Characteristic of Growth and Production of Oyster Mushrooms at Medium land Litter Media
BOOK
ISBN : 978-602-8915-93-9
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Tolerance Levels of Omamental Shrubs
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Hery Purnobasuki
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51.
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Puii Harsono and Dia'far Shiddieq
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52.
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;iilt"nt;;y
Regions of Redbreast Vlfasse (Cheilinus fasciatus)
Queenilrn B. Albutta
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53.
Distance and Pruning on Grovvth and Development of
515
Sengon (Atbizzia Falcataria L')
niiari Hidayat, B.W.Wiiayani and Sukendah
iilJ""rir ,-,i Fnysiotogicllhesponses of Maize Cultivarsto
Low Nutrient
SupPlY
ne'nifi Hayati, Asmawati and Munandar
55.
ij"iJ*int[ri of Efficiency in Extraction Anthocyanin of Teleng Flower
(Clitoria ternatea L)
Anggrahini
h;;; Endrasari,'Pudii Hastuti andonSriThe
Growth and Yield of Two
56.
dt o sn"ttot cultivars
nllirt"ni"
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54.
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Varieties Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L')
Siait SoePariono
57.
59.
to Moter Disease in Field
Arif Wibowo, and Endang Triwahyu P'
of East Java
Declining of Apple Production at Three Production centers
SuhariYono
on
chicken Manure Application to lmprove The Growth of Paddy Grown
Critical Land of Ex-Brick lndustry
Sundahri
Cnro"t"ri=ation of EGCG Compound Use'H NMR Spectrum on Camellia
Sinensis (1.) Callus
60.
61.
64.
Sutini, Titil< W, Sutiman B, and R. V-erpoorte
Lapindo Mudflow toward Biosafety of Fisheries Product at East
Coastal of Sidoarjo District
Tanan Purnomo
rne erect of The volume of Methyl Eugenol to Total catch Fruit Flies
h;;;iThe
594
Bactrocera (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Tiipto Haryono
of Growth and Production of Oyster Mushrooms at Medium
Land at Litter Media
Widiwuriani and Guniarti
Growth Pattern of Coffee Seeds on Various Water Potential Pressure
Yonny Koentioro and Makhziah
Diversity Technology Strawberry Cultivation in Different Regional Production
Centre
Zainuri l{anif and Emi BudiYati
Sub
Theme :
65
Effect of Foliar Fertilizer Use on The Growth and Production Of
Cabbage/ Caisim (Brassica juncea )
At. Gamat Pratomo and Luki Rosmahani
Adaptation and Production
Poeter Presentation
Chinese
XV
ISNAR c2Fs PRoCEEDING
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n"toirces Ctimate Change and Food Security'in Developing Countries
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Sub Theme
,SBN
:
Adaptation and Production
Oral Presentation
978-602-'891&93-9
CHARACTERISTIC OF GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF OYSTER
MUSHROOMS AT MEDIUM LAND LITTER MEDIA
Widiwuriani and Guniarti
Faculty of Agriculture' Universitv
of#Yff"t;lT"*asional
"Veteran' East Java
ABSTRACT
groMh
This study used quantitative identification by analysis data observation
parameter. The research was designed in Randomized completely Design Results
of the research showed there are significanty interaction between varieties and
percentage use of subtitution material. Growth media able to give good result are
and
media from substitution raw material 25otb of Litter Leucaena, tithonia, Straw
to support
litter of yard . Substitution raw material Leucaena and tithonia 500,6 able
period.
which
Media
beginning
growth Lnd muhromoyster production harvest at
25oh
IUimy to growth and production equal with control media are media trom
yard
treatment
S1P3,
until
of
suosiitution Litter Leucaena, tithonia, straw and litter
S2p3, S3p3 and S4P3 able recommendation as the solution if raw material sawdust
growth to show
as main media mushrom growth are limited. Characteristic mushrom
yard tend to
varieties pattem. Mushrom which growth on straw media and litter of
growth on
which
show characteristic growth same with control, but mushrom
Leucaena media and tithonia tend to show characteristic growth different with
control. period of mushrom growth on Leucaena media and tithonia are 50-75016
tend to short compared mushrom growth on subtitution media 2506, until get total
production value and BER also different. Total production value and BER nearest
ihe control get on subtitution media Litter Leucaena, tithonia, straw and litter of yard
250,6, than follow by substitution media from Litter Leucaena and tithonia 5006.
INTRODUCTION
Oyster mushrooms able to cropping into artificial media that is Log, is
artificial media which created by wood and catered by plastic and already
sterilization for place of groMh mushrom. Oyster mushrooms is agricultural product
have bussiness value for the farmer. Oyster mushrooms usually cropping an high
valley, but for fullfil raw material need to research about use of Litter as the
subtitution material for basic material media.
Research of Litter from Leucaena (Sl), Tithonia (S2), Dry straw (S3) dan Litter
of yard (S4), through compossed processing. Percentage use of Litter for media
growth mushrom regulated as follows '.75ot6,500,6 and 2506. Growth media (baglog)
origin from Litter, tithonia, Leucaena, Straw being and litter of yard through
compossed processing need to examination as media groMh Oyster mushrooms.
suln
c2Fs
PROCEEDING
5e5
NaturalResources Ctimate Change and Food Security in Developing Countries
Surabaya, lndonesia, June 27'28, 201 I
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Eub Theme
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J
:
:
Oral Presentation
Adaptation and Production
978-602-891*93-9
with baglog ability from
Growth media is growth media which ability equal
for growth mushroom
sawdust. Purpose the research is getting subtitution material
have constrain get raw
media from Litter. until get the salution for the farmer
uyster mushrooms on
material satdust and use the Litter to support agribusiness
(non sawdust) as
medium valley and heterogenisation substitution material
mushrooms'
favourable media for grovrrth and production of oyster
MATERIALS AND METHOD
The research excute at
Aptication the research on April until October 2010'
production at laboratorium'
Mojokerto, East Java, for grofih data analysis and
to use Random planning
Agriculture Faculty, UPN "Veteran' East Java. Planning
factorialwhich 12 treatment and three times replication
Factor I is subtitution bY 4 level.
Faclorllispracutationsubstitutionmaterialby3leVel.
