradation of
Polyethylene: A Review. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Technology
and Innovation. 2(7): 1-4
Bhardwaj, H., Gupta, R. and Tiwari, A. 2012. Microbial Population Associated
with Plastic Degradation. Open Access Scientific Reports. 1(5): 1-4.
Bilmeyer, W. F. 1994. Text Book of Polymer Science. 3rd edition. Jhon Wiley &
Sons. New York.
Bonhomme, S., Cuer, A., Delort, A. M., Lemaire, J., Sancelme, M., Scott, G. 2003.
Environmental Biodegradation of Polyethylene. Polymer Degradation and
Stability. 81: 441–452.
Crowd, M.A. 1991. Kimia Polimer. Penerjemah: Harry Firman. ITB. Bandung.
Das, M.P. and Kumar, S. 2014. Microbial Deterioration of Low Density
Polyethylene by Aspergillus and Fusarium sp. International Journal of
ChemTech Research. 6(1): 300.
Derrick, M. R., Stulik, D., Landry, J. M. 1999. Infrared Spectroscopy in
Conservation Science. J.Paul Getty Trust. United States of America.
Dinas Kominfo Prov.Jatim. 2014. Produksi Sampah Plastik Capai 5.4 Juta Ton
Per Tahun. http://kominfo.jatimprov.go.id/watch/38482 [Tanggal akses 30
Oktober 2014].
Dineshraj, D. and Ganesh, P. 2016. Screening and Characterization of Isolated
Fungi from Plastic Waste Dump Yard Sites. ISJR. 5 (1): 301-302.
Esmaeili, A., Pourbabaee, A.A., Alikhani, H.A., Shabani, F., and Esmaeili, E.
2013. Biodegradation of Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Mixed
Culture of Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus and Aspergillus niger in Soil.
PloS ONE. 8(9): 1-2.
Gajendiran, A., Krishnamoorthy, S., Abraham, J. 2016. Microbial Degradation of
Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Aspergillus clavatus strain JASK1
Isolated from Landfill Soil. Biotech. 6: 52.
Gu, J. D. 2003. Microbiological Deterioration and Degradation of Synthetic
Polymeric Materials: Recent Research Advances. Inter Biodete Biodeg. 52:
69–91.
Kathiresan, K. 2003. Polythene and Plastics-degrading Microbes from The
Mangrove Soil. Rev. biol. Trop [online]. 51(3-4): 629-633.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
35
Kershaw, M. L. and Talbot, N. J. 1998. Hydrophobins and Repellents: Proteins
with Fundamental Roles in Fungal Morphogenesis. Fungal. Genet. Biol. 23:
18-33.
Kim, D. Y. and Rhee, Y. H. 2003. Biodegradation of Microbial and Synthetic
Polyesters by Fungi. Appl. Micro. Biotech. 61: 300-308.
Kumar, S., Hatha, A. A. M., and Christi, K. S. 2007. Diversity and Effectiveness of
Tropical Mangrove Soil Microflora on The Degradation of Polythene Carry
Bags. Int. J. Trop. Biol. 55(3-4): 777-786.
Kusmiyati. 2013. Yuk
Kenali
Jenis Plastik Agar Tidak Salah Pilih
Kemasan Pangan. Liputan6. http://health.liputan6.com/read/723512/yukkenali-jenis-plastik-agar-tidak-salah-pilih-kemasan-pangan [Tanggal akses
5 Desember 2014].
Kyaw, B. M., Champakalakshmi, R., Sakharkar, M. K., Lim, C. S., Sakhakar, K .
R. 2012. Biodegradation of Low Density Polythene (LDPE) by
Pseudomonas Species. Indian J Microbiol. 52(3): 411-419.
Mahalakshmi, V., Siddiq, A. and Andrew, S.N. 2012. Analysis of Polyethylene
Degrading Potentials of Microorganisms Isolated From Compost Soil.
International Journal of Pharmaceutical & Biological. 3(5): 1190-1196.
Mahalakshmi, V. 2014. Evaluation of Biodegradation of Plastics. IJIRD. 3(7):
185-190.
Miller, P.A. and Clesceri, A.L. 2003. Waste Sites as Biological Reactors. Lewis
Publishers. United Stated Of America.
Newmark, A. 1993. Jendela Iptek Kimia. PT Balai Pustaka. Jakarta.
Nowak, B., Pajak, J., Karcz, J. 2012. Biodegradation of Pre-Aged Modified
Polyethylene Films, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Dr. Viacheslav
Kazmiruk (Ed.), InTech.
Nwogu, N.A., Atuanya, E.I. and Akpaja, E.O. 2012. Capability of Selected
Mushrooms to Biodegrade Polyethylene. Mycosphere. 3(4): 455–462.
Obire, O., Nwaubeta, O., and Adue, S.B.N. 2002. Microbial Comunity of a WasteDump Site. J.Appl.Sci.Environt.Mgt. 6(1): 78-83.
Oxtoby, Gillis, Nachtrieb, dan Suminar. 2003. Prinsip-Prinsip Kimia Modern.
Edisi Keempat. Erlangga. Jakarta.
Pavoni, J.L., Heer Jr., J. E. and Hagerty, D. L. 1975. Handbook of Solid Waster
Disposal, Materials and Energy Recovery.Van Nostrand Reinhold
Company. New York.
