High Steroid Usage Among Reproductive-aged Farmers in Underserved Area in Indonesia, Langkat, South Securai Village
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Manuscript Preparation Online Submission K K Deepak Neelam Vaney Thirumurthy Velpandian
Executive Editor Editor (Physiology) Editor (Pharmacology)
Contact Us E-alertsDirector Professor Addl. Professor & In-Charge Professor & Head
Policies Dept. of Physiology, Ocular Pharmacology
Dept. of Physiology University college of Dr.R.P. Centre for
All India Institute of
Conferences
Medical Sciences, Ophthalmic Sciences,All Medical Sciences,
(University of Delhi) India Institute of Medical New Delhi - 110 029
Delhi - 110095 Sciences, New Delhi 110029 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]
Associate Editors Ashok Kumar Om Lata Bhagat Rajani Mathur Jaryal
Professor Assistant Professor Dept. of Pharmacology, Dept. of Physiology Dept. of Physiology Delhi Institute of
All India Institute of All India Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences Medical Sciences Medical Sciences & Research Pushp Vihar
New Delhi - 110 029 Jodhpur New Delhi - 110017
Dr. Farah Khaliq
Professor, Department of Physiology University College of Medical Sciences & GTB Hospital
Delhi University, Delhi
Assistant Editor Dr. Dinu S Chandran Dr. Nabanita Halder
Associate Professor, Assistant Professor
Ocular Pharmacology Dr.R.P. Centre Department of Physiology for Ophthalmic Sciences,All India
All India Institute of Medical Institute of Medical Sciences, New
Sciences, New Delhi - 110 029 Delhi 110029 IJPP_office bearers 16/02/18 17.27
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Indian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology Volume 60 - Number 3 July - 2016
Orignial Articles Medical Education Letter to Editor News and Announcement
Original Articles
A Novel Practical to Demonstrate Systemic and Local Regulation of Circulation in A Human Subject : Manpreet Kaur, Dinu S. Chandran, Ashok K. Jaryal and Kishore K. Deepak ... 217 Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients and its Association with the Age of the Patient, Duration of Disease and Glycemic Control : V. Nagalakshmi, V. Smruthi, Shama, Gauthan Rathnakarashetty and Shobha C. Nallulwar
...222 Do Congenitally Blind Individuals have Better Haptic Object Perception Compared to Blindfolded Sighted Individuals? : B.G. Bhirud, L.M. Chandan and A. Chawla ...230 Hindi and English Letter Cancellation Tasks : Does language have an effect on performance? : Abhinav Dixit and Ankit Kumar Rai
...235 Correlation of Audio-Visual Reaction Time with Body Mass Index & Skin Fold Thickness Between Runners and Healthy Controls : S. Jyothi, Sunil S. Vernekar, Manishankar, L.
Jayalakshmi, Vinothkumar and R. Rashmi ...239
Comparison of Cardiovascular Parameters and Cardiac Autonomic Activity of Obese and Normal Weight School Children in Puducherry : R. Rajalakshmi, Susheela Veliath, N. Krishnamurthy and M. Thenmozhi
...247 Sub-clinical Hypothyroidism in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital, Mysore : Srinath C. Galag, R. Rajalakshmi, K. M. Srinath and B. Madhu. ...255 Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Heart Rate Recovery in Type-II Diabetic Males : The Effect of Adiposity : Hanjabam Barun Sharma, Abha Shrivastava, Yogesh Saxena and Anita Sharma...260 Evaluation of the Protective Effect of NMDA/Non-NMDA Receptor Antagonists Against Ethambutol Induced Retinal Toxicity Using ERG in Wistar Rats : A.R. Vijayakumar, H. Anuradha, Nihar Ranjan Biswas, Vimla Menon, Rohit Saxena, Nabanita Halder and T. Velpandian
...268 Pharmacological Interventions for Vascular Targeting In Retinopathy of Prematurity : An Experimental Study : Neelima Aron, Madhu Nath, Shorya Vardhan Azad, Parijat Chandra, Raj
16/02/18 17.26 Vardhan Azad and Thirumurthy Velpandian
.....282
Medical Education
Perceptions of Post-graduate Students Towards M.D. Physiology Curriculum in India : Noorin Bhimani and Priyadarshini Mishra...291
Letter to Editor