As control use sawdust media as main material'
Leucaena, tithonia, Dry
Factor I (subtitution material sawdust) with 4 level, follows
Straw and Litter.
Factor
ll
(percentation subtitute material) with
3
level; 75oh, 5006 and
25o/o
subtitution material.
This research use methode Quantitative identification by analysis
of
examination' Farily
observation data parameter of grovrrth. Use random analysis by
polynomial regression to shor
different and Dunnot examination, and to analysis
jamur on heterogen nouth
the pattern characteristic of growth and production of
about identification
media. Observation parameter included growth characteristic
and growth analYsis :
1. Periodic misselium, appear misselium until perfected growth misselium
1000/6.
2.
3.
growth misselium until appear of fruit body (clearly incubation)
growth of form fruit body untul harvest
for observation characteristis of production included
:
1. amount of fruit bodY
2. diameter bodY while at harvest
3. weight of fruit bodY at harvest
4. totalof massa at harvest
5. BER (BiologY EfficiencY Ratio)
J99
ISNAR C2FS" PROCEEDING
iiiiiiiA"*irces Ctimate Chanp and Food Security in Developing Countries
Surabaya, I Nonesia, June 27-28, 2Al
1
Sub
Theme : Adaptatbn
'rSBA,
:
Oral Presentation
a'nd Production
978-602'891*93-9
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Table 1. Percentage Average of Misselium Growth at Variety Treatnrent and
Observation
Treatment
Percentage Average of Misselium Growth
Week ll
19,00
5,oo
20,00
5,00
19,50
5,50
20,33
5,67
21,OO
5,50
20,00
5,00
20,67
5,67
20,33
5,50
20,67
5,50
20,00
5,83
20,33
5,67
20,oo
5,83
Ns
Ns
= non significant
--STFf
52P1
S3P1
S4P.I
S1P2
s2P2
S3P2
S4P2
S1 P3
S2P3
S3P3
s4P3
HSD
Notes : ns
Table
Treatment
2.
lll
50,00
50,00
49,33
49,33
51,67
53,33
50,00
51,67
51,00
52,33
50,67
51,67
ns
Week
Week lV
Week
81,67
96,33
95,67
95,00
94,00
93,67
83,00
83,67
81,33
83,33
82,33
82,33
82,00
81,67
82,00
81,33
V
Week Vl
't00,00
100,00
100,00
95,00
93,67
93,67
94,67
94,00
93,67
93,67
82,OO
hs
Ns
'100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
NS
Time Average for Appear of Fruit Body at Variety Treatment and Variety
Harvest
Time Average for Appear of Fruit Body
Harvest
51Pl
4,33
s2P1
4,33
S3P1
6,67
54P1
0,67
stP2
5,00
s2P2
4,33
S3P2
7,OO
s4P2
6,00
S1P3
6,67
s2P3
6,00
S3P3
6,67
s4P3
6,67
1,55
Harvest
I
a
a
c
c
ab
a
c
bc
c
ab
c
c
ll
Harvest
4,00
4,00
6,33
6,67
4,00
4,00
8,67
6,67
lll
Harvest
lV
Harvest
V Harvest
4,00 a
4,33 ab
6,33 c
6,33 c
4,33 ab
4,33 ab
6,67 c
7,00 c
6,33 c
5,67 bc
5,67 bc
5,33 abc
A
A
B
B
A
A
B
B
6,67 B
8,00 B
8,00 B
6,00 B
6,00 b
6,00 b
4,00 a
5,00 ab
6,00 ab
6,33 b
4,33 a
4,33 a
4,67 ab
4,33 a
4,33 a
4,33 a
6,33 b
6,33 b
3,67 a
3,33 a
6,33 b
6,00 b
3,33 a
3,67 a
4,00 a
4,33 ab
3,67 a
3,67 a
6,67 b
6,33 b
2,33 a
2,67 a
8,00 b
6,33 b
2,67 a
2,33 e
2,67 a
2,67 a
3,00 a
2,33 a
1,55
1,10
1,55
1,77
2,30
Average
5,22
5,22
4,89
5,1
1
5,28
5,22
5,1
1
5,00
5,17
4,83
4,89
4,72
597
NaturalResources Climate Change and Faod Security in Developing Countries
Surabaya, ldonesia, June 27-28, 201 1
rsNAR CzFS RROCEEDING
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gIA'AOZ-A9,S93-g
Sub Theme
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Table 3' TimeAverageforGrowthofFruitBodyatHarvestatVarietyTreatment
and VarietY Harvest
Fruit Body (day)
Time Average for Growth of
Treatment
Harvest
S1P1
32P1
S3P1
S4P1
S1P2
S2P2
S3P2
S4P2
S1 P3
S2P3
S3P3
S4P3
HSD
1,67
Harvest ll
I
ab
e
1,33
2,67 ab
3,33 ab
'1,67 ab
't,33 a
3,33 ab
3,00 ab
3,00 ab
3,67 b
1,67 ab
2,00 ab
Harvest lll
Hirvest lV
a
3,67
c
e
3,33
be
2,3
2,33 a
2,67 a
4,00 a
4,00 a
2,33 a
2,33 a
4,33 a
4,00 a
3,67 a
3,33 a
2,67 a
2,67 e
2,s
?
4,0
n
4,0
n
2,6
'7
2,6
'7
4,3
t
a
a
a
a
4,00
a
3,6
-,
3,3
a
?
2,6
-,
2,6
'f
2,2
2,25
2,25
a
a
A
A
1,67 a
2,00 ab
3,33 be
4,00 c
1,67 a
2,00 a
1,33 a
2,00 a
;t'
u
1,33 a
1,33 a
'' 1.63
2,67
3,00
V
Harvest Vl
abc
4,87
b!
