Fadli Mardian 22010112130179 Lap.KTI BAB 7

37

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
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Berprestasi. 2000:81.

3.

Nieman DC, Gillitt ND, Henson DA, Wei Sha, Shanely SA, Knab AM, et al.
Bananas as an Energy Source during Exercise: A Metabolomics Approach.
PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37479. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0037479.

4.


Shirreffs SM. The optimal Sport
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Brahm U. Pendit. Human Physiology: From Cells to System. Jakarta: EGC;
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Guyton AC, Hall JE. Fisiologi Kedokteran. Terjemahan Irawati Setiawan.
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Fox SI, La Fleur KM, Van de Graaf KM. Synopsis of Human Anatomy aand
Physiology. In: K N, ed. Muscular System. Lowa: Wm. C. Brown Publisher;
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Kuntaraf KL, Kuntaraf J. Olahraga mempertinggi vitalitas paru-paru. In:
Saerang, ed. Olahraga Sumber Kesehatan. Bandung: Percetakan Advent;
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Nieuwenhoven V, Brummer RM, Brouns F. Gastrointestinal funtion during
exercise comparison of water, sport drink with caffeine. J Appl Physiol.
2000:89:1079-1085.

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Werner Hoeger, Sharon A Hoeger. Fitness and Wellness. Colorado: Morton
Publishing Company; 1996.

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Heskell, William, Michaella Kienan. Methodologic Issues In Measuring
Physical Activity and Physical Fitness When Evaluating The Roll of Dietary
Supplements for Physical Active People. 2000;72:541S - 50S.

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WHO. Global Recomendation on Physical Acttivity for Health. In:
Switzerland: WHO; 2010.

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Williams C. Diet and Endurance Fitness. Am J Clin Nutr 1989. 1989:49.

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Murray RK, Granner DK, Rodwell VW. Biokimia Harper (Harper's
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Prista A, Maia JA, Damasceno A, Beunen G. Antropometric Indicators of
Nutritional Status: Implications For Fitness, Activity, Nd Health in School-

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Age Children And Adolescents From Maputo. Mozambique: Am J Clint
Nutr; 2003.
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Robert D, Ros P, Jan R, Dennis R. Physical Education and the Study of Sport.
5th 3d. Philadelphia: Elsevier Mosby; 2004:76-79.

18.


Hornsby J. The Effects of Carbohidrate-Electrolite Sports Drinks on
Performance and Physiological Funtion during an 8km Cycle Time Trial.
Playmouth Student Scientist 2011;4:30-49.

19.

Baras F. Kardiologi Molekuler. Jakarta: Kardia iqratama; 2006.

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Primana DA. Kebutuhan Air & Elektrolit Pada Olahraga. Pedoman Pelatih
Gizi Olahraga Untuk Berprestasi. 2000:49.

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SNI. Air Minum Dalam Kemasan. desalite. 2006. Available:
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Gordon MW. Perspectives in Nutrition. Sixth Edit. New York: The McGrawHill Companies; 2004;110


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Kumar S, Bhowmik D, Duraivel S, Umadevi M. Traditional and Medicinal
uses of Banana. J Pharmacogn Phytochem. 2012;1.

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Desty EP. The Miracle of Fruits. Jakarta: Agromedia Pustaka; 2015: 217220

25.

Jones and Barlett. Endurance and Ultra Endurance Athletes. Pract Apl Sport
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Fitness CoNatCoSMa. Clinical Reprot- Sports Drinks and Energy Drinks For
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Harijadi Pramono, Fen Tih, Albertuh GH. Perbandingan Efek Pemberian Air
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Lari Jarak Jauh Selama 30 Menit Pada Pria Dewasa Non Atlet. 2014. [cited
2016 Jan 4]. Available from: repository.maranatha.edu

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Mindaha Gracia Wungo. Pengaruh Pemberian Bubur Buah Pisang Terhadap
Endurance Tubuh Selama Melakukan Olahraga Lari Jarak Jauh Pada Pria
Dewasa Non-Atlet. 2012. [cited 2016 Jan 7]. Available from:
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Oliver R. Efek Pemberian Air Gula 5% Terhadap Endurance Selama
Melakukan Aktivitas Lari Jrak Jauh Pada Pria Dewasa Non-Atlet. 2012
[cited 2016 Jan 4]. Available from: repository.maranatha.edu


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Exercise Metabolism. 2011:21;300-310.

