uu no41 tentang kehutanan english

TH E LAW OF TH E REPUBLI C OF I N D ON ESI A
N UM BER 4 1 YEAR 1 9 9 9
ON
FORESTRY
I N TH E N AM E OF GOD TH E ALL M I GH TY
PRESI D EN T OF TH E REPUBLI C OF I N D ON ESI A
Considers:

a. t hat forest , as t he blessing of t he one and only God for t he nat ion of I ndonesia,
is rich, which t o be cont rolled by t he St at e, which provides m ult iple use for
hum an beings. Therefore, it should be acknowledged, m anaged and ut ilised in
an opt im al way and it s sust ainabilit y should be m aint ained for people's
m axim um welfare, bot h for present and fut ure generat ion;

b. t hat forest , as one of t he det erm inant s of life support ing syst em and a source
of people’s welfare, has t ended t o det eriorat e, so t hat it s exist ence should
opt im ally be ret ained, it s carrying capacit y should be sust ainably m aint ained
and be m anaged in a good m anner, fair, wise, t ransparent , professional and
account able way.

c. t hat sust ainable forest m anagem ent wit h an int ernat ional perspect ive should

be able t o accom m odat e t he dynam ic of com m unit y aspirat ions and
part icipat ion, cust om ary and cult ural, and social values in accordance wit h
nat ional norm s.

d. t hat Act No. 5 Year 1967 on Forest ry Basic Law ( St at e Gazet t e Year 1967 No.
8) is no longer com pat ible wit h t he principles of forest cont rol and
adm inist rat ion and wit h current developm ent so t hat it is necessary t o be
replaced;

e. t hat based on t he considerat ion as referred t o in let t ers a, b, c and d, it is
necessary t o st ipulat e a new Law concerning Forest ry.
I n view of:

1. Art icle 5 paragraph ( 1) , Art icle 20 paragraph ( 1) , Art icle 27 and Art icle 33 of
t he 1945 Basic Const it ut ion;

2. Decision of People's Consult at ive Council ( MPR) of t he Republic of I ndonesia
No. XV/ MPR/ 1998 concerning I m plem ent at ion of Local Aut onom y; Regulat ion,
Sharing and Fair Ut ilisat ion of Nat ional Resources; and Sharing of Revenues

bet ween Cent ral and Local Governm ent under t he fram ework of Unit ary St at e
of Republic of I ndonesia.

3. Act Num ber 5 Year 1960 on Agrarian Law ( St at e Gazet t e of t he Republic of
I ndonesia Year 1960 Num ber 104, Supplem ent t o St at e Gazet t e of t he
Republic of I ndonesia Num ber 2034)

4. Act Num ber 5 Year 1990 on Biological Resources Conservat ion and t heir
Ecosyst em ( St at e Gazet t e of t he Republic of I ndonesia Year 1990 Num ber 49,
Supplem ent t o St at e Gazet t e of t he Republic of I ndonesia Num ber 3419)

5. Act Num ber 24 Year 1992 on Spat ial Syst em ( St at e Gazet t e of t he Republic of
I ndonesia Year 1967 Num ber 115, Supplem ent t o St at e Gazet t e of t he
Republic of I ndonesia Num ber 3501)

6. Act Num ber 23 Year 1997 on Ecology ( St at e Gazet t e of t he Republic of
I ndonesia Year 1967 Num ber 68, Supplem ent t o St at e Gazet t e of t he Republic
of I ndonesia Num ber 3699) .

7. Act Num ber 22 Year 1999 on Local Governm ent ( St at e Gazet t e of t he Republic

of I ndonesia Year 1999 Num ber 60, Supplem ent t o St at e Gazet t e of t he
Republic of I ndonesia Num ber 3839) .
Wit h t he approval of
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATI VES
REPUBLI C OF I NDONESI A,
DECI DED
t o st ipulat e: ACT ON FORESTRY
CHAPTER I
GENERAL PROVI SI ONS
Part One
Definit ion
Art icle 1
As defined under t his Act :

1. Forest ry m eans a syst em of m anagem ent pert aining t o forest s, forest area,
forest product s t o be undert aken in an int egrat ed way.

2. Forest m eans a unit of ecosyst em in t he form of lands com prising biological
resources, dom inat ed by t rees in t heir nat ural form s and environm ent , which
can not be separat ed each ot her.

3. Forest area m eans a cert ain area which is designat ed and or st ipulat ed by
governm ent t o be ret ained as perm anent forest .

4. St at e forest m eans a forest locat ed on lands bearing no ownership right s.
5. Right forest m eans a forest locat ed on lands bearing ownership right s.
6. " Adat " forest m eans st at e forest s locat ed in t he t radit ional j urisdict ion areas
7. Product ion forest m eans a forest area having t he m ain funct ion of producing
forest product s.

8. Prot ect ion forest m eans a forest area having t he m ain funct ion of prot ect ing
life- support ing syst em s for hydrology, prevent ing floods, cont rolling erosion,
prevent ing sea wat er int rusion and m aint aining soil fert ilit y.

9. Conservat ion forest m eans a forest area wit h specific charact erist ics, having
t he m ain funct ion of preserving plant and anim al diversit y and it s ecosyst em .

10. Nat ure reserve forest area m eans a forest wit h specific charact erist ics, having
t he m ain funct ion of preserving plant and anim al diversit y and it s ecosyst em ,
and also as t he place for life- support ing syst em

11. Nat ure conservat ion forest area m eans a forest wit h specific charact erist ics,
having t he m ain funct ion of prot ect ing life- support ing syst em , preserving
species diversit y of plant s and anim als, and sust ainable use of biological
resources and it s ecosyst em .

12. Hunt ing park m eans a forest area det erm ined as a park area for hunt ing.
13. Forest product m eans biological, non- biological elem ent s and t heir derivat ives
and also services provided by t he forest .

