The effects of vocabulary preteaching and prequestioning technique and pictorial context and prequestioning technique on the reading comprehension achievement of the sixth grade of Elementary School pupils - Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Repo

APPEI{DICES

The Pupils' English Scoreson the Report of the Last S€mester
No
I
2
4
5
6

7
I

I
10
11

12
a2

14

.tR

16
18
19
20
21
22
z5

25
26

VI A
60
60
60
90
7A
60

80
70
50
80
70
60
80
80
60
70
70
60
80
50
OU

50
80
80
IU

90

VIB
50
50
70
60

v] c
50
70
70
80

tu

60
70
60

80
70
50
70
50

90
70
60
60

70

60
60

70
60
80

60
60
70
90
60
70
50
70
80

60
50
70
IU

qn

60
60
50

90
80
50

60
60
90
60

27
28

29
30

31
32
33
34
35

36
37
38
39
40

80
80
70
50
80
60
80
70
70
80
80
50
60

41

70

42
43
44
45
46
47

70
50
70
60
80
70

80
50

70
60
90
70
80
90
50
60
90
70
80
70
70
80
70

SD

TU

80
90
90
70

70
80
70
70
70
60
70

5U

70
90

60

70

80

48

Total
n
Mean

70
70
50
50
80

bU

324/J
47
68.94
11.08

32J20
47
68.51
12.16

3250
48
67-71
12.O4

57

The Calculation for the English Scores on the Reports
No

J

6
7
8
9

'10
11
1a

14
15
to

17
18
19

43

s0

44

70

4900

2500
2500
4900

OU

JOUU

JI

4900
3600
4900
3600

JZ

6400

36

80
7A
60
80
80
60
70

70
60
70
60
80
70
50
70
50
70
70
60

4900
2500
4900

5t

7Q

4900

80

50

20

3U

a1

OU

z3

50
80

3600
6400
2500
3600
2500
6400

80

6400

70

4900

24
25

42

50
50
70

70
60
80
70

5

8100 80
6400
80
6400 _ qq
4900
70
2500 60
6400 90
3600 7 0
6400 8 0
4900 90
4900 50
6400
60
4900 90
6400
70
2500
80
3600 70
4900
70
4900
80
2500 70

3600
3600
3600
8100
4900
3600
6400
4900
2500
6400
4900
3600
6400
6400
3600
4900

60
60
60

1

2

90
80
80
70
50
80
60
80
70
70
80
70
80
50
60
70
70

26
27
28
29
30

ClassVl A

ClassVl B

(xA) (x'A) (xB ) (X"B)

60
80

f!!LQ!-FI\r

60
60
70
90
60
70
50
70

ICUU

4900
4900
3600
6400
3600
3600
4900
8 10 0
3600
4900
2500
4900

JJ

34

38
39
40
41

60

50

3600 70
46
80
6400
90
70
4900
47
80
Total 3240 229000 3220
n
47
47
Mean 68.94
68.51
SD 11.08
12.16

6400
6400

?500
4900

3600
8100
4900
6400
8100
2500
3600
8100
4900
6400
4900
4900
6400
4900
2500

4900
8 10 0
6400
227400

POTHESES

L Ho . pA: pB, therelas no significantdillerencebetn'een
themeanclasses
Ha : pA * lr8. therenas significantdifferencebetneenthe meanclasses.
2. t-test-l'here df : nA + nB - 2 - 92
t(.05)- 1.658

5ti

3

(to):
for t observation
Calculation
A: prctoridconte\tandprequestioning

.i---

(rfl.9-l

n: 17

n

"t
.-!

ntr: - (Ix)'?

11 . 0 8

n ( n-l)

6 85 1
n

,: [

\

_ (rrf
" f . ("r)
,,

t2.t6

( )I.u
1. Conclusron:
to < t table.thusHo n'asaccepted.
Because
So le concludedthatat a 0.05lelel thereuas no significantdifference
betneenthe classes.It meantboth classes.classA and classB had more or
lessthe samelevelol intellisence.

The Calculationfor DiscriminationPowerand Difficulty lndex Try Out
Scores(ClassVI C)
SubtectNumber
4

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
I

1
1
15 1
24 1
25 1
JI
1
38 1
43 1
1
1
1C 1
tc
1
21 1
t5
1

I
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

o

1
2Q

P

34
35

r

41

E

2

f(

5

1

7

1.)

R

o
P

or r ec tA n s w e r(U

27
36
JY

L

c

o

28
JI

E

4C
48

.]

32

U

1

P

A

1

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
1
1
1

24

22

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1

0

1
1
1

.A

1
17 0
44 1
14

J

0
0

,1

29 0
18 0

0

0
0
0
1
1
1

0

0
1

0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

,]

1
1
1
1
1

5
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1

6

7

tJ

I

1

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1

1

0

1
1
1

1

1
1
1
1
1

0
0
1

0
1
1
1

0
I
1

0
1
1
1
1

1

1

1
1
0
0
1
1
1

0
1
1
1
1
1

0

0
1
1
1
1

0
1
1

1
1
I
1
1
1

0

a.)

aa

1
1

0
1
1

23

22

1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1

0

1

1

1

0

0
0

1

1
1

0
0

1

0

1

1
1
1

0

0

1

0
1

0

0
0

1
1

0
0
0

1
1
1
1
1
1

0

1

1

0

1
1
1

0
0
0

0

1
1

1
I

0

1
1
,1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1

0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

I

1 0 TotalScore
1
10
1
10
1
10
,1
10
10
10
1
10
10
Y
0
0
I
1
1
1
1

0
0
1
1
1
1

0
0
0

I
8
8

17

1

0

1

1

I
1
1

1

1
1
1

1
1

1

1
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0

I

8
I

0

0

q

1

1
1
1
1
1

,]

Y

I
9
9
I
I
9

0
1
1
1
1

0
0
1

d

I
1

o

0
0

8

0
0
1
1

0
0
1

0
0
0

7
7
7
7
7
6
6

5
5
5
4
A

3

60

19

3C
11
za
ni

1
,1

0
0

0

1
1
1
1
1

1

0

0
0

1

1

0
0
0

1

0

CorrectAnswer(L) 1 8 1 4
o.25041
D P = ( U _ L )/ N
S
Interpretation
42 3 8
Cor r ec t ly(C )
0.87 0.79
Dl =C/N
E
E
I nt er pr eta ti o n

16

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
o

1

0
0
0
0
0

0
'l 1

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
uoz

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1
'1

0
0

0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
17
6
037 025 045
J

0
0

J

40
29
34
34
38
29
0 7 9 0 . 6 0 0 7 0 0 . 7 0 0 6 0 0.68 0 8 3 o . 4 7
M
E
[/
M
M
E
M
M
J-1

()00-020

Poor

r) 20 - 0.40

Satislactory (S)

0 .10- 0.7() Good

(P)

(G)

Crilerionof theDifficulS,tnder:
000-030

1

0
0
0
0
12

025 054 050 0.41

'l'he
Poner:
Criterionof the Discnmtnatton

'fhe

0
0

Dilficult

(D)

0 . 3 ( -) 0 . 7 0 Moderate

(M)

0 7 ( )- 1 . 0 0 Eaq'

(E)

3
3
3
2
2

1

The Calculation of Reliability for Try Out
(class YI C)

The reliability of each item of try out and the criterion of alpha reliability were
elaboratedas follow:
Mean (M)

:

340
48
7,08

SD

: Sumof hish sixth - Sumof low sixth
Half numberof pupils

s

: 60-13
24
:1.99

KR:r

:

K
K- 1

-MK-M)
K.S2

: 0,51
BecauseKRzr is 0.51,it meantthat the reliability herewas moderate.

