NEEDS FOR LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS IN Needs For Love And Belongingness In Maclachlan’s Sarah, Plain And Tall Novel: A Humanistic Psychological Approach.
NEEDS FOR LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS IN
MACLACHLAN’S SARAH, PLAIN AND TALL NOVEL:
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
P
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement
For Getting Bachelor Degree of
Education in English Department
by
NASIR ANSHORI
A 320 030 214
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2012
i
APPROVAL
NEEDS FOR LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS IN
MACLACHLAN’S SARAH, PLAIN AND TALL NOVEL:
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
NASIR ANSHORI
A 320030214
Approved to be examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant 1
Consultant 2
(Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.) (Drs. Anam Sutopo, M. Hum.)
ii
ACCEPTANCE
NEEDS FOR LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS IN
MACLACHLAN’S SARAH, PLAIN AND TALL NOVEL:
A HUMANISTIC PSYCOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
NASIR ANSHORI
A.320030214
Acceptance by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Team Examiners
1. (Drs Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.)
(
)
(
)
(First Examiners)
2. (Drs. Anam Sutopo, M. Hum.)
(Second Examiners)
3. (Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S. Pd. M. Ed.)
(
(Third Examiner)
Dean
(Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si. )
(
)
NIK. 547
iii
)
STATEMENT
I hereby assert that there is no plagiarism in this research paper. There is no
other work that has been submitted to obtain the bachelor degree and as far as I
am concerned there is no opinion that has been written or published before, except
the writer references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography. If any incorrectness is proved in the future dealing with my
statement above, I will be fully responsible.
February 20 2012
iv
D ED I CATI ON
T h is r es ear ch paper is dedicat ed f or :
Al l ah S W T .
R as u l u l l ah Mu h ammad S AW .
H is t each er s an d l ect u r er s in S uk oh ar j o
an d S u r ak ar t a.
H is bel ov ed mot h er in par adis e.
H is w is e bel ov ed f at h er , s is t er , n eph ew ,
aun t an d u n cl e w h o al w ays s u ppor t h im.
H is f amil y an d f r ien ds in S u k oh ar j o an d
S u r ak ar t a
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahirobbil Alamin Praise to be Allah SWT, for blessing and
guiding the researcher in completing this research paper as a partial fulfillment
for bachelor degree in English Department. In this opportunity, the researcher
wants to extend his great thanks to the following persons as follows:
1. Prof. Dr. H. Bambang Setiaji, M. Sc as the Rector of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
2. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si as the Dean of English Department of School of
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Titis Setyabudi, SS,M.Hum. as the Chief of English Department School of
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
4. First consultant Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum, who has given great
help, guidance, motivate and correction.
5. Second consultant Drs. Anam Sutopo, M.Hum, who has given help, guidance,
motivate and correction consultant and.
6. Third examiner Dr. Dewi Candraningrum who has given help, guidance and
examine him.
7. Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum, as the Academic Advisor.
8. All of the librarians in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for giving
permission and privilege to obtain the required references.
vi
9. All of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta workers.
10. His beloved friends at English Department in Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta.
11. His beloved friends and family in Bekonang Sukoharjo Solo Central Java.
The researcher realizes that this research paper is still far from being
perfect. However, to progress the next study, he invites readers to give comments,
criticism and suggestions. He also hopes that this study has a benefit and gives
contribution for following study in the similar literary works. Finally the
researcher thanks to Allah SWT and Rasullullah Muhammad SAW and for all of
the people who have support and help him.
Wassalamualaikum Wr.Wb.
Surakarta, February 20
vii
2012
M OTTO
1.
“Takdir
bukanlah
masalah
kesempatan,
tapi
masalah
pilihan.
Takdir bukanlah sesuatu yang ditunggu, tapi sesuatu yang harus diraih.”