14. Governm ent m eans t he cent ral governm ent
15. Minist er m eans t he m inist er who is charged and responsible for forest ry
affairs.
Part Two
Principles and Obj ect ives
Art icle 2

Forest ry adm inist rat ion shall be based on benefit and sust ainabilit y, dem ocracy,
equit y, t oget herness, t ransparency and int egrat ion.
Art icle 3

Forest adm inist rat ion shall be orient ed for people's m axim um welfare based on equit y
and sust ainabilit y principles, t hrough:

a. ensuring t hat forest s are sufficient in area and evenly dist ribut ed;
b. opt im ising t he variet y of forest funct ions which cover conservat ion, prot ect ion
and product ion funct ions in order t o gain balance and sust ainable benefit s of
environm ent , social, cult ure and econom y;

c. im proving t he carrying capacit y of wat ershed;
d. im proving t he capacit y t o develop com m unit y pot ent ials and em powerm ent
t hrough part icipat ory, equal and environm ent al- friendly ways so as t o
est ablish an endurance against t he ext ernal change; and

e. securing equal and sust ainable dist ribut ion of benefit s.
Part Three
Forest Cont rol
Art icle 4

1. All forest s wit hin t he t errit ory of t he Republic of I ndonesia including all t he
richness cont ained t herein are under t he st at e's cont rol for people's m axim um

welfare.

2. Forest cont rol by t he st at e as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , gives t he aut horit y
t o t he governm ent t o:

a. regulat e and organise all aspect s relat ed t o forest , forest area and
forest product s;

b. assign t he st at us of cert ain area as a forest area or a non- forest area;
and

c. regulat e and det erm ine legal relat ions bet ween m an and forest , and
regulat e legal act ions concerning forest ry.

3. Forest cont rol by t he st at e shall respect cust om ary laws, as long as it exist s
and it s exist ence is recognised and not cont radict ing nat ional int erest s.
CHAPTER I I

FOREST STATUS AND FUNCTI ONS
Art icle 5

( 1) According t o it s st at us, t wo forest s are det erm ined:

a. st at e forest , and
b. right forest .
( 2) St at e forest as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) point a, can be in t he form of " adat "
forest .

a. Governm ent shall det erm ine t he st at us of forest as referred t o in paragraph
( 1) and paragraph ( 2) ; and adat forest shall be det erm ined as long as it exist s
in realit y and it s exist ence is recognised.

b. I f during it s developm ent , concerned cust om ary com m unit ies are no longer
exist ing, t he m anagem ent right of t hose " adat " forest s shall be ret urned t o
governm ent .
Art icle 6

1. Forest has t hree funct ions, i.e.:
a. conservat ion funct ion
b. prot ect ion forest , and
c. product ion forest

( 2) Governm ent det erm ines forest s according t o it s m ain funct ion as follows:

a. conservat ion forest ,
b. prot ect ion forest , and
c. product ion forest .
Art icle 7
Conservat ion forest as referred t o in Art icle 6 paragraph ( 2) point a consist s of:

a. nat ure reserve forest area
b. nat ure conservat ion forest area, and
c. hunt ing park
Art icle 8

1. Governm ent can designat e special purposes t o a cert ain forest area.

2. Designat ion of forest area wit h special purpose, as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) ,
is required t o pursuit such public int erest s as:

a. research and developm ent
b. educat ion and t raining, and

c. religion and cult ure
3. Forest area wit h special purposes as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , shall not
change t he m ain funct ion of forest area as defined under Art icle 6.
Art icle 9

1. For t he purposes of m icro- clim at e regulat ion, aest het ic value and wat er
absorpt ion, cert ain area shall be designat ed as urban forest .

2. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , shall be regulat ed under a
Governm ent Regulat ion.
CHAPTER I I I
FOREST ADMI NI STRATI ON
Art icle 10

1. Forest adm inist rat ion as referred t o in Art icle 4 paragraph ( 2) point ( a) , shall
be aim ed at obt aining t he great est , m ult iple and sust ained benefit s for
people's welfare.

2. Forest adm inist rat ion as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , covers t he
im plem ent at ion of t he following act ivit ies:

a. forest ry planning;
b. forest m anagem ent ;
c. forest ry research and developm ent , educat ion and t raining, and
ext ension, and

d. supervision
CHAPTER I V
FORESTRY PLANNI NG
Part One
General
Art icle 11

1. Forest ry planning is int ended t o provide a guideline and orient at ion in ensuring
t he achievem ent of obj ect ives of forest ry adm inist rat ion as referred t o in
Art icle 3.

2. Forest ry planning shall be prepared in a t ransparent , account able,
part icipat ory, int egrat ed way and t aking local specifics and aspirat ions int o
account .
Art icle 12
Forest ry planning as referred t o in Art icle 10 paragraph ( 2) point ( a) , shall cover:

a. forest invent ory,
b. forest area gazet t m ent ,
c. forest area land use,
d. est ablishm ent of forest m anagem ent area, and
e. preparat ion of forest ry plans
Part Two
Forest I nvent ory
Art icle 13

1. Forest invent ory shall be im plem ent ed t o know and obt ain dat a and
inform at ion on resources, forest nat ural richness and it s environm ent in a
com prehensive way.

2. Forest invent ory as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) shall be im plem ent ed t hrough
a survey on st at us and physical condit ions of forest s, flora and fauna, hum an
resources, and social condit ion of com m unit ies living wit hin and around t he
forest .

3. Forest invent ory as referred t o in paragraph ( 2) shall consist of:
a. forest invent ory at nat ional level,
b. forest invent ory at regional level,
c. forest invent ory at wat ershed level, and
d. forest invent ory at m anagem ent unit level.
4. Result s of forest invent ory as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , paragraph ( 2) and
paragraph ( 3) shall be used am ong ot hers as a basis for forest area

gazet t m ent , preparat ion of forest resources' balance, preparat ion of forest ry
plans and forest ry inform at ion syst em s

5. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , paragraph ( 2) and
paragraph ( 3) shall be regulat ed under a Governm ent Regulat ion.
Part Three
Forest Area Gazet t m ent
Art icle 14

1. Based on forest invent ory as referred t o in Art icle 13, governm ent shall
undert ake forest area gazet t m ent .

2. Act ivit ies of forest area gazet t m ent as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , shall be
conduct ed t o provide t he legalit y of a forest area.
Art icle 15

1. Forest area gazet t m ent as referred t o in Art icle 14, shall be im plem ent ed
t hrough t he following procedures:

a. Forest area designat ion,
b. Forest area boundary dem arcat ion;
c. Forest area m apping, and
d. Forest area st ipulat ion
2. Forest area gazet t m ent as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , shall be undert aken by
t aking int o account t he provincial spat ial planning.
Part Four
Forest Area Land Use
Art icle 16

1. Based on t he result s of forest area gazet t m ent as referred t o in Art icle 14 and
Art icle 15, governm ent shall im plem ent forest area land use.

