THE EFFECT OF PREDICT EXPLAIN OBSERVE STRATEGY (POE) ON STUDENTS ACTIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOME ON HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM SUB TOPIC IN GRADE XII SCIENCE PROGRAM AT SMA NEGERI 15 MEDAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014.
THE EFFECT OF PREDICT OBSERVE EXPLAIN STRATEGY (POE) ON STUDENTS
ACTIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOME ON HUMAN RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM SUB TOPIC IN GRADE XI SCIENCE PROGRAM AT
SMA NEGERI 15 MEDAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
By:
Suyedi Hendra Yanto
4103342011
Biology Bilingual Education
THESIS
Submitted to fulfill the requirement for the degree of
Sarjana Pendidikan
BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCE
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
MEDAN
2014
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to Thanks God for His Love and mercy
for blessing hence writer is able to finish this thesis with title “The effect of
predict explain observe strategy (POE) on students’ activity and learning outcome
on human respiratory system sub topic in grade XII science program at SMA
Negeri 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014”. This Thesis is aimed to fulfill the
requirement for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan at Biology Department, Faculty
of Mathematics and Natural Science, State University of Medan.
During the process of writing the thesis, the writer realized that he had
many mistaken. Meanwhile, he has been given some suggestions, comments,
academic guidance, and moral support from his consultant and others that he
would like to express his sincere thanks.
The writer would like to express his great gratitude to Dr. Syahmi Edi,
M.Si as his consultant for his generous assistance, guidance, advices and valuable
time to read and discuss the thesis until it is completed. The writer also would like
thank profusely to Prof. Drs. Motlan, M.Sc, Ph.D., as dean of the Faculty of
Mathematics and Natural Science, State University of Medan. Prof. Dr. Herbert
Sipahutar ,M.Sc., Drs. Martina Napitupulu., Drs.Tri Harsono, M.Si as the lecturer
team examiners for their suggestion and constructive criticisms for the revision of
this thesis and for Syarifuddin, M.Sc, Ph.D as his academic supervisor who has
guided the writer during academic program.
My never ending thankfulness is fully to my beloved father Surman
Simanjuntak and my mother Marince for their everlasting love, hopeful prayers in
his life, and the entire moral and the financial support that have enabled his to
finish his study. His special thanks and admiration are also due to his sisters and
brother, Sari Simanjuntak, Mery V Simanjuntak, Ira Simanjuntak, and the last
Mario Simanjuntak. Thanks to all sisters and brothers in boarding house at
Pardamean street 15C and all family, friends are also undeniable.
The writer also thanks to the headmaster of SMA Negeri 15 Medan, Drs.
Darwin Siregar, M.Pd and Biology teacher Mam Asil Sembiring S.Pd., and all the
v
teachers and student especially XI-2, XI-4 academic year 2013/2014 in SMA
Negeri 15 Medan who received the presence of the writer during research in these
classes.
And for all my friends in class Biology Bilingual Education 2010 who
show me the meaning of friendship. Especially for my friends, the writer would
like thank to Dewi Mentari, for her time and support as writer for suggestion and
constructive criticisms examiners team in proposal seminar of this research, and
Shelly Eka Putri that help me to accomplish this thesis especially in documented
of the research in SMA Negeri Medan and writer would also like to thank Hastika
Juliani for her support and help me to make a graph of this reseacrh by systat
program. And not forget for my special friends Evy Verawati (MyBeBi) thank for
your support, your caring and help me to accomplish this thesis.
The writer has put all efforts and time in the completion of this thesis, but
the writer is aware there are still many weaknesses in terms of content and
grammar therefore the writer is pleased to receive some suggestions and
constructive criticism from readers for the thesis being perfect. Any suggestion for
the improvements in the future will be highly appreciated.
