Science, Nutrition and Microbiology Second Edition (Terjemahan: Ilmu
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Cauvain, S.P. and L.S.Young. (2006) The Chorleywood Bread Process. Woodhead.Publishing,
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Floros, J.D. and V. Gnanasekharan. (1993). Shelf life prediction of packaged foods: chemichal,
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Kilcast, D. and P. Subramaniam.(2000). The Stability and Shelf-Life of Food. Woodhead
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Minyak Sawit. Kumpulan Hasil Penelitian Terbaik Bogasari Nugraha 1998-2001.
7. APPENDICES
appendix 1.Sensory Hedonic Ranking Test Uji ranking Sample code A : 457,678.892,831 B : 890,975,123,451 C : 781,654,764,921 Jenis sampel : roti Identifikasi sampel Kode o
Bread Premix 21 C A o Bread Premix 27 C B o Bread Premix 37 C C Kode kombinasi urutan penyajian: ABC = 1 ACB = 2 CAB = 3 BCA = 4 Penyajian urutan penyajian
Booth Panelis Kode sampel
1 I # 1 457 890 781 2 II # 2 678 654 975 3 III # 3 764 892 123 4 IV # 4 451 921 831Rekap kode sampel: Sampel A 457 678 892 831 Sampel B 890 975 123 451 Sampel C 781 654 764 921
Worksheet Nama : tanggal: Produk : Atribut :Pori-pori
UJI RANKING Dihadapan anda terdapat 3 sampel roti. Perhatikan sampel secara berurutan dari kiri kekanan perhatikan pori- pori pada roti, anda boleh mengulang sesering yang anda perlukan. Urutkan sampel dari yang pori-porinya renggang dan tidak rapat (=3) sampai yang paling rapat (=1). Kode sampel ranking (tidak boleh ada yang sama)
-------------- --------------
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Nama : tanggal: Produk : Atribut :tekstur(hardness) UJI RANKING Dihadapan anda terdapat 3 sampel roti. Perhatikan sampel secara berurutan dari kiri kekanan,
tentukan kekerasan dari masing-masing sampel dengan cara menggigit dengan gigi geraham. Setelah mencicipi semua sampel, anda boleh mengulang sesering yang anda perlukan. Urutkan sampel dari yang paling keras (=3) sampai yang paling tidak keras(=1).
Kode sampel ranking (tidak boleh ada yang sama)
-------------- --------------
-------------- --------------
-------------- --------------
Nama : tanggal: Produk : Atribut :tekstur(springiness) UJI RANKING Dihadapan anda terdapat 3 sampel roti. Perhatikan sampel secara berurutan dari kiri kekanan, tentukan kekenyalan dari masing-masing sampel dengan cara menggigit dengan gigi geraham kemudian rasakan apakah roti dapat kembali seperti semula. Setelah mencicipi semua sampel, anda boleh mengulang sesering yang anda perlukan. Urutkan sampel dari yang paling tidak kenyal (=3) sampai yang paling kenyal(=1). Kode sampel ranking (tidak boleh ada yang sama)
-------------- --------------
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Nama : tanggal: Produk : Atribut :overall UJI RANKING Dihadapan anda terdapat 3 sampel roti. Perhatikan sampel secara berurutan dari kiri kekanan,
rasakan masing-masing,anda boleh mengulang sesering yang anda perlukan. Setelah mencicipi semua sampel urutkan sampel dari yang paling tidak anda sukai(=3) sampai yang paling anda sukai(=1). Kode sampel ranking (tidak boleh ada yang sama)
-------------- --------------
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-------------- --------------
Nama : tanggal: Produk : Atribut :Rasa (ketengikan) UJI RANKING Dihadapan anda terdapat 3 sampel roti. Perhatikan sampel secara berurutan dari kiri kekanan, rasakan masing-masing,anda boleh mengulang sesering yang anda perlukan. Setelah mencicipi semua sampel urutkan sampel dari yang paling tengik (=3) sampai yang paling tidak tengik(=1). Kode sampel ranking (tidak boleh ada yang sama)
-------------- --------------
-------------- --------------
-------------- --------------
Nama : tanggal: Produk : Atribut :Aroma (ketengikan) UJI RANKING Dihadapan anda terdapat 3 sampel roti. Perhatikan sampel secara berurutan dari kiri kekanan,
ciumlah masing-masing,anda boleh mengulang sesering yang anda perlukan. Setelah mencicipi semua sampel urutkan sampel dari yang paling tengik (=3) sampai yang paling tidak tengik(=1). Kode sampel ranking (tidak boleh ada yang sama)
-------------- --------------
-------------- --------------
70 3 .0813 Sig. 84 3 .0980
3 .0597 7 3 .0797
35 3 .1007 28 3 .1163 .1163
42 3 .1177 .1177 14 3 .1193
21 3 .1260 .1260
56 3 .1383 .1383 49 3 .1420
.1420 70 3 .1487 Sig. 1.000 1.000 .056 .283 .071 63 3 .1547 .074 Means for groups in homog eneous subsets are displayed.
