ZAHRA AMANY P 21020111130116 JUDUL
LANDASAN PROGRAM PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN ARSITEKTUR
GEDUNG FASILITAS GEDUNG FASILITAS PENDIDIKAN DAN
PELATIHAN SAR DI KOTA SEMARANG
Ddiajukan oleh :
ZAHRA AMANY PERMATASARI
21020111130116
Dosen Pembimbing :
Dr. Ir. Edi Purwanto, MT
Ir. Sri Hartuti Wahyuningrum, MT
TUGAS AKHIR JAFT
Periode 132/54 April-September 2015
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
JURUSAN TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR
SEMARANG
2015
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS
Skripsi/Tesis/Disertasi ini adalah hasil karya saya sendiri,
dan semua sumber baik yang dikutip maupun yang dirujuk
telah saya nyatakan dengan benar.
NAMA
: ZAHRA AMANY P.
NIM
: 21020111130116
Tanda Tangan
: ......................................
Tanggal
: 30 Desember 2015
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
Tugas Akhir ini diajukan oleh
:
NAMA
: Zahra Amany Permatasari
NIM
: 21020111130116
Jurusan/Program Studi : Teknik Arsitektur
Judul
: Gedung Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR di Kota
Semarang
Telah berhasil dipertahankan di hadapan Tim Penguji dan diterima sebagai bagian
persyaratan yang diperlukan untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana/ S1 pada Jurusan/ Program
Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro.
TIM PENGUJI
Pembimbing I
: DR. Ir. Edi Purwanto, MT
NIP. 196312311990031002
(.......................)
Pembimbing II
: Ir. Sri Hartuti Wahyuningrum, MT
NIP. 196701231994012001
(.......................)
Penguji
: Prof. DR. Ir. Bambang Setioko, MEng
NIP. 194810051975011003
(.......................)
Penguji
: DR. Ir. Titien Woro Murtini, MSA
NIP. 195410231985032001
(.......................)
Penguji
: Edward Endrianto Pandelaki, ST, MT, PhD
NIP. 197402231997021001
(.......................)
Penguji
: Septana Bagus Pribadi, ST, MT
NIP. 197609112002121001
(.......................)
Semarang, 30 Desember 2015
Ketua Jurusan Arsitektur
Fakultas Teknik UNDIP,
Edward Endrianto Pandelaki, ST, MT, PhD
NIP. 197402231997021001
Ketua Program Studi Arsitektur
Fakultas Teknik UNDIP,
Prof. Ir. Totok Roesmanto, MEng
NIP.195205051980111001
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI
TUGAS AKHIR UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS
Sebagai sivitas akademika Universitas Diponegoro, saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini :
Nama
NIM
Jurusan/Program Studi
Fakultas
Jenis Karya
:
:
:
:
:
Zahra Amany Permatasari
21020111130116
Arsitektur
Teknik
Tugas Akhir
demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, menyetujui untuk memberikan kepada Universitas
Diponegoro Hak Bebas Royalti Noneksklusif (None-exclusive Royalty Free Right) atas
karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul :
Gedung Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR di Kota Semarang
beserta perangkat yang ada (jika diperlukan). Dengan Hak Bebas Royalti/Noneksklusif ini
Universitas Diponegoro berhak menyimpan, mengalihmedia/formatkan, mengelola dalam
bentuk pangkalan data (database), merawat dan memublikasikan tugas akhir saya selama
tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis/pencipta dan sebagai pemilik Hak Cipta.
Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya.
Dibuat di
Pada Tanggal
: Semarang
: 30 Desember 2015
Yang menyatakan
( Zahra Amany Permatasari )
ABSTRAK
Badan SAR Nasional dibentuk sebagai lembaga yang menangani bidang pencarian
dan pertolongan pada musibah pelayaran, musibah penerbangan, bencana alam dan
musibah lainnya. Dalam mengantisipasi kemungkinan terjadinya musibah penerbangan,
pelayaran, bencana alam maupun musibah lainnya, diperlukan kesiapan di bidang
pencarian dan pertolongan (Search and Rescue) baik dari segi sarana/prasarana SAR
maupun sumber daya manusia (SDM) sebagai potensi SAR. Penyelenggaraan pendidikan
dan pelatihan SAR tingkat lanjutan, tingkat spesialis, dan tingkat manajerial skala Provinsi
Jawa Tengah merupakan tanggungjawab dari Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang. Fasilitas
Pendidikan dan Pelatihan semestinya dapat mendukung tugas dan fungsi dari Kantor SAR di
Kota Semarang yang nantinya mampu meningkatkan profesionalisme sumber daya manusia
di bidang SAR yang sudah ada di Provinsi Jawa Tengah.
Kata kunci: Fasilitas, Pelatihan, Pendidikan, SAR, Semarang
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kepada Allah SWT, yang telah melimpahkan berkah, rahmat, dan ridho-Nya sehingga
penyusun dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan Landasan Program Perencanaan dan Perancangan
Arsitektur (LP3A) dengan judul “Gedung Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR di Kota Semarang”
yang diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik.
Penyusun mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu terselesaikannya
laporan ini, terutama kepada :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Bapak DR. Ir. Edi Purwanto, MT selaku dosen pembimbing I.
Ibu Ir. Sri Hartuti Wahyuningrum, MT selaku dosen pembimbing II.
Bapak dan Ibu tim dosen penguji.
Bapak Ir. Bambang Adji Murtomo, MSA selaku Koordinator Panitia TA Periode 132/54.
Bapak Edward Endrianto, ST, MT, Ph.D selaku Ketua Jurusan Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Diponegoro beserta segenap Bapak dan Ibu dosen JAFT Universitas Diponegoro.
Pengajar dan seluruh staf di Jurusan Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Univeristas Diponegoro.
Kepada seluruh anggota keluarga tercinta yang selalu memberi inspirasi, dukungan,
semangat, serta selalu mendoakan dalam proses penyusunan lapoaran ini.
Kepada Bapak Abdullah dan Bapak Hardi dari Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang sebagai
narasumber utama dalam proses pengumpulan data.
Kepada staff pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang dan Surabaya yang telah membantu
kelancaran proses pengumpulan data.
Kepada teman – teman TA periode 132/54 yang berjuang bersama. Teman – teman
angkatan 2011 yang telah memberikan motivasi.
Dan semua pihak yang telah membantu penyusun dalam penyusunan LP3A ini.
Akhir kata, penyusun berharap semoga tulisan ini dapat bermanfaat bagi para pembaca.