Medan,
June 2014
Writer,
Suyedi Hendra Yanto
NIM 4103342011
iii
THE EFFECT OF PREDICT OBSERVE EXPLAIN STRATEGY (POE)
ON STUDENTS ACTIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOME
IN HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM SUB TOPIC FOR
GRADE XI SCIENCE PROGRAM AT SMA NEGERI
15 MEDAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
SUYEDI HENDRA YANTO (4103342011)
ABSTRACT
This research aims to find out: (1) the effect of POE Strategy on students’ activity,
(2) the effect of POE Strategy on students’ learning outcome. This research aims
to know the effect of POE Strategy in biology specifically on human respiratory
sub topic in grade XI at SMA Negeri 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014. The
population of this research was all of grade XI science program SMA Negeri 15
Medan. There were 2 classes chosen as the sample by applying cluster random
sampling technique. It was obtained the sample 38 students for experiment class
and 38 students for control class. Experimental class was taught by POE strategy
while control class was taught by conventional strategy. The instruments used to
obatain the data were cognitive test in form of multiple choices as test instrument
and observation sheet as non-test instrument. The research result of hypothesis
test for posttest showed that tcount = 8.76 > ttable = 2.38 at the level significance of
0.01, means that H0 is rejected and the Ha is accepted. It can be concluded there is
a significant difference of student learning outcome between POE strategy and
conventional strategy. Then, t-test of observation results showed that students’
activity in both classes is significantly different.The students in experiement class
were more active than students in control class by the average score of 80.56 and
50.05 respectively. The result of hypothesis test for student activity showed that
tcount = 10.31 > ttable = 2.38. It means that students’ activity in experimental class is
higher than students’ activity in control class. On the whole, learning outcome in
learning human respiratory sub topic that taught by POE strategy is higher than
student learning outcome that taught by conventional strategy at SMA Negeri 15
Medan academic year 2013/2014.
Keyword : learning outcome, students’ activity, predict observe explain(POE)
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Thesis Approval
i
Table of Contents
ii
List of Figure
iv
List of Table
v
Appendix
vi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1
1.1 Background of the Research
1.2. The Identification of Problem
1.3. The Limitation of Problem
1.4. Research Question
1.5. The Objectives of the Research
1.6. Significance of the Research
1.7. Operational Definition
1
2
3
3
3
4
4
CHAPTER II THEORITICAL REVIEW
5
2.1. Theoretical Framework
2.1.1. Understanding Learning
2.1.2. Learning Activity
2.1.3. Learning Method
2.1.3.1. The advantages
2.1.3.2. The weakness
2.1.3.3. How to overcome the weaknesses of the experimental methods
2.1.4. Learning Outcomes
2.2. Strategy
2.3. POE (Predict-Observe-Explain) Strategy
2.4. Respiratory System in Human
2.5. Conceptual Framework
2.6. Research Hypothesis
5
5
5
6
6
7
7
7
11
12
13
18
19
vii
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
20
3.1. Location and Time of Research
3.2. Population and Sample of Research
3.2.1. Research Population
3.2.2. Research Sample
3.3. Research Variable
3.4. Research Instruments Before Research
3.5. Research Instrument at the Time of Research
3.6. Research Design
3.7. Technique of Data Collection
3.7.1. Validity
3.7.2. Reliability Test
3.7.3. Discrimination power
3.7.4. Difficulty Index
3.8. Research Procedures
3.8.1. Class which taught by POE strategy
3.8.2. Class which taught by lecturing strategy
3.9. Data Analyzing
20
20
20
20
21
21
21
23
25
25
25
26
27
27
28
29
30
CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1. Research Result for Students Learning Outcome
4.2. Research Result for Students’ Activity
4.3. Discussion
35
35
39
41
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1. Conclusion
5.2. Recomendation
44
44
44
REFERENCES
45
APPENDIX
48
ix
LIST OF TABLE
Page
Table 3.1. Distribution of the instrument test cognitive levels
22
Tabel 3.2. Category of Student Abilities
23
Table 3.3. Test Reliability Index Criteria
26
Table 4.1. Frequency distribution of pre test scores in experiment class
35
Table 4.2. Frequency distribution of pre test scores in control class
