MONITORING SYSTEM ON ROTATIONAL SPEED AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF ELECTRICAL GENERATOR Monitoring System on Rotation Speed and Output Voltage of Electrical Generator Using Web-Based And TCP / IP Connection.

MONITORING SYSTEM ON ROTATIONAL SPEED
AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF ELECTRICAL GENERATOR
USING WEB-BASED AND TCP / IP CONNECTION

FINAL PROJECT
This Report Arranged as One of Requirement to Finish The Educational
strata-1 (S1) at Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Submitted by:
Muhammad Puji Prasetyo
D 400 110 040

Department Of Electrical Engineering Faculty Of Engineering
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta
2015
i

APPROVAL PAGE

Final Project the title is “MONITORING SYSTEM ON ROTATION

SPEED AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF ELECTRICAL GENERATOR
USING WEB-BASED AND TCP / IP CONNECTION” created by:

Name

: Muhammad Puji Prasetyo

NIM

: D400 110 040

It’s arranged as One of Requirement to Finish the Educational strata-1 (S1)
at Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas
Muhammadiyah Surakarta
.
It has been approved and authorized on:
Day

:

Date

:

Approving,
Supervisor I

Supervisor II

(Dr, Ir. Bana Handaga, MT )

(Dedi Ary Prasetya, ST )

ii

AFFIRMATION PAGE

This final project has been maintained and be accounted in front of the
council of final project examiner to complete tasks and fulfil the requirements for
achieve a bachelor of Engineering Department of Electrical Engineering

Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
Day

: …………………………..

Date

: …………………………..
THE TITLE IS
MONITORING SYSTEM ON ROTATION SPEED AND OUTPUT

VOLTAGE OF ELECTRICAL GENERATOR USING WEB-BASED AND
TCP / IP CONNECTION
The Council of Final Project Examiners:
1. Dr, Ir. Bana Handaga, M.T.

…………………..
…………………….

2. Dedi Ary Prasetya, S.T.

3. Umi Fadlilah, S.T., M.Eng.

…………………..
…………………….

4. Ratnasari Nur R., S.T., M.T.

Knowing
Dean Of The Engineering Faculty

Chairman of Electrical Engineering
Department

Ir. Sri Sunarjono, MT, Ph.D

Umar, ST. MT

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PREFACE

Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.
Alhamdulillahirabbil'alamin, praise is merely to the Almighty Allah SWT
for the gracious mercy and tremendous blessing that enables me to accomplish this
bachelor final project entitled: Monitoring System on Rotation Speed and Output
Voltage of Electrical Generator Using Web-Based And TCP / IP Connection. This
bachelor final project is presented to fulfill one of the requirements in
accomplishing S-1 Degree in Departement of Electrical Engineering, Engineering
Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
I would like to express my special appreciation for the people who are
involved in the creation of this report either directly or indirectly, including to:
1. Allah SWT for His abundance of grace.
2. Mr. Prof. Bambang Setiaji, as the Rector of the Universitas Muhammadiyah
Surakarta.
3. Mr. Ir. Sri Sunarjono, MT, Ph.D., as Dean of the Faculty of Engineering,
Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
4. Mr. Umar, ST, MT, as Head of Electrical Engineering Department
Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakarta.
5. Mr. Dr. Ir. Bana Handaga, MT, as the first mentor in this final project.
6. Mr. Dedy Ary Prasetya ST, as the second mentor in this final project.

7. Mr or Mrs Lecturer as the council of examiners in this final project.
8. Mr or Mrs Lecturers who has guided and gives knowledge all this time to
us.

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9. My parents who gave us a lot of supports in materiil and imateriil.
10. All the staff of Administration, Academic and non-academic staff, who have
helped and provide convenience to the author during studying at
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas
Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
11. Friends in KMTE Robot Research Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta,
friends electro class of 2010, class of 2011 and class of 2012 who have
shared in the joy and sorrow.
12. And the other parties who can’t we mentioned one by one, for all of the help
we say thank you very much.
We realize that in the preparation of this Final Project report have many
weaknesses and still far from the perfection. Finally, we hope this Final Project
report can be useful for anyone who need it.

Wassalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.