(W illiam Jennings Brian)
2. “D ispereet N ied.” (Jan Peterzoon Coen)
2. “Orang pesimis adalah orang yang membuat kesulitan dari kesempatan,
sementara orang optimis adalah orang yang membuat kesempatan dari
kesulitan.” (H arry Truman)
2. “Kita harus menderita salah satunya: sakit karena disiplin atau kecewa
karena malas.” (Jim Rohn)
4. “Kuarahkan pandanganku menatap ke depan dengan seribu harapan dan
meninggalkan seribu ketakutan di belakang sana.” (Thomas Jefferson)
5. “Rahasia kesuksesan terletak pada konsistensi terhadap tujuan yang telah
ditetapkan.” (Benjamin D israeli)
viii
ABSTRACT
NASIR
ANSHORI.A320030214.
NEEDS
FOR
LOVE
AND
BELONGINGNESS IN MACLACHLAN’S SARAH, PLAIN AND TALL
NOVEL: A HUMANISTIC
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH.
RESEARCH
PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY
OF
SURAKARTA.
The major problem of this study is Caleb who lost love and care from his
mother because his mother died the day after Caleb was born. The objectives of
the study are to analyze the novel based on its structural elements and to analyze
the novel based on Humanistic Psychological Approach..
In analyzing Sarah Plain and Tall story the researcher uses qualitative
method and Humanistic Psychological Approach. The object of the study is
Patricia Maclachlan’ Sarah Plain and Tall, published by Harper Collins Publisher
Inc 2004. The data sources are primary data and secondary data. The primary data
source is the novel Sarah Plain and Tall itself and the secondary data sources are
the other sources related to the analysis such as the author’s biography, the book
of fiction, the book of psychoanalytic, dictionary, virtual references and the other
relevant information that support this research. The method of data collection is
library research by collecting and recording both of the primary and secondary
data. The technique of data analysis used in this study is descriptive analysis.
Based on the analysis above, the researcher draws the following
conclusions: first, the researcher concludes that the elements of the novel present
a good unity that consists of exposition, complication, climax, and resolution;
second, Love and care of a mother are very needed by a child.
Consultant 1
Consultant 2
(Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum).
(Drs. Anam Sutopo, M. Hum).
Mengetahui,
Dekan FKIP
Drs.Sofyan Anif, M.Si
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE................................................................................................................ i i
APPROVAL..................................................................................................... iiii
ACCEPTANCE............................................................................................... iiiiii
STATEMENT................................................................................................. iviv
DEDICATION................................................................................................. v v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT................................................................................ vivi
MOTTO........................................................................................................... viii
viii
ABSTRACT...................................................................................................... ix
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT.................................................................................. xx
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION.................................................................. 1 1
A. Background of Study..............................................................1 1
B. Previous Study....................................................................... 6 6
C. Problem Statement................................................................. 6 6
D. Limitation of the Study..........................................................6 6
E. Objectives of the study...........................................................6 6
F. Benefits of the Study..............................................................6 6
1. Theoretical Benefit............................................................7 7
2. Practical Benefit.................................................................7 7
G. Research Method...................................................................7 7
1. Type of the Study..............................................................7 7
x
2. Object of the study…………………………………….... 7
3. Type of the Data and the Data Source...............................7 7
a. The Primary Data Source………………….…………….77
b. The Secondary Data Source……………….……………8 8
4. Technique of the Data Collection.........................................88
5. Technique of the Data Analysis…………………………...9 9
H. Research Paper Organization....................................................99
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY.....................................................10
10
11
A. Major Principle of Humanistic Psychological Approach........11
11
1. A Physiological Needs……………………………………11
2. Safety and Security Needs……………………..…….......12
12
3. Need for Love and Belongingness……………..……..….12
12
4. Self- Esteem Needs……………………………………….13
13
14
5. Self Actualization Needs………………………………….14
14
