01 Cardiovascular disease CAD Clinical

Cardiovascular disease: CAD
Clinical
Treatment
1. Anonymous

Clinical

Practice

Guidelines:

Management

of

Unstable

Angina/Non ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (UA/NSTEMI). 2011;.
2. Anonymous Clinical

Practice


Guidelines: Management of

Acute

ST

Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) - (2nd Edition). Ministry
of Health Malaysia 2007;.
3. Gunn J, Crossman D, Grech ED, et al. New developments in percutaneous
coronary

intervention.

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2003;327(7407):150-153

http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?
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4. Hassan Y, Kassab Y, Abd Aziz N, et al. The impact of pharmacist-initiated
interventions in improving acute coronary syndrome secondary prevention
pharmacotherapy

prescribing

upon

discharge.

J

Clin

Pharm

Ther

2013;38(2):97-100

5. Kamaliah MD, Sanjay LD. Rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure following
a switchover of therapy between two fibric acid derivatives. Singapore
Med J 2001;42(8):368-372 http://www.sma.org.sg/smj/4208/4208a5.pdf.
6. Kassab YW, Hassan Y, Aziz NA, et al. Use of evidence-based therapy for
the secondary prevention of acute coronary syndromes in Malaysian
practice. J Eval Clin Pract 2013;19(4):658-663.
7. Kim HS, Wu Y, Lin SJ, et al. Current status of cholesterol goal attainment
after statin therapy among patients with hypercholesterolemia in Asian
countries and region: the Return on Expenditure Achieved for Lipid
Therapy in Asia (REALITY-Asia) study. Curr Med Res Opin 2008;24(7):19511963.
8. Koh AS, Khin LW, Choi LM, et al. Percutaneous coronary intervention in
Asians--are there differences in clinical outcome? BMC Cardiovasc Disord
2011;11:22-2261-11-22.
9. Lee YY, Tee MH, Zurkurnai Y, et al. Thrombolytic failure with streptokinase
in acute myocardial infarction using electrocardiogram criteria. Singapore
Med J 2008;49(4):304-310

http://smj.sma.org.sg/4904/4904a5.pdf.
10.Noraida MS, Azmi S, Rosnani H. Bleeding risk factors with enoxaparin for
patients with NSTEMI / UA in HUKM. Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

2008;6(1):23-34
http://www.fskb.ukm.my/jurnal/jilid%206(1)2008/Noraida%20Mohamed
%20Shah%20et%20al..pdf.
11.O I, M O, A AS, et al. Evaluation of Aspirin and Clopidogrel resistance in
patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome by using Adenosine Diposphate
Test and Aspirin Test. Pak J Med Sci 2013;29(1):97-102.
12.Peyman M, Subrayan V. Irreversible blindness following intravenous
streptokinase. JAMA Ophthalmol 2013;131(10):1368-1369.
13.Quek DKL. Clinical Practice Guidelines on UA/NSTEMI. Ministry of Health
Malaysia, Academy of Medicine of Malaysia, National Heart Association of
Malaysia 2002;.
14.Robaayah Z. Clinical Practice Guidelines on Acute Myocardial Infarction.
National Heart Association of Malaysia, Academy of Medicine of Malaysia,
Ministry of Health Malaysia 2001;.
15.Robaayah Z, Kwok OH, Javier S, et al. Clinical use of clopidogrel in acute
coronary syndrome. Int J Clin Pract 2007;61(3):473-481
16.Selvarajah S, Fong AY, Selvaraj G, et al. Impact of cardiac care variation on
ST-elevation myocardial infarction outcomes in Malaysia. Am J Cardiol
2013;111(9):1270-1276
17.Tan HJ. Controversy of proton pump inhibitor and clopidogrel interaction: a

review. J Dig Dis 2010;11(6):334-342
18.Thuraisingham S, Tan KH, Chong KS, et al. A randomised comparison of
simvastatin versus simvastatin and low cholesterol diet in the treatment of
hypercholesterolaemia. Int J Clin Pract 2000;54(2):78-84.
19.. Yee GY, Trinh D, Bland JM, et al. Optimising the dichotomy limit for left
ventricular ejection fraction in selecting patients for defibrillator therapy
after

myocardial

infarction.