Surakarta,

June 2015

The author

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MOTTO

“Verily, with the hardship, there is relief. So when you have finished (from your
occupation), then stand up for Allah's worship. And to your Lord (Alone) turn
(all your intentions and hopes and) your invocations”.
(QS. Al-Insyiroh (94): 6-8)

“Our job is not to succeed, our job is just to try, because in trying we discover
and learn to build a chance to succeed.”
(Mario Teguh)

“The destiny of every human being is predetermined since they were born, but
with hard work we can beat destiny”
(Uzumaki Naruto)

If You Can Dream It, You Can Do It
(Anonim)

Nothing Is Impossible Beyond Determination
(Anonim)

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DEDICATION

This creation dedicated for:
1. Allah SWT, for His abundance of grace.
2. My father and my mother, millions of endearments, sorry and thanks will
not be able repay your sacrifice to me. I love you so much. Thanks God,
protect them both.

3. My sister, which always gives motivation and prayers.
4. All of my big family, which can be a motivation, both moral and material
that can assist in the learning process.
5. Siska, You are always waiting and encouraged. You’re my spirit.
6. My friend on KMTE Robot Research Universitas Muhammadiyah
Surakarta.
7. My friend class of 2011, who have shared in the joy and sorrow.
8. My friend on international class of 2011, we learn, play, and share
together.
9. Older brother or sister on electrical engineering, who have shared the
experience during college.

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CONTRIBUTIONS LIST

Assalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.
In completion of the final project entitled “MONITORING SYSTEM ON
ROTATION SPEED AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF ELECTRICAL
GENERATOR USING WEB-BASED AND TCP / IP CONNECTION”, I

declare that:
1. The design of the circuit lines on the PCB using Diptrace v2.3.1.
2. Simulation and circuit figure using Proteus v7.10 SP3.
3. The program of monitoring system on rotation speed and output voltage of
electrical generator using web-based and TCP / IP connection, I made
myself on guidance many references from the Internet.
4. Preparation of the final project report do by myself at home and campus.

I created this contribution list honestly. I am responsible for the content
and validity.

Wassalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb.
Surakarta, July 2015
Supervisor

The Author

Dr. Ir. Bana Handaga, MT

Muhammad Puji Prasetyo

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DECLARATION OF RESEARCH AUTHENTICITY

Assalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakaatuh
That marked the hand in the following:
Name

: Muhammad Puji Prasetyo

NIM

: D400110040

Study Program

: Electrical Engineering

Title

: MONITORING SYSTEM ON ROTATIONAL
SPEED AND OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF
ELECTRICAL GENERATOR USING WEBBASED AND TCP / IP CONNECTION

Stated that the thesis that I submit this is really a work of his own, except
citations and summaries that I mentioned sources in the discussion, if in future there
is untruth in this statement then I am prepared to take responsibility.
Wassalamu’alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakaatuh

Surakarta,

July 2015

Muhammad Puji Prasetyo

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ..............................................................................................

i

APPROVAL PAGE ....................................................................................

ii

AFFIRMATION PAGE ............................................................................... iii
PREFACE ................................................................................................... iv
MOTTO ...................................................................................................... vi
DEDICTION PAGE .................................................................................... vii
LIST OF CONTIBUTION ........................................................................... viii
DECLARATION OF RESEARCH AUTHENTICITY .............................. ix
TABLE OF CONTENT ...............................................................................

x

TABLE OF FIGURE .................................................................................. xiii
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................... xv
ABSTRACTS .............................................................................................. xvi
CHAPTER I PLERIMINARY ......................................................................

1

1.1. Background ...............................................................................

1

1.2. Problem .....................................................................................

2

1.3. Objectives ..................................................................................

2

1.4. Benefits ......................................................................................

3

1.5. Limitations ................................................................................

3

CHAPTER II THE LITERATURE .............................................................

4

2.1. Review........................................................................................

4

2.2. Reference ....................................................................................

5

2.2.1. Arduino ...........................................................................

5

x

2.2.2. Arduino Ethernet Shield ................................................

7

2.2.3. Photodiode ......................................................................

8

2.2.4. Transformer ...................................................................

9

2.2.5. Computer ....................................................................... 10
2.2.6. TCP / IP ......................................................................... 10
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD ....................................................... 12
3.1. Time and Place ........................................................................... 12
3.2. Tools and Materials .................................................................... 12
3.2.1

Tools ............................................................................... 13

3.2.2

Materials ......................................................................... 14

3.3 Flowchart Research ................................................................... 15
3.4 Tools Design ............................................................................. 16
3.4.1

Hardware Design ........................................................... 17

3.4.2

Software Design ............................................................ 20

CHAPTER IV THE RESULT AND ANALYSIS ........................................ 32
4.1. The Result ................................................................................. 32
4.2. System Test and Analysis ......................................................... 36
4.2.1. The Voltage Test ........................................................... 38
4.2.2. The Rotational Speed Test ............................................ 39
4.2.3. The Rotational Speed and Voltage ................................ 41
4.2.4. The Monitoring Test ....................................................... 43
CHAPTER V CLOSING ............................................................................. 46
5.1. Conclusions ............................................................................... 46
5.2. Suggestions................................................................................. 46

xi

BIBLIOGRAFY ........................................................................................... 48
ATTACHMENT .......................................................................................... 49

xii

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 2.1. Arduino ......................................................................................

