WOMAN’S ROLE IN SECRETARIAT (2010) DIRECTED BY RANDALL WALLACE: A FEMINIST APPROACH Woman’s Role In Secretariat (2010) Directed By Randall Wallace: A Feminist Approach.
WOMAN’S ROLE IN SECRETARIAT (2010) DIRECTED BY
RANDALL WALLACE: A FEMINIST APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
Proposed by:
DEVI FEBRIANTO
A320080199
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2012
i
APPROVAL
WOMAN’S ROLE IN SECRETARIAT (2010) DIRECTED BY
RANDAL WALLACE: A FEMINIST APPROACH
Written by:
DEVI FEBRIANTO
A320080199
Approved by:
First Consultant,
Second Consultant,
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd.,M.Ed
NIK 772
ii
Nur Hidayat S.pd
NIK 771
TESTIMONY
Herewith, the researcher testifies that in this research there are no works have
been proposed to get bachelor degree in any universities and as long as the researcher
knows there are no works or statements that have been written or published by other
researcher, unless they are reference within this research and listed on the
bibliography.
If in the future, it is proven that there is untruth in his statement above, he will
be fully responsible.
Surakarta, Juny 2012
Devi Febrianto
iii
ACCEPTANCE
WOMAN’S ROLE IN SECRETARIAT (2010) DIRECTED BY
RANDAL WALLACE: A FEMINIST APPROACH
Written by:
DEVI FEBRIANTO
A320080199
Accepted by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Teams of Examiners
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed
Chair Person
(……………….)
2. Nur Hidayat S.pd
Secretary
(……………….)
3. Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
Member
(……………….)
School of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si
NIK. 547
iv
MOTTO
Allah will not change the people condition
as long as they do not change their state of
goodness themselves
(Ar-Ra’d : 11)
Never give up and do the best
(The writer)
Do What You Can, With What You Have, Where You Are
(Theodore Roosevelt)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
My beloved Mom and Dad for praying me forever
My beloved brothers
My beloved girlfriend
My beloved best friends wherever you are, thanks for the
time and laugh we share together.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, I would like to say Alhamdulillahi robil’alamin to express all my praise,
gratitude, and adoration to Allah SWT. He has enabled me to accomplish the research
paper; it is possible for me to finish my research paper because of His Power and
Permission.
The writer also realizes that this amazing moment cannot come true without
the help and support of other people. In this opportunity, the writer would like to
express his great gratitude to:
1. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si as the Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education
of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for giving approval to carry out this
research paper.
2. Titis Setyabudi, S,S as the Chief of English Department in Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
3. Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M.Hum. as my Academic Consultant of Teacher Training.
4. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed., as the first consultant who gave guidance
and advice during the arrangement of the research paper.
5. Nur Hidayat S.Pd as the second consultant who has improved the writing, in
order to make this research paper more qualified to read in correct sentences, and
the content.
vii
6. All of Lectures in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
7. His beloved Father and Mother “Jiyo and Gini” for their endless love, prayer,
advice and patience.
8. His beloved Grandfather, for attention and support in his life.
9. His Beloved handsome brother “Deni and Yoga”, I won’t make it without you.
10. His Beloved girl friend “Marliany”, you are the precious one, gives supports,
colorful in the writer’s life, the love, encouragement to him to finish the research
paper.
11. His “Freaky family” Tanti, Arin, Endah, Yuli, Wika, Entup, Arfin,Yogi for the
support morally, spiritually and giving the true meaning of friendship.
12. All of My friends in English Department which cannot be mentioned one by one
for their relationship, friendship, happiness and love.
13. All of people who help him finish this research paper.
Finally, the writer realizes that there are many weaknesses in this research
paper. Therefore, the writer welcomes any constructive criticism from readers to
make this research paper better. The writer hopes that this research paper is useful for
the readers who want to develop the English literary study.
Surakarta,
The writer
Devi Febrianto
viii
SUMMARY
DEVI FEBRIANTO, A320080199, WOMAN’S ROLE IN SECRETARIAT (2010)
DIRECTED BY RANDAL WALLACE: A FEMINIST APPROACH, Research
Paper, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2012.
The object of this research is the movie entitled Secretariat by Randal
Wallace. The major problem of this study is how the role of woman reflected in
movie Secretariat movie (2010) Directed by Randal Wallace. The research sets two
objectives: the first is to analyze the movie based on the structural elements of the
movie, and the second is to analyze the movie based on the Feminist Perspective.
