PART - 1
L A P O R A N TA H U N A N
ANNUAL REPORT
2008
G
R
O
U
O
P
D A F TA R I S I
DAFTAR ISI
CONTENTS
2
VISI DAN MISI
3
SEJARAH PERSEROAN
5
PERJALANAN PERSEROAN
7
IKHTISAR KEUANGAN
8
INDIKATOR KEUANGAN
9
TINJAUAN PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA
16
PERKEMBANGAN HARGA SAHAM SDRA 2008
18
WILAYAH KERJA
19
TANGGUNG JAWAB MANAJEMEN ATAS LAPORAN TAHUNAN
21
STRUKTUR ORGANISASI
24
PENGHARGAAN
26
LAPORAN DEWAN KOMISARIS
29
LAPORAN DIREKSI
VISION AND MISSION
CORPORATE HISTORY
CORPORATE TIMELINE
FINANCIAL SUMMARY
FINANCIAL INDICATOR
A REVIEW OF THE INDONESIAN ECONOMY
SDRA STOCK PRICE DEVELOPMENT IN 2008
WORK AREA
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
AWARD
REPORT FROM BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
REPORT FROM BOARD OF DIRECTORS
35 LAPORAN KEGIATAN PERUSAHAAN
COMPANY ACTIVITY REPORT
36
BISNIS
49
SISTEM DAN TEKNOLOGI
SYSTEM AND TECHNOLOGY
50
SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA
HUMAN RESOURCE
54
TREASURY DAN TRANSAKSI LUAR NEGERI
BUSINESS
59 LAPORAN TUGAS PENGAWASAN
60
MANAJEMEN RISIKO
67
TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN
TREASURY AND INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTION
SUPERVISION REPORT
RISK MANAGEMENT
GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
85 TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL DAN LINGKUNGAN
86
RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANNUAL REPORT
TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL & LINGKUNGAN
91 JARINGAN DAN LAYANAN
95 LAPORAN KEUANGAN
97 DATA PERSEROAN
98
DEWAN KOMISARIS
99
DIREKSI
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)
CORPORATE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY
NETWORK AND SERVICES
FINANCIAL REPORT
CORPORATE DATA
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
100
DIVISI DAN PEJABAT EKSEKUTIF
106
PEMIMPIN CABANG
DIVISION AND SENIOR EXECUTIVE
BRANCH MANAGER
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
1
Contents
01
Visi
Vision
Pelopor institusi keuangan yang menjadi bank berkinerja baik dan sehat
·“A pioneering financial institution has now become a well performing and healthy bank”
Misi
Mission
Memenuhi harapan stakeholder dalam usaha perbankan dengan 5 (lima) pilar :
To fulfill the stakeholders hopes for the banking business through the following 5 (five) pillars”
Menjaga kepercayaan masyarakat
“Safeguard public trust”
Memberikan pelayanan secara personal
Provide personalized services
Peningkatan kualitas manajemen dan operasional perbankan
Improve management quality and banking operations
Melestarikan usaha perbankan dengan nilai-nilai tata kelola
perusahaan (good corporate governance) yang baik
Preserve the banking industry through good corporate governance values
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
02
Pelopor jasa keuangan yang berkembang dan inovatif
A Pioneer in financial services that continues to grow and innovate
Sejarah Perseroan
SEJARAH PERSEROAN
CORPORATE HISTORY
PT BANK HIMPUNAN SAUDARA 1906, Tbk pertama kali
didirikan pada tahun 1906 dengan nama Vereeniging
Himpoenan Soedara oleh para saudagar batik dan kulit di
Bandung dan sekitarnya, dengan tujuan utama untuk
menyalurkan usaha jasa keuangan secara simpan pinjam.
Perkumpulan ini berdiri atas prakarsa 3 orang kaum
saudagar saat itu, H. Basoeni, T.H. Damiri dan H. Badjoeri
yang saat itu berkeinginan untuk mengadakan satu
perkumpulan dalam kalangan kaum saudagar, karena
memiliki persamaan atas keinginan tersebut maka
dicarinya beberapa saudagar lainnya hingga terkumpul
sebanyak 10 orang saudagar.
PT BANK HIMPUNAN SAUDARA 1906, Tbk was
established in 1906 under the name of Vereeniging
Himpoenan Soedara by batik and leather merchants in
Bandung and its vicinity area with the main purpose of
providing access to financial services through taking
deposits and providing loans. This association was formed
through the initiative of 3 entrepreneurs: H. Basoeni, T.H.
Damiri, and H. Badjoeri who at the time wanted to forma
merchant association. Driven with a common purpose and
goal, the number of Founders eventually became 10
merchants.
Pada tahun 1908, perkumpulan ini juga aktif berperan
dalam pergerakan nasional sebagai mitra dari
perkumpulan Boedi Oetomo di daerah Jawa Barat yang
bergerak di bidang perekonomian. Perkumpulan ini
semakin berkembang dan pada tahun 1912 yang saat itu
usahanya terbatas pada simpan pinjam, mengajukan
permohonan untuk mendapat pengesahan sebagai badan
hukum dan dikabulkannya permohonan tersebut dengan
pengesahan Anggaran Dasarnya berdasarkan
Goverment Besluit No.33 tanggal 04 Oktober 1913.
In 1908, the association also played an active role in the
national movement as partner to the Boedi Oetomo
movement in West Java which focused on the economic
field. The association's growth continued until 1912 when
the associati sought to expand its business, which at that
time was limited taking deposits and providing loans, by
seeking permit to be recognized as a legal entity which was
subsequently obtained through the legalization of its
Articles of Association by virtue of Goverment Besluit
(Government Decision) No. 33 dated 04 October 1913.
Seiring dengan Kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia, pada
tahun 1955 dengan berlakunya Peraturan Pemerintah
No. 1 Tahun 1955 Lembaran Negara No. 2, tentang
Pengawasan Terhadap Urusan Kredit, yang menetapkan
bahwa semua perusahaan dan badan yang mengadakan
usaha-usaha untuk memberikan kredit atas tanggungan
pendiri adalah Bank Tabungan, maka pada tanggal 11
Nopember 1955 Menteri Keuangan memberi izin kepada
Himpunan Saudara untuk melakukan usaha bank
tabungan dengan daya laku surut mulai tanggal 04
Februari 1955.
With the Republic of Indonesia's Independence, in 1955
upon the effectivity of Government Regulation No.1 of 1955
State Gazette No.2, in relation to Supervision concerning
Loan Activity that states that all companies and entities in
which its activities are to provide loan at the founder's
expense are deemed as Savings Banks (Bank Tabungan),
thus on 11 November 1955, the Minister of Finance issued a
permit to Himpunan Saudara to operate as savings bank
effective 4 February 1955.
Pada tahun 1967, dengan berlakunya Undang-Undang No.
14 tentang Pokok-Pokok Perbankan beserta peraturan
pelaksanaannya, dalam hal ini Keputusan Menteri
Keuangan tertanggal 18 Desember 1968, Himpunan
Saudara diwajibkan mengubah bentuk hukumnya dari
Perkumpulan menjadi Perseroan Terbatas. Pada tanggal
15 Juni 1974, Perkumpulan Himpunan Saudara secara
formil dibubarkan dan pada saat bersamaan itu pula
didirikannya Himpunan Saudara dalam bentuk hukumnya
yang baru dengan nama PT. Bank Tabungan Himpunan
Saudara (HS) 1906.
In 1967, by virtue of Law No. 14 concerning the Main
Aspects of Banking along with its operational regulations, in
this respect the Minister of Finance's Decree dated 18
December 1968, Himpunan Saudara was required to
change its legal status from being an Association
(perkumpulan) to a Limited Liability Company. On 15 June
1974, Perkumpulan Himpunan Saudara was formally
disbanded and at the same time Himpunan Saudara was
formed under the legally recognized new name, PT Bank
Tabungan Himpunan Saudara (Hq 1906.
Dengan semakin berkembangnya usaha, maka pada
bulan April 1992 PT Bank Tabungan Himpunan Saudara
(HS) 1906 berubah menjadi PT. Bank HS 1906 dengan
adanya penyertaan modal serta manajemen /
kepengurusan oleh MEDCO Group (perusahaan swasta
nasional yang bergerak dalam bidang perminyakan dan
gas bumi serta kontraktor) dan pada bulan Juli 1993
dengan berlakunya Undang-Undang Perbankan No. 7/92
berdasarkan SK Menteri Keuangan No.
Kep.067/KM.17/1993.
With the Bank's growth, PT Bank Tabungan Himpunan
Saudara (HS) 1906 was subsequently changed to PT Bank
HS 1906 in April 1992 with Medco's Group (a privatelyowned local company that operates in the oil & natural gas
and contracting businesses) investment as well as
placement of management. In July 1993, by virtue of
Banking Law No. 7/92 based on the Minister of Finance's
Decree No. Kep.0671KM. 1711993
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
Corporate History
03
PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 beroperasi sebagai
Bank Umum yang peresmiannya dilakukan oleh Drs.
Mar'ie Muhammad yang saat itu menjabat Menteri
Keuangan Republik Indonesia.
PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 officially began
operations as a Commercial Bank, and the Bank's opening
ceremony was conducted by of Drs. Marie Muhammad
who, at the time, was the Minister of Finance of the
Republic of Indonesia.
Pada tahun 2006 bertepatan dengan 100 tahun usianya,
PT. Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 mengubah nama
panggilan/call name menjadi BANK SAUDARA tetapi
dengan bentuk hukum tetap atau tidak berubah, dan
bersamaan itu pula diikuti dengan perubahan logo
perusahaan. Pada tahun yang sama, dalam upaya
peningkatan kinerja perusahaan serta menjadi
perusahaan yang terbuka dan dimiliki oleh publik, pada
tanggal 15 Desember 2006 melakukan penawaran harga
saham perdana perseroan kepada masyarakat umum
(Initial Public Offering) dan menjadi salah satu
perusahaan terbuka yang tercatat pada Bursa Efek Jakarta
(BEJ) dengan sandi/kode SDRA.