Semarang, Desember 2015
Penyusun
DAFTAR ISI
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................................................i
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL.................................................................................................................................. viii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN..........................................................................................................................1
1.1.
Latar Belakang .........................................................................................................................1
1.2.
Tujuan dan Sasaran .................................................................................................................2
1.2.1.
Tujuan..................................................................................................................................2
1.2.2.
Sasaran ................................................................................................................................2
1.3.
Manfaat ...................................................................................................................................2
1.4.
Ruang lingkup ..........................................................................................................................2
1.4.1.
Ruang Lingkup Substansial ..................................................................................................2
1.4.2.
Ruang Lingkup Spasial .........................................................................................................2
1.5.
Metode Pembahasan ..............................................................................................................3
1.6.
Sistematika pembahasan ........................................................................................................3
1.7.
Alur pikir ..................................................................................................................................4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA..................................................................................................................5
2.1.
Pengertian Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan .......................................................................5
2.2.
Tinjauan Umum SAR................................................................................................................5
2.2.1.
Definisi dan filosofi SAR.......................................................................................................5
2.2.2.
Organisasi SAR .....................................................................................................................6
2.2.2.1.
SC (SAR Coordinator) .......................................................................................................6
2.2.2.2.
SMC (SAR Mission Coordinator) ......................................................................................6
2.2.2.3.
OSC (On Scene Commander) ...........................................................................................7
2.2.2.4.
SRU (Search And Rescue Unit) .........................................................................................7
2.3.
Tinjauan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan BASARNAS ......................................................................7
2.3.1.
Pendidikan dan pelatihan SAR Tingkat Lanjutan.................................................................7
2.3.2.
Pendidikan dan pelatihan SAR Tingkat Spesialis .................................................................8
2.3.3.
Pendidikan dan pelatihan SAR Tingkat Manajerial .............................................................8
2.4.
Tinjauan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR Tingkat Lanjutan ......................................................8
2.4.1.
Alokasi Waktu Pembelajaran ..............................................................................................8
2.4.2.
Jumlah Peserta ....................................................................................................................9
2.5.
Standar Minimum Sarana dan Prasarana SAR ......................................................................10
2.5.1.
Standar Alat Transportasi SAR...........................................................................................10
2.5.2.
Standar Peralatan SAR.......................................................................................................10
2.6.
Tinjauan Kegiatan dan Kebutuhan Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR .........................11
2.6.1.
Olahraga ............................................................................................................................12
2.6.2.
Rappelling ..........................................................................................................................12
2.6.3.
Heli Rescue ........................................................................................................................13
2.6.4.
Pengelola ...........................................................................................................................13
2.6.5.
Fasilitas Asrama.................................................................................................................14
2.6.6.
Fasilitas Ruang Makan .......................................................................................................15
2.6.7.
Fasilitas Ruang Parkir ........................................................................................................15
2.7.
Tinjauan Penekanan Desain Arsitektur untuk Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR ........16
2.7.1.
Pengertian Arsitektur Post Modern ..................................................................................16
2.7.2.
Ciri-ciri Arsitektur Post Modern yang Berkembang ..........................................................16
2.7.3.
Aliran Arsitektur Post Modern ..........................................................................................17
2.8.
Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ...............................................................................................17
2.8.1.
Lokasi.................................................................................................................................17
2.8.2.
Fasilitas ..............................................................................................................................18
2.8.2.1.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat ..................................................................18
2.8.2.2.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air ......................................................................19
2.8.2.3.
Peralatan SAR ................................................................................................................19
2.8.3.
Tampilan bangunan...........................................................................................................20
2.8.4.
Staff dan pengelola ...........................................................................................................20
2.8.5.
Foto dokumentasi Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang .............................................................21
2.8.6.
Studi Banding Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ....................................................................23
2.9.
Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya.................................................................................................25
2.9.1.
Lokasi.................................................................................................................................25
2.9.2.
Fasilitas ..............................................................................................................................25
2.9.2.1.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat ..................................................................25
2.9.2.2.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air ......................................................................25
2.9.2.3.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi udara .................................................................26
2.9.2.4.
Peralatan SAR ................................................................................................................26
2.9.3.
Tampilan bangunan...........................................................................................................26
2.9.4.
Staff dan pengelola ...........................................................................................................27
2.9.5.
Foto Dokumentasi Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya ..............................................................27
ii
2.9.6.
Studi Banding Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya .....................................................................28
2.10.
Venture Gulf Training Center, Doha, Qatar .......................................................................29
2.10.1.
Fasilitas ..............................................................................................................................29
2.10.2.
Foto Dokumentasi .............................................................................................................29
2.10.3.
Studi Banding Venture Gulf Training Center .....................................................................30
2.11.
FDNY RESCUE COMPANY 3 IN NEW YORK.........................................................................31
2.11.1.
Fasilitas ..............................................................................................................................31
2.11.2.
Foto Dokumentasi .............................................................................................................31
2.12.
Studi Banding FDNY RESCUE COMPANY 3 IN NEW YORK .................................................32
2.13.
Rekapitulasi Fasilitas dari Studi Banding ...........................................................................33
2.14.
Manfaat Studi Banding......................................................................................................33
BAB III TINJAUAN LOKASI ..................................................................................................................35
3.1.
Tinjauan Kota Semarang .......................................................................................................35
3.2.
Kebijakan tata ruang wilayah ................................................................................................36
3.2.1.
Arahan fungsi masing-masing BWK...................................................................................36
3.2.2.
Pembagian wilayah pengembangan Kota Semarang ........................................................37
3.3.
Tinjauan Tapak ......................................................................................................................38
3.3.1.
Tinjauan Keluarahan Gondoriyo........................................................................................38
3.3.2.
Tinjauan Posisi Tapak pada Kelurahan Gondoriyo ............................................................39
3.3.3.
Tinjauan Posisi Tapak terhadap Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ........................................40
3.4.
Tinjauan Data Objek Terkait ..................................................................................................40
3.4.1.
Data Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ....................................................................40
3.4.2.
Data Pegawai Pos SAR di Wilayah Provinsi Jawa Tengah..................................................42
3.4.3.
Data Ruang Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang .........................................................42
3.4.3.1.
Data Kegiatan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR ...............................................................43
BAB IV KESIMPULAN, BATASAN, DAN ANGGAPAN ...........................................................................44
4.1.
Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................................44
4.2.
Batasan ..................................................................................................................................44
4.3.