Heart

2007;93(7):832-836

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1994461/pdf/832.pdf.

Epidemiology
1. Ahmad WA, Ramesh SV, Robaayah Z. Malaysia-ACute CORonary

syndromes Descriptive study (ACCORD): evaluation of compliance with

existing guidelines in patients with acute coronary syndrome. Singapore
Med J 2011;52(7):508-511 http://smj.sma.org.sg/5207/5207a7.pdf.
2. Chiam PTL, Abdullah F, Chow HK, et al. The ethnic characteristics and
prevalence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia in
patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting in Hospital
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Med J Malaysia 2002;57(4):460-466.
3. Chin SP, Jeyaindran S, Azhari R, et al. Acute coronary syndrome (ACS)
registry--leading the charge for National Cardiovascular Disease (NCVD)
Database. Med J Malaysia 2008;63 Suppl C:29-36.
4. Chong AY, Rajaratnam R, Hussein NR, et al. Heart failure in a multiethnic
population in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Eur J Heart Fail 2003;5(4):569-574.
5. Idris N, Aznal SS, Chin SP, et al. Acute coronary syndrome in women of
reproductive age. Int J Womens Health 2011;3:375-380.
6. Ismail MN, Chee SS, Nawawi H, et al. Obesity in Malaysia. Obes Rev
2002;3(3):203-208
http://site.ppk.com.my/Clients/ppkcommy/obesity_and_metabolic_risk_in_a
sians.pdf.
7. Khoo KL, Tan H, Liew YM, et al. Lipids and coronary heart disease in Asia.

Atherosclerosis 2003;169(1):1-10.
8. Khoo KL, Tan H, Liew YM. Familial hyperlipidaemia in Malaysian children.
Med

J

Malaysia

2000;55(2):249-258

http://www.e-

mjm.org/2000/v55n2/Familial_Hyperlipidaemia.pdf.
9. Khor GL. Cardiovascular epidemiology in the Asia-Pacific region. Asia Pac J
Clin

Nutr

2001;10(2):76-80


http://apjcn.nhri.org.tw/server/APJCN/10/2/76.pdf.
10.Lee CY, Hairi NN, Wan Ahmad WA, et al. Are there gender differences in
coronary artery disease? The Malaysian National Cardiovascular Disease
Database - Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (NCVD-PCI) Registry. PLoS
One 2013;8(8):e72382.
11.Liew HB, Rosli MA, Wan Azman WA, et al. The foundation of NCVD PCI
Registry: the Malaysia's first multi-centre interventional cardiology project.
Med J Malaysia 2008;63 Suppl C:41-44.
12.Lu HT, Nordin RB. Ethnic differences in the occurrence of acute coronary
syndrome: results of the Malaysian National Cardiovascular Disease
(NCVD) Database Registry (March 2006- February 2010). BMC Cardiovasc
Disord 2013;13(1):97.

13.Ma NH, Teh CL, Rapaee A, et al. Subclinical coronary artery disease in
Asian rheumatoid arthritis patients who were in remission: a pilot study. Int
J Rheum Dis 2010;13(3):223-229.
14.Mak KH, Kark JD, Chia KS, et al. Ethnic variations in female vulnerability
after an acute coronary event. Heart 2004;90(6):621-626.
15.Mak KH, Kark JD, Chia KS, et al. Ethnic differences in utilization of invasive
cardiac procedures and in long-term survival following acute myocardial

infarction. Clin Cardiol 2004;27(5):275-280
16.Mohd Yunus A, Sherina MS, Nor Afiah MZ, et al. The prevalence of
hypertension and smoking in the subdistrict of Dengkil, Selangor.
Malaysian