36
Table 4.3. Frequency distribution of post test scores in experiment class
37
Table 4.4. Frequency distribution of post test scores in control class
38
Table 4.5. Result data of Normality Test
39
Table 4.6. Result data of Homogenity Test
39
Table 4.7. Result data of Hypothesis Test
40
Table 4.8. Observation result for students’ activity
41
viii
LIST OF FIGURE
Page
Figure 2.1. Respiration system in humans
14
Figure 2.2. Gas exchange in alveoli
16
Figure 2.3. Conceptual framework
18
Figure 3.1. Research Design
24
Figure 3.2. Diagram of research procedure
31
Figure 4.1. Student’s pre test data of both class
35
Figure 4.2. Student’s post test data of both class
36
x
LIST OF APPENDIX
Page
Appendix 1 Syllabus
49
Appendix 2 Lesson plan of experimental class
51
Appendix 3 Lesson plan of control class
55
Appendix 4 Questionarre result with the biology teacher
60
Appendix 5 Student’s scores of first examination
63
Appendix 6 Research instrument
67
Appendix 7 Answers of research instrument
73
Appendix 8 Analysis of the lattice question
74
Appendix 9 Student Observation sheet
75
Appendix 10 Table of individual assessment
77
Appendix 11 Student’s worksheet 1
78
Appendix 12 Student’s worksheet 2
80
Appendix 13 Calculation of validity instrument
81
Appendix 14 Instrument validity
82
Appendix 15 Table of instrument validity
83
Appendix 16 Calculation of reliability test
84
Appendix 17 Instrument reliability
85
Appendix 18 Calculation of difficulty index
86
Appendix 19 Table of difficulty index
87
Appendix 20 Calculation of discrimination power
88
Appendix 21 Table of discrimination power
89
Appendix 22 Result of research data scores of pre-test and post-test
90
Appendix 23 Calculation of average, standard deviation and
92
variance of pre-test and post-test
Appendix 24 Normality test of learning outcome
95
Appendix 25 Homogeneity test of learning outcome
97
Appendix 26 Hypothesis test I
100
Appendix 27 Result of research data of students activity
103
xi
Appendix 28 Calculation of average, standard deviation and
111
variance of student activity data
Appendix 29 Normality test of student activity
113
Appendix 30 Homogeneity test of student activity
114
Appendix 31 Hypothesis testing II
116
Appendix 32 Product moment table
118
Appendix 33 Liliefors table
119
Appendix 34 F-distribution table
120
Appendix 35 Table of t-distribution value
121
Appendix 36 Research documentation
122
44
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1. Conclusion
Based on the result of research, it can be concluded as follow:
1. There is an effect of POE strategy on students’ activity on human
respiratory system sub topic in grade XI science program at SMA N 15
Medan academic year 2013/2014. The percentage of students’ activity in
experimental class that taught with POE strategy is higher than students in
control class that taught with lecturing strategy.
2. There is an effect of POE strategy on students’ learning outcome on
human respiratory system sub topic in grade XI science program at SMA
N 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014. Learning outcome of students in
experimental class that taught with POE strategy showed higher score than
students in control class that taught with lecturing strategy.
5.2. Suggestion
It can be proposed some suggestion as follows:
1. For students, POE strategy can improve the activity and learning outcome
of students caused its implemented in experimental or attractive lesson that
able to interest and stimulate students to being involved in the learning
process.
2. For biology teachers, POE strategy can be used as the appropriate learning
strategy for the effectiveness learning process. It can enhance teachers’
awareness to develop their strategies in teaching as an alternative strategy
for improving students learning outcomes and activity.
3. To the researcher as prospective teacher in the next future, the result of
this reasearch can be used as information source to increase information
and knowledge about the benefit of implementing POE strategy in learning
process.
45
REFERENCES
Akhyar, S., (2005), Biologi, Penerbit Grafindo Media Pratama, Bandung.
Arikunto, S., (2007), Prosedur Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Praktek, Penerbit
Rineka Cipta, Jakarta.
Ayvacı, H.Ş., (2013), Investigating the Effectiveness of Predict-Observe-Explain
Strategy on Teaching Photo Electricity Topic, Journal of Baltic Science
Education 12: 548-564.