1,00
a
1,33
ab
3,33
3,33
c
,33
ab
1,33
ab
1,67
abc
1
1,00
a
1,33
ab
1,00
a
Average
5,00 c
2,00 a
2,33 a
4,67 be
5,0Q c
2,33 a
?,33 a
2,67 ab
2,67 ab
2,67 {b
2,67 ab
1,84
Treatment
33El 3?:33
S4P1 65,67
s1p2 88,33
s2p2 e0,33
2,83
3,00
3,1
reatrndt anaTEietY Harvest
1
2,89
2,78
2,67
2,67
2,06
2,06
2,08
Average
74'',"
86'33 ab 83'00 ?iii;
E3:EY X i"2i P :::ll :
T
74'33
89'19
ab
ai'is ' az'ii
a ea'ss 'b 19'9? A
99',13 $4'56
85'11
bc se,gg 91,99 a ia',ii o 1s'oo "
u
S3P2 71,00. a
s4P2 66,67 a ;o:'; ;t
bc
ab
; il:ii ; ?o'00
io'si 'u 88:6i b
zo'oo A zo'ig "u a6'oo ab
ab
aa,gs
91,91
zo,gg au 7-?'9o^;b
b 83',33
az'ot ab
es'oz
8^?'91 ;
"o
ab
qi',is
o
a 9?'11 c ei'oz
;b
d:ii
81'91 i" s+'oo 'u
88,33 b
88,33
S2P3 85,00 ab gg,oz ao
s3p3 e0,33 bc 87,67
s4P3 e0,00 b; aa,oo 'o
b
s1p3
2,56
2,25
Table4.WeightofFruitBodyAverageatVarietyTreatmentandVarietyHarvest
@r,Y:n"tY
2,89
2,94
b.
q1,99
Bc
88',33
q9'99
89'?3
8s'33
s1',q
?2'?!
9?'19
81'67
7s's4
74'78
85'06
83'39
85'44
83'e4
of aid percentage
any realinteraction between kind
show
to
research
of
Result
about 5go5 "150h
material Leucanea and tithonia
subtitution
materiat.
subtitution
(period harvest 1-23)
at beginning period harvest
give growth and good production
and Litter
harvest 4-6)' treatment Litter straw
(period
period
harvest
and for further
ofyardgivethegoodresultatT506,50016and2Soh.Thematterabovecan
598
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Sub
Oral Preeentation
Thame : Adaptation
,SBN
:
and Production
978-6A2-89re93-9
explainated that Leucanea and tithonia easy to leave nutrient until nutrient ready at
beginning growth compared other media, such Straw and litter of yard.
Content nutrient enough capacity able to accelerate of grouith and harvest
mode body fruit. ,;urtherware can explainated.by Widiwurjani and Guniarti (2010)
that content C/N Ratio by central media have high value compared substitute
media. High value C/N ratio show that material still raw and not yet decomposition
untul not yet ready as supplier nutrient
Subtitute media that fertilized have C/N low value until medium. Low value will
be effect the nutrition became decrease, due to good ration value C/N around
medium such 10-20, until the media ready to supply of food but not to fast and ready
at misselium not yet to need and when misselium need to growth, the condition tend
to empty.
Result of reseach any organic manure Litter media when compared the
controlto give recommination result due to have ability which not real different with
growth and production of mushrom growth at media control. Result of growth
observation and production of mushrom at variety of period harvest already
tabulated as the below table : input checklist table..
Table 5. Recapitulation Growth Ability and Each Treatment Production Compared
Control (wood Particle)
Treatment
Miselium
Pupil
body
fruit
S1P1
V
52P1
V
s3Pl
V
S4P1
V
51P2
V
V
s2P2
S3P2
s4P2
51P3
52P3
S3P3
S4P3
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
Growth
body fruit
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
Amount
of fruit
body
X
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
V
V
Diameter
body
while at
harvest
X
X
X
X
Total of
X
V
x
x
V
X
V
X
X
X
X
X
V
V
V
massa
at
harvest
V
V
X
X
X
Total
production
at 6 times
harvest
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
V
The table shows that the treatment recomendated to mushrom growth media
by same ability with control media are orign media from Leucanea Litter, tithonia,
599
za.\ ISNAR C2FS PROCEEDING
in
Countries
Developing
and
Food
Security
Change
Ctimate
NaturatResources
G;
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WP-/ Surabaya, lndonesia, June 27-28,2A11
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Oral Pr*entation
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subtitution
'"htilrttioll around
2506' Use raw
around
yard
of
with wood media'
Straw and Litter
mushroom same
production
and
growth
support the
"::""
fo u r m ed a
I
r hi s activitv d u e to
-"f
i
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;; ;
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***
I"tt"J":}:}
{:':::,':,",
f il'Tl J:'11- : :Tt
created from organic
growth 1media ;:il,lli'"
the :H"
"H'
same
substitution 'ntuf
woood' This activity
examination "t '*
the
from
bagrog
as
have function
result
have evidance that
manure Litter materiar
tzoogl already
Guni",ti
and
w,oi*u,i"ni
from Litter
by the research
in four organic manure
nutrition
of
about content
bboratorium analysis
o',
Leucanea'titnonia,strawandlitterofyard.ThisissamewithWahyudi,Husenand
will
after decomposition
Santoso(2002),thenutritionwhichneeotorgrowthmisseliumanddevelopbody
and protein \l/hich
serurose, hemiselurose
fruit such regnin,
;;r:,;,:,-::H;:::"ffi"1,0
* each
are dirrerent
AnY
_treatment
up to perfec{
average of misserium
tithonia,
from
such media
of
growth as body fruit
equalization by contror,
and
inoculation
at 5_6 weeks after
generarfi growth ofoyster
growth (90 _ 100%)
rn
inocuration.
at 6-g Weeks after
activity due to
mushroom average
this research' This
from
result
than
more fast
At micro season
mushroom at highrand
and temperature'
humidity
about
different, speciary
of micro season
'
zo-2s"candhumidityg0.g50,6andabledifferencebystabilwillbegetperfecl
misseliumgrowthat3-4weeksandbodyt*':'*'":'forharvestal6-Tweeks
to examinated as subtitution
Litter materiarabre
By the way that
white oyster
(Anonymous 2005).
(bag rog) for support
media
pran
product whiteoyster
verieties of basic
serbuk gergaji to
of sawdust and get
defend
not
for
rand
agribussiness at medium
plan media'
oyster mushrooms
materialfor product
of growth equal
Patternofgrowthcharac,teristicandmushroomproductionatanymediahave
show pattern characteristic
to
which
Treatment
material
any varietie, o*,n.
have meaning that
media
control
at
of mushrom growth
with characreristic
fromsubstitutionhavesameconditionandcharac{eristicwithcontrolmedia,until
of yard have
abletogivepatternofgrowthandproductionbecamesame.lngenerallythatfour
Litter Straw and litter
from
media
examinated,
media
Litter meddia which
of mushroom at control
growth and production
pattern of
same pattern with
on growth Period'
600
re)
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:
Sub Theme
,sBA/
Table
6.
