DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERSONALITY-PERFECTION REFLECTED IN CHARLES DICKENS’S A CHRISTMAS CAROL Development Of Human Personalityperfection Reflected In Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol Novel (1843): A Psychoanalytic Approach.
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERSONALITY-PERFECTION
REFLECTED IN CHARLES DICKENS’S A CHRISTMAS CAROL
NOVEL (1843):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of Requirement
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
SRI SUPADMI
A 320 100 044
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
i
APPROVAL
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERSONALITY-PERFECTION
REFLECTED IN CHARLES DICKENS’S A CHRISTMAS CAROL
NOVEL (1843):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
SRI SUPADMI
A 320 100 044
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum
Nur Hidayat, S.Pd
NIK. 589
NIK. 771
ii
ACCEPTANCE
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERSONALITY-PERFECTION
REFLECTED IN CHARLES DICKENS’S A CHRISTMAS CAROL
NOVEL (1843):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
by:
SRI SUPADMI
A 320 100 044
Accepted by the Board of Examiners School of Teaching Training and
Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On July 2014
Team of Examiners:
1. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum
(
)
(
)
(
)
(Chair Person)
2. Nur Hidayat, S.Pd
(Secretary)
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S
(Member)
The Dean of Teacher Training
And education Faculty,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum.
NIP. 19650428 199303 1001
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify that in this research paper, it is not plagiarism of the
previous literary work which has been conducted to obtain the bachelor degree of
university. There is no the masterpiece which is written from the opinion of the
others, expect the opinions in the literature review, underlying theory, and
bibliography.
Therefore, if it is proved and there gets incorrectness statements above, I will
be fully responsible.
Surakarta, 13 Mei 2014
The Researcher
Sri Supadmi
iv
MOTTO
Allah will never change the person’ destiny until they change it by them selves.
(AR-RAD: 11)
You may delay, but time will not…
(Benjamin Franklin)
Don’t ask where we are now, but ask where we will go the next…
(Researcher)
v
DEDICATON
The researcher dedicates this research paper to:
Allah SWT, who always gives me the strength and patient to finish this
project.
My beloved parents are “Bapak Pardi” and “Ibu Warni” for their
praying, supporting, and guiding all the way.
My beloved grandmas are “Mbah Satiyem” and “Mbah Wagiyah” who
always give me pray.
My beloved young sister is Isna.
My beloved fiancé, Sudarno, who always encourages and supports me for
this time.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahi Robbil ‘alaimiin, praise and thank to Allah SWT who always
gives mercy to this research paper as the result that, the researcher can be able to
fulfill the requirement for the bachelor degree in English Department.
From the gratitude, the researcher wants to express it to:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum as the Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat H. Ph.D., as the Head of English Department School and
Education Faculty.
3. The first consultant, Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho M. Hum who always gives
guidance and correction to this research paper.
4. The second consultant, Nur Hidayat, S.Pd who always gives correction from
the weakness of this research paper.
5. Her beloved parents are “Bapak Pardi” and “Ibu Warni” for their supporting,
praying, and guiding
6. Her beloved sister is Isna for her prying.
7. Her beloved fiancé is “Mz. Sudarno” for his encouragement and support.
vii
8. All of partners in SMP Al-Islam Kartasura, who have been a great friendship
for this time.
9. Her beloved best friends in Az-Zahra Boardinghouse, who are Riyana, Lely,
Winda, Endang, Rida, Anis, Farida, Mbk Ida, Naim, Suci, Lina, Ida Geboy,
Mbk Lilis, Agis, Jessy, Zuroh, Miftah and Ubed for their friendship.
The researcher knows and realizes that this research paper is not perfect and
many the weaknesses that are far from perfection. Therefore, the researcher hopes
criticism and suggestion from the other researchers and readers for this research in
order to be better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Surakarta, 13 Mei 2014
Sri Supadmi
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE ..........................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ...........................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY ..............................................................................................
iv
MOTTO .......................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION .............................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..........................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ..............................................................................
ix
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................
xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ..............................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ..............................................
1
B. Literature Review .........................................................
7
C. Problem Statement .......................................................
8
D. Limitation of the Study ................................................
8
E. Objective of the Study ..................................................
8
F. Benefit of The Study ....................................................
9
G. Research Method ..........................................................
10
H. Research Paper Organization .......................................
11
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ...............................................
13
A. Psychoanalytic Theory .................................................
13
1. Notion of Psychoanalytic .......................................
13
2. Structural of Personality .........................................
14
a. The Id ...............................................................
15
b. The Ego ............................................................
16
c. The Superego ...................................................