Debby., (2013), Pengaruh Strategi Predict-Observe-Explain (POE) Terhadap
Minat dan Hasil Belajar Siswa XI MAN Gandekan Bantul., Skripsi,
Fakultas Sains dan Teknologi, UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Medan.
Duit, R., Treagust, D., & Mansfield, H. (1996), Investigating student
understanding as a prerequisite to improving teaching and learning in
science and mathematics. In D. F. Treagust, R. Duit, & B. J. Fraser
(Eds.), Improving teaching and learning in science and mathematics (pp.
17–31). New York and London: Teachers College Press.
Endang & Idun., (2009), Biologi 2: Makhluk Hidup dan Lingkungannya Untuk
SMA/MA Kelas XI, Penerbit Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan
Nasional, Jakarta.
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Negeri Medan,
(2012), Buku Pedoman Penulisan Proposal dan Skripsi, FMIPA Unimed.
Gunstone, R., & White, R., (1981). Understanding of gravity. Science Education
65(3), 291–299.
Hamalik, O., (2004). Kurikulum dan Pembelajaran, Jakarta: PT. Bumi Aksara.
Hamzah, B.U., (2006). Orientasi baru dalam psikologi pembelajaran, Jakarta:
Bumi Aksara.
Manurung, L., (2011). Penerapan POE (Predict Observe Explain) Menggunakan
Multimedia Terhadap Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Daur Biogeokimia di
Kelas X-I SMA Negeri 2 Lubuk Pakam T.P. 2010/2011, UNIMED,
MEDAN. not published
Matthew, K., David, F.,Treagust., Shelley, Y., dan Marjan, G.Z., (2001), Student
and Teacher Perceptions of the Use of Multimedia Supported Predict–
Observe–Explain Tasks to Probe Understanding, Research in Science
Education 31: 589–615.
46
Niaz, M. (2011). Facilitating conceptual change in students’ understanding of
electrochemistry. International Journal of Science Education 24(4), 425–
439.
Palmer, D., (1995). The POE in the primary school: An evaluation. Research in
Science Education 25 (3): 323-332.
Ruseffendi, E.T., (1988).
Pengantar Kepada Membantu Guru Untuk
Mengembangkan Kompetensinya Dalam Pengajaran Matematika Untuk
Meningkatkan CBSA, Tarsito, Bandung.
Sagala, S., (2004), Konsep dan Makna Pembelajaran, Penerbit Alfabeta,
Bandung.
Salman, A., (1999), Biologi, Grafindo Media Pratama, Bandung.
Sardiman, A. M., (2011). Interaksi dan Motivasi Belajar Mengajar, Rajawali
Pers, Jakarta.
Sembiring, D.A., (2014). Comparison of Student Learning Achievement and
Activity Concept Attainment Model with and without Flashcards on the
Topic of Cell Division in Grade XII IPA SMA Swasta Pancur Batu
Academic Year 2013/2014, UNIMED, MEDAN. not published
Setiawan, E., (2012). Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Online versi 1.2.1. ,
Kemdikbud (Pusat Bahasa) http://kbbi.web.id/strategi
Simarmata, R.N., (2014). The Comparison Between POE (Predict Observe
Explain) and TPS (Think Pair Share) Learning Model on Student’s
Learning Achievement, Activity, and Critical Thinking Skill on
Circulatory System in Grade XI IA SMA Negeri 2 Balige Academic Year
2013/2014, UNIMED, MEDAN. not published
Slameto., (2010), Belajar dan Faktor-faktor yang Mempengaruhinya, Rineka
Cipta,Jakarta.
Soejadi., (1999), Pengantar Ilmu Pendidikan, Usaha Nasional, Surabaya.
Sostrodihorjo, S., (2002), Biologi, Regina, Bogor
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Remaja Rosdakarya, Bandung.
Suparno, A. S. (2001), Membangun kompetensi belajar, Jakarta: Direktorat
Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi.
