School of Nature for Kindergarten and Primary Grade
Architecture Final Project The 67
th
Period, Second Semester of 2014/15 Academic Year
Architectural Theory and Programming
School of Nature for Kindergarten and Primary Grade
Design Accentuation
Harmony of Color, Form, and Space
Core Issue
Establishing a Close Relationship Between a Newly Created Object and Environment Thesis in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Architecture Bachelor
Submitted by:
Felix Yudianto – 11.11.0003
Supervised by:
Ir. Albertus Sidharta M., MT, IAI
(NIDN : 0612065701)
DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
FACULTY OF ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN
SOEGIJAPRANATA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY
April 2015
APPROVAL SHEET
Architecture Final Project The 67
th
Period, Second Semester of 2014/15 Academic Year Project Title : School of Nature for Kindergarten and Primary Grade Design Accentuation : Harmony of Color, Form, and Space Core Issue : Establishing a Close Relationship Between a Newly
Created Object and Environment Submitted by : Felix Yudianto Supervised by : Ir. Albertus Sidharta M., MT, IAI Examiners : Dr. Ir. A. Rudyanto Soesilo, MSA
Ir. Yulita Titik S., MT Ir. Afriyanto Sofyan S. B. MT., IAI
Semarang, April 2015 Approved
Dean Head Faculty of Architecture and Design Department of Architecture Ir. IM. Tri Hesti Mulyani, MT. Ir. FX. Bambang S, MT.
NIDN : 0611086201 NIDN : 0625116302
APPROVAL SHEET
Architecture Final Project The 67
th
Period, Second Semester of 2014/15 Academic Year Project Title : School of Nature for Kindergarten and Primary Grade Design Accentuation : Harmony of Color, Form, and Space Core Issue : Establishing a Close Relationship Between a Newly
Created Object and Environment Submitted by : Felix Yudianto Supervised by : Ir. Albertus Sidharta M., MT, IAI Examiners : Dr. Ir. A. Rudyanto Soesilo, MSA
Ir. Yulita Titik S., MT Ir. Afriyanto Sofyan S. B. MT., IAI
Semarang, April 2015 Approved
Supervisor Ir. Albertus Sidharta M., MT, IAI
NIDN : 0612065701 Examiner Examiner Examiner
Dr. Ir. A. Rudyanto S, MSA Ir. Yulita Titik S., MT Ir. Afriyanto Sofyan S. B. MT., IAI NIDN : 0020065402 NIDN : 0612066201 NIDN : 0616046301
AUTHENTICITY STATEMENT
Thesis submitted by : Name : Felix Yudianto
ID Number : 11.11.0003 Declare that architectural final project thesis, second semester of 2014/15 academic year, faculty of architecture and design, Soegijapranata Catholic University, Semarang. Project Title : School of Nature for Kindergarten and Primary Grade Design Accentuation : Harmony of Color, Form, and Space Core Issue : Establishing a Close Relationship Between a Newly
Created Object and Environment Supervised by : Ir. Albertus Sidharta M., MT, IAI NIDN : 0612065701 Is not a plagiarism thesis. If later there is found a plagiarism act in the making of thesis, the author ready to receive all the consequences.
Semarang, April 2015 Author
Felix Yudianto 11.11.0003
PREFACE
This architectural theory and programming expected to explain about a school of nature project. School is a formal institution. The offered teaching and education is based on applied curriculum. School of Nature is an institution for the process of being educated formally that provides an environment integrated with natural resources.
School of nature is pioneering innovative solutions for the full range of environmental, social, and educational issues that must be resolved.The goal of the project is to make people sure the importance of sustainable school that inspire healthier environment despite of educational function.
According to the nature, there is a goal to establishing a close relationship between a newly created object and environment. It is urgent to bring the philosophy back to the core of our education. This effort also give huge impact, so student can prepare themselves for the future.
Author would like to thank Mr. Ir. Albertus Sidharta M., MT, IAI for the guidance and tuition. Hopefully this program can explain about the outline of school building, and also can be guide for designing in the next phase.