Pitt, J.I. and Hocking, A.D. 2009. Fungi and Food Spoilage. Science. Springer
New York.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
36
Prabhat, S., Bhattacharyya, S., Vishal, V., Kalyan, R.K., Vijai, K., Pandey,
K.N.and Singh, M. 2013. Studies on Isolation and Identification of Active
Microorganisms during Degradation of Polyethylene/Starch Film.
International Research Journal of Environment Sciences. 2(9): 83-85.
Pramila, R. and Ramesh, K.V. 2011. Biodegradation of Low Density
Polyethylene (LDPE) by Fungi Isolated from Municipal Landfill Area.
Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology Research. 1(4): 131-132.
Pratomo, R. 2006. Pengaruh Macam, pH, dan Penggoyangan Media
terhadap Pertumbuhan Cendawan Rhizoctonia sp. [Skripsi]. Institut
Pertanian Bogor. Bogor.
Priyanka, N. and Archana, T. 2011. Biodegrability of Polythene and Plastic by
The Help of Microorganism: A Way for Brighter Future. J Environment
Analytic Toxicol. 1(4): 1.
Sangale, M.K., Shahnawaz, M. and Ade, A.B. 2012. A Review on Biodegradation
of Polythene: The Microbial Approach. J Bioremed Biodeg. 3(10):1-7.
Sarengat, N. 2011.
Plastik Ramah Lingkungan (photodegradasi) dari
Kopolimerisasi Tempel LDPE/Tapioka dengan Maleat Anhidrat. Majalah
Kulit, Karet dan Plastik. 27(1): 31-37.
Sen, S. K., and Raut, S. 2015. Microbial Degradation of Low Density
Polyethylene (LDPE): A Review. Journal of Environmental Chemical
Engineering. 3: 462-473.
Seneviratne, G., Tennkoon, N. S., Weerasekara, M. L. M. A. W., and Nandasena,
K. A. 2006. Polyethylene Biodegradation by a Developed PenicilliumBacillus Biofilm. Curr Sci. 90: 20-21
Shah, A.A. 2007. Role of Microorganisms in Biodegradation of Platics. [Thesis].
Quaid-i-Azam University. Islamabad.
Shah, A.A., Hasan, F., Hameed, A., Ahmed, S. 2008. Biological Degradation of
Plastic: A Comprehensive Review. Biotechnology Advances. 26: 246-265.
Sharma, A. and Sharma, A. 2004. Degradation Assessment of Low Density
Polyethylene (LDP) and Polythene (PP) by an Indigenous Isolate of
Pseudomonas stutzeri. Journal of Scientific & Industrial Research.
63: 293.
Singh, J and Gupta, K.C. 2014.Screening and Identification of Low Density
Polyethylene (LDPE) Degrading Soil Fungi Isolated from Polythene
Polluted Sites around Gwalior City (M.P.). International Journal of
Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences. 3(6): 443-448.
Stainer, R. J., Ingraham, J. L., Wheelis, and Painter, P. R. 1989. General
Microbiology. MacMillan Education Limited.
Sulchan, M. dan Nur, E.W. 2007. Keamanan Pangan Kemasan Plastik dan
Styrofoam. Maj Kedokt Indon. 57(2): 55.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
37
Swift, G. 1997. Non-medical Biodegradable Polymers: Environmentally
Degradable Polymers Degradable Polymers, Handbook of Biodegradable
Polymers. Harwood Academic. Amsterdam.
Tokiwa, Y. and Calabia, B.P. 2004. Degradation of Microbial Polyesters.
Biotechnology Letters. 26: 1181-1189.
Tokiwa, Y., Calabia, B.P., Ugwu, C.U. and Aiba, S. 2009. Biodegrability of
Plastics. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 10: 3724.
Usha, R., Sangeetha, T., and Palaniswamy, M. 2011. Screening of Polyethylene
Degrading Microorganisms from Garbage Soil. Libyan Agric.Res.Cen.J.Intl.
2(4): 200-204.
Vasile, C. 1993. Handbook of Polyolefins Synthesis and Properties. Marcel Dekker
Inc. New York.
Vijaya, C. and Reddy, R. M. 2008. Impact of Soil Composting Using Municipal
Solid Waste on Biodegradation of Plastic. Indian J Biotechnol. 7: 235-239.
Vlack, V.L. 2004. Elemen-elemen Ilmu dan Rekayasa Material. Penerjemah:
Sriati Djaprie. Edisi Keenam. Penerbit Erlangga. Jakarta.
Williams, J. O. and Hakam, K. 2016. Microorganisms Associated with Dump Sites
in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria. J. Ecol. Nat. Environ. 8 (2): 9-12.
Yoon, M.G., Jeon, H.J. and Kim, M.N. 2012. Biodegradation of Polyethylene by a
Soil Bacterium and AlkB Cloned Recombinant Cell. J Bioremed
Biodegrad. 3(4): 1.
Zahra, S., Abbas, S. S., Mahsa, M. T., and Mohsen, N. 2010. Biodegradation of
Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) by Isolated Fungi in Solid Waste
Medium. Waste Management. 30: 396-401.
Zusfahair, Lestari, P., Ningsih, D.R. dan Widyaningsih, S. 2007. Biodegradasi
Polietilena Menggunakan Bakteri dari TPA (Tempat Pembuangan Akhir)
Gunung Tugel Kabupaten Banyumas. Molekul. 2(2): 98-99.
Universitas Sumatera Utara