Journal

of

Public

Health

Medicine

2003;3(2):5-9

http://www.mjphm.org.my/mjphm/journals/Volume
%203%20(2)%20:%202003/5-9.pdf.
17.Murty OP, Seng LK, Nuraeiniza I, et al. Female deaths due to cardiac

causes in Malaysia: 10 years autopsy review. Malaysian Journal of Forensic
Pathology & Science 2007;2(1):9-19
http://www.forensiknet.com/journal/March_2007.pdf.
18.Muthupalaniappen L, Menon RK, Das S. Acute myocardial infarction in an
adolescent. Saudi Med J 2012;33(2):197-200.
19.Naidu BR, Ngeow YF, Pang T. Ethnic distribution of Chlamydophila
pneumoniae antibodies in a Malaysian population and possible correlation
with coronary heart disease. Eur J Epidemiol 2003;18(2):135-137.
20.Nawawi HM, Nor IM, Noor IM, et al. Current status of coronary risk factors
among rural Malays in Malaysia. J Cardiovasc Risk 2002;9(1):17-23
21.Norazmi A, Idris MN, Osman A. Prevalence of Coronary Risk Factors:
Fisherman vs Non-fisherman in Tumpat Kelantan. Sains Malaysiana
2000;29:11-18
http://www.ukm.my/jsm/english_journals/vol29_2000/vol29_00page1118.html
22.Norazmi A, Md Idris MN. Prevalence of coronary heart disease risk factors
among fisherman in Tumpat, Kelantan, 1994. Jurnal Kesihatan Masyarakat
2006;12(1).
23.Rashidi A, Rashdan R, Nik Hisamudin, Nik Abdul Rahman, et al.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of red tag patients and their oneweek mortality rate from the emergency department of the Hospital
Universiti Sains Malaysia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health


2009;40(6):1322-1330 http://www.tm.mahidol.ac.th/seameo/2009-40-6/224632.pdf.
24.Rosnah R, Fadhli Y, Zainal Ariffin O. Survey on first aid and CPR among
health

personnel

in

Malaysia.

NCD

Malaysia

2005;4(4):3-10

http://www.dph.gov.my/ncd/bulletin/Oct_Dec05/03.Survey%20on
%20first.pdf.
25.Sherina MS, Nor Afiah MZ, Mustaqim A. Prevalence of depression with
chronic illness among the elderly in a rural community in Malaysia. Asia
Pac

Fam

Med

2003;2(4):196-199

http://www.apfmj-

archive.com/afm2.4/afm_100.pdf.
26.Wan Azman WA, Rosli MA, Mehrunnissa K, et al. The journey of Malaysian
NCVD-PCI

(National

Cardiovascular

Disease

Database-Percutaneous

Coronary Intervention) Registry: a summary of three years report. Int J
Cardiol 2013;165(1):161-164
27.Wan Azman WA, Sim KH. Annual Report of the Percutaneous Coronary
Intervention

(PCI)

Registry,

2007-2009.

Kuala

Lumpur:

National

Cardiovascular Disease Database, 2011.

28.

Wan Azman WA, Sim KH. Annual Report of the NCVD-ACS Registry

2007 & 2008. Kuala Lumpur: National Cardiovascular Disease Database,
2010
29.Wan Azman WA, Sim KH. Annual Report of the National Cardiovascular
Disease Database (NCVD): Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) Registry. Kuala
Lumpur: National Cardiovascular Disease Database, 2006.
30.Yusoff K. Vitamin E in cardiovascular disease: has the die been cast? Asia
Pac

J

Clin

Nutr

2002;11

Suppl

7:S443-7

http://apjcn.nhri.org.tw/server/APJCN/11/s5/S443.pdf.

Clinical studies
1. Anita S, Md Idris MN. Risk factors of coronary heart disease among male
patients in Kuala Lumpur Hospital : a case-control study, 1995. Jurnal
Kesihatan Masyarakat 2006;12(1).