The Calculation for the First Treatment
No
1
2
3
4

5
o

7
8

I
10
11

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22
23
24
25

Class Vl A

Class Vl B

(xA) (rA)

(xB) (xrB)

3600
60
4900
70
6400
80
4900
70
8100
90
4900
70
4900
70
6400
80
4900 80 6400
10000 1 0 0 10000
3600
8 1 0 0 60
6400
6400
80
4900
10000 7g
6400
10000 80
El00
6400 90
80
6400
70
4900 80
90
8 1 0 0 1 0 0 10000
8100
8 1 0 0 90
90
4900
70
80
6400
3600
50
2500 60
2500 1 0 0 10000
50
8 1 0 0 80
6400
90
4900
1 0 0 10000 70
1 0 0 10000 80
6400
6400 60
3600
80

70
50
70
100
80
70
100
90
70
100
90
80
100
't00

4900
2500
4900
10000
6400
4900
10000
E100

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46

47
Total
n
ItEql

SD

4900
1 0 0 10000 70
4900
70
10000
100
EO 6400 80 6400
4900
6400 70
80
4900
3600 70
60
1 0 0 10000 1 0 0 10000
3600
4900 60
70
4900 1 0 0 10000
70
8100
6400 90
80
4900
4900 70
70
6400
EO 6400
60
8 1 0 0 1 0 0 10000
90
8100
8 1 0 0 90
90
4900
3600 70
60
6400
4900 60
70
4900
E100 70
90
6400
70
4900
80
4900 80
6400
70
4900 50
2500
70
,1900
70
6400
80
4900 1 0 0 10000
70
70
4900
EO 6400
3790 315100 3650 291100
17
47
77.56
80.64
12.E5
14.35

TEST OF HYPOTTIESES:
l. Ho : pA: pB, therewasno significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclasses.
FIa : rrA I frB, therewas sigrrificantdifflerencebetweenthe meanclasses.
2. t-test,wheredf: nA + nB - 2 : 92
t ( . 0 5 ): 1 .6 5 8

63

J.

Calculationfor t observation(to):
A: pictorialcontextandprequestioning
n:47

80.64

":1"

nXx2 - (lx)2

14.36

n ( n-l)

B: vocabularypreteaching
andprequestioning
.- - \- .-

n:47

77.66

t2.89

nXx'?- (lx)a
n ( n-l)

xB
( n A - l ) . s A 2 + ( n B - l ) s B ' ?( I

nA+nB-2

+ I )

nA

nB

1.09
4. Conclusion:
Becauseto < t table, thus Ho was accepted.
So we concludedthat at a 0.05 level there was no significant differencebetween
The classes.The mean score of VI A was higher than VI B.

64

The Calculation for the Second Treatment
No
I

2
3
4
5
o

7
I

9
10
11

12
13
14

15
16
17
18

19
20
21
22
23
24
25

GlassVl A

Glass Vl B

(xA) (x.A) (xB) ()cB)
80
90
70
90
80
70
80
60
70
100
70
60
100
100
70
40
80
80
100
60
80
50
90
90
90

6400
8100
4900
8100
6400
4900
6400
3600
4900
10000
4900
3600
10000
10000
4900
1600
6400
6400
8100
3600
6400
2500
E100
E100
8100

70
60
80
50
70
90
70
80
70
80
70
50
80
90
80
50
90
50
70
90
80
70
60
60
50

4900
3600
6400
2500
4900
8100
4900
6400
4900
6400
4900
2500
6400
8't00
6400
2500
8100
2500
4900
8100
6400
4900
3600
3600
2500

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

42
43
44
45

46
47
Total
n
SD

3600
90
8 1 0 0 60
4900
4900
70
70
4900 .10 1 6 0 0
70
40
1600 90
8100
70
4900 50
2500
1 0 0 10000 1 0 0 10000
70
4900 80
6400
80
6400 1 0 0 10000
3600
6400
60
80
70
4900 60
3600
90
8 1 0 0 70
4900
80
6400 1 0 0 10000
,1900
1 0 0 10000 70
8 1 0 0 70
4900
90
70
4900 60
3600
80
6400
3600
60
90
E 1 0 0 90
8100
80
6400
80
6400
6400 60
80
3600
80
6400
8100
90
1 0 0 10000 70
4900
90
E 1 0 0 1 0 0 10000
3700 299900 3,t10 25E500
17
17
78.72
72.55
15.13
15.53

TEST OF HYPOTIIESES:
1. Ho : pA : pB, therewasno significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclasses.
Ha : pA I pB, therewas significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclasses.
2. t-test,wheredf= nA + rB - 2 : 92
t ( . 0 s ): 1 . 6 5 8

ct)

J.

Calculationfor t observation(to):
A: pictorialcontextandprequestioning
n:47

78.72

x:Ex

nXx'z-(trxf

15.13

n ( n-l)

andprequestioning
B: vocabularypreteaching
:

..-s.,

nEx2 - (Ix)2
n ( n-l)

n:47

72.55

15.53

xA-xB

to:

(nA- l). sA3 + (nB- l) sB'? ( I

nA+nB-2

+ I )

nA

nB

2.Ol
4. Conclusion:
Becauseto > t table, thus Ho was rejected.
So we concludedthat at a 0.05 level there was sigrrificantdifferencebetweenthe
classes.The mean score of M A was higher than VI B.

66

The Calculation for the Third Treatment
No
1

2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

'10
11

12
13
14

15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22
23
24
25

Glass Vl A

Class Vl B

(xA) (x,A) (xB) (rB)
60
3600
,1900
70
80
6400
't00 10000
70
4900
60
3600
1 0 0 10000
60
3600
50
2500
1 0 0 10000
90
8100
80
6400
90
8100
90
8100
6400
80
'1900
70
8100
90
60
3600
8100
90
EO 6400
80
6400
60
3600
1 0 0 10000
4900
70
60
3600

60
50
70
70
80
70
80
70
80
80
70
70
60
80
70

3600
2500
4900
4900
6400
4900
6400
4900
6400
6400
4900
4900
3600
6400
4900
70 4900
80
6400
80
6400
60
3600
80
6400
1 0 0 10000
40
1600
50
2500
70
4900
70
4900

26
27
28
29

30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

42
43
44

45
46

50
2500
3600
60
70
4900
80
6400
3600
3600 60
E 1 0 0 7A 4900
3600
4900 60
10000 80
6400
6400 EO 6.+00
3600
60
6400
6400
10000 80
4900 1 0 0 10000
6400
10000 80
6400
4900 80
6400
8 1 0 0 80
3600
4900 60
4900
90 8 1 0 0 70
.1900
70
4900 70
80
4900
6,100 70
6400
70
4900 80
6400
70
4900 80
60
3600 70 4900
3680 297600 3350 215100
100
80
80
60
60
90
70
100
80
80
100
70
100
70
90
70

47
Total
n
47
Mear 7E.30
SD 14.31

10000
6400
6400
3600

47

71.26
11.72

TEST OF HYPOT}IESES:
l. Ho : FA : pB, tlere wasno significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclasses.
Ha : pA + FB, therewas significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclass€s.
2. t-test wheredf : nA + nB - 2 : 92
t ( . 0 s ): 1 . 6 5 8

67

J.

Calculationfor t observation(to):
A: pictorialcontextandprequestioning
78.30

":8"

nIx2 - (lx)P
n ( n-l)

n:47

14.34

B: vocabulary preteachingand prequestioning

:

.--s.,

71.28

11.72

nXx'?- (Xx)2
n ( n-l)

xA

to:
(nA-l).sA2

-

xR

+ (nB-l).sB'z ( I

nr{+nB-2
:

n:47

+ I )

nA

nB

2.68

4. Conclusion:
Becauseto > t table, thus Ho was rejected.
So we concluded that at a 0.05 level there was significant difference between the
classes.The mean score of VI A was hieher than VI B.