31.

Susan M. Shirreffs LFA-V, Mhairi Keil, Thomas D. Love, Sian Phillips.

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Rehydration After Exercise in the Heat: A Comparison of 4 Commonly Used
Drinks. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism.
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Kenneth Graham, John Marsden, Nathan Versey, David Bourke. The effect
of a carbohydrate-electrolyte sports drink on intense endurance exercise
performance. 2006.


40

Lampiran 1. Ethical Clearance

41

Lampiran 2. Informed Consent
JUDUL PENELITIAN

: Perbandingan Efektivitas Pemberian Minuman
Isotonik dan Jus Pisang Terhadap Daya Tahan
Otot Selama Aktivitas Lari 30 Menit

INSTANSI PELAKSANA

: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro

PENELITI

: Fadli Mardian


Persetujuan setelah Penjelasan
(INFORMED CONSENT)

Yth. Saudara/i :
Nama saya Fadli Mardian, saya adalah mahasiswa Program Studi S-1 Ilmu
Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro. Saya akan
melakukan penelitian dengan judul Perbandingan Efektivitas Pemberian minuman
Isotonik dan Jus Pisang Terhadap Daya Tahan Otot Selama Aktivitas Lari 30 Menit.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk Membandingkan efektivitas antara pemberian
minuman isotonik dan jus pisang terhadap daya tahan otot selama aktivitas lari 30
menit. Saudara akan diminta untuk melakukan 3 kali percobaan, p Saudara tidak
boleh dalam keadaan dehidrasi, harus tidur cukup selama 7-8 jam pada malam
sebelum penelitian, tidak mengonsumsi minuman berenergi 24 jam sebelum
penelitian, dan makan maksimal 2 jam sebelum penelitian. (1) Saudara akan
diminta untuk berolahraga lari dengan selama 30 menit. (2). Setelah itu,Saudara
akan diberi perlakuan sesuai kelompok (kelompok 1: tidak diberi air minum,
kelompok 2: diberi jus pisang, kelompok 3: diberi minuman isotonik). Tiap
perlakuan akan dilakukan dengan jeda minimal 5 hari. Dari masing-masing
perlakuan jarak tempuh lari yang dilakukan saudara akan dicatat sebagai bahan

penelitian. Manfaat dari penelitian ini adalah Saudara dapat mengetahui manakah
jenis minuman yang efektif untuk daya tahan otot selama aktivitas lari 30 menit.
Saya menjamin bahwa penelitian ini tidak akan menimbulkan efek yang merugikan
pada Saudara/i. Penelitian saya ini bersifat sukarela dan tidak ada unsur paksaan.
Dalam penelitian ini, saya menjamin kerahasiaan segala data yang saya peroleh,
data hanya akan saya gunakan untuk kepentingan penelitian. Apabila ada informasi
yang belum jelas, Saudara bisa menghubungi saya, Fadli Mardian, Program Studi

42

Pendidikan Dokter Universitas Dipoenegoro (HP: 081268579329). Dokter
penanggung jawab dalam penelitian ini, dr. Darmawati Ayu Indraswari, M.Si.Med
(HP: 08562789249)
Demikian penjelasan dari saya. Terima kasih atas kerjasama Saudara/i dalam
penelitian ini.

43

Judul Penelitian : PERBANDINGAN EFEKTIVITAAS PEMBERIAN
MINUMAN ISOTONIK DAN JUS PISANG TERHADAP
DAYA TAHAN OTOT SELAMA AKTIVITAS LARI
30 MENIT
Setelah mendengar dan memahami penjelasan penelitian, dengan ini saya
menyatakan:
Nama

:

Usia

:

Tanggal lahir :
Jenis kelamin : Laki-laki
Alamat

:

SETUJU / TIDAK SETUJU*
untuk ikut sebagai subjek penelitian.