B. Structural Elements of the Novel…………………………… 14
1. Character and Characterization……………………………15
15
2. Setting……………………………………………………...16
16
3. Plot………………………………………………...………..17
17
17
a. Exposition………………………………………..………17
17
b. Complication……………………………………..………17
c. Climax………………………………………….………..18
18
d. Resolution…………………………………….…………18
18
4. Point of View…………………………………………..……18
18
19
xi
5. Theme …………………………………………………
19
19
6. Style…………………………………………………….....19
20
C. Theoretical Application..........................................................20
22
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS..............................................22
22
A. Structural Elements.............................................................22
22
1. Character and Characterization........................................22
23
a. Major Character............................................................23
32
b. Minor Character...........................................................32
36
2. Setting...............................................................................36
36
a. Setting of Place.............................................................36
41
b. Setting of Time.............................................................41
42
3. Plot...................................................................................42
42
a. Exposition....................................................................42
44
b. Complication................................................................44
47
c. Climax...........................................................................47
d. Resolution.................................................................... 49
49
50
4. Point of View....................................................................50
51
5. Theme...............................................................................51
51
6. Style...................................................................................51
52
a. Grammatical structure………………………………...52
53
b. Sentence Construction...................................................53
53
c. Diction...........................................................................53
54
d. Figurative Language.....................................................54
xii
B. Discussion............................................................................59
68
CHAPTER IV: HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS............68
68
A. The Needs of Caleb……………………………………………68
68
1. A Physiological Needs…………………………………….. 68
70
2. Safety and Security Needs…………………………….........70
71
3. Need for Love and Belongingness……………………….….71
72
4. Self- Esteem Needs………………………………………….72
73
5. Self Actualization Needs………………………………….….73
75
B. Discussion.....................................................................................75
78
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION...................................78
78
A. Conclusion.............................................................................78
79
B. Suggestion.............................................................................79
80
BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………….80
81
VIRTUAL REFERENCES………………………………………………......81
82
APPENDIX……………………………………………………………………82
83
Synopsis………………………………………………………………………...83
xiii
MACLACHLAN’S SARAH, PLAIN AND TALL NOVEL:
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
P
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement
For Getting Bachelor Degree of
Education in English Department
by
NASIR ANSHORI
A 320 030 214
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2012
i
APPROVAL
NEEDS FOR LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS IN
MACLACHLAN’S SARAH, PLAIN AND TALL NOVEL:
A HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
NASIR ANSHORI
A 320030214
Approved to be examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant 1
Consultant 2
(Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.) (Drs. Anam Sutopo, M. Hum.)
ii
ACCEPTANCE
NEEDS FOR LOVE AND BELONGINGNESS IN
MACLACHLAN’S SARAH, PLAIN AND TALL NOVEL:
A HUMANISTIC PSYCOLOGICAL APPROACH
by:
NASIR ANSHORI
A.320030214
Acceptance by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Team Examiners
1. (Drs Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum.)
(
)
(
)
(First Examiners)
2. (Drs. Anam Sutopo, M. Hum.)
(Second Examiners)
3. (Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S. Pd. M. Ed.)
(
(Third Examiner)
Dean
(Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si. )
(
)
NIK. 547
iii
)
STATEMENT
I hereby assert that there is no plagiarism in this research paper. There is no
other work that has been submitted to obtain the bachelor degree and as far as I
am concerned there is no opinion that has been written or published before, except
the writer references which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the
bibliography. If any incorrectness is proved in the future dealing with my
statement above, I will be fully responsible.
February 20 2012
iv
D ED I CATI ON
T h is r es ear ch paper is dedicat ed f or :
Al l ah S W T .
R as u l u l l ah Mu h ammad S AW .
H is t each er s an d l ect u r er s in S uk oh ar j o
an d S u r ak ar t a.
H is bel ov ed mot h er in par adis e.
H is w is e bel ov ed f at h er , s is t er , n eph ew ,
aun t an d u n cl e w h o al w ays s u ppor t h im.