In 2006, coinciding with the bank's 100th anniversary, PT
Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 changed its call name to
BANK SAUDARA and launched its new company logo
while its legal entity remained the same or unchanged.
During the same year, in its effort to boost its performance
and become a public company, on 15 December 2006, the
Bank offered its shares to the public through an Initial Public
Offering. The Bank became one of the public companies
listed on the Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSX) under the code
SDRA.
Saat ini, PT. Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906, Tbk (BANK
SAUDARA) dipimpin oleh Dewan Komisaris dan
Manajemen yang memiliki kompetensi dan pengalaman di
bidang perbankan. Komisaris Utama saat ini dijabat oleh R.
Maulana Ibrahim, SE AK., MA., serta Maskan Iskandar,
SH dan DR. H. Uce Karna Suganda, MM menjabat
sebagai Komisaris (Komisaris Independen), sedangkan
untuk jajaran Direksi saat ini Direktur Utama dijabat oleh
Farid Rahman, SE. MBA serta Madyantoro Purbo, MBA
menjabat Direktur Bisnis dan Operasi dan Ir. Arief
Budiman menjabat Direktur SDM dan Kepatuhan. Adapun
mayoritas kepemilikan saham saat ini didominasi oleh Ir.
Arifin Panigoro dan PT. Medco Intidinamika.
PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 Tbk (BANK SAUDARA)
berusaha meningkatkan kinerja perseroan serta
pelayanan kepada masyarakat umum. Selain
meningkatkan kemampuan dan profesionalisme SDM nya
yang secara berkala melaksanakan pelatihan baik intern
maupun ekstern, di dalam negeri maupun luar negeri,
perseroan pun berusaha lebih mendekatkan diri dengan
masyarakat dan hal itu direalisasikan dalam bentuk
penambahan kantor di beberapa wilayah seperti Subang,
Sumedang, Semarang dan Surabaya selain peningkatan
status kantor juga pendirian Kantor Cabang baru, menjadi
Bank Kustodian serta perseroan pun melakukan
perombakan struktur organisasi.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
04
Currently, PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906, Tbk (BANK
SAUDARA) is headed by a Board of Commisioners and
Management which are competent and experienced in the
field of banking. The current President Commisioner is R.
Maulana Ibrahim, SEAK., MA., with Maskan Iskandar, SH
and DR. H. Uce Kama Suganda, MM as Independent
Commissioners, while the Bank's Board of Directors,
namely Farid Rahman, SE. MBA holds the position of
President Director, Madyantoro Purbo, MBA as Business
and Operations Director and Ir. Arief Budiman as HR and
Compliance Director. The Bank's current majority
shareholders are Ir. Arifin Panigoro and PT Medco
Intidinamika.
PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 Tbk (BANK SAUDARA)
strives to improve company performance, and its service to
the general public. Aside from enhancing its Human
Resources capabilities and professionalism by periodically
conducting internal and external training, both within and
outside of Indonesia, the Company also strives to have a
closer relations with the public by establishing additional
offices in areas such as Subang, Sumedang, Semarang
and Surabaya. In addition, the company upgraded the
status of its offices, established new Branch Offices, has
become a Custodian Bank, while the company carried out
changes to its organization structure.
Perjalanan Perseroan
Corporate Timeline
Himpoenan Soedara berdiri
atas prakarsa 10 saudagar
Pasar Baru Bandung
Disahkan sebagai Badan
Hukum berstatus
“ Vereeniging”
Legalized as “Vereeniging”
Was established by 10 merchants
in Pasar Baru Bandung
Beroperasi sebagai Bank
Umum dengan nama
” PT. Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 ”
yang diikuti perubahan logo
Became a Limited Liability Company (Savings Bank)
“PT. Bank Tabungan Himpunan Saudara 1906”
Medco Group masuk
menjadi Pemegang
Saham Pengendali
Operated as Commercial Bank
and changed its name to
“PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906”
followed by changed in company logo”
“Medco Group became
its Controlling Shareholder”
Identitas Korporat berubah
dari Bank HS 1906
menjadi Bank Saudara sekaligus
menjadi Perusahaan publik/terbuka
Changed its Corporate identity
from Bank HS 1906 to
Bank Saudara & became
a Public Company
Perubahan susunan
Pengurus Perseroan serta
penambahan layanan
menjadi salah satu Bank
Kustodian
Changed the composition of
the Bank’s management
as well as introduction of
Custodian Banking Service
Izin beroperasi menjadi
Bank Devisa
Obtained a license to operate as a
Foreign Exchange Bank
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
Menjadi Badan Hukum
dengan nama”PT. Bank Tabungan
Himpunan Saudara 1906”
5
Komposisi Kepemilikan Saham
ShareOwnership Composition
Public
Selama tahun 2008 perseroan melakukan perombakan
struktur organisasi baru dengan penambahan Divisi baru
yaitu Divisi International dan Transactional Banking.
Selama tahun 2008 perseroan terus melakukan
penyempurnaan jasa pelayanan, salah satunya
meningkatkan statusnya menjadi Bank Devisa serta
pendirian beberapa kantor cabang baru di beberapa
wilayah selain Bandung dan Jakarta antara lain
Tasikmalaya, Yogyakarta dan Denpasar serta beberapa
lainnya seperti Serang, Cikarang dengan demikian
nantinya kantor Bank Saudara akan tersebar di beberapa
wilayah yaitu Serang, Tangerang, Jakarta, Bogor,
Cibinong, Sukabumi, Subang, Bandung, Garut,
Sumedang, Kuningan, Majalengka, Cirebon, Semarang,
Surabaya, Tasikmalaya, Yogyakarta dan Denpasar.
Guna memenuhi ketentuan Undang-Undang No. 40 tahun
2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas, PT Bank Himpunan
Saudara 1906, Tbk telah mengadakan Rapat Umum
Pemegang Saham Luar Biasa (RUPSLB) pada tanggal 11
Agustus 2008 yang memutuskan dan menyetujui
perubahan seluruh Anggaran Dasar Perseroan dalam
rangka penyesuaian terhadap Undang-Undang tersebut.
Dalam Anggaran Dasar Baru tersebut diputuskan pula
untuk meningkatkan Modal Dasar Perseroan dari Rp. 400
miliar menjadi Rp. 600 miliar, yang tentunya hal ini
menunjukan komitmen pemegang saham pengendali serta
manajemen perseroan secara bertahap meningkatkan
modal disetor serta terus berupaya meningkatkan kinerja
perseroan yang semakin lebih baik dimasa yang akan
datang.
Dalam upaya peningkatan pelayanan serta lebih
mendekatkan diri dengan masyarakat, PT Bank Himpunan
Saudara 1906, Tbk selain meningkatkan kemampuan
SDM yang lebih profesional, sistem teknologi yang
semakin baik serta produk-produk yang inovatif serta
menarik bagi masyarakat, jaringan kantor kelak akan
semakin diperluas, tidak hanya di wilayah pulau Jawa,
tetapi juga akan merambah ke luar pulau Jawa seperti
Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi dan Irian Jaya.
06
In 2008, the Company had made changes to its
organization structure by adding a new Division, the
International and Transactional Banking Division.
Throughout 2008, the company continued to improve its
services by enhancing its status to that of a Foreign
Exchange Bank as well as established new branch offices
in a number of areas outside Bandung and Jakarta, among
others, in Tasikmalaya, Yogyakarta and Denpasar as well
as in several other places such as in Serang and Cikarang.
Eventually the offices of Bank Saudara will spread in a
number of areas such as: Serang, Tangerang, Jakarta,
Bogor, Cibinong, Sukabumi, Subang, Bandung, Garut,
Sumedang,Kuningan, Majalengka, Cirebon, Semarang,
Surabaya, Tasikmalaya, Yogyakarta and Denpasar.
In order to fulfill Law No. 40 - 2007 concerning Limited
Liability Company, PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 Tbk
conducted an Extraordinary General Shareholder Meeting
(RUPSLB) on 11 August 2008 which decided and approved
changes of all Company's Articles of Association to
conform with the said Law. In the New Articles of
Association, it was also decided to increase the Company's
Authorized Capital from Rp. 400 billion to Rp. 600 billion.
This increase indicated the commitment of the controlling
shareholder and the company's management towards
increasing paid-in capital in stages as well as continuing its
efforts to improve the company's performance.
In its efforts to improve its services and to place itself closer
to the public, PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906, Tbk
improved not only the capability of its Human Resources to
be more professional, but also improved its technology
system, developed innovative and attractive products for
the public and expanded its network of offices not only in
Java, but also in islands outside Java such as Sumatra,
Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Irian Jaya.