68

The Calculation for the Fourth Treatment
No

ClassVl A

Class Vl B

(xAt (x,A) (xB) (x'?B)
1

90

2
3

60

4

80
100

5

90

6
7
I
I

50
100
80
80
90
80
90
100
90
50
100
90
80
100
70
EO
90
100
90
50

10
11

12
13
14
15
16
17

18
19

20
21
22
23
24
25

8100
3600
6400
10000
8100
2500
10000
6400
6400
8100
6400
8100
10000
8100
2500
10000
8100
6400
10000
4900
6400
8100
10000
8100
2500

40
70
90
90
60
90
90
70
100
80
50
90
70
100
70
50
100
80
90
70
90
60
70
60
60

1600
4900
8100
6100
3600
8100
8100
4900
10000
6400
2500
8100
4900
10000
4900
2500
10000
6400
8100
,1900
E100
3600
4900
3600
3600

6400
6400 80
8100
8 1 0 0 90
6400
8't00 80
50 2500 90 E 1 0 0
6400
4900 80
70
6400 1 0 0 10000
80
6400
80
6400 80
4900
1 0 0 10000 70
EO 6400
EO 6400
1600
80
6400 40
4900
1 0 0 10000 70
8100
80
6400 90
4900
8 1 0 0 70
90
70 4900 90 8 1 0 0
3600
3600 60
60
6400 80
6400
41
80
6400
90
6100
42
80
4900
4900 70
43 70
1600
6400 40
44
80
4900 60
3600
45
70
4900
90
E't00 70
46
4900 80
6400
47
70
Total 3E20 319E003550 2E0100
17
n
47
75.53
tYtrEql
Ei.28
t6.13
SD 11.24
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40

80
90
90

TEST OF HYPOTTIESES:
l. Ho : pA : pB, therewasno significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclasses.
FIa : pA + trB, tlere was significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclass€s.
2. t_test,wheredf : nA + nB _ Z:92
t ( . 0 5 ): 1 . 6 5 8

J.

Calculation for t observation(to):
A: pictorial context and prequestioning

n:47

81.28

r:1,x

14.24

nXx'z- (Ix)'?
n ( n-l)

B: vocabularypreteaching
andprequestioning
.--s.,

75.53

nIx2 - (Xx)2
n ( n-l)

(nA-l).sA3

16.13

+ (nB-l).sB'? ( I

nA+nB-2
:

n:47

+ I )

nA

nB

1.89

4. Conclusion:
Becauseto > t table, thus Ho was rejected.
So we concludedthat at a 0.05 level there was significant differencebetweenthe
classes.The mean scoreof VI A was higher than VI B.

70

The Calculation for the Fifth Treatment
No

ClassVl A

(xA) (x"A)
1

2
3
4

5
o

7
8

9
10
11

12
13
14

15
16

17
18

19
20
21
22
23
24
25

60
80
50
80
80
80
100
80
60
90
100
80
80
100
80
80
80
70
70
80
70
80
60
100
80

3600
6400
2500
6400
6'100
6400
10000
6400
3600
E100
10000
6400
6400
10000
6400
6400
6400
4900
4900
6400
4900
6400
6400
10000
6400

Class Vl B
(xB) ()GB)
4900
70
3600
60
70
4900
80
6400
2500
50
70
4900
90
8100
60
3600
90
8100
1 0 0 10000
60
3600
4900
70
50
2500
6400
80
4900
70
60
3600
1 0 0 10000
70
4900
70
4900
90
8100
8100
90
90
6't00
80
6400
70
4900
80
6400

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

42
43
44

45
46
47

Total
n
[tEql

SD

90
8 1 0 0 50
2500
90
8100
80
6.100
1 0 0 10000 50
2500
'1900
60
3600
70
80
6400 40
1600
90
8 1 0 0 90
8100
4900
80
6400 70
4900
70
4900 70
1 0 0 10000 1 0 0 10000
80
6400 80
6400
1 0 0 10000 90
E100
6400 EO 6400
80
6,f00
80
6400
80
4900 70
4900
70
80
6400 80
6400
3600
2500
60
50
4900
70
4900 70
.1900
40
1600 70
6400 50
80
2500
4900
3600
70
60
1 0 0 10000 80
6400
8 1 0 0 90
8100
90
3750 307300 34.f0 262100
17
47
73.19
79.79
15.20
13.27

TEST OF HYPOTIIESES:
1. Ho : FA - pB, therewasno significantdifferencebetrveenthe meanclasses.
IIa : pA I pB, therewas significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclasses.
2. t-test,wheredf : nA + nB -2:92
t ( . 0 5 ): 1 . 6 5 8

JI

J.

Calculationfor t observation(to):
A: pictorialcontextandprequestioning
n:47

79.79

^:lt

13.27

nIx'?- (Xx)2
n ( n-l)

andprequestioning
B: vocabularypreteaching
. __ \' .,

n:47

73.19

nXx2 - (Ix)'?
n ( n-l)

15.20

xA-

to:
(nA-l).sA2

xB

+ (nB-l)

s B ' ?( I

nA+nB-2

nA

+ 1 )

nB

2.32
4. Conclusion:
Becauseto > t table, thus Ho was rejected.
So we concludedthat at a 0.05 level there was sigrrificantdifferencebetweenthe
classes.The mean score of VI A was higher than VI B.

72

The Calculation for The Sixth Treatment
No
1

2
3
4
5
6

7
8
I

10
11

12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19

20
21
22
23
24
25

GlassVl A

Class Vl B

(xA) (x"A) (xB) (x"B)
50
70
70
100
80
70
70
80
60
80
70
80
100
90
60
80
100

2500
4900
4900
10000
6400
,1900
4900
6400
3600
6400
4900
6400
10000
8100
3600
6400
10000
90
8100
1 0 0 10000
4900
70
4900
70
60
3600
4900
70
90
8100
80
6400

3600
60
70
4900
80
6400
70
4900
90
8100
70
4900
60
3600
80
6400
3600
60
1 0 0 10000
4900
70
EO 6400
50
2500
60
3600
8100
90
50
2500
70
4900
6400
80
EO 6400
80
6400
80
6400
50
2500
80
6400
50
2500
60
3600

4900
1 0 0 10000 70
6400
90
8100 80
3600
4900 60
70
'f900
3600 70
60
3600
3600 60
60
4900
1 0 0 10000 70
6400
1 0 0 10000 80
6400
80
6400 80
4900
8 1 0 0 70
90
4900
90
8 1 0 0 70
3600
60
70
4900
36
6400 1 0 0 10000
37 80
3600
38 80 6400 60
4900
4900 70
39 7A
3600
60
80
6400
40
6400
90
E 1 0 0 80
41
3600
50
2500 60
42
3600
60
3600
43 60
3600
3600 60
60
44
3600
4900 60
70
45
80
6400 1 0 0 10000
46
6,100
6400 80
80
47
Total 3650 292500 3330 213700
17
17
n
70.E5
Mear 77.66
12.99
S D 11.O2
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35

TEST OF HYPOTIfiSES:
1. Ho : pA : pB, therewasno significantdifferenc€baween the meanclasses.
Ha : pA I trrB,therewas significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclasses.
2. t-test,wheredf : nA + nB - 2:92
t ( . 0 5 ): 1 .6 s8

I)

J.