Anggapan...............................................................................................................................44
BAB V PENDEKATAN PROGRAM PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN ...........................................46
5.1.
Pendekatan Aspek Fungsional...............................................................................................46
5.1.1.
Pendekatan Pelaku dan Aktivitas ......................................................................................46
5.1.1.1.
Aktivitas Utama : ...........................................................................................................46
5.1.1.2.
Aktivitas Pendukung : ....................................................................................................47
iii
5.1.1.3.
Aktivitas Pelengkap ......................................................................................................47
5.1.1.4.
Aktivitas Pelayanan .......................................................................................................48
5.1.1.5.
Aktivitas Outdoor ..........................................................................................................48
5.1.1.6.
Aktivitas Khusus (Simulasi) ............................................................................................48
5.1.2.
Pendekatan Kapasitas .......................................................................................................48
5.1.2.1.
Kapasitas Peserta Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR .........................................................48
5.1.2.2.
Kapasitas Pengelola .......................................................................................................49
5.1.2.3.
Kapasitas Ruang Pelayanan ...........................................................................................49
5.1.3.
5.2.
Pendekatan Kebutuhan Ruang dan Besaran Ruang ..........................................................50
Pendekatan Aspek Kontekstual.............................................................................................54
5.2.1.
Pendekatan Hubungan Ruang dan Sirkulasi......................................................................55
5.2.1.1.
Aktivitas pengelola ........................................................................................................55
5.2.1.2.
Aktivitas peserta pendidikan dan pelatihan..................................................................56
5.3.
Pendekatan Aspek Kinerja.....................................................................................................56
5.3.1.
Sistem Pencahayaan..........................................................................................................56
5.3.2.
Sistem Penghawaan Ruang ...............................................................................................56
5.3.3.
Sistem Jaringan Air Bersih .................................................................................................57
5.3.4.
Sistem Jaringan Air Kotor ..................................................................................................57
5.3.5.
Sistem Jaringan Listrik .......................................................................................................57
5.3.6.
Sistem Pembuangan Sampah ............................................................................................57
5.3.7.
Sistem Pencegahan Kebakaran .........................................................................................58
5.3.8.
Sistem Keamanan ..............................................................................................................58
5.4.
Pendekatan Aspek Teknis......................................................................................................58
5.4.1.
Sistem Struktur..................................................................................................................58
5.4.2.
Sistem Pondasi ..................................................................................................................59
5.4.3.
Sistem Konstruksi Atap......................................................................................................59
5.5.
Pendekatan Aspek Visual Arsitektural ..................................................................................59
BAB VI ................................................................................................................................................61
PROGRAM PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN .............................................................................61
6.1.
Program Dasar Perencanaan.................................................................................................61
6.1.1.
Program Ruang ..................................................................................................................61
6.1.2.
Persyaratan Tapak .............................................................................................................63
6.2.
6.2.1.
Program Dasar Perancangan .................................................................................................63
Aspek Kinerja.....................................................................................................................63
iv
6.2.1.1.
Sistem Pencahayaan......................................................................................................63
6.2.1.2.
Sistem Penghawaan/Pengkondisian Ruang ..................................................................63
6.2.1.3.
Sistem Jaringan Air Bersih .............................................................................................63
6.2.1.4.
Sistem Jaringan Air Kotor ..............................................................................................63
6.2.1.5.
Sistem Jaringan Listrik ...................................................................................................64
6.2.1.6.
Sistem Pembuangan Sampah ........................................................................................64
6.2.1.7.
Sistem Pencegahan Kebakaran .....................................................................................64
6.2.1.8.
Sistem Keamanan ..........................................................................................................64
6.2.2.
Aspek Teknis......................................................................................................................64
6.2.2.1.
Sistem Struktur..............................................................................................................64
6.2.2.2.
Sistem Pondasi ..............................................................................................................64
6.2.2.3.
Sistem Konstruksi Atap..................................................................................................64
6.2.3.
Aspek Visual Arsitektural...................................................................................................65
DAFTAR PUSTAKA..............................................................................................................................66
v
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Skema Alur Pikir...............................................................................................................4
Gambar 2.1
Struktur Organisasi ......................................................................................................6
Gambar 2.2
Contoh tower rappeliing ...........................................................................................12
Gambar 5.1
Standar Helipad .........................................................................................................13
Gambar 2.3
(a) Double-loaded Corridor, (b) Gallery Type............................................................14
Gambar 2.4
Extended Core Plan ...................................................................................................15
Gambar 2.5
Ukuran Tempat Tidur dan Kamar Mandi...................................................................15
Gambar 2.6
Standar ruang makan ................................................................................................15
Gambar 2.7
Lokasi Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ........................................................................17
Gambar 2.8
Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ...................................................................................20
Gambar 2.9
Ruang Kepala Kantor dan Ruang Sekretaris pribadi..................................................21
Gambar 2.10
Ruang Sub Bagian Umum dan Ruang Seksi Potensi ..............................................21
Gambar 2.11
Ruang Data dan Ruang Keuangan .........................................................................22
Gambar 2.12
Ruang Humas dan Ruang Rescuer .........................................................................22
Gambar 2.13
Ruang Aula dan Ruang Fitness ..............................................................................22
Gambar 2.14
Ruang Aula dan Gudang Peralatan........................................................................23
Gambar 2.15
Tower rappelling dan Shelter kendaraan SAR .......................................................23
Gambar 2.16
Ruang Kantin dan Ruang Genset ...........................................................................23
Gambar 2.17
Lokasi Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya......................................................................25
Gambar 2.18
Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya.................................................................................26
Gambar 2.19
Gudang Peralatan dan Ruang Komunikasi ............................................................27
Gambar 2.20
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat .........................................................27
Gambar 2.21
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air..............................................................27
Gambar 2.22
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi udara dan rappeling tower .......................28
Gambar 2.23
Ruang Resepsionis dan Ruang Kelas .....................................................................29
Gambar 2.24
Training pool .........................................................................................................30
Gambar 2.25
Peralatan penyelamatan dan Confined Space Entry Simulator.............................30
Gambar 2.26