2. Azarisman SM, Magdi YA, Noorfaizan S, et al. Myocardial infarction induced
by appetite suppressants in Malaysia. N Engl J Med 2007;357(18):18731874.

3. . Bulgiba AM, Razaz M. How well can signs and symptoms predict AMI in
the Malaysian population? Int J Cardiol 2005;102(1):87-93

4. Chong E, Shen L, Tan HC, et al. A cohort study of risk factors and clinical
outcome predictors for patients presenting with unstable angina and non
ST segment elevation myorardial infraction undergoing coronary
intervention. Med J Malaysia 2011;66(3):249-252 http://www.emjm.org/2011/v66n3/Unstable_angina.pdf.

5. Dhanjal TS, Lal M, Haynes R, et al. A comparison of cardiovascular risk
factors among Indo-Asian and caucasian patients admitted with acute
myocardial infarction in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Birmingham, England.
Int J Clin Pract 2001;55(10):665-668.

6. Elhadi IE. Identification Of Factors Affecting Blood Pressure Control In
Patients Admitted With Hypertension In Penang General Hospital.
2007;Master of Science (Pharmacy).
7. Govindaraju K, Badruddin IA, Viswanathan GN, et al. Evaluation of
functional severity of coronary artery disease and fluid dynamics'
influence

on

hemodynamic

parameters:

A

review.

Phys

Med

2013;29(3):225-232.

8. . Gunasekaran R, Maskon O, Hassan HH, et al. Left atrial volume index is
an independent predictor of major adverse cardiovascular events in acute
coronary syndrome. Can J Cardiol 2012;28(5):561-566.

9. Jaya Purany, Stanley Ponniah, J.P., Shamsul AS, Mohamad Adam B.
Predictors of mortality in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI): Insights from
National Cardiovascular Disease Database (NCVD), Malaysia. Med J
Malaysia 2012;67(6):601-605 http://www.e-mjm.org/2012/v67n6/acutecoronary-syndrome-mortality.pdf.
10.Khalid Y. Coronary risk factors in Malaysia: precious little is known, ... still.
Med

J

Malaysia

2000;55(4):399-401

http://www.e-

mjm.org/2000/v55n4/Coronary_Risk_Factors.pdf.
11.Lee WL, Abdullah KL, Bulgiba AM, et al. Prevalence and predictors of
patient adherence to health recommendations after acute coronary
syndrome: data for targeted interventions? Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2013;.
12.Lua GW, Moy FM, Atiya AS. Coronary heart disease risk assessment among
the security staff in a public university. Malaysian Journal of Public Health
Medicine
http://www.mjphm.org.my/mjphm/journals/Volume
%204%20(1)%20:%202004/29-34.pdf

2004;4(1):29-34

13.Michael AJ, Saroja K, Badri-Alyeope F, et al. Patients with acute myocardial
infarction and unstable angina have significant levels of anteceding stress.
Hong

Kong

Journal

of

Psychiatry

2004;14(1):23-28

http://easap.asia/journal_file/0401_V14N1_p23.pdf.
14.Ng KK. Prediction of coronary heart disease using Framingham's model
among patients in family clinic. 2007;.
15.Nor Azila MI. Coronary risk factors and categories among adults attending
the Wellness Clinic, Pusat Perubatan Primer, HUKM. 2004;.
16.Omar AR, Ping C, Tan HC, et al. Clinical predictors of a positive troponin T
test in patients presenting with probable acute coronary syndromes. Med J
Malaysia

2005;60(1):50-53

http://www.e-

mjm.org/2005/v60n1/Acute_Coronary_Syndromes.pdf.
17.Purwanto, Eswaran C, Logeswaran R, et al. Prediction models for early risk
detection of cardiovascular event. J Med Syst 2012;36(2):521-531.
18.Raja Noor Ainon, Bulgiba AM, Lahsasna A. AMI screening using linguistic
fuzzy rules. J Med Syst 2012;36(2):463-473.
19.Tocharoenvanich P, Yipintsoi T, Choomalee K, et al. Risk factors for a fiveyear

death

in

the

interASIA-south

cohort.