Calculation for t observation(to):
A: pictorial context and prequestioning

n:47

77.66

x:tx

nXx2 - (Ix)2
n ( n-l)

14.02

andprequestioning
B: vocabularypreteaching
70.85

x:Xx

nIx2 - (lx)2
n ( n-l)

n:47

12.99

xA-xB

to:

(nA- l). sA2 + (nB- l) sB'? ( I
nr{+nB-2

nA

+ I )

nB

2 .5 2
4. Conclusion:
Becauseto > t table,thusHo wasrejected.
Sowe concludedthat at a 0.05 leveltherewassignificantdifferencebetweenthe
classes.The meanscoreof VI A washigherthan VI B.

74

The Calculation for the Post Test
No
1

2

3
4

5
6
7
8
I

10
11

12
13
14

't5
16
17
18

19
20
21
22
23
24
25

Class Vl A

ClassVl B

6400
2500
4900
10000
6400
1600
10000
8100
4900
70
8100
90
6400
80
2500
50
1 0 0 10000
8100
90
8100
90
a{00
80
1 0 0 10000
4900
70
10000
100
2500
50
6400
80
4900
70
8100
90
't0000
100
3600
60

60
3600
2500
50
3600
60
70
4900
4900
70
6400
80
80
6400
70
4900
1 0 0 10000
90
8100
1600
40
60 3600
70
4900
80
6400
8100
90
4900
70
1 0 0 't0000
4900
70
4900
70
8100
90
1 0 0 10000
70
4900
50
2500
4900
70
4900
70

(xAl (x3A) (xB) (r.B}
80
50
70
100
80
40
100
90

26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41

42
43
44
45
46

47
Total
n
tYtrErI!

SD

4900
1 0 0 10000 70
3600
60
10000
100
3600
8 1 0 0 60
90
50
2500
3600
60
4900
8 1 0 0 70
90
6400
6400 80
80
3600
4900 60
70
8't00
1 0 0 10000 90
6400
2500 80
50
3600
6400 60
80
70
4900
1 0 0 10000
6400 1 0 0 10000
80
3600
1 0 0 10000 60
4900
3600 70
60
4900
4900 70
70
6400
2500 80
50
70
4900
3600
60
3600
2500 60
50
2500
8 1 0 0 50
90
4900
3600
70
60
8100
1 0 0 10000 90
4900
70
6400
80
3700 306,1003370 251100
17
17
71.70
78.72
11.31
1E.13

TEST OF TIYPOT}IESES:
l. Ho : pA : pB, therewas no significantdifferencebetweenthe meanclasses.
FIa : pA + FB, therewas sigrrificantdifferencebetweenthe meanclasses.
2. t-test.wheredf : nA + tB - 2 : 92
t ( . 0 5 ): 1 .6 s8

75

J.

Calculation for t observation(to):
A: pictorial context and prequestioning
.L - 1-- ) \ x ' . ,

n:47

78.72

nIx2 - (X,x)'?
n ( n-l)

18.13

B: vocabularypreteaching
andprequestioning
:

x:Ix

71.70

nIx2 - (Ix)'?
n ( n-l)

n:47

14.34

xB
(nA-l).sA2

+ (nB-l).sB'? ( I

nA+nB-2

+ I )

nA

nB

2.15
4. Conclusion:
Becauseto > t table, thus Ho was rejected.
So we concludedthat at a 0.05 level there was significant differencebetweenthe
classes.The mean score of VI A was higher than VI B.

76

TREATMENT 1
Lessonplan for classVI A, the experimentalgroup I (taught using vocabulary
preteachingand prequestioning)and for classVI B, the experimentalgroup 2
(taught using pictorial context and prequestioning).

LESSON PLAN
Subject

: English

skill

: Reading

Therne

: Hobbies

Level ofEducation : ElementarySchool,grade VI
Semesfer

:I

Time Allocation :l x 40 minutes

A. Competcnce
1. BasicCompetence
Readinp:
. The pupils are able to comprehend the content of the reading
passagegiven.
2. AchievementIndicaton
L_istening:
(A)

Vocabulary Preteachingand Prequestrontng
Pupilsareableto:
. Listen to the teacher'striggering questions

(B)

.

Listen to the teacherwho is readingthe passage

.

Listen to his friends who are readingthe passage

Pictorial Context and Prequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
.

Listerrto the teacher'striggering questions

.

Listen to the teacherwho is reading the passage

r

Listen to his friends who are readingthe passage

77

Speahng:
(A)

VocabularyPreteachingandPrequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
. Answer the teacher'striggering questionsorally

(B)

Pictorial Context and Prequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
.

Answer the teacher'striggering questionsorally

Reading:
(A)

VocabularyPreteachingandPrequestioning
Pupilsareableto:

(B)

'

Readthe vocabularylist given

'

Readthe readingpassageloudly

Pictorial Context and Prequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
.

Readthe readingpassageloudly

Writing:
(A)

Vocabulary Preteachingand Prequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
.

(B)

Answer the objective tlpe questionsin a written way

Pictorial Context and Prequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
.

Answer the objective type questionsin a written wqv

B. Learning Material and Media
l. LeamingMalerial
.

A readingpassagefrom First Step 5, PT Intan Pariwara.

2. Media
.

Picturesabouthobbies

?8

C. Teaching and Itarning

Activities

t. Approachand technique
'

Approach

: CompetencyBasedApproach

'

Technique

: a.) Vocabulary preteachingand prequestiontng
b.) Pictorialcontextand prequestioning

Classactivities
(A)

(B)

VocabularyPreteactringandPrequestioning
. Pupils listen to the teachers'triggering qu€strons
.

Pupils answerthe teacher'striggering questionsorally

.

Pupilsreadthe vocabularylist loudly

.

Pupils read the reading passagegiven loudly

.

Pupilsanswerthe objectivetype questions

PictorialContextand Prequetioning
.

Pupilsobservethe pictures

.

Pupils listen to the teachers'trigg€ring questions

.

Pupils answerthe triggering questionsorally

.

Pupils read the readingpassagegivan loudly

.

Pupils answerthe objective type queshons

D. Assessment
o Pupils individually are askedto fliswer the objective type questionsbased
on the readingpassage.

E. References
o Purwono,Drs. H. Eddy, et all. First Step 5. 1994.Bandung:PT Intan
Pariwara

79

STUDENTS' WORKSHEET
(Vocebutary Prctcaching and Prcquestioning)
Task 1
Read the vocabular? list below carcfu[y!
VocabularyList
Collect

mengkoleksi

StamP

perangko

Penpall

sahabatpena

Cycling

bersepeda

Spend

menghabiskan

Enjoyable

menyenangkan

Task 2
Read the passaqecarcfully!
My name is Siti Nurjanah. I am a studentof an elementaryschool. I am in
the sixth grade now. I have lots of friends in my school. Each of them has their
own hobbies.Ahmadlikes swimming.Every Sundayhe goesto aswimming pool.
Zaenab'shobby is collecting stamps.Shehas many pen palls. She alwayscollects
stamps from them. Marnad urd Basuki like cycling very much. They always
spend their holiday by cycling. Most of my friends like reading, both reading
magazines and newspapers. Specially, I like reading storybooks very much.
Readinga storybook is very enjoyablefor me.
Task 3
Choose the best answer bes€d on thc nassase!
l. Siti is a

of an elementaryschool.
a) teacher
b.) girl
c.) student
d.) friend

80

2. Siti is in the

grade now.
a.) five

b.) fifth
c.) six
d.) sixth
3. Shehaslots of

in her school.
a")Pets
b.) teachers
c.) friends
d.) hobbies

4. Whar is Zaqrab'shobby ?

a.) Cycling
b.) Collectingstamps
c.) Reading
d.) Swimming
5 . Zaenabalwaysgets stampsfrom her
a) friends
b.) penpalls
c.) teachers
d.) parents
6. What re Mamad and Basuki's hobbies?

a") cycling
b.) collectingstamps
c.) reading
d.) swimming
What do Siti's friendslike to do most ?
a.) cycling
b.) collectingstamps
c.) reading
d.) swimming

8 . What doesSiti like to read most?

a.) magazines
b.) comicbooks
c.) newspapers
d.) storybooks
9 . A kind of activity that we like to do is narned
a")ajob
b.) ahobby
c.) a career
d.) a sport
I 0. The reading pass€e above is about

a) games
b.) activities
c.) sports
d.) hobbies

STUDENTS' WORKSHEET
@ictorial Context and Prcquestioning)

Look at the pictures below carefullv then rcad the oassase!