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Suwarno., (2009), Panduan Pembelajaran Biologi: Untuk SMA/MA Kelas XI,
Penerbit Pusat Perbukuan Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, Jakarta.
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Edition, Penerbit The McGraw-Hill Companies, New York.
Tobin, K., Tippins, D., & Gallard, A. (1996), Research on instructional strategies
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teaching and learning (pp. 45–93). New York: Macmillan.
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Wu, Yin-Tien dan Tsai, Chin-Chung., (2005). Effects of constructivistoriented
Instruction on Elementary school students’ Cognitive structures. Journal
of Biological Education.
ACTIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOME ON HUMAN RESPIRATORY
SYSTEM SUB TOPIC IN GRADE XI SCIENCE PROGRAM AT
SMA NEGERI 15 MEDAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
By:
Suyedi Hendra Yanto
4103342011
Biology Bilingual Education
THESIS
Submitted to fulfill the requirement for the degree of
Sarjana Pendidikan
BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCE
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
MEDAN
2014
iv
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all, the writer would like to Thanks God for His Love and mercy
for blessing hence writer is able to finish this thesis with title “The effect of
predict explain observe strategy (POE) on students’ activity and learning outcome
on human respiratory system sub topic in grade XII science program at SMA
Negeri 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014”. This Thesis is aimed to fulfill the
requirement for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan at Biology Department, Faculty
of Mathematics and Natural Science, State University of Medan.
During the process of writing the thesis, the writer realized that he had
many mistaken. Meanwhile, he has been given some suggestions, comments,
academic guidance, and moral support from his consultant and others that he
would like to express his sincere thanks.
The writer would like to express his great gratitude to Dr. Syahmi Edi,
M.Si as his consultant for his generous assistance, guidance, advices and valuable
time to read and discuss the thesis until it is completed. The writer also would like
thank profusely to Prof. Drs. Motlan, M.Sc, Ph.D., as dean of the Faculty of
Mathematics and Natural Science, State University of Medan. Prof. Dr. Herbert
Sipahutar ,M.Sc., Drs. Martina Napitupulu., Drs.Tri Harsono, M.Si as the lecturer
team examiners for their suggestion and constructive criticisms for the revision of
this thesis and for Syarifuddin, M.Sc, Ph.D as his academic supervisor who has
guided the writer during academic program.
My never ending thankfulness is fully to my beloved father Surman
Simanjuntak and my mother Marince for their everlasting love, hopeful prayers in
his life, and the entire moral and the financial support that have enabled his to
finish his study. His special thanks and admiration are also due to his sisters and
brother, Sari Simanjuntak, Mery V Simanjuntak, Ira Simanjuntak, and the last
Mario Simanjuntak. Thanks to all sisters and brothers in boarding house at
Pardamean street 15C and all family, friends are also undeniable.
The writer also thanks to the headmaster of SMA Negeri 15 Medan, Drs.
Darwin Siregar, M.Pd and Biology teacher Mam Asil Sembiring S.Pd., and all the
v
teachers and student especially XI-2, XI-4 academic year 2013/2014 in SMA
Negeri 15 Medan who received the presence of the writer during research in these
classes.
And for all my friends in class Biology Bilingual Education 2010 who
show me the meaning of friendship. Especially for my friends, the writer would
like thank to Dewi Mentari, for her time and support as writer for suggestion and
constructive criticisms examiners team in proposal seminar of this research, and
Shelly Eka Putri that help me to accomplish this thesis especially in documented
of the research in SMA Negeri Medan and writer would also like to thank Hastika
Juliani for her support and help me to make a graph of this reseacrh by systat
program. And not forget for my special friends Evy Verawati (MyBeBi) thank for
your support, your caring and help me to accomplish this thesis.
The writer has put all efforts and time in the completion of this thesis, but
the writer is aware there are still many weaknesses in terms of content and
grammar therefore the writer is pleased to receive some suggestions and
constructive criticism from readers for the thesis being perfect. Any suggestion for
the improvements in the future will be highly appreciated.