H is f amil y an d f r ien ds in S u k oh ar j o an d
S u r ak ar t a
v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Bismillahirrahmanirrahim
Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahirobbil Alamin Praise to be Allah SWT, for blessing and
guiding the researcher in completing this research paper as a partial fulfillment
for bachelor degree in English Department. In this opportunity, the researcher
wants to extend his great thanks to the following persons as follows:
1. Prof. Dr. H. Bambang Setiaji, M. Sc as the Rector of Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
2. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si as the Dean of English Department of School of
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
3. Titis Setyabudi, SS,M.Hum. as the Chief of English Department School of
Training and Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
4. First consultant Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum, who has given great
help, guidance, motivate and correction.
5. Second consultant Drs. Anam Sutopo, M.Hum, who has given help, guidance,
motivate and correction consultant and.
6. Third examiner Dr. Dewi Candraningrum who has given help, guidance and
examine him.
7. Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M. Hum, as the Academic Advisor.
8. All of the librarians in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for giving
permission and privilege to obtain the required references.
vi
9. All of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta workers.
10. His beloved friends at English Department in Muhammadiyah University of
Surakarta.
11. His beloved friends and family in Bekonang Sukoharjo Solo Central Java.
The researcher realizes that this research paper is still far from being
perfect. However, to progress the next study, he invites readers to give comments,
criticism and suggestions. He also hopes that this study has a benefit and gives
contribution for following study in the similar literary works. Finally the
researcher thanks to Allah SWT and Rasullullah Muhammad SAW and for all of
the people who have support and help him.
Wassalamualaikum Wr.Wb.
Surakarta, February 20
vii
2012
M OTTO
1.
“Takdir
bukanlah
masalah
kesempatan,
tapi
masalah
pilihan.
Takdir bukanlah sesuatu yang ditunggu, tapi sesuatu yang harus diraih.”
(W illiam Jennings Brian)
2. “D ispereet N ied.” (Jan Peterzoon Coen)
2. “Orang pesimis adalah orang yang membuat kesulitan dari kesempatan,
sementara orang optimis adalah orang yang membuat kesempatan dari
kesulitan.” (H arry Truman)
2. “Kita harus menderita salah satunya: sakit karena disiplin atau kecewa
karena malas.” (Jim Rohn)
4. “Kuarahkan pandanganku menatap ke depan dengan seribu harapan dan
meninggalkan seribu ketakutan di belakang sana.” (Thomas Jefferson)
5. “Rahasia kesuksesan terletak pada konsistensi terhadap tujuan yang telah
ditetapkan.” (Benjamin D israeli)
viii
ABSTRACT
NASIR
ANSHORI.A320030214.
NEEDS
FOR
LOVE
AND
BELONGINGNESS IN MACLACHLAN’S SARAH, PLAIN AND TALL
NOVEL: A HUMANISTIC
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH.
RESEARCH
PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY
OF
SURAKARTA.
The major problem of this study is Caleb who lost love and care from his
mother because his mother died the day after Caleb was born. The objectives of
the study are to analyze the novel based on its structural elements and to analyze
the novel based on Humanistic Psychological Approach..
In analyzing Sarah Plain and Tall story the researcher uses qualitative
method and Humanistic Psychological Approach. The object of the study is
Patricia Maclachlan’ Sarah Plain and Tall, published by Harper Collins Publisher
Inc 2004. The data sources are primary data and secondary data. The primary data
source is the novel Sarah Plain and Tall itself and the secondary data sources are
the other sources related to the analysis such as the author’s biography, the book
of fiction, the book of psychoanalytic, dictionary, virtual references and the other
relevant information that support this research. The method of data collection is
library research by collecting and recording both of the primary and secondary
data. The technique of data analysis used in this study is descriptive analysis.
Based on the analysis above, the researcher draws the following
conclusions: first, the researcher concludes that the elements of the novel present
a good unity that consists of exposition, complication, climax, and resolution;
second, Love and care of a mother are very needed by a child.