Author,
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Approval Sheet ..................................................................................................................................................... ii Approval Sheet .................................................................................................................................................... iii Authenticity Statement ................................................................................................................................... iv Preface ..................................................................................................................................................................... v Table of Contents ............................................................................................................................................... vi List of Figures ...................................................................................................................................................... ix
1. INTRODUCTION TO PROJECT PROGRAMMING .............................................. 1
1.1. Background of the Project ............................................................................................................. 1 1.1.1. Initial Idea .................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.2. Reason and Motivation ........................................................................................................... 2
1.2. Goals and Objectives of the Project ............................................................................................ 2 1.2.1. Project Objectives ..................................................................................................................... 2 1.2.2. Benefits to be Achieved .......................................................................................................... 3
1.3. Scope of the Programming ............................................................................................................ 3 1.4. Method of the Programming ......................................................................................................... 3
1.4.1. Data Collection Methods ........................................................................................................ 3 1.4.2. Analysis Methods ...................................................................................................................... 4 1.4.3. Programming Methods ........................................................................................................... 4 1.4.4. Architectural Design Methods ............................................................................................. 5
1.5. Presentation of the Programming .............................................................................................. 6
2. PROJECT APPROACH ........................................................................................ 7
2.1. General Approach of the Project ................................................................................................. 7 2.1.1. Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 7
2.2. Scientific Approach of the Project ........................................................................................... 13 2.2.1. Terminology ............................................................................................................................. 13 2.2.2. Activities .................................................................................................................................... 14 2.2.3. Specifications and Design Requirements .................................................................... 15 2.2.4. Urban Issue ............................................................................................................................... 16 2.2.5. Similar Project Review ......................................................................................................... 19 2.2.6. Design Problem ....................................................................................................................... 32
2.3. Conclusions, Restrictions, Assumptions ............................................................................... 32
2.3.1. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................... 32 2.3.2. Restrictions ............................................................................................................................... 33 2.3.3. Assumptions ............................................................................................................................. 33
3. ANALYSIS OF THE ARCHITECTURE PROGRAM APPROACH ..................... 34
3.1. Analysis of Architectural Systems ........................................................................................... 34 3.1.1. Activities Studies .................................................................................................................... 34 3.1.2. Facility Studies ........................................................................................................................ 37 3.1.3. Specific Room Study .............................................................................................................. 47 3.1.4. Room Summary ...................................................................................................................... 63 3.1.5. Activities Classification ........................................................................................................ 63 3.1.6. Outdoor Indoor ....................................................................................................................... 64
3.2. Analysis of Building Systems ..................................................................................................... 64 3.2.1. Structure System & Enclosure .......................................................................................... 64 3.2.2. Utility System ........................................................................................................................... 70 3.2.3. Technology ................................................................................................................................ 78
3.3. Analysis of Environmental Systems ....................................................................................... 82 3.3.1. Location Choice ....................................................................................................................... 82 3.3.2. Site Selection ............................................................................................................................ 85
4. ARCHITECTURAL PROGRAM .......................................................................... 92
4.1. Programming Concepts ................................................................................................................ 92 4.2. Design Goals, Determinants, and Requirements ............................................................... 92
4.2.1. Design Goals ............................................................................................................................. 92 4.2.2. Design Determinants ............................................................................................................ 93 4.2.3. Design Requirements ........................................................................................................... 93
4.3. Architectural Program .................................................................................................................. 94 4.3.1. Program of Activity ............................................................................................................... 94 4.3.2. Program of Structure System ............................................................................................ 97 4.3.3. Program of Utility System .................................................................................................. 97 4.3.4. Program of Technology .................................................................................................... 100 4.3.5. Program of Location and Site ......................................................................................... 101
5. ARCHITECTURAL THEORY ............................................................................ 107
5.1. Design Accentuation ................................................................................................................... 107 5.1.1. Explanation ............................................................................................................................ 107 5.1.2. Precedent Study ................................................................................................................... 108 5.1.3. Possibility of Design Implementation ........................................................................ 110
5.2. Core Issues ...................................................................................................................................... 112 5.2.1. Explanation ............................................................................................................................ 112 5.2.2. Precedent Study ................................................................................................................... 113 5.2.3. Possibility of Design Implementation ........................................................................ 116
Bibliography ..................................................................................................................................................... 114 Appendix ............................................................................................................................................................ 116