:
Oral Presentation
Adaptation and Productian
978-ffi2-891*93.9
Total Avegare Harvest, Total Production, Biology Efficiency Ratio (BER)
at Different Treatment
Treatment
KONTROL
S1P1
s2P1
s3P1
S4P1
S1 P2
s2P2
S3P2
S4P2
S 1P3
52P3
S3P3
S4P3
Harvest (day )
Production (gr)
69,40
49,72
49,67
49,06
49,61
59,96
61,51
72,13
72,44
69,44
69,64
72,52
72,68
842,67
513,00
500,33
447,33
446,OO
547,33
580,99
523,12
516,22
755,43
761,77
841,99
838,35
i
BER
log
10,86
10,32
14,07
9,12
8,99
9,13
9,45
7,25
7,13
10,88
10,94
,
11,61
1
1,53
Media from Litter Leucanea and tithonia tend to show pattern of growth and
production be opposite. This activity due to Litter Leucanea and Litter tithonia have
sofl texture, furthermore easy to degradation and to give unsur hara which need by
mushrom misselium. This condition due to pattem of groMh and mushrom
production at Leucanea and tithonia media more better at beginning period and
decrease at west period.
CONCLUSION
Basically the research, four Litter material which examinated as substitution
media forwhite mushrooms groMh at medium land have result as follow
1.
:
Any real interaction betWeen variety and percentage usage substitutin material.
Growth media give good result are media from substitution material 250,6 from
Litter Leucanea, tithonia, Straw and litter of yard. Material subtitution Leucanea
and tithonia
500,5
able to support growth and production of mushroom at
beginning harvest.
2.
Media which have able to growth and production equal with control media are
media lrom 250,6 material subtitution Litter Leucanea, tithonia, Straw and Litter
of yard until treatment of 51P3, S2P3, S3P3 and S4P3 recomendated as the
solution. lf any raw material timber constraint as main material for mushrom
gro$/th.
601
NaturalResources Climate Change and Food Security in Developing Countries
Surabaya, lndonesia, June 27-28, 201 I
ISNAR C2FS PROCEEDING
-4.--
Sub Theme
,SBN
3.
:
:
Oral Presentation
AdaPtation and Prodttction
978-602-891*93'9
growth to show varieties pattern' Mushrom
characteristic pattern of mushrom
growthatStrawandLitterofyardmediatendtoshowpatternofgrowthsame
that growth at Leucanea and tithonia media
with control media, but mushrom
tendtoshowpatternofgrowthdifferentwith.controlmedia'
4. mushromgrowthperiodwhichgrowthatLeucaneamediaandtithoniaaround
growth which growth at substitution media
50-7so/6 tend to short than mushrom
and BER are different' Total produc{ion
2506 until get total produclion value
valueandBERnearestcontrolgetatsubtitutionmediaLitterLeucanea,tithonia,
straw and Litter of yardas
and tithonia as 50%.
250,6
than follow by subtitution media Litter Leucanea
REFERENCES
Adivuwono.2oo2,Pengomposanmediachampignon.Trubus3EsXXXlll:48
ru'etimuung' Majalah Trubus, 429:
Amni, L, 2005. iiri' bantung Froouiii
104 -105
Pertumbuhan
Anonymous.
""-"iiiprUrma. 2OO5'
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oerkembangan
dan
jamur
tiram'
10O/materi/Cendawan.html'
Pu."c'io
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Guniarti dan \Mdiwurjani. 2007. Kajian
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dan Lama
produksi Jamur Tiram. Laporan'iln"fit"n yang Didanai UPN dan Belum
diPublikasikan.
2003' Teknologi Bioproses
-Tambah
Henky lsnawan, N"tly wdyastuti, Donowati'
Peningkatan
untuk
pembibitan dan Produksi Jamur
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pertanian, p;idida"rinrr Teknotogi untuk Negeri vol ll ( 123-126).
P;dftan
fit"*
Menjadikan
9".nq.q!-ara
Lili Muskhat, 2005. Pengelolaan 9?mp?|
(
84 ).
772 No 1 Juli 2005
Kompos'
Jurnat xesenlian Liigrrng"n Vot
Pengomposan dan
Moerdiati, \Mdaryanto, dan Budi. 2003. Pengaruh .Lama
Hasil Jamur Tiram'
dan
pemotongan p".irtg Jerami terhadap Peiumbuhan
Habitat votXl V No 3 :162-167 '
dan Produksi Jamur Tiram
Parlindungan AK' 2004. Karakteristik Pertumbuhan Alang-Alang Jurnal Natur
PutiE dan Jamur Tiram Kelabu pada Baglog
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dan Air Penerbit Andi Yogyakarta
Suripin, 2004. Pelestarian Sumber Daya Tanah
209 hal
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NaturatResources c;;;te ch;nge
and
Surabaya, lndonesia, June 27-28, 2011
Food security in Developing countries
Sttb Theme
,s8N
: Adaptatian
:
Oral Presentation
and Production
978-602-891*93-9
Suriawiria, U.,2002. Budidaya Jamur Tiram, Penerbit Kanisius, Yogjakarta,S6 hal,
Sri
Sumarsih, 2007. Budidaya Jamur Tiram dengan Berbagai Media,
httpl/SumarsihoT.
Files
Wordpress.Coml2OOSll 1/brosur-penanaman
jamurZ.Pdf.
Sumanni, 2006. Botani & Tinjauan Gizi Jamur Tiram Putih Jurnal lnovasi Pertanian
Vol4, No 2, 2006 ( 124'130)
Ruskandi. 2006. Teknik Pembuatan Kompos Limbah Kebun Pertanaman Kelapa
Folikultur. Buletin Teknik Pertanian
http/www. pustakareptan.go.id/pulication/bt1
11
Vol 11 No 1
:
068. pdf
Rachman Sutanto. 20A2. Pertanian Organik Menuju Pertanian Alternatif dan
Berkelanjutan. Kansius, Jogyakarta.