?icture

?i,ture x

?icture ?

Piclure4

My name is Siti NuIjanah. I am a studentof an elementar.vschool. I am in
the sixth gradenow. I have lots of friendsin my school.Eachof them has their
own hobbies. Ahmad likes swimming. Every Sundayhe goesto aswimming pool.
Zaenab'shobby is collectingstamps.Shehasmany pen palls. Shealwayscollects
stamps from them. Mamad and Basuki like cycling very much. They always
spend their holiday by rycling. Most of my ftiends like reading, both reading
magazines and newspapers. Specially, I like reading storybooks very much.
Readinga storybook is very enjoyablefor me.

Task 2
Choose the best answer based on the passape!
of an elementaryschool.

l. Sitiis a
a) teacher
b.) girl
c.) student
d.) friend

grade now.

2. Siti is in the
a.) five
b.) fifth
c.) six
d.) sixth

in her school.

3. Shehaslots of
a.) pets
b.) teachers
c.) friends
d.) hobbies
.At -

What is Zaenab'shobby ?
a.) Cycling
b.) Collectingstamps
c.) Reading
d.) Swimming

5. ZaenabalwaysgeB stampsfrom her
a")friends
b.) penpalls
c.) teachers
d.) parents
o-

Whal are Mamad and Basuki's hobbies?
a")qcling
b.) collectingstamps
c.) reading
d.) swimming
What do Siti's friendslike to do most ?
a.) cycling
b.) collectingstamps
c.) reading
d.) swimmtng

8 . What doesSiti like to readmost?

a.) magazines
b.) comicbooks
c.) newspapers
d.) storybooks
9 . A kind of activity that we like to do is named
a-)alob
b.) ahobby
c.) a career
d.) a sport
10.The readingpassageaboveis about
a.) games
b.) activities
c.) sports
d.) hobbies

TEACHER'S NOTE

I-earning Outcomes
l. I Pre - tnstructional Activities
The pupils are able to lislen to the teachers'
questions.
The pupils are ableto answerthe teacher'striggering questions
orally.
The pupils are able to identify the meaningof difficult words
(pre-activities with vocabulary preteaching and pictorial
context).
.

The pupils are able to observethe pictures about hobbies (pre'
activities with pictorial contsr(tand prequestioning).

1.2 Whilst - InstructionalActivities
The pupils areableto comprehendthe passage.
The pupils are able to answerobjective type questionsbasedon
the passage.
t.3 Post- lnstnrctionalActivities
The pupils have new information about hobbies.
The pupilshavesubmittedtheir works.

il.

Teacher's Activities
2.1 Pre- lnstructional Activittes
a-) Pre - activities with vocabularypreteachingand prequestiontng
r

The teachergreetsthe pupils:
Pupils

: "Good Moming, miss?"

Teacher

: "Good Moming. How areyou today?"

Pupils

: "I'm fine thaft you andyou?"

Teacher

: "I'm very well thanks."

The teacher asks the pupils to read the vocabulary list
loudly.
.

The teacherasksthe pupils sometriggering questions:
l. According to you, what is called a hobby? Give
example!
2. Do you have a hobby?
3. What is your hobby?

b.) Pre - activities with pictorial context and prequestioning
.

The teachergreetsthe pupils:

Pupils

: "Good Moming, miss?"

Teacher

: "Good Moming. How are you today?"

Pupils

: "I'm fine thankyou andyou?"

Teacher

: "l'm very well thanks."

The teacher shows some pictures about hobbies to the
pupils.
The teacherasksthe pupils sometriggering questions:
l. What is the boy in picture I doing?
2. What are the boys in picture 2 doing?
3. What is the girl in pictune3 doing?
4. From whom do you usually get your stamp?
5. What is the girt in picture 4 doing?
6. Swimming, cycling collecting stamp and reading
are kinds of
7. Howaboutyou? What is yourhobbY?
8. When do you usually swim/read magazines/play
computer(dependon the pupils' answerf
9. Do you usually spend your weekend/ltoliday/sparc
time/break time (dependon the pupils' answer) by
swimming reading magazines/playing computer
(dependon the pupils' answer)?

10.Is swimminglqclng/readingmagazines(dependon
the pupils' answer)enjoyablefor you?
I l. Accordingto you, whal is calleda hobby?
2.2 Whilst - InstructionalActivities
The teacherasksthe pupils to listen to her/him *fiile he/she
is readingthe passage.
The teacheraskssomepupils to read the passageloudly.
The teacherasks the pupils to answerthe objective type
questions,which basedon the passage.
2.3 Post- InstructionalActivities
.

The teacherasksthe pupils to submittheir works

III.

Teaching karning

Activities

3. l. Teachingleamingactivitieswith vocabularypreteachingand
prequestioningas the prereading

NO
1

PROCEDURE
3reetingand
rre-lnstructional
Activities

TIME
TEACHINGLEARNINGACTIVITIES
P U P ILS
TEACHER
1'
Replythe teache/s
SpeakingSreetsthe pupils
greeting
Listento the teachefs
ListenangAsksthe pupils
lriggeringquestions lriggeringquestions
Answerthe teache/s
Speaking
lriggeringquestions
SKILLS

oral

z

Reading Askssome pupilsto Read the vocabulary
read the vocabulary list loudly
list loudly
UVh
ilst-lnstruc{ionaI Listentn g Readsthe passage Listento the teacher
,yhois readingthe
Activities
passage
pupils
to
Readthe passage
Asks
some
Reading
passage
loudly
readthe
Loudly
Listento hisrher
Listening
Friendswho are reading
the passage
Answerthe objective
Writing Asksthe pupilsto
answerthe objective type questionsin a
type questions,which wriftenway
basedon the pass€lg€
rost-lnstructional
Submittheirworks
Asksthe pupilsto
works
submittheir
Activities

4',

8'

8',

11'

3.2 Teachingleaming activities with pictorial context and prequestioning
as the prereading

NO
1

z

PROCEDURE

SKILLS

TEACHING LEARNING ACTIVITIES
P U P ILS
TEACHER

TIME

Replythe teachers
SpeakingGreetsthe pupils
Greetingand
Pre-lnstruciional
Jreeting
Showssome pictures Sbservethe pictures
Activities
abouthobbies
Listento the teache/s
ListeningAsksthe pupils
triggeringquestions triggeringqueslions
the teache/s
Ans\,ver
Speaking
triggeringquestions
orally
passage
Listento the teacher
Reads
the
Listening
Whilst-lnstructional
l,vhois readingthe
Activities
passage
Reading Askssome pupilsto Readthe passage
loudly
readthe passage
Loudly
Lis{ento hiyher
Listenin g
friendswho are reading
the passage
pupils
Answerthe objective
to
Writing Asksthe
ans\rer the objective type questionsin a
type questions,whichwrittenway
basedon the passage
Submittheirworks
Asksthe pupilsto
Post-lnstruclional
submittheirworks
Activities

1'
2',

8'

8',

11'

2l

Answer key for prequestioning of class VI A (taught using vocabulary
preteadringand prequestioning):
1. A hobby is a kind of activity that we like to do (any possible
answersJ.
2 . Yes.I do: or
No, I do not.
J.