Ikhtisar Keuangan
Financial Summary
2008
BALANCE SHEETS
(In billion Rupiah)
Jumlah aktiva
554,84
746,90
1.041,20
1.463,05
1.977,15
423,64
569,91
724,03
1.164,20
1.525,99
473,69
647,86
855,96
1.240,20
1.493,14
46,19
77,95
141,03
162,81
181,00
47,084
82,55
147,17
173,66
196,60
Total Assets
Kredit yang diberikan
Loans
Deposits From Customers
Tier-1 Capital
Equity
STATEMENT OF INCOME
2008
(In Billions of Rupiah)
68,13
73,82
83,42
2,26
2,36
2,35
3,40
4,65
17,12
11,39
19,17
45,86
55,77
0,97
7,61
13,09
31,60
37,66
138,23
178,18
Net Interest income
Non Interest income
Income Before Tax
Net Income
2008
FINANCIAL RATIOS
Rasio Laba Bersih terhadap Aktiva
3,78%
1,85%
2,20%
3,73%
3,00%
Rasio Laba Bersih terhadap Modal
6,91%
13,63%
14,26%
20,25%
21,63%
Marjin Bunga Bersih
15,10%
12,79%
9,84%
12,37%
10,46%
Rasio Beban Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional
79,82%
89,40%
87,61%
80,70%
82,42%
89,43%
87,97%
84,57%
93,87%
102,19%
12,28%
15,86%
21,41%
15,06%
12,86%
21,41%
14,99%
12,75%
Return On Assets
Return On Equity
Net Interest Margin
Operating Expenses to Operat. Revenues
Rasio Kredit terhadap Dana Pihak Ketiga
Loans to Deposit Ratio
Rasio Kecukupan Modal dengan memperhitungkan Risiko Kredit
Capital Adequacy Ratio With Credit Risk
- Kredit dan
Rasio Kecukupan Modal dengan memperhitungkan Risiko
Risiko Pasar
-
Capital Adequacy Ratio With Credit Risk
and Market Risk
0,46%
0,40%
1,72%
1,18%
1,17%
0,34%
0,30%
0,90%
0,45%
0,56%
Non Performing Loan - Gross
Non Performing Loan - Net
Total Employees
Total Branches
2008
472
41
30
Total ATMs
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
OTHERS
07
Indikator Keuangan
Financial Indicators
JUMLAH AKTIVA
LABA BERSIH
Total Assets
Dalam miliar rupiah
In Billion of Rupiah
KREDIT
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
08
Dalam miliar rupiah
In Billion of Rupiah
SIMPANAN NASABAH
Credit
Dalam miliar rupiah
In Billion of Rupiah
Net Income
Dalam miliar rupiah
In Billion of Rupiah
Deposits from Customers
Tinjauan Perekonomian Indonesia
A Review Of The Indonesian Economy
KONDISI MAKRO EKONOMI
MACRO ECONOMIC CONDITION
Secara umum, perekonomian Indonesia tahun 2008
berada dalam trend yang menurun akibat tekanan pada
pertumbuhan ekonomi global sebagai dampak krisis
keuangan di Amerika Serikat (AS). Namun demikian,
pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia yang berada di kisaran
6% masih lebih baik di kawasan regional. Sementara itu,
menurunnya harga minyak dunia menjadi dibawah 45 US
dollar per barel memberikan pengaruh terhadap
penurunan laju imported inflation dan harga-harga di
Indonesia. Pertumbuhan ekonomi pada periode tersebut
sebesar 6,11% atau turun dibanding periode 2007 yaitu
sebesar 6,33% masih dipengaruhi oleh konsumsi rumah
tangga dengan pangsa lebih dari 50% terhadap produk
domestik bruto (PDB). Adapun kegiatan investasi dan
ekspor menunjukan kinerja yang sedikit menurun dengan
pertumbuhan rata-rata hanya sebesar 11,99%
dan
14,33% sepanjang tahun 2008.
In general, the 2008 Indonesian economic situation was in
a declining trend due to pressures on the global economic
growth arising from the financial crisis in the United States
(US). However, the economic growth of Indonesia was still
in the range of 6%, which was better compared to the
regional economic growth. Meanwhile, the reduced world
oil price to below 45 US dollar per barrel also led to
decreased imported inflation rates and prices in Indonesia.
The economic growth during that period was 6.11% or
lower than the 2007 economic growth of 6.33%, a growth
rate which was still affected by household consumption that
accounted for more than 50% of the gross domestic
product (GDP). Investment and export activities showed a
slightly declining performance with an average growth of
only 11.9% and 14.33%, respectively, during 2008.
Sementara itu, turunnya harga komoditas primer di pasar
dunia berdampak buruk terhadap kinerja ekspor selama
tahun 2008. Pertumbuhan ekspor yang melambat
terutama terjadi pada barang tambang dan pertanian.
Beberapa produk tambang yang mengalami penurunan
antara lain crude palm oil (CPO), batubara, dan nikel.
Sedangkan ekspor migas juga belum optimal akibat
terbatasnya kenaikan produksi dan harga minyak dunia
yang berada pada level terendah.
Nilai tukar rupiah pada akhir tahun 2008 secara umum
cenderung melemah dengan volatilitas yang meningkat.
Nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dolar AS secara rata-rata
melemah 18,38% dari Rp 9.420 per dolar pada akhir 2007
menjadi Rp 11.150 per dolar pada akhir 2008. Perlemahan
nilai tukar rupiah selama 2008 didorong oleh kondisi
ekonomi global yang secara umum kurang kondusif.
Perlemahan nilai tukar rupiah terhadap US dollar sangat
dalam yang sempat di level Rp. 12.200-an karena
kebutuhan US dollar untuk kewajiban pembayaran utang
korporasi yang meningkat pada akhir tahun dan penarikan
dana oleh pelaku pasar asing sebagai pemenuhan
likuiditas. Pasokan US dollar mengalami penurunan
secara signifikan seiring dengan penurunan dana hasil
ekspor yang masuk ke Indonesia dan ditempatkan di luar
negeri seperti Singapura dan aliran modal keluar atas
portofolio asing dari pasar keuangan Indonesia.
Meanwhile, the decreased primary commodity prices in the
world market badly affected export performance during
2008. The slower export growth was especially apparent in
mining and agricultural products. A decline occurred in
several mining products, among others coal and nickel
while in the agricultural products, crude palm oil (CPO).
Meanwhile the oil and gas export was also not optimal yet
due to the fact that production increase was limited, and
that the world oil price was then at the lowest level.
The rupiah exchange rate at the end of 2008 was in general
weakened with increased volatility. The rupiah exchange
rate against US dollar in average declined 18.38% from
IDR9,420 per dollar at the end of 2007 to IDR11,150 per
dollar at the end of 2008. The weakening of rupiah
exchange rate value in 2008 was attributable to the
generally unfavourable global economic condition. A very
sharp decrease of rupiah exchange rate value against the
US dollar was seen when the rate touched the level of
around IDR12,200 which arose from the increased need of
US dollar for corporation loan payment at the end of the
year and withdrawal of fund by foreign market players to
meet liquidity requirement. The US dollar supply was
reduced significantly together with the drop of export
income into Indonesia and the placement of funds to other
countries such as Singapore as well as capital outflow of
foreign portfolio from the Indonesian financial market.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
Pengaruh kebijakan moneter yang ketat dan penurunan
daya beli masyarakat sangat mempengaruhi perlambatan
konsumsi swasta. Tingkat suku bunga kredit yang masih
tinggi mengakibatkan sumber pembiayaan konsumsi dari
perbankan mengalami penurunan. Pertumbuhan investasi
juga mengalami penurunan seiring kondisi likuiditas yang
masih ketat di perbankan nasional. Likuiditas perbankan
nasional mengalami pengetatan seiring pertumbuhan
kredit yang sangat agresif pada awal tahun 2008 yang tidak
diimbangi oleh pertumbuhan dana pihak ketiga (DPK) yang
cenderung melambat.
The impact of the tight monetary policy and public's
reduced purchasing power very much affected the slowing
down of private consumption. Continuing high loan interest
rate led to decreased banking sector's source of
consumption loan funding. The investment growth also
declined in line with the national banking sector's still tight
liquidity condition. The national banking sector's liquidity
became tighter along with a very aggressive loan growth in
early 2008 which was not offset by third party fund (TPF)
growth as its growth inclined to be slower.
09
Upaya pencairan pinjaman lembaga keuangan
international untuk memperkuat cadangan devisa hingga
mencapai US$ 50,58 milyar pada akhir 2008 menjaga nilai
tukar rupiah tidak jatuh lebih dalam.
Efforts to strengthen the foreign exchange reserve to reach
US$50.50 billion through loan from international monetary
organization at the end of 2008 was aimed at preventing
further downslide of rupiah exchange rate.
Inflasi indeks harga konsumen (IHK) pada tahun 2008 naik
menjadi 11,77% dibanding tahun 2007 sebesar 6,59%.
Tingkat inflasi tersebut berada jauh di atas target Bank
Indonesia (BI) sebesar 5% plus minus 1%. Berdasarkan
faktor fundamental, peningkatan tingkat inflasi pada 2008
tercermin pada inflasi inti. Peningkatan laju inflasi
disebabkan oleh naiknya tekanan inflasi terutama berasal
dari tingginya tekanan inflasi administrated price. Tekanan
inflasi administrated price meningkat terkait dengan
peningkatan harga bahan bakar minyak (BBM) bersubsidi
untuk kendaraan bermotor. Adapun pencapaian sasaran
inflasi telah ditetapkan sebagai berikut sebesar 5,5% plus
minus 1% pada tahun 2009, 5% plus minus 1% pada tahun
2010 dan 4.5% plus minus 1% pada tahun 2011.
The consumer price index (CPI) inflation in 2008 increased
to 11.77% compared to inflation in 2007, which was 6.59%.
The inflation rate was far above Bank Indonesia's target,
which was set at 5% plus minus 1%. Based on the
fundamental factors, the increased inflation rate in 2008
was reflected in the core inflation. Inflation rate escalated
as the high inflation pressure was triggered mainly by the
high administrated price inflation pressure. The rise in
administrated price inflation pressure was related to rising
subsidized fuel price for motor vehicles. Meanwhile,
inflation target is projected at 5.5% plus minus 1% in 2009,
5% plus minus I % in 2010 and 4.5% plus minus I % in 2011.
Sejalan dengan kenaikan harga bahan bakar minyak
(BBM) bersubsidi, BI pada tahun 2008 mulai menerapkan
kebijakan kenaikan suku bunga secara bertahap. Kondisi
perekonomian pada awal 2008 ditandai dengan mulai
meningkatnya tekanan terhadap inflasi dan pada paro
kedua 2008 dihadapkan pada kondisi nilai tukar rupiah
yang rentan terhadap gejolak eksternal. Sementara itu,
kebijakan moneter yang longgar diterapkan sejumlah bank
sentral di luar negeri yang bertujuan meningkatan stimulus
ekonomi masih belum berdampak pada likuiditas
perekonomian Indonesia. Hal tersebut memberi peluang
bagi BI untuk menurunkan BI rate menjadi 9.25% di akhir
tahun 2008. Sampai dengan akhir 2008 BI rate mencapai
9.25% baru mengalami penurunan kali pertama sebesar
25 basis points (bps) pada periode Desember 2008.