2. Forest area land use shall cover act ivit ies of det erm inat ion of t he funct ion and
use of t he forest area

3. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , and paragraph ( 2) , shall be
regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.
Part Five

Est ablishm ent of Forest Managem ent Area
Art icle 17

1. Forest m anagem ent area shall be est ablished for t he level of:
a. province
b. dist rict / m unicipalit y, and
c. m anagem ent unit .
2. Est ablishm ent of forest m anagem ent area at m anagem ent unit level shall be
im plem ent ed by t aking int o account : land charact erist ics, forest t ypes, forest
funct ions, condit ions of wat ershed, social and cult ure, econom y and local
com m unit y inst it ut ions, including cust om ary laws and adm inist rat ive
boundaries.

3. Est ablishm ent of forest m anagem ent unit t hat crosses adm inist rat ive
boundaries due t o forest condit ions, charact erist ics and t ypes shall be
st ipulat ed specifically by t he Minist er.
Art icle 18

1. Governm ent shall st ipulat e and m aint ain t he adequacy of forest area and
forest cover for each wat ershed and or island in order t o opt im ise t he
environm ent al, social and econom ic benefit s of local com m unit ies.

2. The ext ent of forest area t o be ret ained as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , is at
m inim um 30% ( t hirt y percent ) of t he t ot al area of wat ershed and or island
which should be evenly ( or proport ionally) dist ribut ed.
Art icle 19

1. Changes t o allocat ion and funct ion of forest area shall be st ipulat ed by
Governm ent in accordance wit h t he result s of an int egrat ed research.

2. Changes in allocat ion of forest area as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , which have
significant , wide and st rat egic im pact s, shall be st ipulat ed by Governm ent wit h
t he approval of t he House of Represent at ives.

3. Provisions on t he procedures of changing t he allocat ion and funct ion on forest
area as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) and paragraph ( 2) , shall be regulat ed by
a Governm ent Regulat ion.
Part Six
Preparat ion of Forest ry Plans

Art icle 20

1. Based on t he result s of invent ory as referred t o in Art icle 13, and by t aking
environm ent and social fact ors int o account , governm ent shall prepare
forest ry plans.

2. Forest ry plans as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , shall be prepared in accordance
wit h planning periods, geographical scale and m ain funct ions of forest area.

3. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) and paragraph ( 2) , shall be
regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.

CHAPTER V
FOREST MANAGEMENT
Part One
General
Art icle 21
Forest m anagem ent as referred t o in Art icle 10, paragraph ( 2) point ( b) , includes t he
following act ivit ies:

a. organising forest and preparat ion of forest m anagem ent plan
b. ut ilisat ion of forest and use of forest areas
c. forest rehabilit at ion and reclam at ion, and
d. forest prot ect ion and nat ure conservat ion.
Part Two
Organising Forest and Preparat ion of Managem ent Plan
Art icle 22

1. Organising forest shall be undert aken in t he fram ework of a m ore int ensive
m anagem ent of forest area in pursuance of opt im al and sust ainable benefit s.

2. Organising forest shall involve division of forest area int o blocks based on
forest ecosyst em , t ypes, funct ions and ut ilisat ion plans.

3. Blocks as referred t o in paragraph ( 2) , shall be divided int o com part m ent s
based on m anagem ent int ensit y and efficiency.

4. Based on blocks and com part m ent s as referred t o in paragraph ( 2) and
paragraph ( 3) , forest m anagem ent plans shall be prepared for cert ain period
of t im e.

5. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 2) , paragraph ( 3) and
paragraph ( 4) shall be regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.
Part Three
Forest Ut ilisat ion and Use of Forest Area
Art icle 23
Forest ut ilisat ion as referred t o in Art icle 21 point ( b) , shall be aim ed at obt aining an
opt im al and fair benefit s for people’s welfare while m aint aining it s sust ainabilit y.
Art icle 24
Use of forest area can be im plem ent ed in all t ypes of forest areas except in nat ure
reserve forest s and core and preservat ion zones of nat ional parks.
Art icle 25
Use of nat ure conservat ion and nat ure preserve forest areas and hunt ing park shall be
regulat ed in accordance wit h prevailing laws and regulat ions.
Art icle 26

1. Use of prot ect ion forest can be in t he form of ut ilising it s area, environm ent al
services, and collect ion of non- t im ber forest product s

2. Use of prot ect ion forest shall be im plem ent ed t hrough grant ing of business
licenses for area ut ilisat ion, environm ent al services and collect ion of
non- t im ber forest product s.
Art icle 27

1. Business license for ut ilising an area as referred t o in Art icle 26 paragraph ( 2) ,
can be given t o:

a. individuals,
b. cooperat ives
2. Business license for ut ilising environm ent al services as referred t o in Art icle 26
paragraph ( 2) , can be given t o:

a. individuals,
b. cooperat ives,

c. I ndonesian privat e com panies
d. St at e or local- owned com panies
3. Business license for collect ing non- t im ber forest product s as referred t o in
Art icle 26 paragraph ( 2) , can be given t o:

a. individuals,
b. cooperat ives
Art icle 28

1. Ut ilisat ion of product ion forest can be in t he form of ut ilising it s area,
environm ent al services, ut ilisat ion of t im ber and non- t im ber forest product s,
and collect ion of t im ber and non- t im ber forest product s.