This study belongs to qualitative study. In this method, the researcher uses
two data sources, namely primary and secondary data source. The primary data
source and the object of the study is the movie Secretariat itself, meanwhile
secondary data are reviews of the film which are collected from various sources and
other data which deal with the research, such as, from the journal, website and other
references that has connection with the research.
The outcome of the study is as follows: first, based on the structural analysis
of each elements, it shows that the character and characterization, plot, point of view,
setting of place and time, mise-en- scene, cinematography, editing, and the other
technical elements have the unity and successfully relate to one another then finally
are formulated into good quality of a movie. Second, based on the Feminist analysis,
the writer concludes that the role of woman is no less than men, even woman can be
better than men. Penny can run dual roles well in the issue of women’s position,
rights, role, and participation. The last, based on social background, there is close
relation between the production of this movie and the social reality underlying it,
such as social status and women condition. This movie tells the struggle of woman to
show her roles in the society.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ....................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL..........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ....................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ......................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................... vii
SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................
xi
CHAPTER
I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .................................................
1
B. Literature Review ............................................................
8
C. Problem Statement ...........................................................
8
D. Scope of the Study ...........................................................
8
E. Objective of the Study .....................................................
9
F. Benefit of the Study .........................................................
9
G. Research Method .............................................................
9
H. Paper Organization .......................................................... 11
CHAPTER
II UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Feminism ......................................................... 12
B. Major Principles of Feminism ......................................... 13
x
1. Women’s Position...................................................... 13
2. Women’s Role ........................................................... 14
3. Women’s Rights ........................................................ 15
4. Women’s Participation .............................................. 16
C. Structural Element of Movie ........................................... 16
1. Narrative Element .................................................... 17
a. Character and Characterization ......................... 17
b. Setting ............................................................... 17
c. Plot .................................................................... 18
d. Point of View .................................................... 19
e. Theme................................................................ 19
2. Technical Element .................................................... 19
a. Mise en scene .................................................... 19
1) Set dressing and Props ............................... 20
2) Costume and Make up................................ 20
3) Lighting ...................................................... 20
4) Figurative Expression and Movement ....... 21
b. Cinematography ................................................ 21
a) Photographical Qualities of Shot ............... 21
b) The Framing of Shot .................................. 22
c) The Duration of Shot.................................. 22
c. Sound ................................................................ 22
xi
d. Editing ............................................................... 22
D. Theoretical Application ................................................... 23
CHAPTER
III SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF THE AMERICA SOCIETY AT
THE EARLY OF 21ST CENTURY
A. Social Aspect .................................................................. 25
1. Upper Class................................................................ 25
2. Upper Middle Class .................................................. 26
3. Middle Class ............................................................. 27
4. Working Class .......................................................... 27
5. Lower Class ............................................................... 27
B. Economy Aspect .............................................................. 28
C. Politic Aspect ................................................................... 30
D. Science and Technology Aspect ....................................... 31
E. Religion ............................................................................ 32
F. Women’s Condition in US ............................................... 35
G. The Life of Randal Wallace ............................................. 36
CHAPTER
IV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements.......................................................... 40
1. Characters and Characterization .................................. 40
a. Major Character ..................................................... 40
b. Minor Character ..................................................... 45
2. Setting .......................................................................... 55
xii
a. Setting of time ....................................................... 55
b. Setting of places ..................................................... 56
3. Plot ............................................................................... 61
a. The beginning ........................................................ 61
b. The Middle ............................................................ 22
c. Resolution .............................................................. 62
4. Point of View ............................................................. 63
5. Theme ......................................................................... 55
B. Technical Element ........................................................... 55
1. Mise en scene.............................................................. 66
a) Set dressing and Props ......................................... 66
b) Costume and Make up ......................................... 69
c) Lighting ............................................................... 71
d) Figurative Expression and Movement ................. 72
2. Cinematography.......................................................... 73
a) Photographical Qualities of Shot ......................... 74
b) The Framing of Shot ............................................ 74
c) The Duration of Shot ........................................... 78
3. Sound .......................................................................... 78
4. Editing ........................................................................ 79
C. Discussion ........................................................................ 79
xiii
CHAPTER
V
FEMINIST ANALYSIS
A. Feminist Principles .......................................................... 82
1. Women’s Position....................................................... 82
2. Women’s Role ............................................................ 85
3. Women’s Rights ......................................................... 87
4. Women’s Participation ............................................... 89
B. Discussion ........................................................................ 90
CHAPTER
VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ....................................................................... 96
B. Suggestion ....................................................................... 97
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xiv
RANDALL WALLACE: A FEMINIST APPROACH
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
Proposed by:
DEVI FEBRIANTO
A320080199
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2012
i
APPROVAL
WOMAN’S ROLE IN SECRETARIAT (2010) DIRECTED BY
RANDAL WALLACE: A FEMINIST APPROACH
Written by:
DEVI FEBRIANTO
A320080199
Approved by:
First Consultant,
Second Consultant,
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd.,M.Ed
NIK 772
ii
Nur Hidayat S.pd
NIK 771
TESTIMONY
Herewith, the researcher testifies that in this research there are no works have
been proposed to get bachelor degree in any universities and as long as the researcher
knows there are no works or statements that have been written or published by other
researcher, unless they are reference within this research and listed on the
bibliography.