suhu_27
Duncan hari N
Subset for alpha = 0.05 1 3 .0597 56 3 .0657 14 3 .0683 28 3 .0707 42 3 .0770
.062 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
Duncan suhu_37
suhu_21 Duncan hari N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1 42 3
.0587 3 .0597
14 3
.0603 28 3 .0613 56 3
.0637 70 3 .0683 84 3
.0730 Sig. .082
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
hari N Subset for alpha = 0.05 1 2 3 4 5 6
appendix 2. Post hoc Duncan tba bread premix based on temperature appendix 3. Post hoc Duncan tba bread premix based on storage time hari_14
Duncan
Duncan
suhu N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1
2 21
3 .0603
273 .0683
37
3 .1193 Sig. .253 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
hari_0
1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
suhu N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1 21 3 .0597
27
3 .0597
37
3 .0597 Sig.
hari_42 hari_28 Duncan Duncan Subset for alpha = 0.05
Su bset for alpha = 0.05 suhu N
1
2
suhu N 1 2
21 3 .0587
21 3 .0613
27 3 .0770
27 3 .0707
37 3 .1177 37 3 .1163
Sig. .292 1.000 Sig. .214 1.000 displayed. Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
hari_70 hari_56
Duncan
Duncan Subset for alpha = 0.05 Subset for alpha = 0.05
suhu N
1
2 suhu N 1 2
21 3 .0683
21 3 .0637
27 3 .0813
27 3 .0657
37 3 .1487
37 3 .1383 .935 Sig.
.174 1.000
Sig. 1.000 displayed. Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are
displayed.
appendix 4. Post hoc Duncan tba bread based on temperature suhu_21 Duncan
Subset for alpha = 0.05 28 hari N 3 .0672 1 42 3 .0772 3 .0686 70 3 .0775 14 56 3 .0839 3 .0828 84 3 .0916 Sig. .077
subsets are displayed. Means for groups in homogeneous
suhu_27 Duncan
7 3 .1077 14 3 .1218 .1218
28 3 .1239 .1239 35 3 .1275 .1275
21 3 .1282 .1282 42 3 .1380
49 3 .1622 56 3 .1812 .1812
63 3 .1882 70 3 .2504
Sig.
1.000 .062 .135 .056 .468 1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
hari N Subset for alpha = 0.05 1 2 3
Duncan suhu_37
3 .0772 42 3
.0778 14 3
.0846 .0846 56 3
.0886 .0886 28 3
.0937 .0937 .0937 70 3
.1015 .1015
84 3
.1123
Sig. .130 .115 .077 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displa yed.
hari N Subset for alpha = 0.05 1 2 3 4 5 6 3 .0772
appendix 5. Post hoc Duncan tba bread based on storage time
hari_14
Duncan suhu
N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1
2
21
3 .0839
27
3 .0846
37 3 .1218 Sig.
.958 1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are
displayed.3 .0772 Sig. 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
hari_0
Duncan
suhu N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1 21
3
.0772
27
3 .0772 37
hari_42 hari_28 Duncan
Duncan Subset for alpha = 0.05
Subset for alpha = 0.05 2
suhu N
1
2
suhu N
1
3
.0672
21 3 .0686
21 3
27 3 .0778
.0937
27
3
37 3 .1380
37 3 .1239 Sig. .231 1.000
1.000 1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are
displayed.
Sig. 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
hari_56 hari_70
Duncan Duncan Subset for alpha = 0.05
Subset for alpha = 0.05
suhu N 1 2 suhu N
1
2
21 3 .0828
21 3 .0775
27 3 .0886
27 3 .1015
37 3 .1812
37 3 .2504
.458 displayed. Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are Sig. 1.000 Sig. .068 1.000 displayed.
appendix 6. Post hoc Duncan bread premix moisture based on temperature suhu_21
suhu_27 Duncan
Duncan
Subset for alpha = 0.05
Subset for alpha = 0.05 hari hari N
N
1
1
2
70 3 3 9.8200
9.5300
56
3
9.6500
14 3 10.0667
14 3
42 3 10.2300 9.7833
3
28 3 10.2967 9.8200 28
3 9.9067
56 3 10.3167 42 3 10.0033
70 3 11.1867 84 3 10.0667
84 3 11.6300
Sig. Sig.