Electrolyte Abnormalities in Cisplatin Based Chemotherapy : S. Nikhil and Aravindh S. Anand ...298 Endocrinology Coverage in The Haryana EML (Essential Medicines List) : Dr. Garima Bhutani, Dr. Sanjay Kalra and Dr. Prem Kumar Verma ...300 High Steroid Usage Among Reproductive-aged Farmers in Underserved Area in Indonesia, Langkat, South Securai Village : Sarma Nursani Lumbanraja ....302 Enteric Glial Cells and Inflammatory Bowel Disease : Friend or Foe : Purnima Sharma ....304
News and Announcement News and Announcements ....306
302 Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 60(3) : 302–303 Letter to Editor Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 60(3)
Letter To Editor High Steroid Usage Among Reproductive-aged Farmers in Underserved Area in Indonesia, Langkat, South Securai Village
(Received on January 1, 2016)
Sir, Analgesic had become one of the top highly demand and muscle pain due to their jobs as farmers. Indeed, over-the-counter drugs in many countries, also in steroids was largely used, in addition, they could Indonesia (1). Dale et al. reported prevalence of using obtain these drugs easily. over-the-counter analgesics at least once per week w a s 4 7 % ( 2 ) . S t e r o i d h a d b e c o m e t h e m o s t
Dexamethasone was the mostly used steroid among consumed drug that can be obtained easily. Ely et farmers. Mean length of steroid use was found to be al. showed that 28.8% of 758 elderly persons used above 5 years. Two thirds had reported routine thrice one to four analgesics, which mostly were steroids daily consumption of steroiddue to joint pain, fatigue, (3). and desire to increase stamina. From our study, we found that far access to primary care, no health
Steroids are used in almost all medical specialties. insurance, availability of steroid over the counter, In US, Overman reported 1.2% of the populations were the factors that affected steroid usage in most consume long term glucocorticoids (4). In UK, Staa subjects. et al. (2000) reported percentages of 0.85-0.9%, mostly in aged 70–79 years people (5). Gudborjnsoon
Clinicians must be aware of this condition as steroid showed that most patients use more than one GC had many devastating side effects. Knowledge of with mean average of 47 months intake (6). steroid use was also still low. Despite mostly knew that steroid can cause weight gain and moon face,
In our observational study priorly, we found that they did not know about the increase risk of diabetes almost all reproductive aged farmers in South Securai m e llitu s, de layed gr owt h, lo we r m as s d ens it y, village consumed analgesics. They suffered from joint hypertension about what they were consumed.
Sarma Nursani Lumbanraja
Citra Aryanti Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology
University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia Email: [email protected]
References
1 . Sarganas G, Buttery AK, Zhuang W , W olf IK, Grams D, p o p u l a t i o n : I m p a c t o f g e n d e r , a g e , e x e r c i s e a n d
Ros ar io A S , e t al. P r evalenc e, t rends , pat t ern s and pres cription of opioids. BMC Public Health 2015; 15: a s s o c i a t i o n s o f a n a l g e s i c u s e i n G e r m a n y . B M C 461–470.Pharmacol and Toxicology 2015; 16: 28–31.
3 . Ely LS, Engroff P, Guiselli SR, Cardoso GC, Morrone FB
2 . D a l e O , B o r c h r e v i n k P C , F r e d h e i m O V , M a h i c M , & Carli GA. Use of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs Romunstad P &Skurtveit S. Prevalence of use of non- in an elderly population registered with a Family Health p r e s c r i p t i o n a n a l g e s i c s i n t h e N o r w e g i a n H U N T 3 Program. Rev Bras Ger Gerontol 2015; 18(3): 475–485. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 60(3) Letter to Editor 303 4 . Ove rm an R A , Y eh J Y , D eal C L. P re valenc e of O ral
Glucocorticoid Usage in the United States: A General Population Perspective. Arthritis Care & Research 2013; 65(2): 294–298. 5 . Van Staa TP, Leufkens HG, Abenhaim L, Begaud B, Zhang
6 . Gudbjornsson B, Juliusson UI, Gudjonsson FV. Prevalence of long t erm s t eroid t reat m ent and t he f requenc y of decision making to prevent steroid induced osteoporosis in daily clin- ical practice. Ann Rheum Dis 2002; 61: 32–36.