Medan,
June 2014
Writer,
Suyedi Hendra Yanto
NIM 4103342011
iii
THE EFFECT OF PREDICT OBSERVE EXPLAIN STRATEGY (POE)
ON STUDENTS ACTIVITY AND LEARNING OUTCOME
IN HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM SUB TOPIC FOR
GRADE XI SCIENCE PROGRAM AT SMA NEGERI
15 MEDAN ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/2014
SUYEDI HENDRA YANTO (4103342011)
ABSTRACT
This research aims to find out: (1) the effect of POE Strategy on students’ activity,
(2) the effect of POE Strategy on students’ learning outcome. This research aims
to know the effect of POE Strategy in biology specifically on human respiratory
sub topic in grade XI at SMA Negeri 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014. The
population of this research was all of grade XI science program SMA Negeri 15
Medan. There were 2 classes chosen as the sample by applying cluster random
sampling technique. It was obtained the sample 38 students for experiment class
and 38 students for control class. Experimental class was taught by POE strategy
while control class was taught by conventional strategy. The instruments used to
obatain the data were cognitive test in form of multiple choices as test instrument
and observation sheet as non-test instrument. The research result of hypothesis
test for posttest showed that tcount = 8.76 > ttable = 2.38 at the level significance of
0.01, means that H0 is rejected and the Ha is accepted. It can be concluded there is
a significant difference of student learning outcome between POE strategy and
conventional strategy. Then, t-test of observation results showed that students’
activity in both classes is significantly different.The students in experiement class
were more active than students in control class by the average score of 80.56 and
50.05 respectively. The result of hypothesis test for student activity showed that
tcount = 10.31 > ttable = 2.38. It means that students’ activity in experimental class is
higher than students’ activity in control class. On the whole, learning outcome in
learning human respiratory sub topic that taught by POE strategy is higher than
student learning outcome that taught by conventional strategy at SMA Negeri 15
Medan academic year 2013/2014.
Keyword : learning outcome, students’ activity, predict observe explain(POE)
vi
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
Thesis Approval
i
Table of Contents
ii
List of Figure
iv
List of Table
v
Appendix
vi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
1
1.1 Background of the Research
1.2. The Identification of Problem
1.3. The Limitation of Problem
1.4. Research Question
1.5. The Objectives of the Research
1.6. Significance of the Research
1.7. Operational Definition
1
2
3
3
3
4
4
CHAPTER II THEORITICAL REVIEW
5
2.1. Theoretical Framework
2.1.1. Understanding Learning
2.1.2. Learning Activity
2.1.3. Learning Method
2.1.3.1. The advantages
2.1.3.2. The weakness
2.1.3.3. How to overcome the weaknesses of the experimental methods
2.1.4. Learning Outcomes
2.2. Strategy
2.3. POE (Predict-Observe-Explain) Strategy
2.4. Respiratory System in Human
2.5. Conceptual Framework
2.6. Research Hypothesis
5
5
5
6
6
7
7
7
11
12
13
18
19
vii
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
20
3.1. Location and Time of Research
3.2. Population and Sample of Research
3.2.1. Research Population
3.2.2. Research Sample
3.3. Research Variable
3.4. Research Instruments Before Research
3.5. Research Instrument at the Time of Research
3.6. Research Design
3.7. Technique of Data Collection
3.7.1. Validity
3.7.2. Reliability Test
3.7.3. Discrimination power
3.7.4. Difficulty Index
3.8. Research Procedures
3.8.1. Class which taught by POE strategy
3.8.2. Class which taught by lecturing strategy
3.9. Data Analyzing
20
20
20
20
21
21
21
23
25
25
25
26
27
27
28
29
30
CHAPTER IV RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1. Research Result for Students Learning Outcome
4.2. Research Result for Students’ Activity
4.3. Discussion
35
35
39
41
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1. Conclusion
5.2. Recomendation
44
44
44
REFERENCES
45
APPENDIX
48
ix
LIST OF TABLE
Page
Table 3.1. Distribution of the instrument test cognitive levels
22
Tabel 3.2. Category of Student Abilities
23
