Assuage of Voltage Swell and Sag problems with UPQC Based on Adaptive Multi Converter for the Enhancement of Power Quality at Fault and Dynamic Load Condition.
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
Assuage of Voltage Swell and Sag problems with UPQC Based on
Adaptive Multi Converter for the Enhancement of Power Quality at
Fault and Dynamic Load Condition
MASTER THESIS
Organized to Meet a Part of the Requirements to Achieve the Master Degree of
Mechanical Engineering Department / Specialization of Electrical Engineering
for Renewable Energy
By
MOHAMED .A. FARAG
S951302506
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2015
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
commitii to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
commitiiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
With the continuous outstanding development of electronic devices, the power
quality problems have been remarked as a great growing concern, whereas voltage
sag and swell problem are the most frequently occurring and detrimental power
quality problems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to mitigate voltage sag and
swell problem with UPQC using proposed adaptive multi converter (AMC). The
proposed device was implemented during generating voltage sag and swell problem
in electronic appliance. The quick response view of AMC-UPQC power distribution
system with regard to reactive power was illustrated at 0.02 sec. The results showed
that the developed converter was capable to compensate the voltage sag problem by
99.72%, 96.24%, 94.45% and the voltage swell by 93.33%, 83.33%, 77.27% at 1phase, 2-phase, and 3-phase, respectively. Besides, it can combat the dynamic load
significantly, 87.06 % and 75 % at voltage sag and swell condition respectively. The
unique feature of AMC-UPQC is the rate of potentiality of voltage sag /swell
mitigation notably higher compared to conventional UPQC as adaptive multi
converter responses on account of reactive power quickly and timely. As a result, the
developed power distribution system was substantiated as a proficient compensator
for the reactive power requirement of the load and in future it can be used as a fancy
power distribution system for the protection of dynamic load.
Key words : Sag, swell, AMC, UPQC, reactive power.
commitivto user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
CONTENT LIST
TITLE....................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL PAGE ..............................................................................................
ii
ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................................
iv
CONTENT LIST ...................................................................................................
v
FIGURE LIST .......................................................................................................
vii
TABLE LIST ........................................................................................................
ix
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................
1
1.1 Background ........................................................................
1
1.2 Problem Statement .............................................................
3
1.3 Objectives ..........................................................................
4
1.4 Potential Benefits ................................................................
4
CHAPTHER II LITERATURE REVIEW .........................................................
5
2.1 Power Quality ....................................................................
5
2.2 Power Quality Issues .........................................................
5
2.3 Voltage Sags ......................................................................
7
2.4 General Causes of Voltages Sags ......................................
8
2.4.1 Voltage Sags Due to Fault .....................................
8
2.4.2 Voltage Sags Due to Motor Starting ......................
8
2.4.3 Voltage Swells .......................................................
9
2.4.4 General Causes of Voltage Swells .........................
10
2.5 Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) ....................
10
RESEARCH METHOD ..........................................................
14
3.1 Contribution .......................................................................
14
3.2 Adaptive Multi-converter ..................................................
17
3.3 Flowchart of Adaptive Multi-Converter (AMC) ...............
19
3.4 Flow Chart of the Research Methodology .........................
21
3.5 Dynamic load .....................................................................
22
CHAPTER III
commitv to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
CHAPTER IV
digilib.uns.ac.id
RESULT AND ANALYSIS .....................................................
23
4.1 Results and Discussion ......................................................
23
4.2 Comparison scenario of assuage voltage sag and swell at
different phase ...................................................................
28
4.3 Comparison the response view of AMC UPQC system at
different phase ...................................................................
31
CONCLUSION.........................................................................
36
5.1 Conclusion ..........................................................................
36
5.2 Suggestion...........................................................................
36
REFERENCE .......................................................................................................
37
CHAPTER V
commitvito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
FIGURE LIST
Figure 2.1
Power Quality Issues ....................................................................
6
Figure 2.2
An Example of Voltage Sag ..........................................................
7
Figure 2.3
Voltage Swell in the Phase-to-Phase Voltage Between a
Faultless Phase and the Faulted Phase During an SLG Fault. .......
10
Figure 2.4
Typical Multi-UPQC Used in a Distribution System ....................
12
Figure 3.1
Simulink Model for UPQC with Adaptive Multi Converter .........
14
Figure 3.2
Flowchart Adaptive Multi-Converter (AMC) ...............................
19
Figure 3.3
Flow chart of the research .............................................................
21
Figure 4.1
Voltage sags at one-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.2
Voltage sags at two-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.3
30
Voltage sag at three phase dynamic load scenario with and
without Adaptive multi converter ..................................................
Figure 4.10
29
Comparison view of mitigating voltage swell applying with and
without AMC at different phase ....................................................
Figure 4.9
28
Comparison view of mitigating voltage sag applying with and
without AMC at different phase ....................................................
Figure 4.8
27
Voltage swell at three-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.7
26
Voltage swell at two-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.6
25
Voltage swell at one-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.5
24
Voltage sags at three-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.4
23
30
Voltage swell at three phase dynamic load scenario with and
without Adaptive multi converter ..................................................
commit
viito user
31
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
Figure 4.11
digilib.uns.ac.id
Quick response view of AMC UPQC system generating voltage
sag condition at one phase (A), two-phase (B) and three-phase
(C) ..................................................................................................
Figure 4.12
32
Quick response view of AMC UPQC system generating voltage
swell condition at one-phase (A), two-phase (B) and three-phase
(C) ..................................................................................................
commit
viiito user
34
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
TABLE LIST
Table 2.1 Resume of Previous Research ...........................................................
13
Table 3.1 Thesis system parameter used for simulation ....................................