17
ix
B. The Structural Element of Novel ..................................
18
1. Character and Characterization ..............................
18
2. Plot .........................................................................
18
3. Setting ....................................................................
20
4. Point of View .........................................................
20
5. Style .......................................................................
21
6. Theme .....................................................................
22
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ..........................................
23
A. Structural Element of A Christmas Carol Novel ........
23
1. Character and Characterization ..............................
23
2. Setting ....................................................................
39
3. Plot .........................................................................
44
4. Point of View .........................................................
48
5. Style .......................................................................
49
6. Theme .....................................................................
55
B. Discussion ....................................................................
56
CHAPTER IV: PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ................................
59
A. Structure of Ebenezer Scrooge’s Personality ...............
59
1. The Id .....................................................................
59
2. The Ego ..................................................................
61
3. The Superego .........................................................
63
B. Discussion ....................................................................
66
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .............................
69
A. Conclusion ...................................................................
69
B. Suggestion ....................................................................
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
x
ABSTRACT
Sri Supadmi, A 320 100 044. DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERSONALITYPERFECTION REFLECTED IN CHARLES DICKENS’S A CHRISTMAS
CAROL NOVEL (1843): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. Research Paper.
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta 2014.
The major problem in this study is to show the development of human
personality-perfection in Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol novel by using
Psychoanalytic approach.
In this research, the researcher uses qualitative research. The data of this study
is from primary data source and secondary data source. The primary data source is A
Christmas Carol novel while the secondary data sources are literary books, the
author’s biography, and the other relevant information. The data collection is
collected from library research and the technique of the data is analyzed by
descriptive analysis.
The result of this study shows the following findings. First, from the structural
analysis, it shows that Charles Dickens wants to convey the message how the human
personality is subordinated by money and how they develop their personality from
the error ways to be better. Second, based on Psychoanalytic analysis, Charles
Dickens wants to convey the psychological phenomenon that tends to lead and give
the development of human personality transformation in A Christmas Carol novel. He
creates someone’s heart awareness where the person can change his personality and
gives the best selection.
Keyword:Human
HumanPersonality-Perfection,
Personality-Perfection,AAChristmas
ChristmasCarol,
Carol,Psychoanalytic
Psychoanalytic
Approach.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum
Nur Hidayat, S.Pd
NIK. 589
NIK. 771
Dean
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum
NIP. 19650428 199303 1001
xi
REFLECTED IN CHARLES DICKENS’S A CHRISTMAS CAROL
NOVEL (1843):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of Requirement
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
SRI SUPADMI
A 320 100 044
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2014
i
APPROVAL
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERSONALITY-PERFECTION
REFLECTED IN CHARLES DICKENS’S A CHRISTMAS CAROL
NOVEL (1843):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
SRI SUPADMI
A 320 100 044
Approved to be Examined by the Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum
Nur Hidayat, S.Pd
NIK. 589
NIK. 771
ii
ACCEPTANCE
DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERSONALITY-PERFECTION
REFLECTED IN CHARLES DICKENS’S A CHRISTMAS CAROL
NOVEL (1843):
A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH
by:
SRI SUPADMI
A 320 100 044
Accepted by the Board of Examiners School of Teaching Training and
Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On July 2014
Team of Examiners:
1. Drs. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum
(
)
(
)
(
)
(Chair Person)
2. Nur Hidayat, S.Pd
(Secretary)
3. Dr. M. Thoyibi, M.S
(Member)
The Dean of Teacher Training
And education Faculty,
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum.
NIP. 19650428 199303 1001
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify that in this research paper, it is not plagiarism of the
previous literary work which has been conducted to obtain the bachelor degree of
university. There is no the masterpiece which is written from the opinion of the
others, expect the opinions in the literature review, underlying theory, and
bibliography.
Therefore, if it is proved and there gets incorrectness statements above, I will
be fully responsible.
Surakarta, 13 Mei 2014
The Researcher
Sri Supadmi
iv
MOTTO
Allah will never change the person’ destiny until they change it by them selves.
(AR-RAD: 11)
You may delay, but time will not…
(Benjamin Franklin)
Don’t ask where we are now, but ask where we will go the next…
(Researcher)
v
DEDICATON
The researcher dedicates this research paper to:
Allah SWT, who always gives me the strength and patient to finish this
project.
My beloved parents are “Bapak Pardi” and “Ibu Warni” for their
praying, supporting, and guiding all the way.
My beloved grandmas are “Mbah Satiyem” and “Mbah Wagiyah” who
always give me pray.
My beloved young sister is Isna.
My beloved fiancé, Sudarno, who always encourages and supports me for
this time.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahi Robbil ‘alaimiin, praise and thank to Allah SWT who always
gives mercy to this research paper as the result that, the researcher can be able to
fulfill the requirement for the bachelor degree in English Department.