2. Ut ilisat ion of product ion forest shall be im plem ent ed t hrough grant ing of
business licenses for area ut ilisat ion, environm ent al services, ut ilisat ion of
t im ber forest product s, ut ilisat ion of non- t im ber forest product s, collect ion of
t im ber and non- t im ber forest product s.
Art icle 29

1. Business license for area ut ilisat ion as referred t o in Art icle 28 paragraph ( 2) ,
can be grant ed t o:

a. individuals,
b. cooperat ives
2. Business license for ut ilisat ion of environm ent al services as referred t o in
Art icle 28 paragraph ( 2) can be grant ed t o:

a. individuals,
b. cooperat ives,
c. I ndonesian privat e com panies
d. st at e or local- owned com panies
3. Business license for ut ilisat ion of non- t im ber forest product s as referred t o in
Art icle 28 paragraph ( 2) can be grant ed t o:

a. individuals,
b. cooperat ives,
c. I ndonesian privat e com panies

d. st at e or local- owned com panies
4. Business license for ut ilisat ion of t im ber forest product s as referred t o in Art icle
28 paragraph ( 2) can be grant ed t o:

a. individuals,
b. cooperat ives,
c. I ndonesian privat e com panies
d. st at e or local- owned com panies
5. License for t he collect ion of t im ber and non- t im ber forest product s as referred
t o in Art icle 28 paragraph ( 2) can be grant ed t o:

a. individuals,
b. cooperat ives,
Art icle 30
I n order t o em power com m unit y's econom y, every st at e- , local- owned com pany and
privat e com pany who are grant ed t he license of ut ilisat ion of environm ent al services,
t im ber and non- t im ber forest product s are obliged t o cooperat e wit h local
cooperat ives.
Art icle 31

1. t o ensure a fairness, equal and sust ainable principles, business license for
forest ut ilisat ion shall be subj ect t o lim it at ion by t aking forest sust ainabilit y
and business cert aint y aspect s int o considerat ion.

2. Lim it at ions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) shall be regulat ed in a Governm ent
Regulat ion.
Art icle 32
Holders of licenses as st ipulat ed in Art icle 27 and Art icle 29 shall be obliged t o keep,
m aint ain and sust ain t heir forest areas.
Art ikel 33

1. Ut ilisat ion business of forest product s shall include t he act ivit ies of plant ing,
t ending/ m aint aining, harvest ing, processing and m arket ing of forest product s.

2. Harvest ing and processing of forest product s as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) ,
m ight not exceed t he sust ainable carrying capacit ies of forest s.

3. Regulat ion, supervision, developm ent of forest product processing as referred
t o in paragraph ( 2) , shall be m ade by t he Minist er.
Art icle 34
Managem ent of forest area for special purposes as referred t o in Art icle 8 can be given
t o:

a. cust om ary com m unit y
b. educat ion agencies
c. research agencies
d. social and religious agencies
Art icle 35

1. Each holder of business license for forest ut ilisat ion as referred t o in Art icle 27
and Art icle 29 shall be subj ect t o license fee, forest rent t ax, reforest at ion
funds, and perform ance bonds.

2. Each holder of business license for forest ut ilisat ion as referred t o in Art icle 27
and Art icle 29 shall be obliged t o allocat e invest m ent funds for forest
conservat ion.

3. Each holder of business license for t he collect ion of forest product s as referred
t o in Art icle 27 and Art icle 29 shall be subj ect t o forest rent t ax only.

4. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , ( 2) and paragraph ( 3) shall
be regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.
Art icle 36

1. Ut ilisat ion of right forest shall be undert aken by t he concerned holders of t he
land, in accordance wit h t he forest 's funct ion.

2. Ut ilisat ion of right forest wit h prot ect ion and conservat ion funct ions shall be
undert aken as long as it does not dist urb t hose funct ions.
Art icle 37

1. Ut ilisat ion of " adat " forest shall be undert aken by concerned cust om ary
com m unit ies, in accordance wit h t he forest 's funct ion.

2. Ut ilisat ion of " adat " forest wit h prot ect ion and conservat ion funct ions shall be
undert aken as long as it does not dist urb t hose funct ions.
Art icle 38

1. Use of forest area for developm ent needs for non- forest ry purposes can only
be m ade in product ion and prot ect ion forest areas.

2. Use of forest area as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) can be m ade wit hout
changing t he m ain funct ion of forest area.

3. Use of forest area for m ining act ivit ies shall be based on a license of lend- use
issued by t he Minist er, t aking area lim it at ions, t im efram e and environm ent al
sust ainabilit y int o account .

4. Open- cast m ining is prohibit ed in prot ect ion forest .
5. Lend- use license as referred t o in paragraph ( 3) , which have significant , wide
and st rat egic im pact s, shall be grant ed by t he Minist er upon approval of t he
House of Represent at ion.
Art icle 39
Provisions on t he im plem ent at ion of forest ut ilisat ion and use of forest area as
referred t o in Art icle 27, Art icle 29, Art icle 34, Art icle 36, Art icle 37 and Art icle 38 shall
be furt her regulat ed in a Governm ent Regulat ion.
Part Four
Forest Rehabilit at ion and Reclam at ion
Art icle 40
Forest and land rehabilit at ion shall be int ended t o recover, m aint ain and im prove t he
forest and land funct ions so t hat it s carrying capacit y, product ivit y and role as t he
support ing life syst em can be m aint ained.
Art icle 41

1. Forest and land rehabilit at ion shall be im plem ent ed t hrough t he following
act ivit ies:

a. reforest at ion,
b. regreening
c. t ending,
d. enrichm ent plant ing, or
e. applicat ion of soil conservat ion t hrough veget at ive and m echanical
m eans on crit ical and non- product ive lands

2. Rehabilit at ion act ivit ies as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) shall be undert aken in
all forest s and forest areas except in nat ure reserve and core zone of nat ional
park.
Art icle 42

1. Forest and land rehabilit at ion shall be im plem ent ed based on specific
biophysics condit ions.

2. Forest and land rehabilit at ion shall be im plem ent ed, prim arily t hrough
part icipat ory approach, in t he fram ework of com m unit y developm ent and
em powerm ent .

3. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , and paragraph ( 2) shall be
regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.
Art icle 43

1. Each person having, m anaging and or ut ilising crit ical or unproduct ive forest s
shall be obliged t o rehabilit at e t he forest s for prot ect ion and conservat ion
purposes.

2. I n im plem ent ing t he rehabilit at ion as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , every
person can require assist ance, service and support of non- governm ent al
organisat ions, ot her part ies or governm ent .
Art icle 44

1. Forest reclam at ion as referred t o in Art icle 21 point ( c) is an effort t o im prove
and recover dam aged land and forest veget at ion t o rest ore it t o it s origin t o
funct ion in an opt im al way.

2. Reclam at ion act ivit ies as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) include invent ory of
locat ions, designat ion of locat ion, planning and im plem ent at ion.

3. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , and paragraph ( 2) shall be
regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.
Art icle 45

1. Use of forest area as referred t o in Art icle 38 paragraph ( 1) which causes forest
dam age, shall be followed by reclam at ion and/ or rehabilit at ion wit h regard t o
guidelines st ipulat ed by governm ent .

2. Reclam at ion in ex- m ining areas m ust be undert aken by holders of m ining
licenses in accordance wit h t he st ages of m ining act ivit ies.

3. Part ies who use forest areas for non- forest ry purposes and caused changes t o
soil surface and veget at ion cover shall be obliged t o pay reclam at ion and
rehabilit at ion perform ance bonds.

4. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , paragraph ( 2) and
paragraph ( 3) shall be regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.
Part Five
Forest Prot ect ion and Nat ure Conservat ion
Art icle 46
Forest prot ect ion and nat ure conservat ion shall be aim ed at keeping t he forest s,
forest area and it s environm ent so t hat prot ect ion, conservat ion and product ion
funct ions can be secured in opt im al and sust ainable ways.
Art icle 47
Prot ect ion of forest and forest area shall be an effort t o:

a. prevent and lim it t he dest ruct ion of forest s, forest area and forest product s as
a result of hum an and anim al conduct s, fires, nat ural hazards, pest and
diseases; and

b. m aint ain and keep t he st at e, com m unit y and individual's right s over forest ,
forest area, forest product s, invest m ent and inst rum ent s pert aining t o forest
m anagem ent .
Art icle 48

1. Governm ent cont rol t he forest prot ect ion, undert aken eit her wit hin or out side
forest area.

2. Forest prot ect ion wit hin st at e forest shall be undert aken by governm ent .
3. Holders of forest ut ilisat ion license as referred t o in Art icle 27 and Art icle 29,
and ot her part ies who are grant ed t he aut horit y t o m anage t he forest as
referred t o in Art icle 34, shall be obliged t o prot ect t he forest s in t heir working
area.

4. Forest prot ect ion wit hin right forest shall be undert aken by t he holder of right s.
5. To secure it s sound im plem ent at ion, com m unit y shall be involved in effort s of
forest prot ect ion.

6. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , paragraph ( 2) , paragraph
( 3) , paragraph ( 4) and paragraph ( 5) shall be regulat ed by a Governm ent
Regulat ion.
Art icle 49
Holders of right s or licenses shall be responsible for forest fires occurring in t heir
working area.
Art icle 50

1. Any person is prohibit ed t o dest roy t he infrast ruct ure and facilit ies of forest
prot ect ion.

2. Anybody who has received t he license of forest area use; t he license of ut ilising
environm ent al services, t he right of t im ber and non- t im ber forest product
ut ilisat ion, t he license of t im ber and non- t im ber forest product collect ion; is
not allowed t o undert ake any act ivit ies leading t o forest dam age.

3. No one is allowed t o:
a. cult ivat e and/ or use and/ or occupy illegally a forest area;
b. encroach a forest area;
c. cut t rees wit hin a radius or dist ance up t o:
1. 500 ( five hundred) m et ers from t he edge of a lake;
2. 200 ( t wo hundred) m et ers from t he edge of wat er sources and
along side rivers in a swam p area;

3. 100 ( hundred) m et ers alongside of rivers;
4. 50 ( fift y) m et ers along sides of st ream s
5. 2 ( t wo) t im es t he dept h of ravine from t he edge of ravine;
6. 130 ( one hundred t hirt y) t im es t he difference bet ween t he
highest and t he lowest t ide, m easured from t he coast line

d. burn t he forest s;
e. cut t rees or harvest or collect any forest product s wit hin t he forest area
wit hout holding any right s or license issued by aut horised officials;

f. receive, buy or sell, receive as an exchange, receive as an ent rust ed
goods, keep or possess any forest product s which were allegedly
harvest ed from a forest area t hrough an illegal way.

g. undert ake general invest igat ion, act ivit ies, explorat ion or exploit at ion
of m ine m at erials wit hin t he forest area wit hout Minist er's approval;

h. carry, possess or keep forest product s wit hout being accom panied by
any legal docum ent ;

i. graze livest ock wit hin t he forest area which is not assigned specifically
by aut horised officials for t hat purpose;

j. bring heavy equipm ent or ot her t ools which are com m only used or will
presum ably be used for loading forest product s wit hin forest area,
wit hout any legal aut horisat ion;

k. bring equipm ent which are com m only used for felling, cut t ing, cracking
t he t rees, wit hout any legal aut horisat ion;

l. t hrow any inflam m able m at erial int o t he forest area which m ay cause
forest fires and t hreat t he exist ence and sust ainabilit y of forest
funct ions; and

m. rem ove, carry, t ransport plant s and wildlife species which are not
prot ect ed by t he law, from forest area wit hout any legal aut horisat ion.

4. Furt her provisions concerning rem oval, carrying or loading act ions of
prot ect ed plant s and anim al species, shall be regulat ed by t he prevailing laws
and regulat ions.
Art icle 51

1. To ensure t he im plem ent at ion of forest prot ect ion, a special police
aut horisat ion shall be ext ended t o cert ain forest ry officials according t o t he
nat ure of t heir responsibilit ies.

