RELEASE Trends in Public Perception of Corruption in Indonesia 10 Dec 2018 eng

  Jl. Cikini V No. 15A, Menteng – Jakarta Pusat Telp: (021) 31927996/98, Fax: (021) 3143867 Website: www.lsi.or.id , Email: info@lsi.or.id Survey period October 8-24 th

   2018

  Introduction

• • The National Strategy for Corruption Prevention (Stranas PK) has been

  announced. Based on Presidential Regulation No. 54 of 2018 signed by President Joko Widodo on July 20, 2018, the National Strategy for PK is intended to strengthen the government's efforts to prevent corruption from upstream and have a broad impact on public life.

• • In the National Strategy Committee, there are three focuses of synergy in the

  context of preventing corruption, namely licensing and trade systems, state finance, and law enforcement and bureaucratic reform.

• • Although the National Strategy for the PK was only announced, efforts to

  eradicate corruption have been going on since the beginning of the reform. Therefore, it becomes a question about the extent to which corruption eradication performance is known and evaluated by the public in general. Then, how do people assess the performance of various institutions, especially the KPK, in combating corruption. Furthermore, how is the attitude of society towards corruption and how community participation in eradicating, or vice versa, contributes to corruption.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Introduction

• • To be able to answer these questions, a public opinion survey on anti-corruption

  was carried out. The survey can be one measure of the success of eradicating corruption in Indonesia according to the general public. In addition, surveys have been conducted for three consecutive years, namely 2016, 2017 and 2018 so that the trend of public opinion on anti-corruption is obtained.

• • Because the population of this survey is the general public, the type of

  corruption that is asked more about experience is petty corruption. In the Stranas PK, the experience of corruption is related to law enforcement and bureaucratic reform.

• • The results of this survey are used as one of the ingredients to make a more

  effective anti-corruption strategy for the wider community.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Method

• • The population of this survey was all Indonesian citizens who were 19 years older

  when the survey was conducted.

• • The number of samples were 2.000 respondents, with multi-stage random sampling

  method, and margin of error (MoE) of ± 2.2% - assuming simple random sampling - at 95 percent confidence level.

• • Additional 380 respondents (over sample) were randomly selected in each of six

  provinces namely Aceh, North Sumatera, Riau, Banten, East Java, and North Maluku. The margin of error of this oversampled provinces were predicted ±5.1% at 95% confidence level.

• • Selected respondents were interviewed face-to-face by trained interviewers, one

  interviewer for one village which consists of 10 respondents.

• • Quality control of interview result was done randomly to 20% from total samples by

  supervisor by re-checking the selected respondents (spot check), to 10% from total enumerators in 80 PSU by supervised the interview process, and to 10% of total

  samples by called them back. In these quality control, no significant error found.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Note

• • In this report, trend data will be displayed from the results of the 2016 and 2017

  surveys. Both of these results were obtained from surveys conducted by institutions other than LSI, namely CSIS (2016) and Polling Center (2017).

• • This presentation will cover the result of the national survey and its trends, and

  not yet cover the oversample data.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18 Population of villages (Desa/Kelurahan) in the national level Villages in the province were randomly and proportionally selected

  2 households (KK) were randomly selected from each neighborhoods 1 respondent was randomly selected from each household, male or female

  Vil 1 … Vil n Prov 1 Vil 1 … Vil m Prov k … … RT1 RT2 RT3 …. RT5 HH1 HH2 Male Female 5 neighborhoods (RT) were randomly selected from each village

  Flow chart of sample selection

  6

  Sample Validation

  Comparison of Demographic Profile of LSI Sample and Population from BPS National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Category Sample Population Category Sample Population Male 50,1 50,1 Java 41,5 40,2 Female 49,9 49,9 Sunda 16,2 15,5