J

Med

Assoc

Thai

2008;91(4):471-478.
20.Yeo CK, Hapizah MN, Khalid BA, et al. New coronary risk factors: is there a
difference between diabetic patients with microalbuminuria compared to
those without microalbuminuria? Med J Malaysia 2002;57(3):298-303
http://www.e-mjm.org/2002/v57n3/Coronary_Risk_Factors.pdf.
21.Yeow TP, Khir AS, Ismail AA, et al. Predictors of ischaemic heart disease in
a Malaysian population with the metabolic syndrome. Diabet Med
2012;29(11):1378-1384

Health management
1. Aniza I, Syafrawati, Saperi S, et al. Developing the cost for uncomplicated
acute st elevated myocardial infarction (Stemi primary percutaneous
coronary intervention) using step down and activity based costing at
UKMMC. Jurnal Kesihatan Masyarakat 2011;17(1):26-31
http://journalarticle.ukm.my/2415/1/Vol17(1)-Aniza2.pdf.

Health Behavior
1. Eng HS, Yean LC, Das S, et al. Anxiety and depression in patients with
coronary heart disease: a study in a tertiary hospital. Iran J Med Sci

2011;36(3):201-206
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3556768/.
2. Ho SE, Syed Zulkifli SZ, Gopal LR, et al. Anxiety and depression among
patients before and after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) at
National

Heart

lnstitute

(NHI).

Med

Health

2007;2(1):26-33

http://www.ppukm.ukm.my/ukmmcjournal/media/blogs/ukmmcjournal/Arch
ive/2007Vol2No1/02.%2026-33%20(MH%20028).pdf.
3. Kassab Y, Hassan Y, Abd Aziz N, et al. Patients' adherence to secondary
prevention pharmacotherapy after acute coronary syndromes. Int J Clin
Pharm 2013;35(2):275-280.
4. Leong JWS. Adherence To Medical Regimen And Health Advice Among Postmyocardial Infarction Patients. 2002;.
5. Michael AJ, Krishnaswamy S, Muthusamy TS, et al. Anxiety, depression and
psychosocial stress in patients with cardiac events. Malays J Med Sci
2005;12(1):57-63 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3349414/.
6. Michael AJ, Saroja K, Badri-Alyeope F, et al. Patients with acute myocardial
infarction and unstable angina have significant levels of anteceding stress.
Hong

Kong

Journal

of

Psychiatry

2004;14(1):23-28

http://easap.asia/journal_file/0401_V14N1_p23.pdf
7. Mohd Nazri S, Tengku MA, Winn T, et al. The association of shift work and
coronary heart disease risk factors among male factory workers in Kota
Bharu,

Kelantan.

Jurnal

Kesihatan

Masyarakat

2004;10:72-78

http://journalarticle.ukm.my/4444/1/2004-02nizam.pdf.
8. Shafie O, Zainal Ariffin O. Role of health promotion in management of
cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. NCD Malaysia 2003;2(2):25

http://www.dph.gov.my/ncd/bulletin/April_july03/02.Role%20of

%20health.pdf.
9. Sharmini AK. Social Support As A Predictor Of Depressive Symptoms And
Quality Of Life Among Women With Coronary Heart Disease Post
Hospitalization. 2007;.
10.Surianti S, Masoud M, Leeder SR. Life after myocardial infarction from the
perspective of Muslim patients and carers in Malaysia. Int J Cardiol 2013;.
11.Yary T, Soleimannejad K, Abd Rahim F, et al. Contribution of diet and major
depression to incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Lipids Health
Dis

2010;9:133-511X-9-133

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2994859/.

Case report
1. Abdullah F, Loon LG. An incidental finding of thymic carcinoid during
urgent CABG operation. Heart Surg Forum 2002;5(4):E35-6.
2. Abdullah F, Mazalan SL. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting in a
high-risk

dextrocardia

patient:

a

case

report.