16
commitixto user
digilib.uns.ac.id
Assuage of Voltage Swell and Sag problems with UPQC Based on
Adaptive Multi Converter for the Enhancement of Power Quality at
Fault and Dynamic Load Condition
MASTER THESIS
Organized to Meet a Part of the Requirements to Achieve the Master Degree of
Mechanical Engineering Department / Specialization of Electrical Engineering
for Renewable Energy
By
MOHAMED .A. FARAG
S951302506
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
POSTGRADUATE PROGRAM
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
2015
commit to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
commitii to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
commitiiito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
ABSTRACT
With the continuous outstanding development of electronic devices, the power
quality problems have been remarked as a great growing concern, whereas voltage
sag and swell problem are the most frequently occurring and detrimental power
quality problems. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to mitigate voltage sag and
swell problem with UPQC using proposed adaptive multi converter (AMC). The
proposed device was implemented during generating voltage sag and swell problem
in electronic appliance. The quick response view of AMC-UPQC power distribution
system with regard to reactive power was illustrated at 0.02 sec. The results showed
that the developed converter was capable to compensate the voltage sag problem by
99.72%, 96.24%, 94.45% and the voltage swell by 93.33%, 83.33%, 77.27% at 1phase, 2-phase, and 3-phase, respectively. Besides, it can combat the dynamic load
significantly, 87.06 % and 75 % at voltage sag and swell condition respectively. The
unique feature of AMC-UPQC is the rate of potentiality of voltage sag /swell
mitigation notably higher compared to conventional UPQC as adaptive multi
converter responses on account of reactive power quickly and timely. As a result, the
developed power distribution system was substantiated as a proficient compensator
for the reactive power requirement of the load and in future it can be used as a fancy
power distribution system for the protection of dynamic load.
Key words : Sag, swell, AMC, UPQC, reactive power.
commitivto user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
CONTENT LIST
TITLE....................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL PAGE ..............................................................................................
ii
ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................................
iv
CONTENT LIST ...................................................................................................
v
FIGURE LIST .......................................................................................................
vii
TABLE LIST ........................................................................................................
ix
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION ....................................................................
1
1.1 Background ........................................................................
1
1.2 Problem Statement .............................................................
3
1.3 Objectives ..........................................................................
4
1.4 Potential Benefits ................................................................
4
CHAPTHER II LITERATURE REVIEW .........................................................
5
2.1 Power Quality ....................................................................
5
2.2 Power Quality Issues .........................................................
5
2.3 Voltage Sags ......................................................................
7
2.4 General Causes of Voltages Sags ......................................
8
2.4.1 Voltage Sags Due to Fault .....................................
8
2.4.2 Voltage Sags Due to Motor Starting ......................
8
2.4.3 Voltage Swells .......................................................
9
2.4.4 General Causes of Voltage Swells .........................
10
2.5 Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC) ....................
10
RESEARCH METHOD ..........................................................
14
3.1 Contribution .......................................................................
14
3.2 Adaptive Multi-converter ..................................................
17
3.3 Flowchart of Adaptive Multi-Converter (AMC) ...............
19
3.4 Flow Chart of the Research Methodology .........................
21
3.5 Dynamic load .....................................................................
22
CHAPTER III
commitv to user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
CHAPTER IV
digilib.uns.ac.id
RESULT AND ANALYSIS .....................................................
23
4.1 Results and Discussion ......................................................
23
4.2 Comparison scenario of assuage voltage sag and swell at
different phase ...................................................................
28
4.3 Comparison the response view of AMC UPQC system at
different phase ...................................................................
31
CONCLUSION.........................................................................
36
5.1 Conclusion ..........................................................................
36
5.2 Suggestion...........................................................................
36
REFERENCE .......................................................................................................
37
CHAPTER V
commitvito user
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
FIGURE LIST
Figure 2.1
Power Quality Issues ....................................................................
6
Figure 2.2
An Example of Voltage Sag ..........................................................
7
Figure 2.3
Voltage Swell in the Phase-to-Phase Voltage Between a
Faultless Phase and the Faulted Phase During an SLG Fault. .......
10
Figure 2.4
Typical Multi-UPQC Used in a Distribution System ....................
12
Figure 3.1
Simulink Model for UPQC with Adaptive Multi Converter .........
14
Figure 3.2
Flowchart Adaptive Multi-Converter (AMC) ...............................
19
Figure 3.3
Flow chart of the research .............................................................
21
Figure 4.1
Voltage sags at one-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.2
Voltage sags at two-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.3
30
Voltage sag at three phase dynamic load scenario with and
without Adaptive multi converter ..................................................
Figure 4.10
29
Comparison view of mitigating voltage swell applying with and
without AMC at different phase ....................................................
Figure 4.9
28
Comparison view of mitigating voltage sag applying with and
without AMC at different phase ....................................................
Figure 4.8
27
Voltage swell at three-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.7
26
Voltage swell at two-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.6
25
Voltage swell at one-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.5
24
Voltage sags at three-phase fault scenario with and without
Adaptive multi converter ...............................................................
Figure 4.4
23
30
Voltage swell at three phase dynamic load scenario with and
without Adaptive multi converter ..................................................
commit
viito user
31
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
Figure 4.11
digilib.uns.ac.id
Quick response view of AMC UPQC system generating voltage
sag condition at one phase (A), two-phase (B) and three-phase
(C) ..................................................................................................
Figure 4.12
32
Quick response view of AMC UPQC system generating voltage
swell condition at one-phase (A), two-phase (B) and three-phase
(C) ..................................................................................................
commit
viiito user
34
perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
TABLE LIST
Table 2.1 Resume of Previous Research ...........................................................
13
Table 3.1 Thesis system parameter used for simulation ....................................
16
commitixto user