Husen dan Santoso. 2002. Pengaruh.Macam Serbuk GergajiTerhadap
Wahyudi,
'produksi
dan Kandungan Nutrisi Tiga jenis Jamur Kayu. Jurnal Tropika vol
10. no 1 :79-86
Wdiwurjanidari Guniarti. 2010. Four Kids Of Materials Litter Potentials As
Substitution Material For Media Grows Of Wtite Oyster Mushroom
(pleurotus ostreatus). Proceeding lntemational Seminar On Horticulture to
Support Food Security 2010. Bandar Lampung, lndonesia.
\Mdiwurjani dan lda Retno. 2007. Pengaruh Penambahan Nutrisi dan Lubang
Tdmbuh terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jamur Tiram. Penelitian
mandiri yang belum dipublikasikan.
Wgati lstuti dan Siti Nurbana, 2006. Budidaya Jamur Tiram lnfo Teknologi
Pertanian No 88 tahun 2006 ( 2-6)
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Security in Developing Countries
ISBN : 978-602-8915-93-9
1
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Inlcrnalionnl hrninar on
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Proceeding
: 97B-602-8975-93-9
472
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489
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-
516
- 526
527
- 535
536
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544
545
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566
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579
- 589
590
-
62. inLracteriitic
595
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63.
6A4
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614
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627
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to Urban Air Pollution in Surabaya
Tolerance Levels of Omamental Shrubs
lndex
Tolerance
{APTI)
citu Ar"*O on Air Pollution
::
50
nigrahani, Endang Tri Wahvt, Sugiianto and
Hery Purnobasuki
r^,
- -r h-r n^^^^- (Capsicum
nJolcation of Organic Mulches on Cultivation of Red Pepper
51.
"hnurm,
Puii Harsono and Dia'far Shiddieq
hiiritrtir" ,na Qr"ritit"tive Analysis oJ Scale Shape Variation.Between
52.
ilfl;;;;;iFtanting
F:iLiiia
:J
:
L.; in different seasons
;iilt"nt;;y
Regions of Redbreast Vlfasse (Cheilinus fasciatus)
Queenilrn B. Albutta
'j
..{
53.
Distance and Pruning on Grovvth and Development of
515
Sengon (Atbizzia Falcataria L')
niiari Hidayat, B.W.Wiiayani and Sukendah
iilJ""rir ,-,i Fnysiotogicllhesponses of Maize Cultivarsto
Low Nutrient
SupPlY
ne'nifi Hayati, Asmawati and Munandar
55.
ij"iJ*int[ri of Efficiency in Extraction Anthocyanin of Teleng Flower
(Clitoria ternatea L)
Anggrahini
h;;; Endrasari,'Pudii Hastuti andonSriThe
Growth and Yield of Two
56.
dt o sn"ttot cultivars
nllirt"ni"
'siiWiatiningsih,
54.
ii"t"
rnO Time Nitrogen Application
Varieties Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L')
Siait SoePariono
57.
59.
to Moter Disease in Field
Arif Wibowo, and Endang Triwahyu P'
of East Java
Declining of Apple Production at Three Production centers
SuhariYono
on
chicken Manure Application to lmprove The Growth of Paddy Grown
Critical Land of Ex-Brick lndustry
Sundahri
Cnro"t"ri=ation of EGCG Compound Use'H NMR Spectrum on Camellia
Sinensis (1.) Callus
60.
61.
64.
Sutini, Titil< W, Sutiman B, and R. V-erpoorte
Lapindo Mudflow toward Biosafety of Fisheries Product at East
Coastal of Sidoarjo District
Tanan Purnomo
rne erect of The volume of Methyl Eugenol to Total catch Fruit Flies
h;;;iThe
594
Bactrocera (Diptera: Tephritidae)
Tiipto Haryono
of Growth and Production of Oyster Mushrooms at Medium
Land at Litter Media
Widiwuriani and Guniarti
Growth Pattern of Coffee Seeds on Various Water Potential Pressure
Yonny Koentioro and Makhziah
Diversity Technology Strawberry Cultivation in Different Regional Production
Centre
Zainuri l{anif and Emi BudiYati
Sub
Theme :
65
Effect of Foliar Fertilizer Use on The Growth and Production Of
Cabbage/ Caisim (Brassica juncea )
At. Gamat Pratomo and Luki Rosmahani
Adaptation and Production
Poeter Presentation
Chinese
XV
ISNAR c2Fs PRoCEEDING
,-.\ 'iiiiiii
n"toirces Ctimate Change and Food Security'in Developing Countries
4"-
ii
))
:
Sub Theme
,SBN
:
Adaptation and Production
Oral Presentation
978-602-'891&93-9
CHARACTERISTIC OF GROWTH AND PRODUCTION OF OYSTER
MUSHROOMS AT MEDIUM LAND LITTER MEDIA
Widiwuriani and Guniarti
Faculty of Agriculture' Universitv
of#Yff"t;lT"*asional
"Veteran' East Java
ABSTRACT
groMh
This study used quantitative identification by analysis data observation
parameter. The research was designed in Randomized completely Design Results
of the research showed there are significanty interaction between varieties and
percentage use of subtitution material. Growth media able to give good result are
and
media from substitution raw material 25otb of Litter Leucaena, tithonia, Straw
to support
litter of yard . Substitution raw material Leucaena and tithonia 500,6 able
period.
which
Media
beginning
growth Lnd muhromoyster production harvest at
25oh
IUimy to growth and production equal with control media are media trom
yard
treatment
S1P3,
until
of
suosiitution Litter Leucaena, tithonia, straw and litter
S2p3, S3p3 and S4P3 able recommendation as the solution if raw material sawdust
growth to show
as main media mushrom growth are limited. Characteristic mushrom
yard tend to
varieties pattem. Mushrom which growth on straw media and litter of
growth on
which
show characteristic growth same with control, but mushrom
Leucaena media and tithonia tend to show characteristic growth different with
control. period of mushrom growth on Leucaena media and tithonia are 50-75016
tend to short compared mushrom growth on subtitution media 2506, until get total
production value and BER also different. Total production value and BER nearest
ihe control get on subtitution media Litter Leucaena, tithonia, straw and litter of yard
250,6, than follow by substitution media from Litter Leucaena and tithonia 5006.