From the gratitude, the researcher wants to express it to:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum as the Dean of School of Teacher
Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat H. Ph.D., as the Head of English Department School and
Education Faculty.
3. The first consultant, Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho M. Hum who always gives
guidance and correction to this research paper.
4. The second consultant, Nur Hidayat, S.Pd who always gives correction from
the weakness of this research paper.
5. Her beloved parents are “Bapak Pardi” and “Ibu Warni” for their supporting,
praying, and guiding
6. Her beloved sister is Isna for her prying.
7. Her beloved fiancé is “Mz. Sudarno” for his encouragement and support.
vii
8. All of partners in SMP Al-Islam Kartasura, who have been a great friendship
for this time.
9. Her beloved best friends in Az-Zahra Boardinghouse, who are Riyana, Lely,
Winda, Endang, Rida, Anis, Farida, Mbk Ida, Naim, Suci, Lina, Ida Geboy,
Mbk Lilis, Agis, Jessy, Zuroh, Miftah and Ubed for their friendship.
The researcher knows and realizes that this research paper is not perfect and
many the weaknesses that are far from perfection. Therefore, the researcher hopes
criticism and suggestion from the other researchers and readers for this research in
order to be better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Surakarta, 13 Mei 2014
Sri Supadmi
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
Page
TITLE ..........................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL ................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ...........................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY ..............................................................................................
iv
MOTTO .......................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION .............................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..........................................................................
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT ..............................................................................
ix
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................
xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ..............................................................
1
A. Background of the Study ..............................................
1
B. Literature Review .........................................................
7
C. Problem Statement .......................................................
8
D. Limitation of the Study ................................................
8
E. Objective of the Study ..................................................
8
F. Benefit of The Study ....................................................
9
G. Research Method ..........................................................
10
H. Research Paper Organization .......................................
11
CHAPTER II: UNDERLYING THEORY ...............................................
13
A. Psychoanalytic Theory .................................................
13
1. Notion of Psychoanalytic .......................................
13
2. Structural of Personality .........................................
14
a. The Id ...............................................................
15
b. The Ego ............................................................
16
c. The Superego ...................................................
17
ix
B. The Structural Element of Novel ..................................
18
1. Character and Characterization ..............................
18
2. Plot .........................................................................
18
3. Setting ....................................................................
20
4. Point of View .........................................................
20
5. Style .......................................................................
21
6. Theme .....................................................................
22
CHAPTER III: STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ..........................................
23
A. Structural Element of A Christmas Carol Novel ........
23
1. Character and Characterization ..............................
23
2. Setting ....................................................................
39
3. Plot .........................................................................
44
4. Point of View .........................................................
48
5. Style .......................................................................
49
6. Theme .....................................................................
55
B. Discussion ....................................................................
56
CHAPTER IV: PSYCHOANALYTIC ANALYSIS ................................
59
A. Structure of Ebenezer Scrooge’s Personality ...............
59
1. The Id .....................................................................
59
2. The Ego ..................................................................
61
3. The Superego .........................................................
63
B. Discussion ....................................................................
66
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .............................
69
A. Conclusion ...................................................................
69
B. Suggestion ....................................................................
70
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
x
ABSTRACT
Sri Supadmi, A 320 100 044. DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN PERSONALITYPERFECTION REFLECTED IN CHARLES DICKENS’S A CHRISTMAS
CAROL NOVEL (1843): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH. Research Paper.
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta 2014.
The major problem in this study is to show the development of human
personality-perfection in Charles Dickens’s A Christmas Carol novel by using
Psychoanalytic approach.
In this research, the researcher uses qualitative research. The data of this study
is from primary data source and secondary data source. The primary data source is A
Christmas Carol novel while the secondary data sources are literary books, the
author’s biography, and the other relevant information. The data collection is
collected from library research and the technique of the data is analyzed by
descriptive analysis.
The result of this study shows the following findings. First, from the structural
analysis, it shows that Charles Dickens wants to convey the message how the human
personality is subordinated by money and how they develop their personality from
the error ways to be better. Second, based on Psychoanalytic analysis, Charles
Dickens wants to convey the psychological phenomenon that tends to lead and give
the development of human personality transformation in A Christmas Carol novel. He
creates someone’s heart awareness where the person can change his personality and
gives the best selection.
Keyword:Human
HumanPersonality-Perfection,
Personality-Perfection,AAChristmas
ChristmasCarol,
Carol,Psychoanalytic
Psychoanalytic
Approach.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M. Hum
Nur Hidayat, S.Pd
NIK. 589
NIK. 771
Dean
Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum
NIP. 19650428 199303 1001
xi