ETHNICITY GENDER RURAL-URBAN RELIGION

  Betawi 3,2 2,9 Rural 49,5 50,2 Minang 2,9 2,7 Urban 50,5 49,8 Bugis 3,0 2,7 Madura 3,2 3,0 Islam 89,1 87,5 Batak 3,4 3,6 Protestan/Katolik 9,1 9,9 Other 26,6 29,4 Other 1,8 2,6

PROVINSI PROVINSI

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18 Comparison of Demographic Profile of LSI Sample and Population from BPS CATEGORY SAMPLE POPULATION CATEGORY SAMPLE POPULATION

  Aceh 2,0 1,9 NTB 2,0 1,9 North Sumatera 5,5 5,5 NTT 2,0 2,0 West Sumatera 2,0 2,0 West Kalimantan 2,0 1,8 Riau 2,0 2,3 Central Kalimantan 1,0 0,9 Jambi 1,5 1,3 South Kalimantan 1,5 1,5 South Sumatera 3,0 3,1 East Kalimantan 1,5 1,3 Bengkulu 0,5 0,7 North Sulawesi 1,0 1,0 Lampung 3,0 3,2 Central Sulawesi 1,0 1,1 Bangka Belitung 0,5 0,5 South Sulawesi 3,5 3,4 Riau Islands 0,5 0,7 South East Sulawesi 1,0 0,9 DKI Jakarta 4,0 4,0 Gorontalo 0,5 0,4 West Java 18,0 18,1 West Sulawesi 0,5 0,5 Central Java 13,5 13,6 Maluku 0,5 0,6 DI Yogyakarta 1,5 1,5 North Maluku 0,5 0,4 East Java 16,5 15,8 Papua 1,0 1,2 Banten 4,0 4,5 West Papua 0,5 0,3 Bali 1,5 1,6 North Kalimantan 0,5 0,2

EVALUATION OF GOVERNMENT

  

PERFORMANCE

  Government Performance

V_11. In the past year, how is the performance of government of President Jokowi in working to

overcome the following problems now compared to last year.?

  … (%) Better No change Worse DK/NA Build public roads

  72

  20

  6

  3 Make the health service in the puskesmas / hospital affordable for the

  66

  23

  6

  4

  general public Build a power plant

  59

  23

  5

  14 Building toll roads outside Java

  57

  13

  3

  27 Build trans / cross roads between provinces outside Java

  57

  14

  3

  26 Making schools and colleges affordable for citizens

  52

  26

  7

  14 Providing public transportation facilities

  52

  31

  9

  9 Responding to public complaints regarding public services

  50

  26

  8

  17 Uphold the law against perpetrators of corruption

  44

  25

  16

  15 Prevent corruption

  43

  25

  18

  14 Making prices for basic necessities to be affordable to the general public

  34

  35

  29

  2 Providing employment

  37

  27

  7

  28 0,0 0,1 0,2 0,3 0,4 0,5 0,6 0,7 0,8 0,9 1,0

Government performance is considered very good in infrastructure and services to the community.

  

However, in preventing corruption and enforcing the law against perpetrators of corruption still

need to be improved.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Findings

 Government performance is considered very good in infrastructure and

services to the community. However, in preventing corruption and enforcing the law against perpetrators of corruption still need to be improved.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

PERCEPTION OF CORRUPTION LEVELS

  Corruption Rate in the Last Two Years

V_32. In the past two years, how do you think the level of corruption in Indonesia today, whether it

increases, decreases, or does not change? ... (%)

  

Increasing Decreasing Not change DK/NA

100

  80

  60

  52

  40

  24

  21

  20

  3 Increasing Decreasing Not change DK/NA The majority of respondents rate the level of corruption increases.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  

V_32. In the past two years, how do you think the level of corruption in Indonesia today, whether it

increases, decreases, or does not change? ... (%)

Trends in Corruption Rate

  21

  80 100

  60

  40

  20

  55

  70

  13

  11

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  18

  32

  24

  52

  3

  1

  The majority of respondents rate the level of corruption increases. But compared to the corruption trend in the past two years, the perception of corruption has declined. On the contrary, citizens who assessed the level of corruption declined or did not experience more changes.