My hobby is swimmingicollecting stamp/reading magazines
/playing computer/etc(any possibleanswers).

Anslver ke,y for prequestioning of class VI B (taught using pictorial
context and prequestioning):
l. He is swmming.
2. They are cycling.
3 . Sheis collectingstarnp.
4. From my friends/my father/my mother/my penpalVetc (any
possibleanswers).
5 . Sheis readinga book.
6. Hobbies.
7 . My hobby is swimming/collecting stamp/reading magazines
/playingcomputer/etc(any possibleanswers).
8. I usually swim on the weekend/ I usually read magazine after
schooVetc (any possibleanswers).
9. Yes,I do; or
No, I do not.
10.Yes.I do: or
No. I do not.
ll.A

hobby is a kind of activity that we like to do (any possible

answers).

o Answerkey for the objectivequestions

l.c
2.D
3.C
4.8
5.B
6.A

7.c
8.D
9.8
1 0 .D

93

TREATMENT2
Lessonplan for classVI A, the experimentalgroup I (taught using vocabulary
preteachingand prequestioning)and for classVI B, the experimattal group 2
(taught using pictorial context and prequestioning).

LESSON PLAN
Subject

: English

Skill

: Reading

Theme

:Sports

Level ofEducation : ElementarySchool,gradeVI
Semester

:I

Time Allocation :l x 40 minutes

A. Competence
I . Basic Competence
Readins:
'

The pupils are able to comprehend the content of the reading
passagegiven.

2. AchievementIndicators
Listening:
(A)

VocabularyPreteachingandPrequestioning
Pupilsareableto:

(B)

.

Listento the teacher'striggeringquestions

.

Listen to the teacher*{ro is readingthe passage

.

Listen to his friends who are readingthe passage

Pictorial Context and Prequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
'

Listen to the teacher'striggering questions

.

Listen to the teacherwho is readingthe passage

.

Listen to his friends who are readingthe passage

Speaking:
(A)

VocabularyPreteachingandPrequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
r Answer the teacher'striggering queshonsorally

(B)

Pictorial Context and Prequestioning
Pupils are able to:
.

Answer the teacher'striggering questionsorally

Reading:
(A)

VocabularyPreteachingandPrequestioning
Pupilsareableto:

(B)

'

Readthe vocabularylist given

.

Readthe readingpassageloudly

Pictorial Context and Prequestiomng
Pupilsareableto:
.

Readthe readingpassageloudly

Ilriting:
(A)

VocabularyPreteachingandPrequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
. Answer the objective type questionsin a written way

(B)

PictorialContextandPrequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
.

Answer the objective type questionsin a writta way

B. Leanring Material and Media
1. LeamingMalerial
' A reading p.Nsage from Lado Engtish Seri'es 2' Regents
PublishingCompanY,lnc.
2. I.;ledia
. Picturesaboutsports

95

C. Teaching and Learning Activities
l. Approachandtechnique
'

Approach

: CompetencyBasedApproach

.

Technique

: a) Vocabulary preteachingand prequestioning
b.) Pictorial context ard prequestioning

2. Classactivities
(A)

(B)

VocabularyPreteachingandPrequestioning
.

Pupils listen to the teachers'triggering questions

.

Pupils answerthe teacher'striggering questionsorally

.

Pupilsreadthe vocabularylist loudly

.

Pupils read the reading passagegiven loudly

.

Pupils answerlhe objective type questions

PictorialContextand Prequestioning
.

Pupils observethe pictures

.

Pupils listen to the teachers'triggering questions

'

Pupils answerthe triggering questionsorally

.

Pupils read the reading passagegiven loudly

.

Pupils answertheobjectivetypequestions

D. Assessment
o Pupils individuatlyare askedto answerthe objectivetype questionsbased
on the readingPassage.
E. Referrcnces
o Lado, Robert.Lado English Series2. 1978.New York: Regents
PublishingCompany,Inc.

96

STUDENTS' WORKSHEET
(Vocabulara Preteaching and Prequestioning)
Task I
Read the vocabularry list below csrcfullv!
VocabularyList
Plan

merencanakan

Tnp

perjalanan

Weather

cuaca

Report

laporan

Weatherman

peramalcuaca

Excited

gembira

Task 2
Read dre oassasecarcfullv!
Nancy and PeterMcCall like sports.In the summerthry swim and in the
winter they ski. They are planning a ski trip for this weekend,but they don't know
aboutthe weather.It's 7:30 now, andthey arelisteningto the weattrerreport on
the radio. The weathermanis giving the weatherfor the weekend:
"Friday is going to be cold and cloudy, but it's not going to rain. The
temperdure is going to be in the thirties. It's going to snow Friday night and
maybe Saturdaymorning. Saturday aftemoon and Sunday are going to be clear,
cold, and sunny."
Now Nanc,yand Peter are excited. The weatheris going to be perfect for a
ski trip. They are going to have a wonderful weekendin the mountains.

Task 3
Choose the best answer based on the passage!
l. NancyandPeter

in the summer.

a.) ski
b.) walk
c.) run
d.) swtm
in the winter.

2. Nancy and Peter

a.) ski
b.) walk
c.) run
d . )s w i m
3. Are Nancyand Petergoing to ski this weekend?
a.) Yes, they are
b.) No, theyaren't
c.) Yes,we do
d.) No, we don't
4. Nanry and Peterget information about the weatherfrom the
a")newspaper
b.) radio
c.) television
d.) intemet
5. How is the weathergoing to be on Fnday?
a.) Cold andcloudy
b.) Cold andrainy
c.) Cool andcloudy
d.) Cool and rainy

98

6. On Friday,the temperatureis going to be
a) in the thirteen
b.) in the forties
c.) in the thirnes
d.) in the twenties
on Fridaynight.

7. It's goingto
a")rain
b.) be clear
c.) snow
d.) be surny

8. It's going to b clear,cold, and sunnyon
a) SdurdaY moming
b.) Saturdayaftemoon
c ) Fridal momrng
d.) Friday aftemoon
9. Whal areNancy and Petergoing to do on the weekend?
a.) Climbingthemountain
b.) Having a ski trip
c.) Swimmingin the pool
d.) Havinga picnic
10.How is their weekendgoing to be?
a.) Wonderful
b.) Bored
c.) Beautiful
d.) Uninteresttng

I
STUDENTS' WORKSHEET
(Pictorial Context and Prcquestioning)

hclure t

(f\

qJ
L
J
-{-

l0l

Nancy and PeterMdall like sports.In the summertheryswim and in the
winter they ski. They are planning a ski trip for this weekend,but they don't know
aboutthe weather.It's 7:30 now, andthey arelisteningto the weatherreport on
the radio. The weathermanis giving the weatherfor the weekend:
"Friday is going to be cold and cloudy, but it's not going to rain. The
temperatureis going to be in the thirties. It's going to snow Friday night and
maybeSaturdaymoming. Saturdayaftemoonand Sundayare going to be clear,
cold, andsunny."
Now Nancy and Peter are excited. The weatheris going to be perfect for a
ski trip. They are going to have a wonderful weekendin the mountains.

Task 2
Choose the best answer bas€d on the nassase!
l. Nanry and Peter

in the summer.

a.) ski
b.) walk
c.) run
d.) swim
in the winter.