Ruang Ibadah (Mushola) .......................................................................................30
Gambar 2.27
Eksterior FDNY Rescue Company 3 .......................................................................31
Gambar 2.28
Garasi, ruang peralatan, dan ruang pelatihan ......................................................32
Gambar 2.29
Ruang Kerja FDNY Rescue Company 3...................................................................32
Gambar 3.1
Peta Kota Semarang ..................................................................................................35
Gambar 3.2
Peta Kelurahan Gondoriyo, Kecamatan Ngaliyan, Kota Semarang ...........................38
vi
Gambar 3.3
Analisa Posisi Tapak...................................................................................................39
Gambar 3.4
Peta Posisi Tapak terhadap Kantor SAR ....................................................................40
Gambar 5.1
Tapak Perencanaan dan Perancangan ......................................................................54
Gambar 5.2
Diagram Sirkulasi Aktivitas Pengelola .......................................................................55
Gambar 5.3
Diagram Sirkulasi Aktivitas Peserta Diklat.................................................................56
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Skema Alur Pikir...............................................................................................................4
Gambar 2.1
Struktur Organisasi ......................................................................................................6
Gambar 2.2
Contoh tower rappeliing ...........................................................................................12
Gambar 5.1
Standar Helipad .........................................................................................................13
Gambar 2.3
(a) Double-loaded Corridor, (b) Gallery Type............................................................14
Gambar 2.4
Extended Core Plan ...................................................................................................15
Gambar 2.5
Ukuran Tempat Tidur dan Kamar Mandi...................................................................15
Gambar 2.6
Standar ruang makan ................................................................................................15
Gambar 2.7
Lokasi Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ........................................................................17
Gambar 2.8
Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ...................................................................................20
Gambar 2.9
Ruang Kepala Kantor dan Ruang Sekretaris pribadi..................................................21
Gambar 2.10
Ruang Sub Bagian Umum dan Ruang Seksi Potensi ..............................................21
Gambar 2.11
Ruang Data dan Ruang Keuangan .........................................................................22
Gambar 2.12
Ruang Humas dan Ruang Rescuer .........................................................................22
Gambar 2.13
Ruang Aula dan Ruang Fitness ..............................................................................22
Gambar 2.14
Ruang Aula dan Gudang Peralatan........................................................................23
Gambar 2.15
Tower rappelling dan Shelter kendaraan SAR .......................................................23
Gambar 2.16
Ruang Kantin dan Ruang Genset ...........................................................................23
Gambar 2.17
Lokasi Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya......................................................................25
Gambar 2.18
Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya.................................................................................26
Gambar 2.19
Gudang Peralatan dan Ruang Komunikasi ............................................................27
Gambar 2.20
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat .........................................................27
Gambar 2.21
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air..............................................................27
Gambar 2.22
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi udara dan rappeling tower .......................28
Gambar 2.23
Ruang Resepsionis dan Ruang Kelas .....................................................................29
Gambar 2.24
Training pool .........................................................................................................30
Gambar 2.25
Peralatan penyelamatan dan Confined Space Entry Simulator.............................30
Gambar 2.26
Ruang Ibadah (Mushola) .......................................................................................30
Gambar 2.27
Eksterior FDNY Rescue Company 3 .......................................................................31
Gambar 2.28
Garasi, ruang peralatan, dan ruang pelatihan ......................................................32
Gambar 2.29
Ruang Kerja FDNY Rescue Company 3...................................................................32
Gambar 3.1
Peta Kota Semarang ..................................................................................................35
Gambar 3.2
Peta Kelurahan Gondoriyo, Kecamatan Ngaliyan, Kota Semarang ...........................38
vii
Gambar 3.3
Analisa Posisi Tapak...................................................................................................39
Gambar 3.4
Peta Posisi Tapak terhadap Kantor SAR ....................................................................40
Gambar 5.1
Tapak Perencanaan dan Perancangan ......................................................................54
Gambar 5.2
Diagram Sirkulasi Aktivitas Pengelola .......................................................................55
Gambar 5.3
Diagram Sirkulasi Aktivitas Peserta Diklat.................................................................56
vii
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Standar Minimum Kendaraan SAR ................................................................................10
Tabel 2.2
Daftar Peralatan SAR .....................................................................................................10
Tabel 2.3
Standar Luas Ruang Kerja ..............................................................................................14
Tabel 2.4
Penentuan Satuan Ruang Parkir (SRP) ..........................................................................16
Tabel 2.5
Alat transportasi SAR Kendaraan Roda 6 ......................................................................18
Tabel 2.6
Alat transportasi SAR Kendaraan Roda 4 ......................................................................18
Tabel 2.7
Alat transportasi SAR Kendaraan Roda 2 ......................................................................18
Tabel 2.8
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air ......................................................................19
Tabel 2.9
Data Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ................................................................20
Tabel 2.10
Studi Banding Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ............................................................23
Tabel 2.11
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat ..............................................................25
Tabel 2.12
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air ..................................................................25
Tabel 2.13
Studi Banding Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya .............................................................28
Tabel 2.14
Studi Banding Venture Gulf Training Center .............................................................30
Tabel 2.15
Studi Banding FDNY RESCUE COMPANY 3 IN NEW YORK .........................................32
Tabel 2.16
Rekaitulasi Fasilitas dari Studi Banding .....................................................................33
Tabel 2.17
Manfaat Studi Banding ..............................................................................................33
Tabel 3.1
BWK dan Potensi ...........................................................................................................36
Tabel 3.2
Data Jumlah Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ....................................................40
Tabel 3.3
Data Jumlah Pegawai Pos SAR di Kabupaten Jepara.....................................................42
Tabel 3.4
Data Jumlah Pegawai Pos SAR di Kabupaten Surakarta................................................42
Tabel 3.5
Data Jumlah Pegawai Pos SAR di Kabupaten Cilacap....................................................42
Tabel 3.6
Ruang Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ..............................................................42
Tabel 3.7
Kegiatan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR tahun 2013-2014 ...........................................43
Tabel 5.1
Alokasi Waktu Kegiatan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR dalam 1 tahun .......................46
Tabel 5.2
Pendekatan Kapasitas Peserta Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR .....................................48
Tabel 5.3
Pendekatan Kapasitas Ruang Pengelola........................................................................49
Tabel 5.4
Pendekatan Kapasitas Ruang Servis ..............................................................................50
Tabel 5.5
Pendekatan Kapasitas Parkir .........................................................................................50
Tabel 5.6
Pendekatan Kebutuhan Ruang dan Besaran Ruang ......................................................51
Tabel 6.1
Program Ruang ..............................................................................................................61
viii
GEDUNG FASILITAS GEDUNG FASILITAS PENDIDIKAN DAN
PELATIHAN SAR DI KOTA SEMARANG
Ddiajukan oleh :
ZAHRA AMANY PERMATASARI
21020111130116
Dosen Pembimbing :
Dr. Ir. Edi Purwanto, MT
Ir. Sri Hartuti Wahyuningrum, MT
TUGAS AKHIR JAFT
Periode 132/54 April-September 2015
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
JURUSAN TEKNIK ARSITEKTUR
SEMARANG
2015
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN ORISINALITAS
Skripsi/Tesis/Disertasi ini adalah hasil karya saya sendiri,
dan semua sumber baik yang dikutip maupun yang dirujuk
telah saya nyatakan dengan benar.