  Tahun 2016 Tahun 2017 Tahun 2018 DK/NA Not change Decreasing Increasing

  Knowledge of the Steps to Eradicate Corruption and Its Effectiveness in Various Institutions

  V_68. Do you know that the following institutions are taking steps to eradicate corruption? If yes, has the activity been effective? ... (%)

  81 Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK)

  85

  57 President

  76

  54 Police

  66

  40 Supreme Audit Agency (BPK)

  70

  36 attorney General's Office

  66

  36 Court

  68

  36 Local government

  63

  32 Supreme Court

  71

  32 Mass media

  68

  45

  32 House of Representatives (DPR) / Regional People's Representative…

  30 Ministry / institution

  64

  27 Financial Supervisory Agency and BPKP Development

  66

  26 Non-Governmental Organizations / Community Organizations

  68

  24 KPU

  68

  23 political parties

  45

  23 NU

  70

  22 MUI

  67

  22 BAWASLU

  70

  20 Muhammadiyah

  67

  17 Republic of Indonesia Ombudsman (ORI)

  65

  17 Private companies _{25 50}

  58 _{75 100}

AWARE Effective (from them who AWARE)

  

The KPK is most widely known (81%) as institutions that carry out corruption eradication measures and

considered the most effective in doing so (85%) of those who know it.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Findings

 The majority of citizens consider the level of corruption to increase. But

compared to the corruption trend in the past two years, the perception of corruption has declined. On the contrary, citizens who assessed the level of corruption declined or did not experience more changes.

  

 The KPK is the most widely known (81%) as institutions that carry out

corruption eradication measures and most are considered effective in doing so (85%) of those who know it. Other institutions have begun to find out their efforts to tackle corruption even though there are not yet very many people who know.

  

 Knowledge and assessment of citizens towards KPK's corruption eradication

steps and various institutions that are beginning to be felt contribute to a decrease in the level of corruption perceived by citizens.

  Rilis Tren Persepsi Korupsi 10 Des '18

UNDERSTANDING AND PERCEPTION OF

  

CORRUPTION ERADICATION ACTIVITIES BY

GOVERNMENT

  Perception Trend on the Seriousness of the Central Government Against Corruption

V_66A. In your opinion, is Central Government serious enough to fight corruption? ... (%)

  DK/NA Not serious + Very not serious Very serious + Serious 100

  80

  68

  69

  60

  40

  19

  20

  24

  12

  8

  2017 2018

  The majority of citizens consider the central government serious / very serious against corruption, relatively the same as last year.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

V_66A-V_66C.

  In your opinion, is …. Government serious enough to fight corruption? ...(%)

The Government's Seriousness Against Corruption

  62

  63

  69

  20

  20

  19

  18

  17

  12

  0.0 ^{0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0} District/Municipality Provincial Central

  

Very serious + Serious Not serious + Very not serious DK/NA

National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  The Central Government is at most assessed Serious / very serious (69%) in fighting corruption, only then the provincial government (63%), and the District / City Government (62%).

  Spread of Practice of Corruption and Bribery in Government

  V_27. According to you, how widespread is the practice of corruption and bribery spread in the government ............? "There is no / almost no one who is corrupt or accepts bribes", "There are a small number local government officials who are corrupt or accept bribes", "There are lots of local officials who commit corruption or accept bribes", or "All / almost all local government officials are corrupt or accept bribes ”?...(%)

  50

  38

  40

  35

  34

  34

  32

  29

  29

  28

  28

  27

  30

  25

  23

  24

  22

  18

  20

  15

  14

  10

  8

  7

  10

  6

  5

  4

  3

  3 There is no / almost no There are a small number There are lots of local All / almost all local DK/NA one who is corrupt or of employees / local officials who commit government officials are accepts bribes government officials who corruption or accept corrupt or accept bribes are corrupt or accept bribes bribes

  Central Province District Sub-district Kelurahan/village The practice of corruption is assessed more broadly at higher levels of government.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Findings

 The majority of citizens consider the central government serious / very serious

against corruption, relatively the same as last year.