Semarang, ……………2016
Peneliti

(

*coret yang tidak perlu

Saya yang membuat pernyataan

)

(

)

44

Lampiran 3. Hasil analisis statistik
Karakteristik
Descriptives
Statistic
USIA

Mean

21,188

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

20,536

Mean

Upper Bound

21,839

5% Trimmed Mean

21,208

Median

21,000

Variance

1,2230

Minimum

19,0

Maximum

23,0

Range

4,0

Interquartile Range

1,0

Skewness

-,155

,564

Kurtosis

-,100

1,091

64,269

1,3507

Mean
95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

61,390

Mean

Upper Bound

67,148

5% Trimmed Mean

64,387

Median

63,600

Variance

29,189

Std. Deviation

5,4027

Minimum

53,4

Maximum

73,0

Range

19,6

Interquartile Range

Tinggi badan (m)

,3058

1,496

Std. Deviation

Berat badan (kg)

Std. Error

8,9

Skewness

-,212

,564

Kurtosis

-,482

1,091

1,7325

,01124

Mean
95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

1,7086

Mean

Upper Bound

1,7564

5% Trimmed Mean

1,7322

Median

1,7400

45

Variance

,002

Std. Deviation

Indeks massa tubuh

,04494

Minimum

1,65

Maximum

1,82

Range

,17

Interquartile Range

,08

Skewness

-,001

,564

Kurtosis

-,354

1,091

21,6244

,29788

Mean
95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

20,9895

Mean

Upper Bound

22,2593

5% Trimmed Mean

21,6476

Median

21,7150

Variance

1,420

Std. Deviation

1,19150

Minimum

19,17

Maximum

23,66

Range

4,49

Interquartile Range

1,80

Skewness

-,268

,564

Kurtosis

-,367

1,091

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
USIA

,252

Berat badan (kg)
Tinggi badan (m)
Indeks massa tubuh

,122
,129
,161

df

Shapiro-Wilk

Sig.

Statistic

df

Sig.

16

,008

,876

16

,034

16

,200*

,973

16

,888

16

,200*

,981

16

,974

16

,200*

,972

16

,872

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Deskriptif data kontrol
Descriptives
Statistic
10 menit-1

Mean

1270,00

Std. Error
58,102

46

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

1146,16

Mean

Upper Bound

1393,84

5% Trimmed Mean

1257,22

Median

1225,00

Variance

54013,333

Std. Deviation

232,408

Minimum

1020

Maximum

1750

Range

730

Interquartile Range

253

Skewness
Kurtosis
10 menit-2

Mean

,564

,218

1,091

1575,00

56,281

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

1455,04

Mean

Upper Bound

1694,96

5% Trimmed Mean

1560,00

Median

1530,00

Variance

50680,000

Std. Deviation

10 menit-3

1,074

225,122

Minimum

1310

Maximum

2110

Range

800

Interquartile Range

343

Skewness

,891

,564

Kurtosis

,530

1,091

1337,13

38,146

Mean
95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

1255,82

Mean

Upper Bound

1418,43

5% Trimmed Mean

1331,08

Median

1318,50

Variance
Std. Deviation

23282,383
152,586

Minimum

1060

Maximum

1723

Range

663

Interquartile Range

181

Skewness

,883

,564

47

Kurtosis
total

Mean

1,975

1,091

4194,63

100,398

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

3980,63

Mean

Upper Bound

4408,62

5% Trimmed Mean

4185,81

Median

4181,50

Variance

161276,383

Std. Deviation

401,592

Minimum

3618

Maximum

4930

Range

1312

Interquartile Range

633

Skewness

,478

,564

-,393

1,091

Kurtosis

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
10 menit-1

df

,194

10 menit-2

,130

10 menit-3

,155

total

,143

Shapiro-Wilk

Sig.

Statistic

df

Sig.