If in the future, it is proven that there is untruth in his statement above, he will
be fully responsible.
Surakarta, Juny 2012
Devi Febrianto
iii
ACCEPTANCE
WOMAN’S ROLE IN SECRETARIAT (2010) DIRECTED BY
RANDAL WALLACE: A FEMINIST APPROACH
Written by:
DEVI FEBRIANTO
A320080199
Accepted by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
Teams of Examiners
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed
Chair Person
(……………….)
2. Nur Hidayat S.pd
Secretary
(……………….)
3. Drs. H. Abdillah Nugroho, M.Hum.
Member
(……………….)
School of Teacher Training and Education
Dean,
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si
NIK. 547
iv
MOTTO
Allah will not change the people condition
as long as they do not change their state of
goodness themselves
(Ar-Ra’d : 11)
Never give up and do the best
(The writer)
Do What You Can, With What You Have, Where You Are
(Theodore Roosevelt)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
My beloved Mom and Dad for praying me forever
My beloved brothers
My beloved girlfriend
My beloved best friends wherever you are, thanks for the
time and laugh we share together.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First, I would like to say Alhamdulillahi robil’alamin to express all my praise,
gratitude, and adoration to Allah SWT. He has enabled me to accomplish the research
paper; it is possible for me to finish my research paper because of His Power and
Permission.
The writer also realizes that this amazing moment cannot come true without
the help and support of other people. In this opportunity, the writer would like to
express his great gratitude to:
1. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si as the Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education
of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for giving approval to carry out this
research paper.
2. Titis Setyabudi, S,S as the Chief of English Department in Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
3. Drs. Sigit Haryanto, M.Hum. as my Academic Consultant of Teacher Training.
4. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed., as the first consultant who gave guidance
and advice during the arrangement of the research paper.
5. Nur Hidayat S.Pd as the second consultant who has improved the writing, in
order to make this research paper more qualified to read in correct sentences, and
the content.
vii
6. All of Lectures in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
7. His beloved Father and Mother “Jiyo and Gini” for their endless love, prayer,
advice and patience.
8. His beloved Grandfather, for attention and support in his life.
9. His Beloved handsome brother “Deni and Yoga”, I won’t make it without you.
10. His Beloved girl friend “Marliany”, you are the precious one, gives supports,
colorful in the writer’s life, the love, encouragement to him to finish the research
paper.
11. His “Freaky family” Tanti, Arin, Endah, Yuli, Wika, Entup, Arfin,Yogi for the
support morally, spiritually and giving the true meaning of friendship.
12. All of My friends in English Department which cannot be mentioned one by one
for their relationship, friendship, happiness and love.
13. All of people who help him finish this research paper.
Finally, the writer realizes that there are many weaknesses in this research
paper. Therefore, the writer welcomes any constructive criticism from readers to
make this research paper better. The writer hopes that this research paper is useful for
the readers who want to develop the English literary study.
Surakarta,
The writer
Devi Febrianto
viii
SUMMARY
DEVI FEBRIANTO, A320080199, WOMAN’S ROLE IN SECRETARIAT (2010)
DIRECTED BY RANDAL WALLACE: A FEMINIST APPROACH, Research
Paper, Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, 2012.
The object of this research is the movie entitled Secretariat by Randal
Wallace. The major problem of this study is how the role of woman reflected in
movie Secretariat movie (2010) Directed by Randal Wallace. The research sets two
objectives: the first is to analyze the movie based on the structural elements of the
movie, and the second is to analyze the movie based on the Feminist Perspective.
This study belongs to qualitative study. In this method, the researcher uses
two data sources, namely primary and secondary data source. The primary data
source and the object of the study is the movie Secretariat itself, meanwhile
secondary data are reviews of the film which are collected from various sources and
other data which deal with the research, such as, from the journal, website and other
references that has connection with the research.