NAMA
: ZAHRA AMANY P.
NIM
: 21020111130116
Tanda Tangan
: ......................................
Tanggal
: 30 Desember 2015
HALAMAN PENGESAHAN
Tugas Akhir ini diajukan oleh
:
NAMA
: Zahra Amany Permatasari
NIM
: 21020111130116
Jurusan/Program Studi : Teknik Arsitektur
Judul
: Gedung Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR di Kota
Semarang
Telah berhasil dipertahankan di hadapan Tim Penguji dan diterima sebagai bagian
persyaratan yang diperlukan untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana/ S1 pada Jurusan/ Program
Studi Arsitektur, Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Diponegoro.
TIM PENGUJI
Pembimbing I
: DR. Ir. Edi Purwanto, MT
NIP. 196312311990031002
(.......................)
Pembimbing II
: Ir. Sri Hartuti Wahyuningrum, MT
NIP. 196701231994012001
(.......................)
Penguji
: Prof. DR. Ir. Bambang Setioko, MEng
NIP. 194810051975011003
(.......................)
Penguji
: DR. Ir. Titien Woro Murtini, MSA
NIP. 195410231985032001
(.......................)
Penguji
: Edward Endrianto Pandelaki, ST, MT, PhD
NIP. 197402231997021001
(.......................)
Penguji
: Septana Bagus Pribadi, ST, MT
NIP. 197609112002121001
(.......................)
Semarang, 30 Desember 2015
Ketua Jurusan Arsitektur
Fakultas Teknik UNDIP,
Edward Endrianto Pandelaki, ST, MT, PhD
NIP. 197402231997021001
Ketua Program Studi Arsitektur
Fakultas Teknik UNDIP,
Prof. Ir. Totok Roesmanto, MEng
NIP.195205051980111001
HALAMAN PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI
TUGAS AKHIR UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS
Sebagai sivitas akademika Universitas Diponegoro, saya yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini :
Nama
NIM
Jurusan/Program Studi
Fakultas
Jenis Karya
:
:
:
:
:
Zahra Amany Permatasari
21020111130116
Arsitektur
Teknik
Tugas Akhir
demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, menyetujui untuk memberikan kepada Universitas
Diponegoro Hak Bebas Royalti Noneksklusif (None-exclusive Royalty Free Right) atas
karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul :
Gedung Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR di Kota Semarang
beserta perangkat yang ada (jika diperlukan). Dengan Hak Bebas Royalti/Noneksklusif ini
Universitas Diponegoro berhak menyimpan, mengalihmedia/formatkan, mengelola dalam
bentuk pangkalan data (database), merawat dan memublikasikan tugas akhir saya selama
tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis/pencipta dan sebagai pemilik Hak Cipta.
Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya.
Dibuat di
Pada Tanggal
: Semarang
: 30 Desember 2015
Yang menyatakan
( Zahra Amany Permatasari )
ABSTRAK
Badan SAR Nasional dibentuk sebagai lembaga yang menangani bidang pencarian
dan pertolongan pada musibah pelayaran, musibah penerbangan, bencana alam dan
musibah lainnya. Dalam mengantisipasi kemungkinan terjadinya musibah penerbangan,
pelayaran, bencana alam maupun musibah lainnya, diperlukan kesiapan di bidang
pencarian dan pertolongan (Search and Rescue) baik dari segi sarana/prasarana SAR
maupun sumber daya manusia (SDM) sebagai potensi SAR. Penyelenggaraan pendidikan
dan pelatihan SAR tingkat lanjutan, tingkat spesialis, dan tingkat manajerial skala Provinsi
Jawa Tengah merupakan tanggungjawab dari Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang. Fasilitas
Pendidikan dan Pelatihan semestinya dapat mendukung tugas dan fungsi dari Kantor SAR di
Kota Semarang yang nantinya mampu meningkatkan profesionalisme sumber daya manusia
di bidang SAR yang sudah ada di Provinsi Jawa Tengah.
Kata kunci: Fasilitas, Pelatihan, Pendidikan, SAR, Semarang
KATA PENGANTAR
Puji syukur kepada Allah SWT, yang telah melimpahkan berkah, rahmat, dan ridho-Nya sehingga
penyusun dapat menyelesaikan penyusunan Landasan Program Perencanaan dan Perancangan
Arsitektur (LP3A) dengan judul “Gedung Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR di Kota Semarang”
yang diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan untuk memperoleh gelar Sarjana Teknik.
Penyusun mengucapkan terima kasih kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu terselesaikannya
laporan ini, terutama kepada :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
Bapak DR. Ir. Edi Purwanto, MT selaku dosen pembimbing I.
Ibu Ir. Sri Hartuti Wahyuningrum, MT selaku dosen pembimbing II.
Bapak dan Ibu tim dosen penguji.
Bapak Ir. Bambang Adji Murtomo, MSA selaku Koordinator Panitia TA Periode 132/54.
Bapak Edward Endrianto, ST, MT, Ph.D selaku Ketua Jurusan Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik
Universitas Diponegoro beserta segenap Bapak dan Ibu dosen JAFT Universitas Diponegoro.
Pengajar dan seluruh staf di Jurusan Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Univeristas Diponegoro.
Kepada seluruh anggota keluarga tercinta yang selalu memberi inspirasi, dukungan,
semangat, serta selalu mendoakan dalam proses penyusunan lapoaran ini.
Kepada Bapak Abdullah dan Bapak Hardi dari Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang sebagai
narasumber utama dalam proses pengumpulan data.
Kepada staff pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang dan Surabaya yang telah membantu
kelancaran proses pengumpulan data.
Kepada teman – teman TA periode 132/54 yang berjuang bersama. Teman – teman
angkatan 2011 yang telah memberikan motivasi.
Dan semua pihak yang telah membantu penyusun dalam penyusunan LP3A ini.
Akhir kata, penyusun berharap semoga tulisan ini dapat bermanfaat bagi para pembaca.