16

,109

,859

16

,018

16

,200*

,930

16

,243

16

,200*

,935

16

,293

16

,200*

,949

16

,474

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Deskriptif data perlakuan minuman isotonik
Descriptives
Statistic
10 menit-1

Mean

1367,50

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

1221,39

Mean

Upper Bound

1513,61

5% Trimmed Mean

1352,78

Median

1285,00

Variance

75180,000

Std. Error
68,547

48

Std. Deviation

274,190

Minimum

960

Maximum

2040

Range

1080

Interquartile Range

370

Skewness

,853

,564

1,024

1,091

1599,38

40,471

Kurtosis
10 menit-2

Mean
95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

1513,11

Mean

Upper Bound

1685,64

5% Trimmed Mean

1604,86

Median

1630,00

Variance

26206,250

Std. Deviation

10 menit-3

161,883

Minimum

1260

Maximum

1840

Range

580

Interquartile Range

205

Skewness

-,691

,564

Kurtosis

-,028

1,091

1696,25

83,912

Mean
95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

1517,40

Mean

Upper Bound

1875,10

5% Trimmed Mean

1666,94

Median

1635,00

Variance

112659,267

Std. Deviation

335,648

Minimum

1260

Maximum

2660

Range

1400

Interquartile Range

Total

393

Skewness

1,624

,564

Kurtosis

3,725

1,091

4590,56

114,875

Mean
95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

4345,71

Mean

Upper Bound

4835,41

5% Trimmed Mean

4584,12

49

Median

4571,00

Variance

211139,596

Std. Deviation

459,499

Minimum

3837

Maximum

5460

Range

1623

Interquartile Range

606

Skewness

,065

,564

-,283

1,091

Kurtosis

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
10 menit-1

df

,174

10 menit-2

,147

10 menit-3

,144

Total

,112

Shapiro-Wilk

Sig.

Statistic

df

Sig.

16

,200*

,946

16

,427

16

,200*

,943

16

,387

16

,200*

,872

16

,029

16

,200*

,975

16

,907

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Deskriptif data perlakuan jus pisang
Descriptives
Statistic
10 menit-1

Mean

1403,13

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

1238,05

Mean

Upper Bound

1568,20

5% Trimmed Mean

1394,03

Median

1355,00

Variance
Std. Deviation

95969,583
309,790

Minimum

960

Maximum

2010

Range

1050

Interquartile Range

505

Std. Error
77,447

50

Skewness
Kurtosis
10 menit-2

Mean

-,286

1,091

1705,00

56,473

Lower Bound

1584,63

Mean

Upper Bound

1825,37

5% Trimmed Mean

1718,33

Median

1760,00
51026,667

Std. Deviation

225,891

Minimum

1150

Maximum

2020

Range

870

Interquartile Range

278

Skewness
Kurtosis
Mean

-1,212

,564

1,202

1,091

1801,38

49,452

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

1695,97

Mean

Upper Bound

1906,78

5% Trimmed Mean

1805,42

Median

1788,50

Variance

39127,717

Std. Deviation

Total

,564

95% Confidence Interval for

Variance

10 menit-3

,563

197,807

Minimum

1440

Maximum

2090

Range

650

Interquartile Range

292

Skewness

-,234

,564

Kurtosis

-,810

1,091

5018,88

156,674

Mean
95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

4684,93

Mean

Upper Bound

5352,82

5% Trimmed Mean

5028,03

Median

5065,00

Variance
Std. Deviation

392749,717
626,697

Minimum

3933

Maximum

5940

51

Range

2007

Interquartile Range

1082

Skewness

-,103

,564

Kurtosis

-,977

1,091

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic

df

Shapiro-Wilk

Sig.

Statistic

df

Sig.