Kebijakan moneter yang ditempuh belum direspon positif
oleh pasar keuangan dan belum menumbuhkan optimisme
pelaku ekonomi di sektor riil. Di pasar keuangan, pasar
keuangan tercermin dari penurunan aktivitas perdagangan
di Bursa Efek Intonesia dan turunnya Indeks Harga Saham
Gabungan (IHSG) secara signifikan. Di akhir tahun 2008,
IHSG ditutup pada level 1.345,46 atau turun 51%
dibanding tahun sebelumnya. Investor asing masih
mencatatkan nett beli di pasar saham sebesar Rp 180
milyar perhari pada periode November 2008. Sementara
itu kapitalisasi asing turun sangat signifikan menjadi
sebesar Rp 404 trilyun dari sebesar Rp 771,4 trilyun pada
periode tahun sebelumnya.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
10
Secara prosentase porsi kapitalisasi asing terhadap
seluruh kapitalisasi pasar saham juga mengalami
penurunan hingga mencapai 64,1%. Selain itu,
perdagangan di pasar Surat Utang Negara (SUN) juga
semakin menurun dengan yield yang cenderung naik.
Secara rata-rata harian volume perdagangan SUN turun
menjadi Rp 3,2 trilyun dari sebelumnya sebesar Rp 5,52
trilyun.
Along with the increase in the price of subsidized fuel, in in
2008 Bank Indonesia commenced to gradually raise the
interest rate. The economic condition in early 2008 was
characterized by increasing pressure to inflation and in the
second half of the year, rupiah was vulnerable to external
factors. Furthermore, loose monetary policy with the
purpose of increasing economic stimulus applied by some
foreign central banks had not yet affected the liquidity of the
Indonesian economy. This gave Bank Indonesia an
opportunity to reduce BI rate to 9.25% at the end of 2008.
Until the end of 2008, BI rate reached 9.25%, which means
that it only had one reduction of 25 base points (bps) in the
period of December 2008.
The monetary policy taken has not yet positively received
by the financial market and has yet to foster optimism
among economic players in the real sector. In the financial
market, the market condition was obviously reflected by the
slowing down of trading activities in the stock exchange
market and the significant reduction of Stock Exchange
Composite Index (SECI). At the end of 2008, the SECI was
closed at 1,345.46 or a decrease of 51% as compared to
the figure of the previous year. Foreign investors still
recorded a net buy of 1DR 180 billion per day at the stock
market during the period of November 2008. Whereas, the
foreign capitalization significantly declined to Rp 404 trillion
from Rp 771.4 trillion during the same period of the previous
year.
In terms of percentage, the foreign capitalization portion of
all stock market capitalization was also reduced to 64.1 %.
Aside from the above, trading of the Government Securities
(SUN) decreased with the increase in yield. On average,the
daily trading volume of the Government Securities (SUN)
was reduced to Rp 3.2 trillion from a previous volume of
Rp 5.52 trillion.
Surplus Neraca Pembayaran Indonesia (NPI) masih
berasal dari sisi neraca transaksi berjalan, sementara
neraca modal dan financial mencatat surplus namun lebih
rendah. Penurunan volume dan nilai ekspor yang signifikan
terjadi pada produk unggulan seperti kelapa sawit mentah
(CPO) dan batubara. Berdasarkan negara tujuan ekspor,
konsentrasi negara tujuan ekspor kepada lima negara
mulai sedikit berubah. Negara-negara tersebut adalah
China, Singapura, Jepang, AS dan Malaysia. Nilai ekspor
Indonesia sampai November 2008 berada pada kisaran
USD 136 milyar dengan peningkatan sebesar 13% Year on
Year (yoy) dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Di sisi lain nilai
impor sampai dengan November 2008 mencapai pada
kisaran USD 90 milyar atau meningkat 6% dibanding tahun
sebelumnya. Berdasarkan negara asalnya pangsa impor
diantara lima negara utama adalah Jepang, Singapura,
China, AS dan Thailand. Perkembangan ekspor dan impor
menciptakan surplus perdagangan sebesar USD 16 milyar
sehingga NPI sampai dengan triwulan III 2008 mencatat
surplus sekitar US$ 2,6 miliar. Jumlah cadangan devisa
pada akhir periode tersebut stabil di posisi US$ 50,58 miliar
atau setara kebutuhan pembiayaan impor dan
pembayaran utang luar negeri pemerintah selama 4 bulan.
The surplus of Indonesia Balance of Payment (BOP) still
came from the balance of ongoing transactions while the
capital and financial balance recorded a lower surplus. A
significant reduction in export volume and value
wereapparent in the core products such as crude palm oil
(CPO) and coal. Based on destination countries, the
concentration of destination countries of exported goods
which consisted of five countries has started to slightly
change. The said countries were China, Singapore, Japan,
US and Malaysia. The Indonesian export value until
November 2008 was around Rp 136 billion with an increase
of 13% Year on Year (yoy) as compared to the previous
year. On the other hand, the import value up to November
2008 reached around USD 90 billion or an increase of 6%
as compared to the previous year. On importation, the five
main countries based on origin were Japan, Singapore,
China, US and Thailand. The development of export and
import created a trading surplus of USD 16 billion, as such,
until the 3rd quarter of 2008, BOP recorded a surplus of
around USD 2.6 billion. The amount of foreign currency
reserve at the end of that period was stable at USD 50.58
billions or an equivalent of 4 months of import cost and
government's foreign loan payment requirements.
PERBANKAN NASIONAL
NATIONAL BANKING SECTOR
NATIONAL BANKING SECTOR
Pada 2008, kredit perbankan tumbuh 37,1% menjadi
Rp 1.343,5 trilyun yang berarti lebih tinggi dari sasaran
awal tahun sebesar 25% maupun pertumbuhan kredit
pada 2007. Dari sisi permintaan, kenaikan harga BBM
pada pertengahan tahun 2008 berakibat pada peningkatan
ongkos produksi dan modal kerja perusahaan
In general, the banking condition in 2008 showed a
satisfactory performance although the perception of bank
risk over the real sector and the failure by Century Bank
over its clearing activity still lingered. Liquidity difficulties at
Century Bank resulted in clearing failure as much as Rp 15
billion in the month of November 2008. Yet, the government
through Deposit Insurance Agency or known as LPS
(Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan) finally took over Century
Bank to provide a sense of certainty to the customers. Swift
action done by the government succeeded in avoiding the
risk of huge fund withdrawals from the national banking
system by the public. To improve the financial performance
of Century Bank, its acquisition is still an ongoing process.
In 2008, the banking credit grew 37.1 % to IDR. 1,343.5
trillion which was much higher than the initial target of 25%
or credit growth in 2007. From the demand side, the price of
fuel in mid-2008 which increased production cost and
company working capital
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
Secara umum, kondisi perbankan pada 2008 menunjukan
kinerja yang cukup baik walaupun masih melekat persepsi
risiko bank terhadap kondisi sektor riil dan kegagalan
kegiatan kliring oleh Bank Century. Kesulitan likuiditas di
Bank Century berdampak gagal kliring pada bulan
November 2008. Namun demikian pemerintah melalui
Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan (LPS) akhirnya mengambil
alih Bank Century dengan pertimbangan untuk
memberikan kepastian kepada nasabah. Tindakan cepat
pemerintah tersebut telah menghindari risiko penarikan
dana secara besar-besaran oleh masyarakat dari sistem
perbankan nasional. Adapun guna meningkatkan kinerja
keuangan Bank Century, ke depan proses akuisisi masih
tetap terus berjalan.
11
merupakan faktor penyebab meningkatnya permintaan
kredit. Tingginya realisasi kredit tersebut diikuti oleh
membaiknya kualitas kredit seperti tercermin pada
menurunnya rasio NPL baik secara gross maupun nett
menjadi masing-masing sebesar 3,9% dan 1,4%.
Cukup baiknya perkembangan kredit dibandingkan Dana
Pihak Ketiga (DPK) juga telah mendorong naiknya Loan
To Deposit Ratio (LDR) perbankan mencapai tingkat
tertinggi yaitu 80,2%. Kenaikan posisi kredit ditopang oleh
seluruh jenis kredit dengan kenaikan tertinggi terjadi pada
Kredit Modal Kerja (KMK). Alokasi dana perbankan
sebagian besar masih pada kredit diikuti oleh penempatan
antarbank dan SBI. Pangsa kredit dalam aktiva produktif
mencapai 75,7%, sedangkan penempatan antarbank dan
SBI mencapai 11,61% dan 7,01%. Pergerakan pangsa
kredit tersebut cenderung semakin membaik, meningkat
dibandingkan akhir tahun 2007 yang mencapai 55,7%.
Penempatan dana perbankan pada surat berharga
umumnya sebagian besar dalam bentuk Surat Utang
Negara (SUN) dengan pangsa yang relatif stabil sejak
tahun 2007. Sementara itu, pangsa penempatan dana
perbankan pada SBI cenderung terus menurun dari akhir
tahun 2007 sebesar 13,15% menjadi 7,01% pada tahun
2007.
Pada tahun 2008, DPK mengalami peningkatan lebih dari
Rp 165 trilyun atau tumbuh sekitar 10,82% menjadi Rp
1.674,2 trilyun. Jumlah tersebut membiayai sekitar 74,9%
dari total asset perbankan. Berdasarkan komposisinya,
deposito masih merupakan bentuk DPK yang terbesar
dengan pangsa 46%, dengan kecenderungan meningkat.
Adapun tabungan dan giro lebih stabil dengan pangsa
masing-masing sebesar 27,4% dan 26,6%.
Perkembangan ini terjadi karena terdapat kecenderungan
peningkatan suku bunga sehingga investasi masyarakat
cenderung dialihkan pada simpanan perbankan.