Consultant 1
Consultant 2
(Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum).
(Drs. Anam Sutopo, M. Hum).
Mengetahui,
Dekan FKIP
Drs.Sofyan Anif, M.Si
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE................................................................................................................ i i
APPROVAL..................................................................................................... iiii
ACCEPTANCE............................................................................................... iiiiii
STATEMENT................................................................................................. iviv
DEDICATION................................................................................................. v v
ACKNOWLEDGMENT................................................................................ vivi
MOTTO........................................................................................................... viii
viii
ABSTRACT...................................................................................................... ix
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT.................................................................................. xx
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION.................................................................. 1 1
A. Background of Study..............................................................1 1
B. Previous Study....................................................................... 6 6
C. Problem Statement................................................................. 6 6
D. Limitation of the Study..........................................................6 6
E. Objectives of the study...........................................................6 6
F. Benefits of the Study..............................................................6 6
1. Theoretical Benefit............................................................7 7
2. Practical Benefit.................................................................7 7
G. Research Method...................................................................7 7
1. Type of the Study..............................................................7 7
x
2. Object of the study…………………………………….... 7
3. Type of the Data and the Data Source...............................7 7
a. The Primary Data Source………………….…………….77
b. The Secondary Data Source……………….……………8 8
4. Technique of the Data Collection.........................................88
5. Technique of the Data Analysis…………………………...9 9
H. Research Paper Organization....................................................99
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY.....................................................10
10
11
A. Major Principle of Humanistic Psychological Approach........11
11
1. A Physiological Needs……………………………………11
2. Safety and Security Needs……………………..…….......12
12
3. Need for Love and Belongingness……………..……..….12
12
4. Self- Esteem Needs……………………………………….13
13
14
5. Self Actualization Needs………………………………….14
14
B. Structural Elements of the Novel…………………………… 14
1. Character and Characterization……………………………15
15
2. Setting……………………………………………………...16
16
3. Plot………………………………………………...………..17
17
17
a. Exposition………………………………………..………17
17
b. Complication……………………………………..………17
c. Climax………………………………………….………..18
18
d. Resolution…………………………………….…………18
18
4. Point of View…………………………………………..……18
18
19
xi
5. Theme …………………………………………………
19
19
6. Style…………………………………………………….....19
20
C. Theoretical Application..........................................................20
22
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS..............................................22
22
A. Structural Elements.............................................................22
22
1. Character and Characterization........................................22
23
a. Major Character............................................................23
32
b. Minor Character...........................................................32
36
2. Setting...............................................................................36
36
a. Setting of Place.............................................................36
41
b. Setting of Time.............................................................41
42
3. Plot...................................................................................42
42
a. Exposition....................................................................42
44
b. Complication................................................................44
47
c. Climax...........................................................................47
d. Resolution.................................................................... 49
49
50
4. Point of View....................................................................50
51
5. Theme...............................................................................51
51
6. Style...................................................................................51
52
a. Grammatical structure………………………………...52
53
b. Sentence Construction...................................................53
53
c. Diction...........................................................................53
54
d. Figurative Language.....................................................54
xii
B. Discussion............................................................................59
68
CHAPTER IV: HUMANISTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ANALYSIS............68
68
A. The Needs of Caleb……………………………………………68
68
1. A Physiological Needs…………………………………….. 68
70
2. Safety and Security Needs…………………………….........70
71
3. Need for Love and Belongingness……………………….….71
72
4. Self- Esteem Needs………………………………………….72
73
5. Self Actualization Needs………………………………….….73
75
B. Discussion.....................................................................................75
78
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION...................................78
78
A. Conclusion.............................................................................78
79
B. Suggestion.............................................................................79
80
BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………….80
81
VIRTUAL REFERENCES………………………………………………......81
82
APPENDIX……………………………………………………………………82
83
Synopsis………………………………………………………………………...83
xiii