The outcome of the study is as follows: first, based on the structural analysis
of each elements, it shows that the character and characterization, plot, point of view,
setting of place and time, mise-en- scene, cinematography, editing, and the other
technical elements have the unity and successfully relate to one another then finally
are formulated into good quality of a movie. Second, based on the Feminist analysis,
the writer concludes that the role of woman is no less than men, even woman can be
better than men. Penny can run dual roles well in the issue of women’s position,
rights, role, and participation. The last, based on social background, there is close
relation between the production of this movie and the social reality underlying it,
such as social status and women condition. This movie tells the struggle of woman to
show her roles in the society.
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ....................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL..........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ....................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO ................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION ......................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ....................................................................................... vii
SUMMARY ..........................................................................................................
ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................
xi
CHAPTER
I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .................................................
1
B. Literature Review ............................................................
8
C. Problem Statement ...........................................................
8
D. Scope of the Study ...........................................................
8
E. Objective of the Study .....................................................
9
F. Benefit of the Study .........................................................
9
G. Research Method .............................................................
9
H. Paper Organization .......................................................... 11
CHAPTER
II UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Feminism ......................................................... 12
B. Major Principles of Feminism ......................................... 13
x
1. Women’s Position...................................................... 13
2. Women’s Role ........................................................... 14
3. Women’s Rights ........................................................ 15
4. Women’s Participation .............................................. 16
C. Structural Element of Movie ........................................... 16
1. Narrative Element .................................................... 17
a. Character and Characterization ......................... 17
b. Setting ............................................................... 17
c. Plot .................................................................... 18
d. Point of View .................................................... 19
e. Theme................................................................ 19
2. Technical Element .................................................... 19
a. Mise en scene .................................................... 19
1) Set dressing and Props ............................... 20
2) Costume and Make up................................ 20
3) Lighting ...................................................... 20
4) Figurative Expression and Movement ....... 21
b. Cinematography ................................................ 21
a) Photographical Qualities of Shot ............... 21
b) The Framing of Shot .................................. 22
c) The Duration of Shot.................................. 22
c. Sound ................................................................ 22
xi
d. Editing ............................................................... 22
D. Theoretical Application ................................................... 23
CHAPTER
III SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF THE AMERICA SOCIETY AT
THE EARLY OF 21ST CENTURY
A. Social Aspect .................................................................. 25
1. Upper Class................................................................ 25
2. Upper Middle Class .................................................. 26
3. Middle Class ............................................................. 27
4. Working Class .......................................................... 27
5. Lower Class ............................................................... 27
B. Economy Aspect .............................................................. 28
C. Politic Aspect ................................................................... 30
D. Science and Technology Aspect ....................................... 31
E. Religion ............................................................................ 32
F. Women’s Condition in US ............................................... 35
G. The Life of Randal Wallace ............................................. 36
CHAPTER
IV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Structural Elements.......................................................... 40
1. Characters and Characterization .................................. 40
a. Major Character ..................................................... 40
b. Minor Character ..................................................... 45
2. Setting .......................................................................... 55
xii
a. Setting of time ....................................................... 55
b. Setting of places ..................................................... 56
3. Plot ............................................................................... 61
a. The beginning ........................................................ 61
b. The Middle ............................................................ 22
c. Resolution .............................................................. 62
4. Point of View ............................................................. 63
5. Theme ......................................................................... 55
B. Technical Element ........................................................... 55
1. Mise en scene.............................................................. 66
a) Set dressing and Props ......................................... 66
b) Costume and Make up ......................................... 69
c) Lighting ............................................................... 71
d) Figurative Expression and Movement ................. 72
2. Cinematography.......................................................... 73
a) Photographical Qualities of Shot ......................... 74
b) The Framing of Shot ............................................ 74
c) The Duration of Shot ........................................... 78
3. Sound .......................................................................... 78
4. Editing ........................................................................ 79
C. Discussion ........................................................................ 79
xiii
CHAPTER
V
FEMINIST ANALYSIS
A. Feminist Principles .......................................................... 82
1. Women’s Position....................................................... 82
2. Women’s Role ............................................................ 85
3. Women’s Rights ......................................................... 87
4. Women’s Participation ............................................... 89
B. Discussion ........................................................................ 90
CHAPTER
VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ....................................................................... 96
B. Suggestion ....................................................................... 97
BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDIX
xiv