.104 .110 .114
Means for groups in homogeneous Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are subsets are displayed. displayed.
suhu_37 Duncan hari N 1 2 Subset f or alpha = 0.05 3 4 5 3 9.7300
7 3 9.9967 9.9967 14 3 10.1033 10.1033 10.1033 21 3 10.2167 10.2167 10.2167 28 3 10.4533 10.4533 35 3 10.5500 56 3 10.5800 42 3 10.6067
49 3 10.6200 63 3 11.1867 70 3 11.1867 Sig. .069 .275 .087 .066 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
N
1
21 3 9.7833
37 3 9.9967
27 3 10.0667 Sig.
.273 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
hari_0
Duncan
suhu
Subset for alpha
Duncan suhu N
= 0.05
1 21
3 9.8200
27
3
9.8200 37
3 9.8200
Sig.
1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
Subset for alpha = 0.05
hari_14
appendix 7. Post hoc Duncan bread premix moisture based on storage time hari_42
hari_28
Duncan suhu N
Subset for alpha = 0.05
1
2
21 3 10.0033
27 3 10.2300 10.2300
37 3 10.5500 Sig.
.252 .124 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
Duncan suhu
N Subset for alpha
= 0.05
1 21
3 9.9067 37
3 10.2167 27
3 10.2967 Sig.
.239 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
suhu
1.000 .154 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
Sig.
10.6200
3
37
10.3167
3
27
9.6500
3
1 2 21
N Subset for alpha = 0.05
Duncan
appendix 8. Post hoc Duncan moisture bread based on temperature
hari_56
1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
Sig. 1.000
3 11.1867
37
3 11.1867
27
1 2 21 3 9.5300
Duncan suhu N Subset for alpha = 0.05
hari_70
appendix 9. Post hoc Duncan moisture bread based on storage time
appendix 10. Post hoc Duncan porosity based on temperature
appendix 11. Post hoc Duncan porosity based on storage time
53.4367
N Subset for alpha = .05 1
2
3
70 3
44.3733
56 3
47.3133
47.3133
28 3
53.4367
53.4367
3
suhu_21
54.3207
54.3207
54.3207
84 3
56.1713
56.1713
14 3
58.2183
42 3 61.7760 Sig.
.066 .098 .123 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
Duncan hari
.214 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
appendix 12. Post hoc Duncan hardness and springinees test based on temperature hardness
51.1097
suhu_27
Duncan hari N
Subset for alpha = .05
1 2 3 70
3 45.3053
84
3
46.4133
56
3
51.1097
.085
42 3
54.2870
3
54.3207
14
3
55.3250
28
3
63.6563
Sig.
42
63 3 41.2953
49 3 48.0967
56 3 49.0673 49.0673
7
3 51.6810 51.6810 51.6810
28
3
52.3820 52.3820 52.3820
3 54.3207 54.3207 54.3207 54.3207
21 3 55.4250 55.4250 55.4250
3
4
57.4933 57.4933
70
3
57.7103 57.7103
35 3
59.3673
14
3
65.3093
Sig.
1.000
.060 .055 .071 .123 1.000
5 6
3
Springiness suhu_21
56
Duncan hari
N
Subset for alpha = .05
1
2
3
14 3
1.7673
28 3 1.7923
70
3
2.0670 2.0670
3
2.1637 2.1637
3
2.5447 2.5447
84 3 2.8263
42
3
2.9920
Sig.
.124
.062 .078 Me ans for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
suhu_37
Duncan hari
N Subset for alpha = .05 1
2
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
84
3
2.6510
Sig.
.155 .066 .060 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
suhu_27
Duncan hari N
Subset for alpha = .05 1
2
3
42 3 2.0430
3
2.5447 2.5447
2.3930 2.3930
70 3 2.5023
3
2.5447
14 3 2.5597
56
3
2.
6807
28 3 3.8170
Sig.
21
3
suhu_37
2.0840 2.0840 2.0840
Duncan hari
N Subset for alpha = .05 1
2
3
56
3
1.6947
49 3 1.9913 1.9913
28 3
63
3
2.0923 2.0923 2.0923
42
3
2.3037 2.3037
35 3 2.3483 2.3483
70 3 2.3900 2.3900
7
3
2.4303 2.4303
14 3 2.4980 2.4980
.085 .188 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
appendix 13.Post hoc Duncan hardness and springinees test based on storage time hardness hari_0
Duncan Subset for alpha =
.05 suhu 1
N
21 3 54.3207
27 3 54.3207
37 3 54.3207
Sig. 1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
hari_14
Duncan Subset for alpha = .05 2 suhu N
1
27 3 55.3250
21 3 58.2183 58.2183
37 3 65.3093 Sig. .087
.437 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
hari_28
Duncan
Subset for alpha = .05 suhu
1 N
37 3 52.3820
3 21 53.4367
27 3 63.6563 Sig.