6

Figure 2.2. Ethernet Shield ..........................................................................

8

Figure 3.1. The Flowchart Research ............................................................ 15
Figure 3.2. Block Diagram ........................................................................... 16
Figure 3.3. The rotational speed sensor schematic ...................................... 18
Figure 3.4. Voltage sensor schematic .......................................................... 19
Figure 3.5. Power supply schematic ............................................................ 19
Figure 3.6. All schematic circuit ................................................................. 20
Figure 3.7. Flowchart on arduino program .................................................. 21
Figure 3.8. Counting the rpm flowchart ....................................................... 23
Figure 3.9. Read the voltage flowchart ........................................................ 24
Figure 3.10. Data for calibration chart .......................................................... 26
Figure 3.11. Website flowchart .................................................................... 27
Figure 3.12. The calling function of javascript and css file .......................... 28
Figure 3.13. Chart function ........................................................................... 29
Figure 3.14. The gauge function ................................................................... 29
Figure 3.15. Data retrieval functions ............................................................. 30
Figure 3.16. setInterval() function ................................................................ 30
Figure 3.17. Html programming ................................................................... 31
Figure 4.1. The website display ................................................................... 33
Figure 4.2. The voltage chart and gauge ....................................................... 33
Figure 4.3. The rotational speed chart and gauge ......................................... 33

xiii

Figure 4.4. Tools Design .............................................................................. 34
Figure 4.5. The Rotational Speed Sensor ..................................................... 34
Figure 4.6. Power Supply ............................................................................. 35
Figure 4.7. Generator and Motor................................................................... 35
Figure 4.8. AC Regulator ............................................................................. 36
Figure 4.9. Testing process .......................................................................... 37
Figure 4.10. The measurement using tachometer and multi meter .............. 38
Figure 4.11. The voltage test using final project device .............................. 38
Figure 4.12. The rotational speed measurement using tachometer ............... 40
Figure 4.13. The rotational speed measurement using final project device .. 40
Figure 4.14. The measurement using tachometer and multi meter ............... 41
Figure 4.15. The measurement using final project device ............................ 42
Figure 4.16. Monitoring test when LAN connection is disconnected .......... 43
Figure 4.17. Monitoring test when the voltage sensor is disconnected ........ 44
Figure 4.18. Monitoring test when the rotational speed sensor is
disconnected .............................................................................. 44

xiv

LIST OF TABLES

Table 3.1. Tools and function ...................................................................... 13
Table 3.2. Materials and function ................................................................. 14
Table 3.3. Data of comparison formula ........................................................ 25
Table 4.1. The result of voltage measurement ............................................. 39
Table 4.2. The result of rotational speed measurement ............................... 40
Table 4.3. The result of rotational speed and voltage measurement ............ 42

xv

ABSTRACTS

Electricity is one of main energy that’s needed nowadays. Almost all of
equipment used by humans using electrical energy as the power source. Electricity
generated from the plant system. There are a lot of renewable power generation
systems to overcome the problems of non-renewable resources. The purpose of this
research is to design a monitoring system of rotational speed and output voltage on
electrical generator using web-based.
This system facilitate the monitoring process of generator on power
generation system. There are two sensors for measuring the rotational speed and
the voltage. LED and phototransistor are used for the rotational speed sensor, and
the transformer, rectifier, and the voltage divider circuit are used for voltage
sensor. All data will be processed in the arduino. The connection between Arduino
and internet use the ethernet shield and UTP cable. This system used a computer
server as a place to store html and java script file.
The measurement results are displayed on a website as a chart and gauge.
The average error of RPM measurement is 0,402% and the voltage measurement
is 0,429%. The data on the website will be updated for every five seconds. The graph
on the website can display 20 data monitoring. After 20 data, it will be shifted.
When the LAN connection is disconnected, the monitoring system will be stopped.
And when reconnected, the monitoring system will run automatically without
refreshing the web page.

Keywords: Arduino, Ethernet, Generator, Rotational speed, Voltage.

xvi