  

 The Central Government is at most assessed Serious / very serious (69%) in

fighting corruption, only then the provincial government (63%), and the District / City Government (62%).

  

 The practice of corruption is valued more broadly at higher levels of

government. On the contrary, the closer the level of government to citizens, the more judged to be cleaner than corruption.

  

 This shows that corruption is considered a practice that is far from the citizens,

only at the center.

  Rilis Tren Persepsi Korupsi 10 Des '18

CORRUPTION AS EXPERIENCED AND

  Opinion about Bribery and Gratification

V_30. In your opinion, is it normal or unnatural for Indonesian people to give something like: money,

goods, entertainment, gifts outside the requirement/rules to expedite the process or as a form of

gratitude when dealing with government agencies?... (%)

  Acceptable Unacceptable DK/NA

  100

  80

  

63

  60

  34

  40

  20

  3 Acceptable Unacceptable DK/NA

  Mayoritas warga, 63%, menilai pemberian uang atau hadiah ketika berhubungan dengan instansi pemerintah adalah tindakan yang tidak wajar. Yang menjawab wajar 34%, dan tidak tahu 3%. Dibanding tahun lalu toleransi terhadap suap dan gratifikasi cenderung naik.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  Trends in Opinion about Bribery and Gratification

V_30. In your opinion, is it normal or unnatural for Indonesian people to give something like: money,

goods, entertainment, gifts outside the requirement/rules to expedite the process or as a form of

gratitude when dealing with government agencies?... (%)

  

Acceptable Unacceptable DK/NA

100

  80

  69

  

69

  63

  60

  40

  34

  30

  

26

  20

  5

  3

  1 2016 2017 2018

  Mayoritas warga, 63%, menilai pemberian uang atau hadiah ketika berhubungan dengan instansi pemerintah adalah tindakan yang tidak wajar. Yang menjawab wajar 34%, dan tidak tahu 3%. Dibanding tahun lalu toleransi terhadap suap dan gratifikasi cenderung naik.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  Trends in Opinion about Collusion

V_31. What is your opinion about the use of personal relationships (through acquaintances or family)

to expedite the process of managing an interest? It is…... (%)

  100

  2016

  80

  60

  51

  43

  43 2017

  40

  30

  30

  

20

  20

  13

  12

  12

  11

  9

  8

  6

  6

  5

  1 2018

  A crime Unethical Actions that need Normal Others DK/RA to be done to expedite the process

  The majority of citizens, 55%, argue that collusion is a negative act (12% crime + 43% unethical). While around 39% of citizens considered collusion was not a negative action (9% of actions that needed to be done

• 30% were normal).

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Witness of Corruption Practices V_28. Are you or someone you know personally, have witnessed the practice of corruption or bribery by a government employee or state official for the past year?

  … (%)

  100

  75

  80

  60

  40

  20

  12

  6

  4

  2

  1 Yes, I have I have never seen it I and someone I Don't understand Do not know Refuse to answer witnessed it myself myself, but know personally the question someone I know have never personally witnessed it witnessed it

The majority of respondents (75%) claimed themselves and those who were known personally no one had

witnessed the practice of corruption or bribery by a government employee or state apparatus in the past year.

About 4% claimed to have witnessed it themselves, and 6% said that other people he knew had witnessed corrupt

practices.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  … cont’d: Witness of Corruption Practices V_29. If YES: Do you personally witness or you were told by family members or close friends who

personally witness it. (answers can be more than one)

  Base: Respondent who answers “YES”

  100

  80

  60

  40

  36

  40

  25

  20

  6

  2

  1 Witness it myself Told by family Told by friends Do not Refuse to answer Don’t know member who who witness it understand the witness it question

Of the total 10% of citizens who know there is corruption, 40% of them witness themselves, 25% are told by family members, and 36% are told

by friends.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Findings

 The majority of citizens, 63%, consider giving money or gifts when dealing with

government agencies is an unnatural act. The answer is 34% reasonable, and does not know 3%. Compared to last year, tolerance for bribery and gratification tended to rise.