Profitabilitas perbankan masih cukup baik yang tercermin
dari ROA sebesar 2,64%, meskipun pendapatan bunga
bersih/ NII cenderung menurun namun masih diimbangi
dengan kenaikan pendapatan non operasional.
Menurunnya biaya operasional perbankan mendorong
membaiknya tingkat efesiensi yang tercermin oleh BOPO
menjadi 83,72%. Permodalan perbankan nasional masih
memiliki daya tahan yang tinggi. Kenaikan ATMR (Aktiva
Tertimbang Menurut Risiko), terutama dari kenaikan kredit
yang prosentase lebih tinggi dari kenaikan modal
menyebabkan rasio permodalan (CAR) perbankan sedikit
menurun menjadi 17.26%.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
12
has become the factor in the rising credit demand. The high
credit realization was followed by a better credit quality as
reflected by the decrease in NPL ratios, both gross and net,
to 3.9% and 1.4%, respectively.
The reasonably good credit development as compared to
the third party fund (TPF) had also pushed the banking
Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) up to its highest level of 80.2%.
The rising credit position was supported by all types of
credit with the highest increase occurring in the working
capital credit (WCC). Most of banking fund allocation was
still in the credit area followed by inter-bank placement and
Bank Indonesia Certificates (SBI). The credit portion in the
earning asset reached 75.7% while the inter-bank
placement and SBI attained 11.61 % and 7.01 %,
respectively. Movement of the said credit portion was better
and it rose compared to its position at the end of 2007,
which reached 55.7%. In general, the placement of banking
funds in marketable securities was mostly into Government
Securities (SUN) with a relatively stable portion since 2007.
Meanwhile portion of banking funds placed in SBI at the
end of 2007 fell continually
from 13.15% to 7.01 % for the year 2008.
In 2008, TPF increased by more than Rp165 trillion or
a growth of about 10.82% to Rp 1, 674.2 trillion. This
amount funded about 74.9% of the banking's total assets.
Composition wise, time deposits remained the biggest form
of TPF of 46% with a tendency to increase.The savings
deposits and demand deposits accounts were more stable
at 27.4% and 26.6%, respectively. This development
occurred because of the increase in interest rate thus public
investment flow was directed to banking deposits.
Banking profitability was still quite positive, which was
reflected in ROA of 2.64%, despite of the tendency of net
Interest income/NII to decrease, this decrease was
balanced by the increase in non-operating income. The
decrease in banking operating expenses led to an
improved efficiency level as reflected in the increase in
BOPO to 83.72%. National banking capital still had a high
resilience. The increase in Risk-Weighted Assets (RWA)
particularly came from the credit increase with a higher
percentage than capital increase resulting in a slightly
reduced capital asset ratio (CAR) to 17.26%.
WORLD ECONOMIC CONDITION
Perlambatan ekonomi merata di semua kawasan, baik di
negara maju maupun berkembang.
Pertumbuhan
ekonomi dunia semakin melambat dimana hanya tumbuh
3,5% Year on Year (yoy), lebih rendah dari 4% (yoy) periode
sebelumnya. Selain perlambatan ekonomi Amerika
Serikat, kinerja ekonomi dunia semakin tertekan oleh krisis
keuangan sejumlah lembaga keuangan Wall Street
terkemuka sejak pertengahan September 2008. Pasar
keuangan global masih bergejolak sebagai akibat
berlanjutnya tekanan penjualan aset, dan penarikan dana
investor.
Economic slow down affected a// areas, both developed
and developing countries. World economic growth was
slower with a growth of only 3.5% Year on Year (yoy), which
was lower than 4% (yoy) in the previous period. In addition
to the slowing down of the US economy, the world's
economic performance was further pressured by financial
crisis experienced by a number of well-known Wall Street
financial institutions since mid-September 2008. Gloabal
financial market is still volatile as a result of asset selling
and withdrawal of funds by investors.
Pertumbuhan ekonomi negara maju makin memburuk
sebagai dampak konsumsi dan investasi yang menurun
terutama akibat ketatnya pasar keuangan dan jatuhnya
tingkat kepercayaan konsumen dan produsen. Kinerja
ekspor makin tertahan oleh perlambatan permintaan dunia.
Ekonomi AS semakin tertekan oleh krisis keuangan yang
memburuk menyusul krisis keuangan perusahaan Wall
Street terkemuka, termasuk Bearn Stern, Fannie Mae,
Freddie Mac, Lehman Brothers, dan American Insurance
Group (AIG). Perlambatan aktivitas konsumsi dan investasi
di negara maju melemahkan permintaan impor dari negara
berkembang. Ekonomi negara berkembang juga terancam
melambat akibat pengetatan pasar keuangan sebagai
akibat perilaku flight to quality dari investor global yang
menarik penempatan dana pada aset negara berkembang
yang masih dianggap berisiko.
The economic growth of developed countries has
worsened as impacted by the declining consumption and
investment, which in particularly were caused by the tight
financial market and the diminishing consumer and
producer confidence level. Export performance was held
back by slower world demand. US economy received
further pressure caused by deepening financial crisis
following the financial crisis in well-known Wall Street
companies such as Fannie Mae, Beam Stem, Freddie Mac,
Lehman Brothers, and American Insurance Group (AIG).
The slower consumption and investment activities in
developed countries weakened import demand from
developing countries. The economies of developing
countries were also slowing down due to tighter financial
market resulting from "flight to quality" behaviour of global
investors who withdrew their funds placed in developing
countries perceived to be still risky.
Inflasi dunia mencapai 6,3% (yoy) dengan kecenderungan
melemah seiring dengan tren penurunan harga komoditi.
Secara keseluruhan, inflasi di negara berkembang relatif
lebih tinggi daripada negara maju karena besarnya bobot
makanan dalam keranjang Indeks Harga Konsumen dan
masih solidnya permintaan domestik di negara
berkembang. Bank sentral negara maju cenderung
menurunkan suku bunga di tengah perekonomian yang
memburuk dan penurunan permintaan domestik.
Sementara itu, bank sentral negara berkembang
cenderung menahan dan bahkan sebagian menaikan suku
bunga karena tekanan inflasi yang relatif lebih besar. Pasar
keuangan khususnya di negara maju makin ketat dan
volatile seiring dengan tingginya risiko dan ketidakpastian
di pasar keuangan global meski bank sentral negara maju
telah berupaya melonggarkan likuiditas pasar. Suku bunga
LIBOR di Jepang, AS, dan Kawasan Euro cenderung
mendekati suku bunga kebijakan bank sentral. Selain
ketat, volatilitas di pasar keuangan global juga terus
meningkat.
The world inflation reached 6.3% (yoy) with a tendency to
weaken following reduction of prices of commodities.
Overall, inflation in developing countries was relatively
higher than that of developed countries because of the
huge portion of food in the Consumer Price Index basket
and solid domestic demand in developing countries.
Central banks of developed countries tended to reduce
interest rate in the midst of declining economy and
declining domestic demand. While, central banks of
developing countries tended to maintain the interest rate
with some of them even increased interest rate because of
relatively strong inflation pressure. The financial market,
especially in developed countries, became tighter and
volatile in line with the high risk and uncertainty in the global
financial market despite the efforts of developed countries'
central banks to loosen market liquidity. LIBOR rate in
Japan, US and European countries showed a tendency to
follow closely their central banks' interest rate policy. Aside
from being tight, the volatility of global financial market was
also increasing.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
KONDISI PEREKONOMIAN DUNIA
13
PROSPEK EKONOMI 2009
2009 ECONOMIC PROSPECT
Prospek ekonomi Indonesia pada tahun 2009 diperkirakan
akan melemah. Perekonomian tumbuh diperkirakan pada
kisaran 4,5% - 5,5%, lebih rendah dibandingkan
pertumbuhan tahun 2008 sebesar 6,11%. Adapun
konsumsi rumah tangga dan investasi tetap berperan
besar sebagai komponen utama penyumbang
pertumbuhan. Konsumsi rumah tangga diperkirakan stabil
di level 6,5%. Daya beli masyarakat yang menurun,
pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih rendah dan sulitnya
pembiayaan seiring dengan meningkatnya risiko yang
melekat diperkirakan akan melemahkan konsumsi swasta.
Tahun 2009 pemerintah mentargetkan defisit APBN
sebesar 2% dari PDB sehingga pangsa konsumsi dan
investasi pemerintah diperkirakan akan meningkat.
Pertumbuhan investasi tahun 2009 diperkirakan sebesar
11% turun dari periode sebelumnya sejalan dengan
penurunan permintaan yang ditopang oleh pertumbuhan
ekonomi yang lebih rendah. Investasi bangunan masih
menjadi pendorong utama bagi pertumbuhan investasi
seiring dengan meningkatnya proyek-proyek infrastruktur
yang dibangun di 2009. Dari sisi pembiayaan, defisit
pemerintah diperkirakan akan mengalami hambatan
karena menurunnya daya serap surat utang negara (SUN).
The prospect of Indonesian economy in 2009 is projected
to weaken. The economic growth is projected to be in a
range of 4.5% - 5.5%, which is lower than the 2008 growth
of 6.11 %. Household consumption and investment will still
play a huge role as the main components that will contribute
to growth. Household consumption is expected to be stable
at 6.5% level. Declining public purchasing power, slow
economic growth and difficulty in financing along with
mounting attached risk are projected to weaken private
consumption. In 2009, the government targets a National
Budget (APBN) deficit of 2% of GNP as such, consumption
and government investment arepredicted to increase.
Investment growth for 2009 is projected to be 11 %, which is
lower than the previous period in line with the decreasing
demand due to a weaker economic growth. Property
investment will still be the main force behind investment
growth along with the increase in the number of
infrastructure projects that will be built in 2009. From the
financing perspective, the government deficit is predicted
to face barriers arising from the lower absorption of
Government Securities (SUN).
Kegiatan ekspor akan cenderung menurun dengan
pertumbuhan diperkirakan hanya sebesar 12%.