INTRODUCTION
Oyster mushrooms able to cropping into artificial media that is Log, is
artificial media which created by wood and catered by plastic and already
sterilization for place of groMh mushrom. Oyster mushrooms is agricultural product
have bussiness value for the farmer. Oyster mushrooms usually cropping an high
valley, but for fullfil raw material need to research about use of Litter as the
subtitution material for basic material media.
Research of Litter from Leucaena (Sl), Tithonia (S2), Dry straw (S3) dan Litter
of yard (S4), through compossed processing. Percentage use of Litter for media
growth mushrom regulated as follows '.75ot6,500,6 and 2506. Growth media (baglog)
origin from Litter, tithonia, Leucaena, Straw being and litter of yard through
compossed processing need to examination as media groMh Oyster mushrooms.
suln
c2Fs
PROCEEDING
5e5
NaturalResources Ctimate Change and Food Security in Developing Countries
Surabaya, lndonesia, June 27'28, 201 I
1--
Eub Theme
,s8
J
:
:
Oral Presentation
Adaptation and Production
978-602-891*93-9
with baglog ability from
Growth media is growth media which ability equal
for growth mushroom
sawdust. Purpose the research is getting subtitution material
have constrain get raw
media from Litter. until get the salution for the farmer
uyster mushrooms on
material satdust and use the Litter to support agribusiness
(non sawdust) as
medium valley and heterogenisation substitution material
mushrooms'
favourable media for grovrrth and production of oyster
MATERIALS AND METHOD
The research excute at
Aptication the research on April until October 2010'
production at laboratorium'
Mojokerto, East Java, for grofih data analysis and
to use Random planning
Agriculture Faculty, UPN "Veteran' East Java. Planning
factorialwhich 12 treatment and three times replication
Factor I is subtitution bY 4 level.
Faclorllispracutationsubstitutionmaterialby3leVel.
As control use sawdust media as main material'
Leucaena, tithonia, Dry
Factor I (subtitution material sawdust) with 4 level, follows
Straw and Litter.
Factor
ll
(percentation subtitute material) with
3
level; 75oh, 5006 and
25o/o
subtitution material.
This research use methode Quantitative identification by analysis
of
examination' Farily
observation data parameter of grovrrth. Use random analysis by
polynomial regression to shor
different and Dunnot examination, and to analysis
jamur on heterogen nouth
the pattern characteristic of growth and production of
about identification
media. Observation parameter included growth characteristic
and growth analYsis :
1. Periodic misselium, appear misselium until perfected growth misselium
1000/6.
2.
3.
growth misselium until appear of fruit body (clearly incubation)
growth of form fruit body untul harvest
for observation characteristis of production included
:
1. amount of fruit bodY
2. diameter bodY while at harvest
3. weight of fruit bodY at harvest
4. totalof massa at harvest
5. BER (BiologY EfficiencY Ratio)
J99
ISNAR C2FS" PROCEEDING
iiiiiiiA"*irces Ctimate Chanp and Food Security in Developing Countries
Surabaya, I Nonesia, June 27-28, 2Al
1
Sub
Theme : Adaptatbn
'rSBA,
:
Oral Presentation
a'nd Production
978-602'891*93-9
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Table 1. Percentage Average of Misselium Growth at Variety Treatnrent and
Observation
Treatment
Percentage Average of Misselium Growth
Week ll
19,00
5,oo
20,00
5,00
19,50
5,50
20,33
5,67
21,OO
5,50
20,00
5,00
20,67
5,67
20,33
5,50
20,67
5,50
20,00
5,83
20,33
5,67
20,oo
5,83
Ns
Ns
= non significant
--STFf
52P1
S3P1
S4P.I
S1P2
s2P2
S3P2
S4P2
S1 P3
S2P3
S3P3
s4P3
HSD
Notes : ns
Table
Treatment
2.
lll
50,00
50,00
49,33
49,33
51,67
53,33
50,00
51,67
51,00
52,33
50,67
51,67
ns
Week
Week lV
Week
81,67
96,33
95,67
95,00
94,00
93,67
83,00
83,67
81,33
83,33
82,33
82,33
82,00
81,67
82,00
81,33
V
Week Vl
't00,00
100,00
100,00
95,00
93,67
93,67
94,67
94,00
93,67
93,67
82,OO
hs
Ns
'100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
100,00
NS
Time Average for Appear of Fruit Body at Variety Treatment and Variety
Harvest
Time Average for Appear of Fruit Body
Harvest
51Pl
4,33
s2P1
4,33
S3P1
6,67
54P1
0,67
stP2
5,00
s2P2
4,33
S3P2
7,OO
s4P2
6,00
S1P3
6,67
s2P3
6,00
S3P3
6,67
s4P3
6,67
1,55
Harvest
I
a
a
c
c
ab
a
c
bc
c
ab
c
c
ll
Harvest
4,00
4,00
6,33
6,67
4,00
4,00
8,67
6,67
lll
Harvest
lV
Harvest
V Harvest
4,00 a
4,33 ab
6,33 c
6,33 c
4,33 ab
4,33 ab
6,67 c
7,00 c
6,33 c
5,67 bc
5,67 bc
5,33 abc
A
A
B
B
A
A
B
B
6,67 B
8,00 B
8,00 B
6,00 B
6,00 b
6,00 b
4,00 a
5,00 ab
6,00 ab
6,33 b
4,33 a
4,33 a
4,67 ab
4,33 a
4,33 a
4,33 a
6,33 b
6,33 b
3,67 a
3,33 a
6,33 b
6,00 b
3,33 a
3,67 a
4,00 a
4,33 ab
3,67 a
3,67 a
6,67 b
6,33 b
2,33 a
2,67 a
8,00 b
6,33 b
2,67 a
2,33 e
2,67 a
2,67 a
3,00 a
2,33 a
1,55
1,10
1,55
1,77
2,30
Average
5,22
5,22
4,89
5,1
1
5,28
5,22
5,1
1
5,00
5,17
4,83
4,89
4,72
597
NaturalResources Climate Change and Faod Security in Developing Countries
Surabaya, ldonesia, June 27-28, 201 1
rsNAR CzFS RROCEEDING
'ff.