2. Nancv and Peter

a-) ski
b.) walk
c.) run
d.) swim
3. Are Nancyand Petergoing to ski this weekend?
a.) Yes, they are
b.) No, they aren't
c.) Yes,we do
d.) No, we don't

102

4. Nancy and Peterget information about the weatherfrom the
a) newspaper
b.) radio
c.) television
d.) intemet
5. How is the weathergoing to be on Friday?
a.) Cold and cloudy
b.) Cold andrainy
c.) Cool and cloudy
d.) Cool and rainv
6. On Friday, the temperatureis going to be
a.) in the thirteen
b.) in the forties
c.) in the thrrties
d.) in the twenties
7. It's going to

on Fridaynight.
a. ) rain

b.) be clear
c.) snow
d.) be sunny
8. It's going to b clear,cold, and sunnyon
a) Sarurdaymoming
b.) Salurdayaftemoon
c.) Fndaymoming
d.) Friday aftemoon
9. What areNancy and Petergoing to do on the weekend?
a.) Chmbingthe mountain
b.) Havinga ski trip
c.) Swimmingin the pool
d.) Havrnga picruc

10.How is their weekendgoing to be?
a.) Wonderful
b.) Bored
c.) Beauti l
d.) Uninteresting

TEACHER'S NOTE

Learning Outcomes
l.l

Pre- InstructionalAcuvities
'

The pupils are able to listen to the teachers' triggenng
questions.

.

The pupils are ableto answerthe teacher'striggeringquestions
orallY.

'

The pupils are able to identii' the meaning of difficult words
(pre-activities with vocabulary preteaching and pictorial
context).

.

The pupils are able to observethe pictures about sports (preactivities with pictorial conlext and prequestioning).

1.2 Whilst - InstructionalActivities
I

The pupils are able to comprehendthe passage.

a

The pupils are able to answerobjective type questionsbasedon
the passage.

1.3 Post- lnstructionalActivities
The pupils have new information about sports.
The pupils have submitted their works.

II. Teacher's Activities
2.1 Pre- lnstructional Activities
a-) Pre - activities with vocabu.larypreteachingand prequestioning
'

The teachergreetsthe pupils:
Pupils

"Good Moming, miss?"

Teacher

"Good Moming. How areyou todaY?"

Pupils

"I'm fine thankyou andyou?"

Teacher

"I'm very well tharks."

The teacher asks the pupils to read the vocabulary list
loudly.
!

The teacherasksthe pupils sometriggering questions:
1. Do you like sports?
2. What kinds of sportsdo you like?
3. When do you usually swim? In the dry seasonor
rainy season?
4. When do you usually ski? In the winter or summer?

b.) Pre- activities with pictorial context and pr€questioning
.

The teachergreetsthe pupils:
Pupils

: "Good Morning miss?"

Teacher

: "Good Morning. How are you today?"

Pupils

: "I'm fine thankyouandyou?"

Teacher

: "I'm very well thanks."

I

The teachershowssomepictures about sportsto the pupils.

I

The teacherasksthe pupils sometriggering questions:
1. What is the boy in picture I doing?
2. What is the boy in picture 2 doing?
3 . Where do you usually swim?
4 . When do you usually swim? In the dry seasonor
rainy season?
5 . How is the weatherin the dry season?
6. Look at picture 3! What are they thinking about?
7. Where can you ski?
8. Do you have plan to go to America/Canada
/Australia (dependon the pupils' answer)to ski?
9. When do you usually ski? In the winter or summer?
10. How is the weatherin the winter?

2.2 Whilst - InstructionalActivities
-

The teacher asks the pupils to listen to her/him while helshe
is reading the passage.

The teacheraskssomepupils to readthe passageloudly.
The teacher asks the pupils to answer the objective type
questions,which basedon the passage.
2.3 Post- InstructionalActivities
.

The teacherasksthe pupils to submit their works

Teaching Lcarning Activities

III.

3. l. Teachingleaming actrvitieswith vocabularypreteachingand
prequestioningas the prereading

NO
I

z

TIME
TEACHINGLEARNINGACTIVITIES
PUPILS
TEACHER
1'
Replythe teacheis
Speaking Sreetsthe pupils
Greetingand
greeting
Pre-lnstructional
Listento the teache/s
ListeningAsksthe pupils
Activities
lriggeringquestions triggeringquestions
Ansver the teache/s
Speaking
triggeringquestions
orally
4',
Reading Askssome pupilsto Readthe vocabulary
readthe vocabulary list loudly
list loudly
8',
fr'hilst-lnstructionaI ListeningReadsthe passage -istento the teacher
the
rho is reading
Activities
passage
ReadI n g Askssome pupilsto Readthe passage
loudly
read the passage
loudly
Listento higher
Listening
friendswho are readirp
the passage
11'
Anslverthe objective
Writing Asksthe pupilsto
answerthe objective type questionsin a
questions,u/hichwrittenway
Itype
lbasedon the passage
3'
)ost-lnstructional
Submittheirworks
Asksthe pupilsto
submittheirworks
Activities
PROCEDURE SKILLS

3.2 Teachingleaming activities with pictorial context and prequestioning
as the prereading

NO
1

2

2

TIME
PUPILS
Replythe teachers
Greetingand
greeting
Pre-lnstructional
2',
Showssomepidures Observethe pictures
Activities
abouthobbies
Listento the teacie/s
Listening Asksthe pupils
kiggeringquestions triggeringques{ions
Answerthe teachefs
Speaking
triggeringquestions
orally
passage
Listento the teactter
Reads
the
listening
Whilst-lnstructional
who is readingthe
Activities
passage
Reading Askssome pupilsto Readthe passage
loudly
read the passage
loudly
Listento higher
Listening
friendswho are readirE
the passage
11'
Answerthe objective
Writing Asksthe pupilsto
questions
in a
answerthe objective type
type questions,whichM/rittenway
basedon the passag€
Submittheirworks
Asksthe pupilsto
Post-lnstruciional
iubmittheirworks
Activities
PROCEDURE SKILLS

TE A C H IN GLE A R N IN GA C TIV ITIE S

TEACHER
Speaking Sreetsthe pupils

l
108

ANSWER KEY

Answer key for prequestioning of class VI A (taught using vocabulary
preteachingand prequestioning):
l. Yes.I do; or
No, I do not.
2. I like swimming/playingbasketbalVplayrngfootbalUetc(any
possibleanswers).
3. I usuallyswim in the dry season.
4. I usuallvski in the winter.
Answer key for prequestioning of class VI B (taught using pictorial
conter(tand prequestioning):
l. He is playingbasketball.
2. He is swimming.
3. I usuallyswim in the swimmingpool.
4. I usually swim in the dry season.
5. The weatherin the dry seasonis hot.
6. They arethinking about playing ski/a ski trip.
(any possibleanswers).
?. I can ski in America/Canada/Australia/etc
8. Yes,I do; or
No, I do not.
9 I usuallyski in the wtnter.
10.The weatherin the winter is cold.

I

.

Answer key for the objective questions:
l.D
2.4
3.A
4.8
5.A
6.C
7.C
8.B
9.B
10.A

I
TREATMENT3
Lessonplan for classVI A, the experimentalgroup I (taught using vocabulary
preteachingand prequestioning)and for classVI B, the experimentalgroup 2
(taught using pictorial context and prequestiontng).

LESSONPLAN
Subject

skiu
Theme

: A Birthday Party

Level ofEducafion : ElementarySchool,gradeM
Semester

:I

Time Allocation : I x40 minutes

A. Competence
1. BasicCompetence
Readinp:
. The pupils are able to comprehend the content of the reading
passagegrven.
2. AchievementIndicators
Listening:
(A)

VocabularyPreteachingandPrequestioning
Pupilsareableto:

(B)

.

Listen to the teacher'striggering questions

.

Listen to the teacherwho is readingthe passage

.