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Children Activities in Nature ................................................................................................... 11 Figure 2. Building as Shelter ....................................................................................................................... 12 Figure 3. Map of Semarang City ................................................................................................................. 16 Figure 4. Map of Semarang City ................................................................................................................. 18 Figure 5. Kalorias Children’s Space .......................................................................................................... 19 Figure 6. Heathfield Primary School ........................................................................................................ 20 Figure 7. Fuji Kindergarten ......................................................................................................................... 21 Figure 8. Incheon Children Science Museum ....................................................................................... 22 Figure 9. BINUS Building (1) ....................................................................................................................... 23 Figure 10. BINUS Building (2) .................................................................................................................... 23 Figure 11. Facilities in BINUS ..................................................................................................................... 24 Figure 12. Shining Stars Kindergarten ................................................................................................... 25 Figure 13. Maria Regina School ................................................................................................................. 26 Figure 14. Kiddie Land Maps ...................................................................................................................... 27
Figure 15. Kiddie Land Outdoor Area ..................................................................................................... 27 Figure 16. Kiddie Land Dining Area ......................................................................................................... 28 Figure 17. Kiddie Land Classroom ............................................................................................................ 28 Figure 18. Kiddie Land Hall ......................................................................................................................... 29 Figure 19. Kiddie Land Terrace ................................................................................................................. 29 Figure 20. Kiddie Land Garden .................................................................................................................. 30 Figure 21. Kiddie Land Playground ......................................................................................................... 30 Figure 22. Kiddie Land Garden .................................................................................................................. 31 Figure 23. Classroom Module Type -‐ Kindergarten .......................................................................... 48 Figure 24. Classroom Module Type -‐ Primary ..................................................................................... 54 Figure 25. Playground Equipments ......................................................................................................... 58 Figure 26. Bookshelves Height ................................................................................................................... 58 Figure 27. Bookshelves Dimension .......................................................................................................... 59 Figure 28. Music Room .................................................................................................................................. 60 Figure 29. IT Room .......................................................................................................................................... 60 Figure 30. Building Mass .............................................................................................................................. 65 Figure 31. Building Opening and Wall .................................................................................................... 67
Figure 32. Exposed Concrete ...................................................................................................................... 68 Figure 33. Hollow Bricks .............................................................................................................................. 68 Figure 34. Glass ................................................................................................................................................. 68 Figure 35. Skylight ........................................................................................................................................... 69 Figure 36. Timber ............................................................................................................................................ 69 Figure 37. Stone ................................................................................................................................................ 70 Figure 38. Corridors ....................................................................................................................................... 71 Figure 39. Stairs ................................................................................................................................................ 71 Figure 40. Ramp ............................................................................................................................................... 72 Figure 41. Covered Walkway ...................................................................................................................... 72 Figure 42. Daylight .......................................................................................................................................... 75 Figure 43. Lighting Direction ...................................................................................................................... 76
Figure 44. Curtain Wall System ................................................................................................................. 78 Figure 45. Curtain Wall Glassing ............................................................................................................... 78 Figure 46. Laminated Glass ......................................................................................................................... 79 Figure 47. Tinted Glass .................................................................................................................................. 80 Figure 48. Cross Section ................................................................................................................................ 81 Figure 49. Courtyard ...................................................................................................................................... 81 Figure 50. Alternative 1 Map ...................................................................................................................... 85 Figure 51. Alternative 1 Graphic Map ..................................................................................................... 86 Figure 52. Alternative 1 Existing ............................................................................................................... 86 Figure 53. Alternative 2 Map ...................................................................................................................... 87 Figure 54. Alternative 2 Graphic Map ..................................................................................................... 87 Figure 55. Alternative 2 Existing ............................................................................................................... 88 Figure 56. Botanical Garden (1) ............................................................................................................. 104 Figure 57. Botanical Garden (2) ............................................................................................................. 104 Figure 58. Googleplex Exterior ............................................................................................................... 108 Figure 59. Googleplex Interior ................................................................................................................ 109 Figure 60. Googleplex Interior ................................................................................................................ 110 Figure 61. Taoism Symbol ......................................................................................................................... 113 Figure 62. Garden School (1) ................................................................................................................... 114 Figure 63. Garden School (2) ................................................................................................................... 115 Figure 64. Garden School Soccer Field ................................................................................................ 116