2. The officials bearing t he special police aut horisat ion as referred t o in paragraph
( 1) shall be aut horised t o:

a. execut e a pat rol act ivit y wit hin forest area of his/ her legal t errit ory;
b. verify any papers or docum ent s concerning t he t ransport at ion of forest
product s wit hin forest area of his/ her legal t errit ory;

c. receive any inform at ion on crim inal act s pert aining t o forest s, forest
areas and forest product s;

d. seek any inform at ion and evidences of crim inal act pert aining t o forest s,
forest areas and forest product s;

e. in a red- handed case, have t he obligat ion t o cat ch t he suspect s of t he
crim inal act t o be brought t o aut horised officials;

f. prepare any report s and sign t he report s of t he crim inal act pert aining
t o forest s, forest areas and forest product s.
CHAPTER VI
FORESTRY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, EDUCATI ON AND TRAI NI NG AND
FORESTRY EXTENSI ON
Part One
General
Art icle 52

1. For t he sust ainable forest m anagem ent , qualified hum an resources,
charact erised by t he m ast ery of science and t echnology and by t heir beliefs in
God, t he Alm ight y, shall be developed t hrough research and developm ent ,
educat ion and t raining and forest ry ext ension in a cont inuous way.

2. The im plem ent at ion of research and developm ent , educat ion and t raining and
forest ry ext ension shall respect science and t echnology, t radit ional wisdom
and social and cult ural condit ions.

3. I n t he im plem ent at ion of research and developm ent , educat ion and t raining
and forest ry ext ension, governm ent m ust be obliged t o m aint ain and prevent
from st ealing t he rich germ plasm which is specific t o I ndonesia.
Part Two
Forest ry Research and Developm ent
Art icle 53

1. Forest ry research and developm ent shall be aim ed at enhancing t he nat ional
capacit y, cult ure, science and t echnology in forest adm inist rat ion.

2. Forest ry research and developm ent shall be aim ed at im proving t he capacit y
t o adm inist er forest s in order t o realise sust ainable forest m anagem ent and
im prove added values of forest product s.

1. Forest ry research and developm ent shall be im plem ent ed by governm ent , who
can cooperat e wit h universit ies, privat e sect ors and com m unit ies.

2. Governm ent shall encourage and creat e condit ions which are support ive t o
im proved capacit y t o cont rol, develop and ut ilise forest science and
t echnology.
Art icle 54

1. Governm ent , in cooperat ion wit h privat e sect ors and com m unit ies shall
publish result s of forest ry research and developm ent and develop an
inform at ion and service syst em for t he result s.

2. Governm ent shall be obliged t o prot ect t he findings in forest ry science and
t echnology in accordance wit h t he prevailing laws and regulat ions.

3. Licenses t o conduct a research in I ndonesia can be grant ed t o expat riat e
researchers by referring t o t he prevailing laws and regulat ions.
Part Three
Forest ry Educat ion and Training
Art icle 55

1. Forest ry educat ion and t raining shall be int ended t o develop and im prove
hum an resources' qualit y t o becom e skilled, professional, dedicat ed, honest ,
com m it t ed and well- behaved.

2. Forest ry educat ion and t raining shall be int ended t o build up hum an resources
who can cont rol and capable t o use and develop science and t echnology in
forest m anagem ent t hrough equal and sust ainable way, who has beliefs and
devout t o t he God.

3. Forest ry educat ion and t raining shall be im plem ent ed by governm ent , privat e
sect ors and com m unit ies.

4. Governm ent shall encourage and creat e t he condit ions which are support ive t o
t he im proved capacit y t o cont rol, develop and ut ilise forest science and
t echnology.
Part Four
Forest ry Ext ension
Art icle 56

1. The aim of forest ry ext ension is t o im prove knowledge, skill and change t he
m ent al at t it ude of com m unit y t o be capable of support ing forest ry
developm ent and be aware of t he im port ance of forest resources t o hum an life.

2. Forest ry ext ension shall be im plem ent ed by governm ent , privat e sect ors and
com m unit ies.

3. Governm ent shall encourage and creat e condit ions which are support ive t o t he
im plem ent at ion of forest ry ext ension.
Part Five
Funding and I nfrast ruct ure
Art icle 57

1. Privat e forest sect or shall be obliged t o provide invest m ent cost for forest ry
research and developm ent , educat ion and t raining and forest ry ext ension.

2. Governm ent shall allocat e forest area t o be used for support ing t he
im plem ent at ion of forest ry research and developm ent , educat ion and t raining
and forest ry ext ension.
Art icle 58

1. Furt her provisions on forest ry research and developm ent , educat ion and
t raining and forest ry ext ension shall be regulat ed by a Governm ent
Regulat ion.
CHAPTER VI I
SUPERVI SI ON
Art icle 59
Forest ry supervision shall be int ended t o observe, m onit or and evaluat e t he forest
adm inist rat ion t o achieve t he m axim um obj ect ives and t his will be used as feedback
for im provem ent and/ or revision of furt her regulat ions concerning forest
adm inist rat ion.
Art icle 60

1. Cent ral and local governm ent shall be obliged t o undert ake forest ry
supervision.

2. Com m unit ies and/ or individuals shall part icipat e in forest ry supervision.
Art icle 61
Governm ent shall be obliged t o undert ake a supervision t o forest adm inist rat ion,
conduct ed by local governm ent .
Art icle 62

Governm ent , local governm ent and com m unit ies shall undert ake a supervision t o
forest m anagem ent and ut ilisat ion, conduct ed by t hird part ies.
Art icle 63
I n im plem ent ing forest ry supervision as referred t o in Art icle 60 paragraph ( 1) ,
Governm ent and Local Governm ent have t he aut horit y t o m onit or, request necessary
inform at ion and exam ine t he im plem ent at ion of forest adm inist rat ion.
Art icle 64
Governm ent and com m unit ies shall undert ake supervision regarding im plem ent at ion
of forest m anagem ent which have nat ional and int ernat ional im pact s.
Art icle 65
Furt her provisions on forest ry supervision shall be regulat ed by a Governm ent
Regulat ion.
CHAPTER VI I I
DELEGATI ON OF AUTHORI TI ES
Art icle 66

1. I n im plem ent ing forest adm inist rat ion, Governm ent shall delegat e part s of
aut horit ies t o local governm ent .