Menurunnya pertumbuhan ekspor disebabkan oleh
volume perdagangan dunia yang diperkirakan mengalami
penurunan. Selain itu, kecenderungan penurunan harga
komoditas di pasar dunia, dan pelemahan ekonomi dunia
memberikan dampak bagi penurunan penyerapan produk
eksport Indonesia. Impor barang dan jasa diperkirakan
tumbuh 15% yang disebabkan bergesernya pangsa pasar
dari Amerika Serikat dan Eropa ke negara-negara
berkembang. Dari sisi jenis barang, pertumbuhan impor
diperkirakan didorong oleh impor barang konsumsi dan
barang modal. Pertumbuhan ekonomi sisi penawaran
didukung terutama oleh sektor pengolahan, sektor
perdagangan, hotel, restoran, serta sektor pengangkutan
dan telekomunikasi. Sektor industri pengolahan di 2009
diperkirakan cenderung menurun seiring menurunnya
konsumsi swasta.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
14
Nilai tukar rupiah pada 2009 diperkirakan bergerak sedikit
melemah yang didorong oleh ketatnya likuiditas US dollar
di pasar. Namun demikian, tekanan rupiah diperkirakan
tidak terlalu dalam yang terutama ditopang oleh terjaganya
faktor fundamental ekonomi domestik. Selain itu, kondisi
Neraca Pembayaran Indonesia (NPI) yang masih surplus
berpotensi meningkatkan cadangan devisa sehingga
berpengaruh positip terhadap pergerakan nilai tukar
rupiah. Dari sisi eksternal, sejalan dengan perkiraan
depresiasi dolar AS secara global akibat kecenderungan
penurunan suku bunga The Fed juga akan mengurangi
tekanan terhadap nilai tukar rupiah. NPI diperkirakan
masih akan mencatat surplus yang didorong oleh transaksi
berjalan atas kegiatan ekspor. Dengan demikian, posisi
devisa diperkirakan mencapai kisaran USD 55 milyar.
Export activities will tend to fall with a projected growth of
only 12%. Decline in the growth of export will be due to the
projected decrease in trading volume globally. The
reduction in prices of commodities in the global market and
weaker global economy will lead to a decrease in the export
of Indonesian products. Imported goods and services are
expected to grow by 15% due to market shift from US and
European countries to developing countries. Import growth
is expected to be helped by consumption and capital goods
imports. For services, the economic growth will be mainly
supported by processing sector, trading sector, hotel,
restaurant, transportation and telecommunication sectors.
Processing industry sector in 2009 is predicted to decline
due to the reduced private consumption.
Rupiah exchange rate in 2009 is projected to slide down a
little bit due to tight liquidity of US dollar in the market.
Nevertheless, the pressure on rupiah is projected as
insignificant since it is su
ANNUAL REPORT
2008
G
R
O
U
O
P
D A F TA R I S I
DAFTAR ISI
CONTENTS
2
VISI DAN MISI
3
SEJARAH PERSEROAN
5
PERJALANAN PERSEROAN
7
IKHTISAR KEUANGAN
8
INDIKATOR KEUANGAN
9
TINJAUAN PEREKONOMIAN INDONESIA
16
PERKEMBANGAN HARGA SAHAM SDRA 2008
18
WILAYAH KERJA
19
TANGGUNG JAWAB MANAJEMEN ATAS LAPORAN TAHUNAN
21
STRUKTUR ORGANISASI
24
PENGHARGAAN
26
LAPORAN DEWAN KOMISARIS
29
LAPORAN DIREKSI
VISION AND MISSION
CORPORATE HISTORY
CORPORATE TIMELINE
FINANCIAL SUMMARY
FINANCIAL INDICATOR
A REVIEW OF THE INDONESIAN ECONOMY
SDRA STOCK PRICE DEVELOPMENT IN 2008
WORK AREA
ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE
AWARD
REPORT FROM BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
REPORT FROM BOARD OF DIRECTORS
35 LAPORAN KEGIATAN PERUSAHAAN
COMPANY ACTIVITY REPORT
36
BISNIS
49
SISTEM DAN TEKNOLOGI
SYSTEM AND TECHNOLOGY
50
SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA
HUMAN RESOURCE
54
TREASURY DAN TRANSAKSI LUAR NEGERI
BUSINESS
59 LAPORAN TUGAS PENGAWASAN
60
MANAJEMEN RISIKO
67
TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN
TREASURY AND INTERNATIONAL TRANSACTION
SUPERVISION REPORT
RISK MANAGEMENT
GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE
85 TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL DAN LINGKUNGAN
86
RESPONSIBILITY FOR ANNUAL REPORT
TANGGUNG JAWAB SOSIAL & LINGKUNGAN
91 JARINGAN DAN LAYANAN
95 LAPORAN KEUANGAN
97 DATA PERSEROAN
98
DEWAN KOMISARIS
99
DIREKSI
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)
CORPORATE SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENT RESPONSIBILITY
NETWORK AND SERVICES
FINANCIAL REPORT
CORPORATE DATA
BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
100
DIVISI DAN PEJABAT EKSEKUTIF
106
PEMIMPIN CABANG
DIVISION AND SENIOR EXECUTIVE
BRANCH MANAGER
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
1
Contents
01
Visi
Vision
Pelopor institusi keuangan yang menjadi bank berkinerja baik dan sehat
·“A pioneering financial institution has now become a well performing and healthy bank”
Misi
Mission
Memenuhi harapan stakeholder dalam usaha perbankan dengan 5 (lima) pilar :
To fulfill the stakeholders hopes for the banking business through the following 5 (five) pillars”
Menjaga kepercayaan masyarakat
“Safeguard public trust”
Memberikan pelayanan secara personal
Provide personalized services
Peningkatan kualitas manajemen dan operasional perbankan
Improve management quality and banking operations
Melestarikan usaha perbankan dengan nilai-nilai tata kelola
perusahaan (good corporate governance) yang baik
Preserve the banking industry through good corporate governance values
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
02
Pelopor jasa keuangan yang berkembang dan inovatif
A Pioneer in financial services that continues to grow and innovate
Sejarah Perseroan
SEJARAH PERSEROAN
CORPORATE HISTORY
PT BANK HIMPUNAN SAUDARA 1906, Tbk pertama kali
didirikan pada tahun 1906 dengan nama Vereeniging
Himpoenan Soedara oleh para saudagar batik dan kulit di
Bandung dan sekitarnya, dengan tujuan utama untuk
menyalurkan usaha jasa keuangan secara simpan pinjam.
Perkumpulan ini berdiri atas prakarsa 3 orang kaum
saudagar saat itu, H. Basoeni, T.H. Damiri dan H. Badjoeri
yang saat itu berkeinginan untuk mengadakan satu
perkumpulan dalam kalangan kaum saudagar, karena
memiliki persamaan atas keinginan tersebut maka
dicarinya beberapa saudagar lainnya hingga terkumpul
sebanyak 10 orang saudagar.
PT BANK HIMPUNAN SAUDARA 1906, Tbk was
established in 1906 under the name of Vereeniging
Himpoenan Soedara by batik and leather merchants in
Bandung and its vicinity area with the main purpose of
providing access to financial services through taking
deposits and providing loans. This association was formed
through the initiative of 3 entrepreneurs: H. Basoeni, T.H.
Damiri, and H. Badjoeri who at the time wanted to forma
merchant association. Driven with a common purpose and
goal, the number of Founders eventually became 10
merchants.
Pada tahun 1908, perkumpulan ini juga aktif berperan
dalam pergerakan nasional sebagai mitra dari
perkumpulan Boedi Oetomo di daerah Jawa Barat yang
bergerak di bidang perekonomian. Perkumpulan ini
semakin berkembang dan pada tahun 1912 yang saat itu
usahanya terbatas pada simpan pinjam, mengajukan
permohonan untuk mendapat pengesahan sebagai badan
hukum dan dikabulkannya permohonan tersebut dengan
pengesahan Anggaran Dasarnya berdasarkan
Goverment Besluit No.33 tanggal 04 Oktober 1913.
In 1908, the association also played an active role in the
national movement as partner to the Boedi Oetomo
movement in West Java which focused on the economic
field. The association's growth continued until 1912 when
the associati sought to expand its business, which at that
time was limited taking deposits and providing loans, by
seeking permit to be recognized as a legal entity which was
subsequently obtained through the legalization of its
Articles of Association by virtue of Goverment Besluit
(Government Decision) No. 33 dated 04 October 1913.
Seiring dengan Kemerdekaan Republik Indonesia, pada
tahun 1955 dengan berlakunya Peraturan Pemerintah
No. 1 Tahun 1955 Lembaran Negara No. 2, tentang
Pengawasan Terhadap Urusan Kredit, yang menetapkan
bahwa semua perusahaan dan badan yang mengadakan
usaha-usaha untuk memberikan kredit atas tanggungan
pendiri adalah Bank Tabungan, maka pada tanggal 11
Nopember 1955 Menteri Keuangan memberi izin kepada
Himpunan Saudara untuk melakukan usaha bank
tabungan dengan daya laku surut mulai tanggal 04
Februari 1955.
With the Republic of Indonesia's Independence, in 1955
upon the effectivity of Government Regulation No.1 of 1955
State Gazette No.2, in relation to Supervision concerning
Loan Activity that states that all companies and entities in
which its activities are to provide loan at the founder's
expense are deemed as Savings Banks (Bank Tabungan),
thus on 11 November 1955, the Minister of Finance issued a
permit to Himpunan Saudara to operate as savings bank
effective 4 February 1955.
Pada tahun 1967, dengan berlakunya Undang-Undang No.
14 tentang Pokok-Pokok Perbankan beserta peraturan
pelaksanaannya, dalam hal ini Keputusan Menteri
Keuangan tertanggal 18 Desember 1968, Himpunan
Saudara diwajibkan mengubah bentuk hukumnya dari
Perkumpulan menjadi Perseroan Terbatas. Pada tanggal
15 Juni 1974, Perkumpulan Himpunan Saudara secara
formil dibubarkan dan pada saat bersamaan itu pula
didirikannya Himpunan Saudara dalam bentuk hukumnya
yang baru dengan nama PT. Bank Tabungan Himpunan
Saudara (HS) 1906.