  

 The majority of citizens, 55%, argue that collusion is a negative act (12% crime +

43% unethical). While around 39% of citizens considered collusion was not a negative action (9% of actions that needed to be done + 30% were normal).

  

 The majority of respondents (75%) claimed themselves and those who were known

personally no one had witnessed the practice of corruption or bribery by a government employee or state apparatus in the past year. About 4% claimed to have witnessed it themselves, and 6% said that other people he knew had witnessed corrupt practices.

  

 Of the total 10% of citizens who know there is corruption, 40% of them witness

themselves, 25% are told by family members, and 36% are told by friends National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Citizen Interaction with Government

Employees and the Probability of Extortion

and Gratification

  Citizen Interaction with Government Employees and the Probability of Extortion and Gratification

  V_36. In the past 1 year, have you ever contacted government officials in the matter below? (Read A-I) ... (%) V_37. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government employees, Have you ever been asked to give a gift / money to get the services you need other than the official fee? ... (%)

  V_40. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government employees, Have you ever given gifts / money to get services that you needed without being asked by a government employee? ... (%)

  49 To obtain health services

  5 Take care of administrative completeness (KTP, KK,

  46

  17 Birth Certificate)

  Dealing with the administration department or the

  27

  8

  teacher in a public school Have been in contact with

  government employees

  13 Dealing with the police

  34

  6 Dealing with the State University

  6 Ever been asked for money / gifts outside official fees (from those who have been in contact)

  5 Looking for work in government agencies

  19

  3 Dealing with the court ₂₅

  25.7 _{50 75 100}

  Citizens mostly deal with government employees to obtain health services, administer administrative supplies, deal with public schools, and deal with the police. The probability of being asked for money outside the official costs is greatest when dealing with the police.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Citizen Interaction with Government Employees and the Probability of Extortion and Gratification

  V_36. In the past 1 year, have you ever contacted government officials in the matter below? (Read A-I) ... (%) V_37. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government employees, Have you ever been asked to give a gift / money to get the services you need other than the official fee? ... (%)

  V_40. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government employees, Have you ever given gifts / money to get services that you needed without being asked by a government employee? ... (%)

  49 To obtain health services

  6 Take care of administrative completeness (KTP, KK,

  46

  16 Birth Certificate)

  Dealing with the administration department or the

  27 Have been in contact with

  6

  teacher in a public school

  government employees

  13 Dealing with the police

  16

  6 Dealing with the State University Ever give money / gifts outside

  6 official fees without being asked (from those who have been in

  5 Looking for work in government agencies contact)

  7

  3 Dealing with the court

  3 _{25 50 75 100}

  Citizens mostly deal with government employees to obtain health services, administer administrative supplies, deal with public schools, and deal with the police. the probability of giving money outside official fees without being asked the most when arranging administrative completeness and dealing with the police.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Interaction and Probability / Gratification when Obtaining Health Services

  V_36. In the past 1 year, have V_37. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with

  V_40. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government you ever contacted government employees, Have you employees, Have you ever given gifts / money government officials in the ever been asked to give a gift / money to get services that you needed without being matter below? (Read A-I) ... to get the services you need other asked by a government employee? ... (%)

  (%) than the official fee? ... (%)

  95

  100

  94

  80

  60

  51

  49

  40 YES

  20

  6

5 YES NO YES NO YES NO

  As many as 49% of citizens have dealt with health services from the government. Among those who had contact, 5% had been asked for money / prizes outside of official fees, and 6% had given money without being asked.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  Interaction and Probability / Gratification when Managing Completeness of Public Administration (KTP, KK, Akta Kelahiran)