2. Delegat ion of part of aut horit ies as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) shall be
int ended t o im prove t he efficiency of forest adm inist rat ion in t he fram ework of
local aut onom y.

3. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) and paragraph ( 2) , shall be
regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.
CHAPTER I X
CUSTOMARY LAW COMMUNI TY
Art icle 67

1. Cust om ary law com m unit y, as long as it exist and recognised shall have t he
right s t o:

a. collect forest product s for daily needs of concerned com m unit ies;
b. undert ake forest m anagem ent in accordance wit h prevailing cust om ary
laws which is not cont radict ing t he laws; and

c. be em powered for im proving t heir welfare.

2. Confirm at ion of exist ence and abolishm ent of cust om ary law com m unit y as
referred t o in paragraph ( 1) shall be st ipulat ed in Local Regulat ion.

3. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) and paragraph ( 2) , shall be
regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.
CHAPTER X
COMMUNI TY PARTI CI PATI ON
Art icle 68

1. Com m unit y has t he right t o enj oy a healt hy forest environm ent produced by
forest s

2. Apart from t he right as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , com m m unit y can:
a. ut ilise forest and forest product s in accordance wit h prevailing laws and
regulat ions;

b. be inform ed about plans of forest allocat ion, forest product ut ilisat ion
and forest ry inform at ion;

c. provide inform at ion, suggest ions and considerat ions for forest
developm ent ; and

d. undert ake supervision regarding t he im plem ent at ion of forest
developm ent , eit her direct ly or indirect ly.

3. Com m unit ies wit hin and around t he forest s shall have t he right t o receive a
com pensat ion for loosing access t o t heir surrounding forest s due t o it s
designat ion as forest area, in accordance wit h prevailing laws and regulat ions.

4. Every one has t he right t o get com pensat ion for loosing t heir ownership of land
due t o it s designat ion as forest area, in accordance wit h prevailing laws and
regulat ions.
Art icle 69

1. Com m unit ies shall be obliged t o part icipat e in m aint aining and prevent ing
forest areas from dist urbance and dam age.

2. I n im plem ent ing forest rehabilit at ion, com m unit y can request assist ance,
guidance and support from non- governm ent al organisat ions, ot her part ies or
governm ent .
Art icle 70

1. Com m unit y shall t ake part in t he forest ry developm ent .
2. Governm ent shall be obliged t o encourage people part icipat ion t hrough
various effect ive and efficient forest ry act ivit ies.

3. To encourage people's part icipat ion, governm ent and local governm ent can be
assist ed by forest ry st akeholders forum .

4. Furt her provisions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) and paragraph ( 2) shall be
regulat ed by a Governm ent Regulat ion.
CHAPTER XI
CLASS ACTI ON
Art icle 71

1. Com m unit y has t he right t o render class act ion t o a court and/ or report t o t he
law upholder on forest dam age which inflict s a loss on livelihood of com m unit y.

2. The right t o sue as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) is lim it ed t o claim s on forest
m anagem ent which is cont radict ing prevailing laws and regulat ions
Art icle 72
I f it is discovered t hat com m unit y suffers from pollut ion and/ or forest dam age which
affect s t heir life, t hen cent ral and local governm ent inst it ut ions, who are responsible
for forest ry affairs, can t ake necessary act ions in t he com m unit y's int erest .
Art icle 73

1. For holding a responsibilit y in forest m anagem ent , organisat ion in forest ry
affairs has a right t o render a class act ion in t he int erest of sust ainabilit y of
forest funct ions.

2. Organisat ions in forest ry affairs who has t he right t o render a class act ion as
referred t o in paragraph ( 1) should m eet t he following requirem ent s:

a. legal ent it y
b. t he organisat ion should clearly st at e in t heir st at ut es, t hat obj ect ives of
t he est ablishm ent are for t he int erest s of sust ainabilit y of forest
funct ions;

c. have already im plem ent ed act ivit ies in accordance wit h t heir st at ut es.
CHAPTER XI I
RESOLUTI ON OF FORESTRY CONFLI CTS

Art icle 74

1. Conflict s pert aining t o forest ry can be resolved in a court or out side a court ,
depending on t he opt ions t hat are volunt arily select ed by t he part ies involved.

2. When conflict resolut ion is select ed t o be out side a court , claim s can t hen be
m ade in a court if consensus is not achieved am ong part ies involved.
Art icle 75

1. Resolut ion of forest ry conflict s out side a court shall not be valid for crim inal
act s as regulat ed in t his Law.

2. Resolut ion of forest ry conflict s out side a court is int ended t o reach consensus
on ret urn of a right , m agnit ude of com pensat ion and/ or specific act ions
necessary for recovering t he funct ions of forest s.

3. I n resolut ion of forest ry conflict s out side a court as referred t o in paragraph ( 2) ,
a t hird part y can be used and assigned j oint ly by involved part ies or ot her
non- governm ent organisat ion t o assist in resolving t he conflict s.
Art icle 76

1. Resolut ion of forest ry conflict s in a court is int ended for a legal decision on
ret urn of a right , m agnit ude of com pensat ion and/ or specific act ions t o be
t aken by t he loosing part y.

2. Besides a decision t o carry out cert ain act ions as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) ,
and if t hese act ion are not carried out on t im e, t he court can punish t he guilt y
part y t o cash paym ent on a daily basis.
CHAPTER XI I I
I NVESTI GATI ON
Art icle 77

1. Apart from t he invest igat ing officials of t he Police Depart m ent of t he Republic
of I ndonesia, t he Civil Servant Official whose scope of t asks and
responsibilit ies cover forest ry affairs shall be grant ed a special aut horit y as
invest igat ing officers as referred t o in Law of Crim inal Procedure.