In 1967, by virtue of Law No. 14 concerning the Main
Aspects of Banking along with its operational regulations, in
this respect the Minister of Finance's Decree dated 18
December 1968, Himpunan Saudara was required to
change its legal status from being an Association
(perkumpulan) to a Limited Liability Company. On 15 June
1974, Perkumpulan Himpunan Saudara was formally
disbanded and at the same time Himpunan Saudara was
formed under the legally recognized new name, PT Bank
Tabungan Himpunan Saudara (Hq 1906.
Dengan semakin berkembangnya usaha, maka pada
bulan April 1992 PT Bank Tabungan Himpunan Saudara
(HS) 1906 berubah menjadi PT. Bank HS 1906 dengan
adanya penyertaan modal serta manajemen /
kepengurusan oleh MEDCO Group (perusahaan swasta
nasional yang bergerak dalam bidang perminyakan dan
gas bumi serta kontraktor) dan pada bulan Juli 1993
dengan berlakunya Undang-Undang Perbankan No. 7/92
berdasarkan SK Menteri Keuangan No.
Kep.067/KM.17/1993.
With the Bank's growth, PT Bank Tabungan Himpunan
Saudara (HS) 1906 was subsequently changed to PT Bank
HS 1906 in April 1992 with Medco's Group (a privatelyowned local company that operates in the oil & natural gas
and contracting businesses) investment as well as
placement of management. In July 1993, by virtue of
Banking Law No. 7/92 based on the Minister of Finance's
Decree No. Kep.0671KM. 1711993
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
Corporate History
03
PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 beroperasi sebagai
Bank Umum yang peresmiannya dilakukan oleh Drs.
Mar'ie Muhammad yang saat itu menjabat Menteri
Keuangan Republik Indonesia.
PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 officially began
operations as a Commercial Bank, and the Bank's opening
ceremony was conducted by of Drs. Marie Muhammad
who, at the time, was the Minister of Finance of the
Republic of Indonesia.
Pada tahun 2006 bertepatan dengan 100 tahun usianya,
PT. Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 mengubah nama
panggilan/call name menjadi BANK SAUDARA tetapi
dengan bentuk hukum tetap atau tidak berubah, dan
bersamaan itu pula diikuti dengan perubahan logo
perusahaan. Pada tahun yang sama, dalam upaya
peningkatan kinerja perusahaan serta menjadi
perusahaan yang terbuka dan dimiliki oleh publik, pada
tanggal 15 Desember 2006 melakukan penawaran harga
saham perdana perseroan kepada masyarakat umum
(Initial Public Offering) dan menjadi salah satu
perusahaan terbuka yang tercatat pada Bursa Efek Jakarta
(BEJ) dengan sandi/kode SDRA.
In 2006, coinciding with the bank's 100th anniversary, PT
Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 changed its call name to
BANK SAUDARA and launched its new company logo
while its legal entity remained the same or unchanged.
During the same year, in its effort to boost its performance
and become a public company, on 15 December 2006, the
Bank offered its shares to the public through an Initial Public
Offering. The Bank became one of the public companies
listed on the Jakarta Stock Exchange (JSX) under the code
SDRA.
Saat ini, PT. Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906, Tbk (BANK
SAUDARA) dipimpin oleh Dewan Komisaris dan
Manajemen yang memiliki kompetensi dan pengalaman di
bidang perbankan. Komisaris Utama saat ini dijabat oleh R.
Maulana Ibrahim, SE AK., MA., serta Maskan Iskandar,
SH dan DR. H. Uce Karna Suganda, MM menjabat
sebagai Komisaris (Komisaris Independen), sedangkan
untuk jajaran Direksi saat ini Direktur Utama dijabat oleh
Farid Rahman, SE. MBA serta Madyantoro Purbo, MBA
menjabat Direktur Bisnis dan Operasi dan Ir. Arief
Budiman menjabat Direktur SDM dan Kepatuhan. Adapun
mayoritas kepemilikan saham saat ini didominasi oleh Ir.
Arifin Panigoro dan PT. Medco Intidinamika.
PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 Tbk (BANK SAUDARA)
berusaha meningkatkan kinerja perseroan serta
pelayanan kepada masyarakat umum. Selain
meningkatkan kemampuan dan profesionalisme SDM nya
yang secara berkala melaksanakan pelatihan baik intern
maupun ekstern, di dalam negeri maupun luar negeri,
perseroan pun berusaha lebih mendekatkan diri dengan
masyarakat dan hal itu direalisasikan dalam bentuk
penambahan kantor di beberapa wilayah seperti Subang,
Sumedang, Semarang dan Surabaya selain peningkatan
status kantor juga pendirian Kantor Cabang baru, menjadi
Bank Kustodian serta perseroan pun melakukan
perombakan struktur organisasi.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
04
Currently, PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906, Tbk (BANK
SAUDARA) is headed by a Board of Commisioners and
Management which are competent and experienced in the
field of banking. The current President Commisioner is R.
Maulana Ibrahim, SEAK., MA., with Maskan Iskandar, SH
and DR. H. Uce Kama Suganda, MM as Independent
Commissioners, while the Bank's Board of Directors,
namely Farid Rahman, SE. MBA holds the position of
President Director, Madyantoro Purbo, MBA as Business
and Operations Director and Ir. Arief Budiman as HR and
Compliance Director. The Bank's current majority
shareholders are Ir. Arifin Panigoro and PT Medco
Intidinamika.
PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 Tbk (BANK SAUDARA)
strives to improve company performance, and its service to
the general public. Aside from enhancing its Human
Resources capabilities and professionalism by periodically
conducting internal and external training, both within and
outside of Indonesia, the Company also strives to have a
closer relations with the public by establishing additional
offices in areas such as Subang, Sumedang, Semarang
and Surabaya. In addition, the company upgraded the
status of its offices, established new Branch Offices, has
become a Custodian Bank, while the company carried out
changes to its organization structure.
Perjalanan Perseroan
Corporate Timeline
Himpoenan Soedara berdiri
atas prakarsa 10 saudagar
Pasar Baru Bandung
Disahkan sebagai Badan
Hukum berstatus
“ Vereeniging”
Legalized as “Vereeniging”
Was established by 10 merchants
in Pasar Baru Bandung
Beroperasi sebagai Bank
Umum dengan nama
” PT. Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 ”
yang diikuti perubahan logo
Became a Limited Liability Company (Savings Bank)
“PT. Bank Tabungan Himpunan Saudara 1906”
Medco Group masuk
menjadi Pemegang
Saham Pengendali
Operated as Commercial Bank
and changed its name to
“PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906”
followed by changed in company logo”
“Medco Group became
its Controlling Shareholder”
Identitas Korporat berubah
dari Bank HS 1906
menjadi Bank Saudara sekaligus
menjadi Perusahaan publik/terbuka
Changed its Corporate identity
from Bank HS 1906 to
Bank Saudara & became
a Public Company
Perubahan susunan
Pengurus Perseroan serta
penambahan layanan
menjadi salah satu Bank
Kustodian
Changed the composition of
the Bank’s management
as well as introduction of
Custodian Banking Service
Izin beroperasi menjadi
Bank Devisa
Obtained a license to operate as a
Foreign Exchange Bank
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
Menjadi Badan Hukum
dengan nama”PT. Bank Tabungan
Himpunan Saudara 1906”
5
Komposisi Kepemilikan Saham
ShareOwnership Composition
Public
Selama tahun 2008 perseroan melakukan perombakan
struktur organisasi baru dengan penambahan Divisi baru
yaitu Divisi International dan Transactional Banking.
Selama tahun 2008 perseroan terus melakukan
penyempurnaan jasa pelayanan, salah satunya
meningkatkan statusnya menjadi Bank Devisa serta
pendirian beberapa kantor cabang baru di beberapa
wilayah selain Bandung dan Jakarta antara lain
Tasikmalaya, Yogyakarta dan Denpasar serta beberapa
lainnya seperti Serang, Cikarang dengan demikian
nantinya kantor Bank Saudara akan tersebar di beberapa
wilayah yaitu Serang, Tangerang, Jakarta, Bogor,
Cibinong, Sukabumi, Subang, Bandung, Garut,
Sumedang, Kuningan, Majalengka, Cirebon, Semarang,
Surabaya, Tasikmalaya, Yogyakarta dan Denpasar.
Guna memenuhi ketentuan Undang-Undang No. 40 tahun
2007 tentang Perseroan Terbatas, PT Bank Himpunan
Saudara 1906, Tbk telah mengadakan Rapat Umum
Pemegang Saham Luar Biasa (RUPSLB) pada tanggal 11
Agustus 2008 yang memutuskan dan menyetujui
perubahan seluruh Anggaran Dasar Perseroan dalam
rangka penyesuaian terhadap Undang-Undang tersebut.
Dalam Anggaran Dasar Baru tersebut diputuskan pula
untuk meningkatkan Modal Dasar Perseroan dari Rp. 400
miliar menjadi Rp. 600 miliar, yang tentunya hal ini
menunjukan komitmen pemegang saham pengendali serta
manajemen perseroan secara bertahap meningkatkan
modal disetor serta terus berupaya meningkatkan kinerja
perseroan yang semakin lebih baik dimasa yang akan
datang.
Dalam upaya peningkatan pelayanan serta lebih
mendekatkan diri dengan masyarakat, PT Bank Himpunan
Saudara 1906, Tbk selain meningkatkan kemampuan
SDM yang lebih profesional, sistem teknologi yang
semakin baik serta produk-produk yang inovatif serta
menarik bagi masyarakat, jaringan kantor kelak akan
semakin diperluas, tidak hanya di wilayah pulau Jawa,
tetapi juga akan merambah ke luar pulau Jawa seperti
Sumatera, Kalimantan, Sulawesi dan Irian Jaya.