Table 3.3. Test Reliability Index Criteria
26
Table 4.1. Frequency distribution of pre test scores in experiment class
35
Table 4.2. Frequency distribution of pre test scores in control class
36
Table 4.3. Frequency distribution of post test scores in experiment class
37
Table 4.4. Frequency distribution of post test scores in control class
38
Table 4.5. Result data of Normality Test
39
Table 4.6. Result data of Homogenity Test
39
Table 4.7. Result data of Hypothesis Test
40
Table 4.8. Observation result for students’ activity
41
viii
LIST OF FIGURE
Page
Figure 2.1. Respiration system in humans
14
Figure 2.2. Gas exchange in alveoli
16
Figure 2.3. Conceptual framework
18
Figure 3.1. Research Design
24
Figure 3.2. Diagram of research procedure
31
Figure 4.1. Student’s pre test data of both class
35
Figure 4.2. Student’s post test data of both class
36
x
LIST OF APPENDIX
Page
Appendix 1 Syllabus
49
Appendix 2 Lesson plan of experimental class
51
Appendix 3 Lesson plan of control class
55
Appendix 4 Questionarre result with the biology teacher
60
Appendix 5 Student’s scores of first examination
63
Appendix 6 Research instrument
67
Appendix 7 Answers of research instrument
73
Appendix 8 Analysis of the lattice question
74
Appendix 9 Student Observation sheet
75
Appendix 10 Table of individual assessment
77
Appendix 11 Student’s worksheet 1
78
Appendix 12 Student’s worksheet 2
80
Appendix 13 Calculation of validity instrument
81
Appendix 14 Instrument validity
82
Appendix 15 Table of instrument validity
83
Appendix 16 Calculation of reliability test
84
Appendix 17 Instrument reliability
85
Appendix 18 Calculation of difficulty index
86
Appendix 19 Table of difficulty index
87
Appendix 20 Calculation of discrimination power
88
Appendix 21 Table of discrimination power
89
Appendix 22 Result of research data scores of pre-test and post-test
90
Appendix 23 Calculation of average, standard deviation and
92
variance of pre-test and post-test
Appendix 24 Normality test of learning outcome
95
Appendix 25 Homogeneity test of learning outcome
97
Appendix 26 Hypothesis test I
100
Appendix 27 Result of research data of students activity
103
xi
Appendix 28 Calculation of average, standard deviation and
111
variance of student activity data
Appendix 29 Normality test of student activity
113
Appendix 30 Homogeneity test of student activity
114
Appendix 31 Hypothesis testing II
116
Appendix 32 Product moment table
118
Appendix 33 Liliefors table
119
Appendix 34 F-distribution table
120
Appendix 35 Table of t-distribution value
121
Appendix 36 Research documentation
122
44
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1. Conclusion
Based on the result of research, it can be concluded as follow:
1. There is an effect of POE strategy on students’ activity on human
respiratory system sub topic in grade XI science program at SMA N 15
Medan academic year 2013/2014. The percentage of students’ activity in
experimental class that taught with POE strategy is higher than students in
control class that taught with lecturing strategy.
2. There is an effect of POE strategy on students’ learning outcome on
human respiratory system sub topic in grade XI science program at SMA
N 15 Medan academic year 2013/2014. Learning outcome of students in
experimental class that taught with POE strategy showed higher score than
students in control class that taught with lecturing strategy.
5.2. Suggestion
It can be proposed some suggestion as follows:
1. For students, POE strategy can improve the activity and learning outcome
of students caused its implemented in experimental or attractive lesson that
able to interest and stimulate students to being involved in the learning
process.
2. For biology teachers, POE strategy can be used as the appropriate learning
strategy for the effectiveness learning process. It can enhance teachers’
awareness to develop their strategies in teaching as an alternative strategy
for improving students learning outcomes and activity.
3. To the researcher as prospective teacher in the next future, the result of
this reasearch can be used as information source to increase information
and knowledge about the benefit of implementing POE strategy in learning
process.
45
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