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':: Adaotation and Prduction
gIA'AOZ-A9,S93-g
Sub Theme
,s8N
Table 3' TimeAverageforGrowthofFruitBodyatHarvestatVarietyTreatment
and VarietY Harvest
Fruit Body (day)
Time Average for Growth of
Treatment
Harvest
S1P1
32P1
S3P1
S4P1
S1P2
S2P2
S3P2
S4P2
S1 P3
S2P3
S3P3
S4P3
HSD
1,67
Harvest ll
I
ab
e
1,33
2,67 ab
3,33 ab
'1,67 ab
't,33 a
3,33 ab
3,00 ab
3,00 ab
3,67 b
1,67 ab
2,00 ab
Harvest lll
Hirvest lV
a
3,67
c
e
3,33
be
2,3
2,33 a
2,67 a
4,00 a
4,00 a
2,33 a
2,33 a
4,33 a
4,00 a
3,67 a
3,33 a
2,67 a
2,67 e
2,s
?
4,0
n
4,0
n
2,6
'7
2,6
'7
4,3
t
a
a
a
a
4,00
a
3,6
-,
3,3
a
?
2,6
-,
2,6
'f
2,2
2,25
2,25
a
a
A
A
1,67 a
2,00 ab
3,33 be
4,00 c
1,67 a
2,00 a
1,33 a
2,00 a
;t'
u
1,33 a
1,33 a
'' 1.63
2,67
3,00
V
Harvest Vl
abc
4,87
b!
1,00
a
1,33
ab
3,33
3,33
c
,33
ab
1,33
ab
1,67
abc
1
1,00
a
1,33
ab
1,00
a
Average
5,00 c
2,00 a
2,33 a
4,67 be
5,0Q c
2,33 a
?,33 a
2,67 ab
2,67 ab
2,67 {b
2,67 ab
1,84
Treatment
33El 3?:33
S4P1 65,67
s1p2 88,33
s2p2 e0,33
2,83
3,00
3,1
reatrndt anaTEietY Harvest
1
2,89
2,78
2,67
2,67
2,06
2,06
2,08
Average
74'',"
86'33 ab 83'00 ?iii;
E3:EY X i"2i P :::ll :
T
74'33
89'19
ab
ai'is ' az'ii
a ea'ss 'b 19'9? A
99',13 $4'56
85'11
bc se,gg 91,99 a ia',ii o 1s'oo "
u
S3P2 71,00. a
s4P2 66,67 a ;o:'; ;t
bc
ab
; il:ii ; ?o'00
io'si 'u 88:6i b
zo'oo A zo'ig "u a6'oo ab
ab
aa,gs
91,91
zo,gg au 7-?'9o^;b
b 83',33
az'ot ab
es'oz
8^?'91 ;
"o
ab
qi',is
o
a 9?'11 c ei'oz
;b
d:ii
81'91 i" s+'oo 'u
88,33 b
88,33
S2P3 85,00 ab gg,oz ao
s3p3 e0,33 bc 87,67
s4P3 e0,00 b; aa,oo 'o
b
s1p3
2,56
2,25
Table4.WeightofFruitBodyAverageatVarietyTreatmentandVarietyHarvest
@r,Y:n"tY
2,89
2,94
b.
q1,99
Bc
88',33
q9'99
89'?3
8s'33
s1',q
?2'?!
9?'19
81'67
7s's4
74'78
85'06
83'39
85'44
83'e4
of aid percentage
any realinteraction between kind
show
to
research
of
Result
about 5go5 "150h
material Leucanea and tithonia
subtitution
materiat.
subtitution
(period harvest 1-23)
at beginning period harvest
give growth and good production
and Litter
harvest 4-6)' treatment Litter straw
(period
period
harvest
and for further
ofyardgivethegoodresultatT506,50016and2Soh.Thematterabovecan
598
ntries
u
cna,rittt
in
tlavctat
lsNA'R czFS PROCEEDING .-F ood
p
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atur atResources
i!:":n211
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1
GA"nesta, r u ne 27 -28' 2o 1
i
;;;;;;;;:
L-
g'ii:;
Sub
Oral Preeentation
Thame : Adaptation
,SBN
:
and Production
978-6A2-89re93-9
explainated that Leucanea and tithonia easy to leave nutrient until nutrient ready at
beginning growth compared other media, such Straw and litter of yard.
Content nutrient enough capacity able to accelerate of grouith and harvest
mode body fruit. ,;urtherware can explainated.by Widiwurjani and Guniarti (2010)
that content C/N Ratio by central media have high value compared substitute
media. High value C/N ratio show that material still raw and not yet decomposition
untul not yet ready as supplier nutrient
Subtitute media that fertilized have C/N low value until medium. Low value will
be effect the nutrition became decrease, due to good ration value C/N around
medium such 10-20, until the media ready to supply of food but not to fast and ready
at misselium not yet to need and when misselium need to growth, the condition tend
to empty.
Result of reseach any organic manure Litter media when compared the
controlto give recommination result due to have ability which not real different with
growth and production of mushrom growth at media control. Result of growth
observation and production of mushrom at variety of period harvest already
tabulated as the below table : input checklist table..
Table 5. Recapitulation Growth Ability and Each Treatment Production Compared
Control (wood Particle)
Treatment
Miselium
Pupil
body
fruit
S1P1
V
52P1
V
s3Pl
V
S4P1
V
51P2
V
V
s2P2
S3P2
s4P2
51P3
52P3
S3P3
S4P3
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
Growth
body fruit
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
V
Amount
of fruit
body
X
x
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
V
V
Diameter
body
while at
harvest
X
X
X
X
Total of
X
V
x
x
V
X
V
X
X
X
X
X
V
V
V
massa
at
harvest
V
V
X
X
X
Total
production
at 6 times
harvest
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
V
The table shows that the treatment recomendated to mushrom growth media
by same ability with control media are orign media from Leucanea Litter, tithonia,
599
za.\ ISNAR C2FS PROCEEDING
in
Countries
Developing
and
Food
Security
Change
Ctimate
NaturatResources
G;
I
il.