Semarang, Desember 2015
Penyusun
DAFTAR ISI
DAFTAR ISI ............................................................................................................................................i
DAFTAR GAMBAR ............................................................................................................................... vi
DAFTAR TABEL.................................................................................................................................. viii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN..........................................................................................................................1
1.1.
Latar Belakang .........................................................................................................................1
1.2.
Tujuan dan Sasaran .................................................................................................................2
1.2.1.
Tujuan..................................................................................................................................2
1.2.2.
Sasaran ................................................................................................................................2
1.3.
Manfaat ...................................................................................................................................2
1.4.
Ruang lingkup ..........................................................................................................................2
1.4.1.
Ruang Lingkup Substansial ..................................................................................................2
1.4.2.
Ruang Lingkup Spasial .........................................................................................................2
1.5.
Metode Pembahasan ..............................................................................................................3
1.6.
Sistematika pembahasan ........................................................................................................3
1.7.
Alur pikir ..................................................................................................................................4
BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA..................................................................................................................5
2.1.
Pengertian Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan .......................................................................5
2.2.
Tinjauan Umum SAR................................................................................................................5
2.2.1.
Definisi dan filosofi SAR.......................................................................................................5
2.2.2.
Organisasi SAR .....................................................................................................................6
2.2.2.1.
SC (SAR Coordinator) .......................................................................................................6
2.2.2.2.
SMC (SAR Mission Coordinator) ......................................................................................6
2.2.2.3.
OSC (On Scene Commander) ...........................................................................................7
2.2.2.4.
SRU (Search And Rescue Unit) .........................................................................................7
2.3.
Tinjauan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan BASARNAS ......................................................................7
2.3.1.
Pendidikan dan pelatihan SAR Tingkat Lanjutan.................................................................7
2.3.2.
Pendidikan dan pelatihan SAR Tingkat Spesialis .................................................................8
2.3.3.
Pendidikan dan pelatihan SAR Tingkat Manajerial .............................................................8
2.4.
Tinjauan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR Tingkat Lanjutan ......................................................8
2.4.1.
Alokasi Waktu Pembelajaran ..............................................................................................8
2.4.2.
Jumlah Peserta ....................................................................................................................9
2.5.
Standar Minimum Sarana dan Prasarana SAR ......................................................................10
2.5.1.
Standar Alat Transportasi SAR...........................................................................................10
2.5.2.
Standar Peralatan SAR.......................................................................................................10
2.6.
Tinjauan Kegiatan dan Kebutuhan Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR .........................11
2.6.1.
Olahraga ............................................................................................................................12
2.6.2.
Rappelling ..........................................................................................................................12
2.6.3.
Heli Rescue ........................................................................................................................13
2.6.4.
Pengelola ...........................................................................................................................13
2.6.5.
Fasilitas Asrama.................................................................................................................14
2.6.6.
Fasilitas Ruang Makan .......................................................................................................15
2.6.7.
Fasilitas Ruang Parkir ........................................................................................................15
2.7.
Tinjauan Penekanan Desain Arsitektur untuk Fasilitas Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR ........16
2.7.1.
Pengertian Arsitektur Post Modern ..................................................................................16
2.7.2.
Ciri-ciri Arsitektur Post Modern yang Berkembang ..........................................................16
2.7.3.
Aliran Arsitektur Post Modern ..........................................................................................17
2.8.
Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ...............................................................................................17
2.8.1.
Lokasi.................................................................................................................................17
2.8.2.
Fasilitas ..............................................................................................................................18
2.8.2.1.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat ..................................................................18
2.8.2.2.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air ......................................................................19
2.8.2.3.
Peralatan SAR ................................................................................................................19
2.8.3.
Tampilan bangunan...........................................................................................................20
2.8.4.
Staff dan pengelola ...........................................................................................................20
2.8.5.
Foto dokumentasi Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang .............................................................21
2.8.6.
Studi Banding Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ....................................................................23
2.9.
Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya.................................................................................................25
2.9.1.
Lokasi.................................................................................................................................25
2.9.2.
Fasilitas ..............................................................................................................................25
2.9.2.1.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat ..................................................................25
2.9.2.2.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air ......................................................................25
2.9.2.3.
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi udara .................................................................26
2.9.2.4.
Peralatan SAR ................................................................................................................26
2.9.3.
Tampilan bangunan...........................................................................................................26
2.9.4.
Staff dan pengelola ...........................................................................................................27
2.9.5.
Foto Dokumentasi Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya ..............................................................27
ii
2.9.6.
Studi Banding Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya .....................................................................28
2.10.
Venture Gulf Training Center, Doha, Qatar .......................................................................29
2.10.1.
Fasilitas ..............................................................................................................................29
2.10.2.
Foto Dokumentasi .............................................................................................................29
2.10.3.
Studi Banding Venture Gulf Training Center .....................................................................30
2.11.
FDNY RESCUE COMPANY 3 IN NEW YORK.........................................................................31
2.11.1.
Fasilitas ..............................................................................................................................31
2.11.2.
Foto Dokumentasi .............................................................................................................31
2.12.
Studi Banding FDNY RESCUE COMPANY 3 IN NEW YORK .................................................32
2.13.
Rekapitulasi Fasilitas dari Studi Banding ...........................................................................33
2.14.
Manfaat Studi Banding......................................................................................................33
BAB III TINJAUAN LOKASI ..................................................................................................................35
3.1.
Tinjauan Kota Semarang .......................................................................................................35
3.2.
Kebijakan tata ruang wilayah ................................................................................................36
3.2.1.
Arahan fungsi masing-masing BWK...................................................................................36
3.2.2.
Pembagian wilayah pengembangan Kota Semarang ........................................................37
3.3.
Tinjauan Tapak ......................................................................................................................38
3.3.1.
Tinjauan Keluarahan Gondoriyo........................................................................................38
3.3.2.
Tinjauan Posisi Tapak pada Kelurahan Gondoriyo ............................................................39
3.3.3.
Tinjauan Posisi Tapak terhadap Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ........................................40
3.4.
Tinjauan Data Objek Terkait ..................................................................................................40
3.4.1.
Data Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ....................................................................40
3.4.2.
Data Pegawai Pos SAR di Wilayah Provinsi Jawa Tengah..................................................42
3.4.3.
Data Ruang Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang .........................................................42
3.4.3.1.
Data Kegiatan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR ...............................................................43
BAB IV KESIMPULAN, BATASAN, DAN ANGGAPAN ...........................................................................44
4.1.
Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................................44
4.2.