2. The invest igat ion officer as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) shall be aut horised t o:
a. invest igat e int o report and inform at ion on crim inal act s pert aining t o
forest , forest areas and forest product s;

b. int errogat e suspect of crim inal act s pert aining t o forest s, forest areas
and forest product s;

c. check ident it y card of a person in t he forest area or his/ her legal
t errit ory.

d. confiscat e evidences of crim inal act s pert aining t o forest s, forest areas
and forest product s;

e. request inform at ion or evidence from a person or a body regarding t he
crim inal act pert aining t o forest s, forest areas and forest product s;

f. cat ch and arrest a suspect , under coordinat ion and supervision of
invest igat ing officials of t he Police Depart m ent of t he Republic of
I ndonesia in accordance wit h Law of Crim inal Procedure

g. prepare and sign an official report .
h. t erm inat e an invest igat ion in case of inadequat e evidence on t he
crim inal act pert aining t o forest s, forest areas and forest product s.

3. The invest igat ing officer as referred t o in paragraph ( 1) shall inform t he
com m encem ent of t he invest igat ion and report t he result s of t he invest igat ion
t o t he Prosecut or General, in accordance wit h Law of Crim inal Procedure.
CHAPTER XI V
PROVI SI ONS OF CRI MI NAL CONDUCTS
Art icle 78

1. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions of Art icle 50, paragraph ( 1) or
Art icle 50 paragraph ( 2) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o
a m axim um of 10 ( t en) years and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp.
5,000,000,000,- ( five billion rupiah) .

2. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions of Art icle 50 paragraph ( 3)
let t er ( d) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o a m axim um of
15 ( fift een) years and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp. 5,000,000,000.,- ( five
billion rupiah) .

3. Whosoever, due t o negligence, violat es t he provisions of Art icle 50 paragraph
( 3) let t er ( d) shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o a m axim um
of 5 ( five) years and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp. 1,500,000,000,- ( one
billion five hundred m illion rupiah) .

4. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions of Art icle 50 paragraph ( 3)
let t er ( e) or let t er ( f) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o a
m axim um of 10 ( t en) years and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp.
5,000,000,000,- ( five billion rupiah) .

5. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions of Art icle 38 paragraph ( 4) and
Art icle 50 paragraph ( 3) let t er ( g) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by
im prisonm ent up t o a m axim um of 10 ( t en) years and a fine up t o a m axim um
of Rp. 5,000.000.000,- ( five billion rupiah) .

6. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions of Art icle 50 paragraph ( 3)
let t er ( h) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o a m axim um of
5 ( five) years and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp. 10,000,000,000.,- ( t en billion
rupiah) .

7. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions of Art icle 50 paragraph ( 3)
let t er ( i) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o a m axim um of 3
( t hree) m ont hs and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp. 10,000,000,- ( t en m illion
rupiah) .

8. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions of Art icle 50 paragraph ( 3)
let t er ( j ) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o a m axim um of
5 ( five) years and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp. 5,000,000,000,- ( five billion
rupiah) .

9. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions as referred t o in Art icle 50
paragraph ( 3) let t er ( k) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o
a m axim um of 3 ( t hree) years and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp.
1,000,000,000,- ( one billion rupiah) .

10. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions of Art icle 50 paragraph ( 3)
let t er ( l) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o a m axim um of 3
( t hree) years and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp. 1,000,000,000,- ( one billion
rupiah) .

11. Whosoever int ent ionally violat es t he provisions of Art icle 50 paragraph ( 3)
let t er ( m ) , shall be liable t o punishm ent by im prisonm ent up t o a m axim um of
1 ( one) year and a fine up t o a m axim um of Rp. 50,000,000,- ( fift y m illion
rupiah) .

12. Act ions referred t o in paragraph ( 1) , paragraph ( 2) , paragraph ( 3) , paragraph
( 4) , paragraph ( 5) , paragraph ( 6) , paragraph ( 7) , paragraph ( 9) , paragraph

( 10) , and paragraph ( 11) shall be defined as crim inal conduct s, while act ions
as referred in paragraph ( 8) , and paragraph ( 12) shall be defined as violat ions.

13. Act ions referred t o in Art icle 50 paragraph ( 1) , paragraph ( 2) , and paragraph
( 3) , if m ade by and/ or one behalf of a legal business ent it y, t he legal act ions
and crim inal sanct ions should be im posed on t he board of m anagem ent , eit her
individually or j oint ly, who shall be liable t o punishm ent in accordance wit h
respect ive sanct ion wit h an addit ion of 1/ 3 ( one t hird) of t he decided
sanct ions.

14. All forest product s harvest ed as a result of crim inal act and violat ion and/ or all
equipm ent including t ransport m eans used in t he crim inal act and/ or t he
violat ion as referred t o in t his art icle shall be confiscat ed for t he st at e.
Art icle 79

1. St at e's propert y such as forest product s and ot hers which have been eit her
found and/ or confiscat ed due t o crim inal act s or violat ions as referred t o in
Art icle 78 shall be auct ioned for t he St at e.

2. Those officials who deserve because of t heir effort s t o save St at e Propert ies as
referred t o in paragraph ( 1) shall be given an incent ive which will be allocat ed
from proceedings of t he auct ion.

3. Furt her provision as referred t o in paragraph ( 2) shall be regulat ed by t he
Minist er.
CHAPTER XV
COMPENSATI ON AND ADMI NI STRATI VE SANCTI ON
Art icle 80

1. Wit hout abridging t he crim inal sanct ion ( s) as referred t o in Art icle 78, t he
responsible part ies violat ing t he Law regulat ed in t his Act shall be obliged t o
pay due com pensat ion t o t he st at e according t o int ensit y of dam ages or effect s
t hereof, for t he cost s of rehabilit at ion, forest recovery or ot her necessary
act ions.

2. Each holder of a business license for forest area ut ilisat ion; ut ilisat ion of
environm ent al services, forest product s ut ilisat ion, forest product collect ion,
and violat es t he st ipulat ions of crim inal conduct s as referred t o in Art icle 78
shall be subj ect t o adm inist rat ive sanct ions.

3. Fur