Listen to his friends who are readingthe passage

Pictorial Context and Prequestiomng
Pupilsareableto:
.

Listen to the teacher'striggering questions

.

Listen to the teacherwho is readingthe passage

.

Listen to his friends who are readingthe passage

Speakinq:
(A)

Vocabulary Preteachingand Prequestioning
Pupilsareableto:
.

(B)

Answer the teacher'striggering questionsorally

Pictorial Context and Prequestioning
Pupils re ableto:
.

Answer the teacher'striggering questionsorally

Reading:
(A)

Vocabulary Preteachingand Prequestioning
Pupilsareableto:

(B)

.

Readthe vocabularylist given

.

Readthe readingpassageloudly

Pictorial Context and Prequestiorung
Pupilsareableto:
.

Readthe readingpassageloudly

Witing:
Vocabulary Preteachingand Prequestioning

(A)

Pupilsareableto:
.

Answer the objective type questionsin a written way

Pictorial Context and Prequestioning

(B)

Pupilsareableto:
.

Answer the objective type questionsin a written way

B. I-carning Material and Media
1. LeamingMderial
' A reading passage from Lado English Series 3' Regents
PublishingCompany,Inc.
2. Media
.

Picture aboutabirthday party

C. Teaching and l-earning Activities
l. Approachandtechnique
.

Approach

: CompetencyBasedApproach

'

Technique

: a) Vocabulary preteachingand prequestronrrg
b.) Pictorial context and prequestioning

2. Classactivities
(A)

Vocabulary Preteachingand Prequestioning
Pupils listen to the teachers'triggering questions
Pupils answerthe teacher'striggering questionsorally
Pupils readthe vocabularylist loudly
Pupits read the reading passagegiven loudly
Pupilsanswerthe objectivetype questions

(B)

Pictorial Context and Prequestiontng
Pupilsobservethe pictures
Pupils listen to the teachers'triggering questions
Pupils answerthe triggering questionsorally
Pupils read the reading passagegiven loudly
Pupilsanswerthe objectivetype queshons

D. Assessment
o Pupils individually are mked to answerthe objective type questionsbased
on the readingpassage.

E. Refercnces
a Lado, Robert.Lado English Scries3. 1977.New York: Regents
PublishingCompany,Inc.

I

STUDENTS' WORI(SHEET
(Vocabulary Preteachingand Prcquestioning)
Task I
Read dre vocabularr list below car"efullv!
VocabularyList
Important

penting

Celebration

peray:ran

Invite

mengundang

Gift / present

hadiatl

Candle

lilin

Light

menyalakan/ lampu

Tumoff

mematikan

Blows out

meniup

Wish

permohonan

Concem

perhatian

Get

mendapatkan

Task 2
Read the nassasecarcfullv!
For manypeople,a birthdayis one of the most importantdaysof the year'
It is a time for celebrationswittr family and friends. Children usually like to have
parties on their birthdays. Their parents invite their friends from school for ice
cream and calie, and sometimessandwiches.Everyone sings, plays games, and
eats.The children usually bring gifu too. For somechildren, the nicest part of the
party is openingthe gifu.
It is traditional to have a cake with candleson it. There is one candle for
each year of the child's life. First som@ne lights the cardles and turns off the
lights. Then everyonesings "Happy BirthdaD/."The birthday girl or boy secretly
makesa wish and then blows out the candles.Somechildren believe that the wish
will come true if they blow out all the candleson ttre first try.

Adults are less concemed with birthdays than children. Sometimesftgy
have a cake with only one candle on it, becausethey don't like to talk about their
age. They usually get presentsfrom their families or their very best friends. Or
they mightjust go out for a quiet dinner.

Task 3
Choose the best amwer bascd on the oassaqe!
l. One of the most important days of the year for many people is a
a.) valentineday
b.) birthday
c.) white day
d.) holiday
usuallylike to celebratetheir birthday.

2.

a.) Teenagers
b.) Children
c.) Adults
d.) Babies
J.

What do childrenlike to do on their birthdays?
a.) Flaving dinner
b.) Going to the restaurant
c.) Havingparties
d.) Going to the cafe

4. They eaf

at the parties.
noodle,and sometimesice cream
a.) sandwiches,
b.) cake,ice crearrl and sometimessandwiches
c.) ice crearq hamburger,and sometimescake
d.) orangejuice, cake, and sometimessalad

5. At the party, everyone does these

below. EXCEPT

a.) cooks
b.) eats
c.) playsgames
d.) sings
6. For somechildren,

is the nicestpart ofthe party.

a) blowing out the candles
b.) singing"Happy Birthday"
c.) eatingthe cake
d.) openingthe gifts
7. When you are twelve years old and you celebrateyour birthday, how
many candleswill you have on your birthday cake?
a.) One
b.) Twenty
c.) Two
d.) Twelve
8. What doesthe birthday girl or boy do before blowing out the candles?
a.) He/Shesings'Happy Birthday"
b.) He/Shepraysto the Lord
c.) He/Shemakesa wish
d.) HdShe takesa picture
9. "sometimes thg have a cake with only one candle on it,
underlinedword in paragraph3 refersto a") adults
b.) children
c.) teenagers
d.) babies

" The

ll6

10.Adults celebrate their birthday by the following way, EXCEPT
a ) they get presentsfrom their funilies
b.) they usually have a big party with their friends
c.) th€ryget presentsfrom their very bestfriends
d.) they mightjust go out for a quite dinner

117

(Pictorid Context and Prrcquestioning)

Task I
Look at the pictures below carefullv tten read the oassage!

For many peoplg a birthdayis one of the most importantdaysof theyear.
It is a time for celebrationswith family and friends. Children usually like to have
parties on their birthdays. Their parents invite their friends from school for ice
cream and cake, and sometimessandwiches.Everyone sings, plays games,and
eats.The childrenusuallybring gifu too. For somechildren,the nicestpart of the
party is openingthe gifu.

118

It is traditional to have a cake with candleson it. There is one candle for
eachyear of the child's life. First someonelights the candlesand tums off the
lights. Then everyonesings"Happy Birthday." The birthday girl or boy secretly
makesa wish and then blows out the candles.Somechildrenbelievethat the wish
will cometrue if they blow out all the candleson the first try.
Adults are less concemed with birthdays than children. Sometimes@gy
havea caliewith only one candleon it, becausethe_vdon't like to talk abouttheir
age. They usually get presentsfrom their families or their very best friends. Or
they might just go out for a quiet dinner.
Task 2
ChooselAe best answer basedon the nassase!
1. One of the most important days of the year for mary people is a

a.) valentineday
b.) birthday
c.) white day
d.) holiday
2.

usually like to celebratetheir birthday.
a.) Teenagers
b.) Children
c.) Adults
d.) Babies

3 . Whal do childrenlike to do on their birthdays?
a.) Havingdinner
b.) Going to the restaurant
c.) I{avrngparties
d.) Going to the cafe

ll9

at the parties.

4. The,yeat

noodle,and sometimesice cream
a) sandwiches,
b.) cake,ice crean! and sometimessandwiches
c.) ice cream,hamburger,and sometimescake
d.) orangejuice, cake,and sometimessalad
5. At the party, everyone does these activities below, EXCEPT

a") cooks
b.) eats
c.) playsgames
d.) srngs
6. For somechildren,

is the nicestpart ofthe party.

a.) blowing out the candles
b.) singing"HaPPyBirthdaY"
c.) eatingthe cake
d.) openingthe gitu
When you are twelve years old and you celebrateyour birthday, how
many candleswill you haveon your birthdaycake?
a.) One
b.) Twenf
c.) Two
d.) Twelve
8 . What doesthe birthdaygirl or boy do beforeblowing out