Batasan ..................................................................................................................................44
4.3.
Anggapan...............................................................................................................................44
BAB V PENDEKATAN PROGRAM PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN ...........................................46
5.1.
Pendekatan Aspek Fungsional...............................................................................................46
5.1.1.
Pendekatan Pelaku dan Aktivitas ......................................................................................46
5.1.1.1.
Aktivitas Utama : ...........................................................................................................46
5.1.1.2.
Aktivitas Pendukung : ....................................................................................................47
iii
5.1.1.3.
Aktivitas Pelengkap ......................................................................................................47
5.1.1.4.
Aktivitas Pelayanan .......................................................................................................48
5.1.1.5.
Aktivitas Outdoor ..........................................................................................................48
5.1.1.6.
Aktivitas Khusus (Simulasi) ............................................................................................48
5.1.2.
Pendekatan Kapasitas .......................................................................................................48
5.1.2.1.
Kapasitas Peserta Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR .........................................................48
5.1.2.2.
Kapasitas Pengelola .......................................................................................................49
5.1.2.3.
Kapasitas Ruang Pelayanan ...........................................................................................49
5.1.3.
5.2.
Pendekatan Kebutuhan Ruang dan Besaran Ruang ..........................................................50
Pendekatan Aspek Kontekstual.............................................................................................54
5.2.1.
Pendekatan Hubungan Ruang dan Sirkulasi......................................................................55
5.2.1.1.
Aktivitas pengelola ........................................................................................................55
5.2.1.2.
Aktivitas peserta pendidikan dan pelatihan..................................................................56
5.3.
Pendekatan Aspek Kinerja.....................................................................................................56
5.3.1.
Sistem Pencahayaan..........................................................................................................56
5.3.2.
Sistem Penghawaan Ruang ...............................................................................................56
5.3.3.
Sistem Jaringan Air Bersih .................................................................................................57
5.3.4.
Sistem Jaringan Air Kotor ..................................................................................................57
5.3.5.
Sistem Jaringan Listrik .......................................................................................................57
5.3.6.
Sistem Pembuangan Sampah ............................................................................................57
5.3.7.
Sistem Pencegahan Kebakaran .........................................................................................58
5.3.8.
Sistem Keamanan ..............................................................................................................58
5.4.
Pendekatan Aspek Teknis......................................................................................................58
5.4.1.
Sistem Struktur..................................................................................................................58
5.4.2.
Sistem Pondasi ..................................................................................................................59
5.4.3.
Sistem Konstruksi Atap......................................................................................................59
5.5.
Pendekatan Aspek Visual Arsitektural ..................................................................................59
BAB VI ................................................................................................................................................61
PROGRAM PERENCANAAN DAN PERANCANGAN .............................................................................61
6.1.
Program Dasar Perencanaan.................................................................................................61
6.1.1.
Program Ruang ..................................................................................................................61
6.1.2.
Persyaratan Tapak .............................................................................................................63
6.2.
6.2.1.
Program Dasar Perancangan .................................................................................................63
Aspek Kinerja.....................................................................................................................63
iv
6.2.1.1.
Sistem Pencahayaan......................................................................................................63
6.2.1.2.
Sistem Penghawaan/Pengkondisian Ruang ..................................................................63
6.2.1.3.
Sistem Jaringan Air Bersih .............................................................................................63
6.2.1.4.
Sistem Jaringan Air Kotor ..............................................................................................63
6.2.1.5.
Sistem Jaringan Listrik ...................................................................................................64
6.2.1.6.
Sistem Pembuangan Sampah ........................................................................................64
6.2.1.7.
Sistem Pencegahan Kebakaran .....................................................................................64
6.2.1.8.
Sistem Keamanan ..........................................................................................................64
6.2.2.
Aspek Teknis......................................................................................................................64
6.2.2.1.
Sistem Struktur..............................................................................................................64
6.2.2.2.
Sistem Pondasi ..............................................................................................................64
6.2.2.3.
Sistem Konstruksi Atap..................................................................................................64
6.2.3.
Aspek Visual Arsitektural...................................................................................................65
DAFTAR PUSTAKA..............................................................................................................................66
v
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Skema Alur Pikir...............................................................................................................4
Gambar 2.1
Struktur Organisasi ......................................................................................................6
Gambar 2.2
Contoh tower rappeliing ...........................................................................................12
Gambar 5.1
Standar Helipad .........................................................................................................13
Gambar 2.3
(a) Double-loaded Corridor, (b) Gallery Type............................................................14
Gambar 2.4
Extended Core Plan ...................................................................................................15
Gambar 2.5
Ukuran Tempat Tidur dan Kamar Mandi...................................................................15
Gambar 2.6
Standar ruang makan ................................................................................................15
Gambar 2.7
Lokasi Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ........................................................................17
Gambar 2.8
Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ...................................................................................20
Gambar 2.9
Ruang Kepala Kantor dan Ruang Sekretaris pribadi..................................................21
Gambar 2.10
Ruang Sub Bagian Umum dan Ruang Seksi Potensi ..............................................21
Gambar 2.11
Ruang Data dan Ruang Keuangan .........................................................................22
Gambar 2.12
Ruang Humas dan Ruang Rescuer .........................................................................22
Gambar 2.13
Ruang Aula dan Ruang Fitness ..............................................................................22
Gambar 2.14
Ruang Aula dan Gudang Peralatan........................................................................23
Gambar 2.15
Tower rappelling dan Shelter kendaraan SAR .......................................................23
Gambar 2.16
Ruang Kantin dan Ruang Genset ...........................................................................23
Gambar 2.17
Lokasi Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya......................................................................25
Gambar 2.18
Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya.................................................................................26
Gambar 2.19
Gudang Peralatan dan Ruang Komunikasi ............................................................27
Gambar 2.20
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat .........................................................27
Gambar 2.21
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air..............................................................27
Gambar 2.22
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi udara dan rappeling tower .......................28
Gambar 2.23