.147
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
hari_42
Duncan
Subset for alpha = .05 suhu
1
N
3
27 54.2870
37 3 57.4933
21 3 61.7760
Sig.
.161 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
hari_56
Duncan
Subset for alpha = .05 suhu
1 N
3 21 47.3133
3
37 49.0673
3 27 51.1097
Sig.
.092
Means for gro ups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
hari_70
Duncan
Subset for alpha = .05 suhu
1
2
N
3 21 44.3733
27 3 45.3053
37 3 57.7103
Sig. .766
1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.
springiness hari_0
Duncan
Subset for
alpha =
.05 suhu
1
N
6
21 28.4327
6
27 28.4327
37
6
28.4327
Sig. 1.000
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
hari_14
Duncan
Subset for alpha =
.05 suhu 1
N
37 6 27.0895
6 27 28.9423
21 6 29.9928 Sig.
.872
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
hari_28
Duncan
Subset for alpha = .05 suhu
1 N
6
21 27.6145
37 6 33.6967
27 6 33.7367
Sig. .761
Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
N
6
27.0383
Sig.
.888 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
hari_42
Duncan suhu
Subset for alpha =
27 6 26.8952
.05
1
27 6 28.1650
37 6 28.8643
21 6
32.3840 Sig.
37
24.7385
hari_70
6
Duncan suhu
N
Subset for alpha = .05 1
37 3 2.3900
27 3 2.5023
21
23.2202
6
Sig.
.161 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.600. b The group sizes are unequal. The harmonic mean of the group sizes is used. Type I error levels are not guaranteed.
hari_56
Duncan suhu
N Subset for alpha =
.05 1
21
.822 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6.000.
appendix 14. Correlation test Correlations
tba_pre moisture_pre tba_roti moisture_roti hardness Springiness tba_pre Pearson
- * ** ** ** 1 .440 .855 .624 -.129 -.249
Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) .004 .000 .000 .270 .031 N
75
40
75
75
75
75 moisture_pre Pearson
- ** ** ** .440
1 .575 .413 -.117 -.256 Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) .004 .000 .008 .472 .111 N
40
75
40
40
40
40 tba_roti Pearson
- ** ** ** .855 .575
1 .690 -.093 -.224 Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .000 .000 .428 .053 N
75
40
75
75
75
75 moisture_roti Pearson
- ** ** ** .624 .413 .690
1 -.148 -.178 Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .008 .000 .204 .127 N
75
40
75
75
75
75 ** hardness Pearson
- .129 -.117 -.093 -.148 1 .369
Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) .270 .472 .428 .204 .001 N
75
40
75
75
75
75 springiness Pearson
- ** *
- .249 -.256 -.224 -.178 .369
1 Correlation Sig. (2-tailed) .031 .111 .053 .127 .001 N
75
40
75
75
75
75 **. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).
- . Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed).
appendix 15. Post hoc Friedman bread based on temperature
Springiness taste a a Test Statistics Test Statistics
N 150 N 150
Chi -Square .520 Chi-Square 1.960
df 2 df
2 Asymp. Asymp. .771 .375
Sig. Sig.
a. Friedman Test
a. Friedman Test
Porosity a hardneess Test Statistics a
N 150 Test Statistics
Chi -Square 1.653 N 150
df
2 Chi-Square .013 Asymp.
df
2 .438
Sig.
Asymp.
.993
a. Friedman Test Sig.
a. Friedman Test
overall
Test Statistics
aN 150
Chi-Square 3.853
df2 Asymp. Sig.
.146
a. Friedman Test
T est Statistics a
N
150
Chi-Square
a. Friedman Test
2.893
df
2
Asymp.
Sig.
.235
a. Friedman Test
- Square
- Square
.025
4.943 df
Aroma appendix 16.Post hoc Friedman bread based on stored time Taste
37 o C Test Statistics a N
30 Chi-Square 5.851 df
4 Asymp. Sig.
.211
a. Friedman Test
27 o C Test Statistics a N
30 Chi
4
Asymp. Sig.
.293
a. Friedman Test
21 o C Test Statistics a N
30 Chi
11.190 df
4 Asymp. Sig.
a. Friedman Test
Test Statistics a
N
30 Chi-Square
6.05
8
df
4 Asymp.
Sig.
.195