WP-/ Surabaya, lndonesia, June 27-28,2A11
'*+--
li.ffi
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Oral Pr*entation
sub
,SBN
rheme
' ryIt:::3o,!-trf0"'on
'Visoz'ael5-e3-e
25o75
subtitution
'"htilrttioll around
2506' Use raw
around
yard
of
with wood media'
Straw and Litter
mushroom same
production
and
growth
support the
"::""
fo u r m ed a
I
r hi s activitv d u e to
-"f
i
J'":?'l'I,:
".
;; ;
posibble for
***
I"tt"J":}:}
{:':::,':,",
f il'Tl J:'11- : :Tt
created from organic
growth 1media ;:il,lli'"
the :H"
"H'
same
substitution 'ntuf
woood' This activity
examination "t '*
the
from
bagrog
as
have function
result
have evidance that
manure Litter materiar
tzoogl already
Guni",ti
and
w,oi*u,i"ni
from Litter
by the research
in four organic manure
nutrition
of
about content
bboratorium analysis
o',
Leucanea'titnonia,strawandlitterofyard.ThisissamewithWahyudi,Husenand
will
after decomposition
Santoso(2002),thenutritionwhichneeotorgrowthmisseliumanddevelopbody
and protein \l/hich
serurose, hemiselurose
fruit such regnin,
;;r:,;,:,-::H;:::"ffi"1,0
* each
are dirrerent
AnY
_treatment
up to perfec{
average of misserium
tithonia,
from
such media
of
growth as body fruit
equalization by contror,
and
inoculation
at 5_6 weeks after
generarfi growth ofoyster
growth (90 _ 100%)
rn
inocuration.
at 6-g Weeks after
activity due to
mushroom average
this research' This
from
result
than
more fast
At micro season
mushroom at highrand
and temperature'
humidity
about
different, speciary
of micro season
'
zo-2s"candhumidityg0.g50,6andabledifferencebystabilwillbegetperfecl
misseliumgrowthat3-4weeksandbodyt*':'*'":'forharvestal6-Tweeks
to examinated as subtitution
Litter materiarabre
By the way that
white oyster
(Anonymous 2005).
(bag rog) for support
media
pran
product whiteoyster
verieties of basic
serbuk gergaji to
of sawdust and get
defend
not
for
rand
agribussiness at medium
plan media'
oyster mushrooms
materialfor product
of growth equal
Patternofgrowthcharac,teristicandmushroomproductionatanymediahave
show pattern characteristic
to
which
Treatment
material
any varietie, o*,n.
have meaning that
media
control
at
of mushrom growth
with characreristic
fromsubstitutionhavesameconditionandcharac{eristicwithcontrolmedia,until
of yard have
abletogivepatternofgrowthandproductionbecamesame.lngenerallythatfour
Litter Straw and litter
from
media
examinated,
media
Litter meddia which
of mushroom at control
growth and production
pattern of
same pattern with
on growth Period'
600
re)
\S'arz
rsu-m-gzrs+l.o;;5;B[3r*
urces t'''
Reso
SurabaYa, lndonesra'
N at ur al
i i ;", iili,
and Food security
ZO t t
in
Devetopins countries
:
Sub Theme
,sBA/
Table
6.
:
Oral Presentation
Adaptation and Productian
978-ffi2-891*93.9
Total Avegare Harvest, Total Production, Biology Efficiency Ratio (BER)
at Different Treatment
Treatment
KONTROL
S1P1
s2P1
s3P1
S4P1
S1 P2
s2P2
S3P2
S4P2
S 1P3
52P3
S3P3
S4P3
Harvest (day )
Production (gr)
69,40
49,72
49,67
49,06
49,61
59,96
61,51
72,13
72,44
69,44
69,64
72,52
72,68
842,67
513,00
500,33
447,33
446,OO
547,33
580,99
523,12
516,22
755,43
761,77
841,99
838,35
i
BER
log
10,86
10,32
14,07
9,12
8,99
9,13
9,45
7,25
7,13
10,88
10,94
,
11,61
1
1,53
Media from Litter Leucanea and tithonia tend to show pattern of growth and
production be opposite. This activity due to Litter Leucanea and Litter tithonia have
sofl texture, furthermore easy to degradation and to give unsur hara which need by
mushrom misselium. This condition due to pattem of groMh and mushrom
production at Leucanea and tithonia media more better at beginning period and
decrease at west period.
CONCLUSION
Basically the research, four Litter material which examinated as substitution
media forwhite mushrooms groMh at medium land have result as follow
1.
:
Any real interaction betWeen variety and percentage usage substitutin material.
Growth media give good result are media from substitution material 250,6 from
Litter Leucanea, tithonia, Straw and litter of yard. Material subtitution Leucanea
and tithonia
500,5
able to support growth and production of mushroom at
beginning harvest.
2.
Media which have able to growth and production equal with control media are
media lrom 250,6 material subtitution Litter Leucanea, tithonia, Straw and Litter
of yard until treatment of 51P3, S2P3, S3P3 and S4P3 recomendated as the
solution. lf any raw material timber constraint as main material for mushrom
gro$/th.
601
NaturalResources Climate Change and Food Security in Developing Countries
Surabaya, lndonesia, June 27-28, 201 I
ISNAR C2FS PROCEEDING
-4.--
Sub Theme
,SBN
3.
:
:
Oral Presentation
AdaPtation and Prodttction
978-602-891*93'9
growth to show varieties pattern' Mushrom
characteristic pattern of mushrom
growthatStrawandLitterofyardmediatendtoshowpatternofgrowthsame
that growth at Leucanea and tithonia media
with control media, but mushrom
tendtoshowpatternofgrowthdifferentwith.controlmedia'
4. mushromgrowthperiodwhichgrowthatLeucaneamediaandtithoniaaround
growth which growth at substitution media
50-7so/6 tend to short than mushrom
and BER are different' Total produc{ion
2506 until get total produclion value
valueandBERnearestcontrolgetatsubtitutionmediaLitterLeucanea,tithonia,
straw and Litter of yardas
and tithonia as 50%.
250,6
than follow by subtitution media Litter Leucanea
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FoN
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Security in Developing Countries