10 menit-1

,116

16

,200*

,947

16

,449

10 menit-2

,276

16

,002

,884

16

,045

10 menit-3

,100

16

,200*

,959

16

,648

Total

,097

16

,200*

,961

16

,676

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Deskriptif perbandingan total jarak tempuh
Descriptives
Statistic
kontrol

Mean

4194,6250

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

3980,6316

Mean

Upper Bound

4408,6184

5% Trimmed Mean

4185,8056

Median

4181,5000

Variance

401,59231

Minimum

3618,00

Maximum

4930,00

Range

1312,00

Interquartile Range

632,75

Skewness
Kurtosis
Mean

,478

,564

-,393

1,091

4590,5625

114,87482

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

4345,7126

Mean

Upper Bound

4835,4124

5% Trimmed Mean

100,39808

161276,383

Std. Deviation

isotonik

Std. Error

4584,1250

52

Median

4571,0000

Variance

211139,596

Std. Deviation

459,49929

Minimum

3837,00

Maximum

5460,00

Range

1623,00

Interquartile Range

605,75

Skewness

,065

,564

-,283

1,091

5018,8750

156,67437

Kurtosis
pisang

Mean
95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

4684,9315

Mean

Upper Bound

5352,8185

5% Trimmed Mean

5028,0278

Median

5065,0000

Variance

392749,717

Std. Deviation

626,69747

Minimum

3933,00

Maximum

5940,00

Range

2007,00

Interquartile Range

1081,75

Skewness

-,103

,564

Kurtosis

-,977

1,091

Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
kontrol
isotonik
pisang

,143
,112
,097

df

Shapiro-Wilk

Sig.

Statistic

df

Sig.

16

,200*

,949

16

,474

16

,200*

,975

16

,907

16

,200*

,961

16

,676

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

53

Independent Samples T-test
Kontrol - minuman isotonik
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances

t-test for Equality of Means
95% Confidence
Interval of the

Sig.

F
Jarak

Sig.

t

df

(2-

Mean

Std. Error

tailed)

Difference

Difference

Difference
Lower

Upper

Equal
varian
ces

,186

,669 -2,595

30

,014

-395,93750

152,56474

-707,51626 -84,35874

-2,595

29,472

,015

-395,93750

152,56474

-707,75065 -84,12435

assum
ed
Equal
varian
ces
not
assum
ed

54

Kontrol – jus pisang

Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test
for Equality of
Variances

t-test for Equality of Means
95% Confidence Interval of

Sig.

F
Jarak

Sig.

t

df

(2-

Mean

Std. Error

tailed)

Difference

Difference

the Difference
Lower

Upper

Equal
varian
ces

3,374

,076 -4,429

30

,000

-824,25000

186,08232

-1204,28080

-444,21920

-4,429

25,542

,000

-824,25000

186,08232

-1207,08215

-441,41785

assum
ed
Equal
varian
ces
not
assum
ed

55

Minuman isotonik – jus pisang
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test
for Equality of
Variances

t-test for Equality of Means
95% Confidence Interval

Sig.

F
Jarak

Sig.

t

df

(2-

Mean

Std. Error

tailed)

Difference

Difference

of the Difference
Lower

Upper

Equal
varian
ces

1,897

,179 -2,205

30

,035

-428,31250 194,27579

-825,07659 -31,54841

-2,205

27,512

,036

-428,31250 194,27579

-826,58680 -30,03820

assum
ed
Equal
varian
ces
not
assum
ed

56

Lampiran 4. Biodata Mahasiswa
Identitas
Nama

: Fadli Mardian

NIM

: 22010112130179

Tempat/Tanggal Lahir: Jakarta, 6 Juni 1993
Jenis Kelamin

: Laki-laki

Alamat

: Jl menteng wadas timur no.2, Pasar manggis, Jaksel

No. Handphone

: 081268579329

Email

: fadly.fm@gmail.com

Riwayat Pendidikan Formal
1. SD : SDN Pasar Manggis 03 Pg Jakarta

Lulus tahun: 2005

2. SMP : SMP Negeri 67 Jakarta

Lulus tahun: 2008

3. SMA : SMA Negeri 68 Jakarta

Lulus tahun: 2011

4. S1

Masuk tahun: 2012

: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro

Keanggotaan Organisasi
1. Mahasiswa Pecinta Alam Medica (MALADICA) tahun 2013-sekarang
2. Himpunan Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro tahun 2013