Ruang Resepsionis dan Ruang Kelas .....................................................................29
Gambar 2.24
Training pool .........................................................................................................30
Gambar 2.25
Peralatan penyelamatan dan Confined Space Entry Simulator.............................30
Gambar 2.26
Ruang Ibadah (Mushola) .......................................................................................30
Gambar 2.27
Eksterior FDNY Rescue Company 3 .......................................................................31
Gambar 2.28
Garasi, ruang peralatan, dan ruang pelatihan ......................................................32
Gambar 2.29
Ruang Kerja FDNY Rescue Company 3...................................................................32
Gambar 3.1
Peta Kota Semarang ..................................................................................................35
Gambar 3.2
Peta Kelurahan Gondoriyo, Kecamatan Ngaliyan, Kota Semarang ...........................38
vi
Gambar 3.3
Analisa Posisi Tapak...................................................................................................39
Gambar 3.4
Peta Posisi Tapak terhadap Kantor SAR ....................................................................40
Gambar 5.1
Tapak Perencanaan dan Perancangan ......................................................................54
Gambar 5.2
Diagram Sirkulasi Aktivitas Pengelola .......................................................................55
Gambar 5.3
Diagram Sirkulasi Aktivitas Peserta Diklat.................................................................56
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 1.1 Skema Alur Pikir...............................................................................................................4
Gambar 2.1
Struktur Organisasi ......................................................................................................6
Gambar 2.2
Contoh tower rappeliing ...........................................................................................12
Gambar 5.1
Standar Helipad .........................................................................................................13
Gambar 2.3
(a) Double-loaded Corridor, (b) Gallery Type............................................................14
Gambar 2.4
Extended Core Plan ...................................................................................................15
Gambar 2.5
Ukuran Tempat Tidur dan Kamar Mandi...................................................................15
Gambar 2.6
Standar ruang makan ................................................................................................15
Gambar 2.7
Lokasi Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ........................................................................17
Gambar 2.8
Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ...................................................................................20
Gambar 2.9
Ruang Kepala Kantor dan Ruang Sekretaris pribadi..................................................21
Gambar 2.10
Ruang Sub Bagian Umum dan Ruang Seksi Potensi ..............................................21
Gambar 2.11
Ruang Data dan Ruang Keuangan .........................................................................22
Gambar 2.12
Ruang Humas dan Ruang Rescuer .........................................................................22
Gambar 2.13
Ruang Aula dan Ruang Fitness ..............................................................................22
Gambar 2.14
Ruang Aula dan Gudang Peralatan........................................................................23
Gambar 2.15
Tower rappelling dan Shelter kendaraan SAR .......................................................23
Gambar 2.16
Ruang Kantin dan Ruang Genset ...........................................................................23
Gambar 2.17
Lokasi Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya......................................................................25
Gambar 2.18
Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya.................................................................................26
Gambar 2.19
Gudang Peralatan dan Ruang Komunikasi ............................................................27
Gambar 2.20
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat .........................................................27
Gambar 2.21
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air..............................................................27
Gambar 2.22
Alat Transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi udara dan rappeling tower .......................28
Gambar 2.23
Ruang Resepsionis dan Ruang Kelas .....................................................................29
Gambar 2.24
Training pool .........................................................................................................30
Gambar 2.25
Peralatan penyelamatan dan Confined Space Entry Simulator.............................30
Gambar 2.26
Ruang Ibadah (Mushola) .......................................................................................30
Gambar 2.27
Eksterior FDNY Rescue Company 3 .......................................................................31
Gambar 2.28
Garasi, ruang peralatan, dan ruang pelatihan ......................................................32
Gambar 2.29
Ruang Kerja FDNY Rescue Company 3...................................................................32
Gambar 3.1
Peta Kota Semarang ..................................................................................................35
Gambar 3.2
Peta Kelurahan Gondoriyo, Kecamatan Ngaliyan, Kota Semarang ...........................38
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Gambar 3.3
Analisa Posisi Tapak...................................................................................................39
Gambar 3.4
Peta Posisi Tapak terhadap Kantor SAR ....................................................................40
Gambar 5.1
Tapak Perencanaan dan Perancangan ......................................................................54
Gambar 5.2
Diagram Sirkulasi Aktivitas Pengelola .......................................................................55
Gambar 5.3
Diagram Sirkulasi Aktivitas Peserta Diklat.................................................................56
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Standar Minimum Kendaraan SAR ................................................................................10
Tabel 2.2
Daftar Peralatan SAR .....................................................................................................10
Tabel 2.3
Standar Luas Ruang Kerja ..............................................................................................14
Tabel 2.4
Penentuan Satuan Ruang Parkir (SRP) ..........................................................................16
Tabel 2.5
Alat transportasi SAR Kendaraan Roda 6 ......................................................................18
Tabel 2.6
Alat transportasi SAR Kendaraan Roda 4 ......................................................................18
Tabel 2.7
Alat transportasi SAR Kendaraan Roda 2 ......................................................................18
Tabel 2.8
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air ......................................................................19
Tabel 2.9
Data Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ................................................................20
Tabel 2.10
Studi Banding Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ............................................................23
Tabel 2.11
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi darat ..............................................................25
Tabel 2.12
Alat transportasi SAR untuk evakuasi air ..................................................................25
Tabel 2.13
Studi Banding Kantor SAR di Kota Surabaya .............................................................28
Tabel 2.14
Studi Banding Venture Gulf Training Center .............................................................30
Tabel 2.15
Studi Banding FDNY RESCUE COMPANY 3 IN NEW YORK .........................................32
Tabel 2.16
Rekaitulasi Fasilitas dari Studi Banding .....................................................................33
Tabel 2.17
Manfaat Studi Banding ..............................................................................................33
Tabel 3.1
BWK dan Potensi ...........................................................................................................36
Tabel 3.2
Data Jumlah Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ....................................................40
Tabel 3.3
Data Jumlah Pegawai Pos SAR di Kabupaten Jepara.....................................................42
Tabel 3.4
Data Jumlah Pegawai Pos SAR di Kabupaten Surakarta................................................42
Tabel 3.5
Data Jumlah Pegawai Pos SAR di Kabupaten Cilacap....................................................42
Tabel 3.6
Ruang Pegawai Kantor SAR di Kota Semarang ..............................................................42
Tabel 3.7
Kegiatan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR tahun 2013-2014 ...........................................43
Tabel 5.1
Alokasi Waktu Kegiatan Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR dalam 1 tahun .......................46
Tabel 5.2
Pendekatan Kapasitas Peserta Pendidikan dan Pelatihan SAR .....................................48
Tabel 5.3
Pendekatan Kapasitas Ruang Pengelola........................................................................49
Tabel 5.4
Pendekatan Kapasitas Ruang Servis ..............................................................................50
Tabel 5.5
Pendekatan Kapasitas Parkir .........................................................................................50
Tabel 5.6
Pendekatan Kebutuhan Ruang dan Besaran Ruang ......................................................51
Tabel 6.1
Program Ruang ..............................................................................................................61
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