  V_36. In the past 1 year, have V_37. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with V_40. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government you ever contacted government employees, Have you employees, Have you ever given gifts / money government officials in the ever been asked to give a gift / money to get services that you needed without being matter below? (Read A-I) ... to get the services you need other asked by a government employee? ... (%)

  (%) than the official fee? ... (%) 100

  84

  83

  80

  60

  54

  46

  40 YES

  17

  16

  20 YES NO YES NO YES NO As many as 46% of citizens have dealt with public administration officer. Among those who had contact, 17% had been asked for money / prizes outside of official fees, and 16% had given money without being asked.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  

Interaction and Probability / Gratification when Relating to

Public Schools

  V_36. In the past 1 year, have V_37. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with V_40. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government you ever contacted government employees, Have you employees, Have you ever given gifts / money government officials in the ever been asked to give a gift / money to get services that you needed without being matter below? (Read A-I) ... to get the services you need other asked by a government employee? ... (%) than the official fee? ... (%)

  (%) 100

  94

  92

  80

  73

  60

  40 YES

  27

  20

  8

  6 YES NO YES NO YES NO

  27% of citizens have dealt with administrative staff or teachers in public schools. Among those who had contact, 8% had been asked for money / gifts outside official fees, and 6% had given money without being asked.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  

Interactions and Probabilities of Bribery / Gratification when

dealing with the Police

  V_36. In the past 1 year, have V_37. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with V_40. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government you ever contacted government employees, Have you employees, Have you ever given gifts / money government officials in the ever been asked to give a gift / money to get services that you needed without being matter below? (Read A-I) ... to get the services you need other asked by a government employee? ... (%) than the official fee? ... (%)

  (%) 100

  87

  84

  80

  66

  60

  40 YES

  35

  16

  20

13 YES NO YES NO YES NO

  13% of citizens have dealt with the police. Among those who had contact, 35% had been asked for money / gifts outside official fees, and 16% had given money without being asked.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  

Interaction and Probability / Gratification when dealing with

State Universities

  V_36. In the past 1 year, have V_37. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with

  V_40. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government you ever contacted government employees, Have you employees, Have you ever given gifts / money government officials in the ever been asked to give a gift / money to get services that you needed without being matter below? (Read A-I) ... to get the services you need other asked by a government employee? ... (%)

  (%) than the official fee? ... (%) 100

  94

  94

  94

  80

  60

  40 YES

  20

  6

  6

6 YES NO YES NO YES NO

  As many as 6% of citizens have dealt with state universities. Among those who had contact, 6% had been asked for money / prizes outside official fees, and 6% had given money without being asked.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  Interaction and Probability / Gratification when Seeking Work in Government Institutions (PNS)

  V_36. In the past 1 year, have V_37. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with V_40. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government you ever contacted government employees, Have you employees, Have you ever given gifts / money government officials in the ever been asked to give a gift / money to get services that you needed without being matter below? (Read A-I) ... to get the services you need other asked by a government employee? ... (%)

  (%) than the official fee? ... (%)

  95

  100

  94

  81

  80

  60

  40 YES

  19

  20

  7

5 YES NO YES NO YES NO

  As many as 5% of citizens have dealt with officers when looking for work in government institutions. Among those who had contact, 19% had been asked for money / gifts outside official fees, and 7% had given money without being asked.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18

  

Interactions and Probabilities of Bribery / Gratification when

dealing with Courts

  V_36. In the past 1 year, have V_37. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with

  V_40. IF HAVE BEEN in contact with government you ever contacted government employees, Have you employees, Have you ever given gifts / money government officials in the ever been asked to give a gift / money to get services that you needed without being matter below? (Read A-I) ... to get the services you need other asked by a government employee? ... (%)

  (%) than the official fee? ... (%)

  97

  97

  100

  80

  74

  60

  40 YES

  26

  20

  3

3 YES NO YES NO YES NO

  As many as 3% of citizens have dealt with the court. Among those who had contact, 26% had been asked for money / gifts outside official fees, and 3% had given money without being asked.