Heart

Surg

Forum

2004;7(3):E186-8.
3. Harris Ngow A, Wan Khairina W. Anterior myocardial infarction associated
with myocardial bridging in a young man. International Medical Journal
(IIUM) 2010;9(2):67
4. Ismail

AR,

Subramaniam

R,

Sabiron

Z.

Total

arterial

coronary

revascularization in a patient with dextrocardia and "situs inversus totalis":
case

report.

IMR

Quarterly

Bulletin

2003;(55):21-22

http://ilmusvr.imr.gov.my/bulletin/Bulletin%20July%20Oct%202003.pdf

5. Jasmin R, Ng CT, Sockalingam S, et al. Myocardial infarction with normal
coronaries: an unexpected finding in a 13-year-old girl with systemic lupus
erythematosus. Lupus 2013
6. Liew CK, Leong WS. Coronary artery spasm (CAS) simulating inferior ST
elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Med J Malaysia 2012;67(1):108110 http://www.e-mjm.org/2012/v67n1/Coronary_artery_spasm.pdf.
7. Lim AL, Lam HY, Kareem BA, et al. A young patient with history of
Kawasaki disease presenting with triple vessel disease. Med J Malaysia
2012;67(2):219-221

http://www.e-mjm.org/2012/v67n2/Kawasaki-

disease.pdf.
8. Mohd Ramzisham AR, Joanna O, Talal A, et al. Coronary artery bypass graft
in a young adult, an emerging phenomenon: a case report. International
Medical Journal (IIUM) 2010;9(1):47
9. Oteh M, Azarisman SM, Hanim NM, et al. Severe left anterior descending
artery stenosis with proximal arteriovenous malformation presenting as
acute

myocardial

infarction.

Singapore

Med

J

2009;50(2):e76-8

http://smj.sma.org.sg/5002/5002cr10.pdf.

10.

Rahman MR, Min JO, Dimon MZ. Delayed ascending aortic dissection

following off-pump coronary bypass surgery in preexisting stanford B
dissection. Heart Surg Forum 2010;13(4):E273-4.

11.Sadiq MA, Azman W, Abidin IZ. Irreversible delayed complete heart block
secondary to jailed first septal perforator following PCI of the left anterior
descending coronary artery. J Invasive Cardiol 2012;24(1):E13-5.
12.Saraswathi S, Noorizan AA, Yahaya H, et al. Tuberculosis development in a
patient with chronic history of steroid abuse: a case report. Malaysian
Journal

of

Pharmaceutical

Sciences

2004;2(2):34-34

http://myais.fsktm.um.edu.my/6881/1/tuberculosis_vol2_no2(34)2004.pdf.
13.Tan KB, Lai SH, Wee KP. Left ventricular pseudoaneurysm: a case report
and discussion on differential diagnoses. Malays J Pathol 2003;25(2):135138.
14.Yew KL, Sim KH, Ong TK. Transcatheter closure of ventricular septal
rupture with Swan Ganz balloon. Med J Malaysia 2012;67(4):426-427
http://www.e-mjm.org/2012/v67n4/Ventricular-Septal-Rupture.pdf.
15.Zubaidah NH, Azim MI, Osama MH, et al. An unique case of thoracic
endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) graft infection with Streptococcus
viridans. Clin Ter 2012;163(1):27-29.

Others
1. Hassan NB, Choudhury SR, Naing L, et al. Inter-rater and intra-rater
reliability of the Bahasa Melayu version of Rose Angina Questionnaire. Asia
Pac J Public Health 2007;19(3):45-51
2. Ho SE, Ting CK, Das S, et al. The quality of life among coronary heart
disease patients at a teaching hospital. Clin Ter 2011;162(3):217-222.
3. Selvarajah S, Fong AY, Selvaraj G, et al. An Asian validation of the TIMI risk
score

for

ST-segment

2012;7(7):e40249

elevation

myocardial

infarction.

PLoS

One