  Surnas Anti-Korupsi Okt '18 V_41. [Specifically for respondents who answered "have given" a gift / money when asked for one of the

  response between No. 38 A-I]. Earlier you answered that you gave gifts / money when asked to get the

  services you need outside of official fees. What are the main reasons for giving gifts / money? ... (%)

  (Answers can be more than one) Reason to Give Money after Being Requested

  2

  8

  

4

  8

  10

  14

  61

  10 ^{20 30 40 50 60 DK 70 RA Others I am not comfortable refusing because I know the officer The amount requested is not much I consider it as alms to the officer As far as I know, officers are used to asking and ordinary citizens give I was worried that my business would be complicated if I did not give the requested money So that my business will be finished quickly} National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  

The reason for the majority of respondents who have given gifts / money when asked is that the affairs can be

completed quickly (61%). V_44. [Specifically for respondents who answered "YES" to one of number 40 A-I]. Earlier you answered that you or your family had given a gift / money to get the services you need without being asked by government employees. What are the main reasons you give gifts / money to get services that you need without being asked by government employees? ... (%)

  (Answers can be more than one)

  Reasons for Giving Money without Being Asked

  1

  10

  14

  3

  14

  29

  30

  5 ^{10 15 20 25 30 35} RA DK Others My family or I have often heard that the agency is unfacilitating if you don't give money I or family are used to doing it No problem giving almsgiving to the officer who helped me So that the services that I or my family need can be administered faster

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

The reason for the majority of respondents who have given gifts / money without being asked is that the required

service be completed quickly (30%), then consider the gift to be a alms giving for assisting officers (29%).

  Findings

 Citizens mostly deal with government employees to obtain health services,

administer public administration facilities, deal with public schools, and deal with the police. The probability of being asked for money outside the official costs is greatest when dealing with the police. Whereas the probability of giving money outside official fees without being asked the most when handling administrative requirements and dealing with the police.

  

 The reason for the majority of respondents who have given gifts / money when

asked is that the business be completed quickly (61%).

  

 The reason for the majority of respondents who have given gifts / money without

being asked is that the required service be completed quickly (30%), then consider the gift to be a rizki for assisting officers (29%).

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

RESPONSIBILITY TO ERRADICATE CORRUPTION

  The Most Responsible Agency to Combat Corruption

  V_67. In your opinion, who is responsible for dealing with the problem of corruption in Indonesia? ... (%)

  

(PROBING MAXIMUM THREE ANSWERS)

  75 Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK)

  63

  29 Police

  28

  28 President

  37

  17 Supreme Audit Agency (BPK)

  15

  10

  attorney General's Office

  8

  10 Society

  6 House of Representatives (DPR)

  8

  5 Supreme Court

  4 Local government

  13

  4 Myself 2018

  3 Ministry / institution

  3 Non-Governmental Organizations / Community Organizations

  15

  3 Mass media

  2 2017

  political parties

  1 Republic of Indonesia Ombudsman (ORI)

  Private companies

  7 DK

  0.4 RA _{25 50 75 100}

The KPK is considered the most responsible for dealing with corruption (75%), then Police 29%, President

28%, BPK 17%, Attorney General's Office 10%, and Society 10%.

  National Survey: Anti-Corruption, Oct '18

  Level of Trust in State Institutions (1)

V_82. How trustful are you with the institutions below? ... (%)

  

Strongly trust + Trust Distrust + Strongly distrust DK/RA

Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK) ^{85 4 11} President _{84 8 8} Police _{75 17 9} Indonesian Religious Leader ^{73 8 19} Local government ^{73 14 13} Nahdlatul Ulama (NU)

₇₁

_{9 20} Supreme Audit Agency (BPK)

₇₀

_{7 22} Court

⁷⁰

^{12 18} Ministry / Agencies

⁷⁰

^{11 19} Supreme Court _{0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3}

₆₉