06
In 2008, the Company had made changes to its
organization structure by adding a new Division, the
International and Transactional Banking Division.
Throughout 2008, the company continued to improve its
services by enhancing its status to that of a Foreign
Exchange Bank as well as established new branch offices
in a number of areas outside Bandung and Jakarta, among
others, in Tasikmalaya, Yogyakarta and Denpasar as well
as in several other places such as in Serang and Cikarang.
Eventually the offices of Bank Saudara will spread in a
number of areas such as: Serang, Tangerang, Jakarta,
Bogor, Cibinong, Sukabumi, Subang, Bandung, Garut,
Sumedang,Kuningan, Majalengka, Cirebon, Semarang,
Surabaya, Tasikmalaya, Yogyakarta and Denpasar.
In order to fulfill Law No. 40 - 2007 concerning Limited
Liability Company, PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906 Tbk
conducted an Extraordinary General Shareholder Meeting
(RUPSLB) on 11 August 2008 which decided and approved
changes of all Company's Articles of Association to
conform with the said Law. In the New Articles of
Association, it was also decided to increase the Company's
Authorized Capital from Rp. 400 billion to Rp. 600 billion.
This increase indicated the commitment of the controlling
shareholder and the company's management towards
increasing paid-in capital in stages as well as continuing its
efforts to improve the company's performance.
In its efforts to improve its services and to place itself closer
to the public, PT Bank Himpunan Saudara 1906, Tbk
improved not only the capability of its Human Resources to
be more professional, but also improved its technology
system, developed innovative and attractive products for
the public and expanded its network of offices not only in
Java, but also in islands outside Java such as Sumatra,
Kalimantan, Sulawesi and Irian Jaya.
Ikhtisar Keuangan
Financial Summary
2008
BALANCE SHEETS
(In billion Rupiah)
Jumlah aktiva
554,84
746,90
1.041,20
1.463,05
1.977,15
423,64
569,91
724,03
1.164,20
1.525,99
473,69
647,86
855,96
1.240,20
1.493,14
46,19
77,95
141,03
162,81
181,00
47,084
82,55
147,17
173,66
196,60
Total Assets
Kredit yang diberikan
Loans
Deposits From Customers
Tier-1 Capital
Equity
STATEMENT OF INCOME
2008
(In Billions of Rupiah)
68,13
73,82
83,42
2,26
2,36
2,35
3,40
4,65
17,12
11,39
19,17
45,86
55,77
0,97
7,61
13,09
31,60
37,66
138,23
178,18
Net Interest income
Non Interest income
Income Before Tax
Net Income
2008
FINANCIAL RATIOS
Rasio Laba Bersih terhadap Aktiva
3,78%
1,85%
2,20%
3,73%
3,00%
Rasio Laba Bersih terhadap Modal
6,91%
13,63%
14,26%
20,25%
21,63%
Marjin Bunga Bersih
15,10%
12,79%
9,84%
12,37%
10,46%
Rasio Beban Operasional terhadap Pendapatan Operasional
79,82%
89,40%
87,61%
80,70%
82,42%
89,43%
87,97%
84,57%
93,87%
102,19%
12,28%
15,86%
21,41%
15,06%
12,86%
21,41%
14,99%
12,75%
Return On Assets
Return On Equity
Net Interest Margin
Operating Expenses to Operat. Revenues
Rasio Kredit terhadap Dana Pihak Ketiga
Loans to Deposit Ratio
Rasio Kecukupan Modal dengan memperhitungkan Risiko Kredit
Capital Adequacy Ratio With Credit Risk
- Kredit dan
Rasio Kecukupan Modal dengan memperhitungkan Risiko
Risiko Pasar
-
Capital Adequacy Ratio With Credit Risk
and Market Risk
0,46%
0,40%
1,72%
1,18%
1,17%
0,34%
0,30%
0,90%
0,45%
0,56%
Non Performing Loan - Gross
Non Performing Loan - Net
Total Employees
Total Branches
2008
472
41
30
Total ATMs
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
OTHERS
07
Indikator Keuangan
Financial Indicators
JUMLAH AKTIVA
LABA BERSIH
Total Assets
Dalam miliar rupiah
In Billion of Rupiah
KREDIT
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
08
Dalam miliar rupiah
In Billion of Rupiah
SIMPANAN NASABAH
Credit
Dalam miliar rupiah
In Billion of Rupiah
Net Income
Dalam miliar rupiah
In Billion of Rupiah
Deposits from Customers
Tinjauan Perekonomian Indonesia
A Review Of The Indonesian Economy
KONDISI MAKRO EKONOMI
MACRO ECONOMIC CONDITION
Secara umum, perekonomian Indonesia tahun 2008
berada dalam trend yang menurun akibat tekanan pada
pertumbuhan ekonomi global sebagai dampak krisis
keuangan di Amerika Serikat (AS). Namun demikian,
pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia yang berada di kisaran
6% masih lebih baik di kawasan regional. Sementara itu,
menurunnya harga minyak dunia menjadi dibawah 45 US
dollar per barel memberikan pengaruh terhadap
penurunan laju imported inflation dan harga-harga di
Indonesia. Pertumbuhan ekonomi pada periode tersebut
sebesar 6,11% atau turun dibanding periode 2007 yaitu
sebesar 6,33% masih dipengaruhi oleh konsumsi rumah
tangga dengan pangsa lebih dari 50% terhadap produk
domestik bruto (PDB). Adapun kegiatan investasi dan
ekspor menunjukan kinerja yang sedikit menurun dengan
pertumbuhan rata-rata hanya sebesar 11,99%
dan
14,33% sepanjang tahun 2008.
In general, the 2008 Indonesian economic situation was in
a declining trend due to pressures on the global economic
growth arising from the financial crisis in the United States
(US). However, the economic growth of Indonesia was still
in the range of 6%, which was better compared to the
regional economic growth. Meanwhile, the reduced world
oil price to below 45 US dollar per barrel also led to
decreased imported inflation rates and prices in Indonesia.
The economic growth during that period was 6.11% or
lower than the 2007 economic growth of 6.33%, a growth
rate which was still affected by household consumption that
accounted for more than 50% of the gross domestic
product (GDP). Investment and export activities showed a
slightly declining performance with an average growth of
only 11.9% and 14.33%, respectively, during 2008.
Sementara itu, turunnya harga komoditas primer di pasar
dunia berdampak buruk terhadap kinerja ekspor selama
tahun 2008. Pertumbuhan ekspor yang melambat
terutama terjadi pada barang tambang dan pertanian.
Beberapa produk tambang yang mengalami penurunan
antara lain crude palm oil (CPO), batubara, dan nikel.
Sedangkan ekspor migas juga belum optimal akibat
terbatasnya kenaikan produksi dan harga minyak dunia
yang berada pada level terendah.
Nilai tukar rupiah pada akhir tahun 2008 secara umum
cenderung melemah dengan volatilitas yang meningkat.
Nilai tukar rupiah terhadap dolar AS secara rata-rata
melemah 18,38% dari Rp 9.420 per dolar pada akhir 2007
menjadi Rp 11.150 per dolar pada akhir 2008. Perlemahan
nilai tukar rupiah selama 2008 didorong oleh kondisi
ekonomi global yang secara umum kurang kondusif.
Perlemahan nilai tukar rupiah terhadap US dollar sangat
dalam yang sempat di level Rp. 12.200-an karena
kebutuhan US dollar untuk kewajiban pembayaran utang
korporasi yang meningkat pada akhir tahun dan penarikan
dana oleh pelaku pasar asing sebagai pemenuhan
likuiditas. Pasokan US dollar mengalami penurunan
secara signifikan seiring dengan penurunan dana hasil
ekspor yang masuk ke Indonesia dan ditempatkan di luar
negeri seperti Singapura dan aliran modal keluar atas
portofolio asing dari pasar keuangan Indonesia.
Meanwhile, the decreased primary commodity prices in the
world market badly affected export performance during
2008. The slower export growth was especially apparent in
mining and agricultural products. A decline occurred in
several mining products, among others coal and nickel
while in the agricultural products, crude palm oil (CPO).
Meanwhile the oil and gas export was also not optimal yet
due to the fact that production increase was limited, and
that the world oil price was then at the lowest level.
The rupiah exchange rate at the end of 2008 was in general
weakened with increased volatility. The rupiah exchange
rate against US dollar in average declined 18.38% from
IDR9,420 per dollar at the end of 2007 to IDR11,150 per
dollar at the end of 2008. The weakening of rupiah
exchange rate value in 2008 was attributable to the
generally unfavourable global economic condition. A very
sharp decrease of rupiah exchange rate value against the
US dollar was seen when the rate touched the level of
around IDR12,200 which arose from the increased need of
US dollar for corporation loan payment at the end of the
year and withdrawal of fund by foreign market players to
meet liquidity requirement. The US dollar supply was
reduced significantly together with the drop of export
income into Indonesia and the placement of funds to other
countries such as Singapore as well as capital outflow of
foreign portfolio from the Indonesian financial market.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
Pengaruh kebijakan moneter yang ketat dan penurunan
daya beli masyarakat sangat mempengaruhi perlambatan
konsumsi swasta. Tingkat suku bunga kredit yang masih
tinggi mengakibatkan sumber pembiayaan konsumsi dari
perbankan mengalami penurunan. Pertumbuhan investasi
juga mengalami penurunan seiring kondisi likuiditas yang
masih ketat di perbankan nasional. Likuiditas perbankan
nasional mengalami pengetatan seiring pertumbuhan
kredit yang sangat agresif pada awal tahun 2008 yang tidak
diimbangi oleh pertumbuhan dana pihak ketiga (DPK) yang
cenderung melambat.
The impact of the tight monetary policy and public's
reduced purchasing power very much affected the slowing
down of private consumption. Continuing high loan interest
rate led to decreased banking sector's source of
consumption loan funding. The investment growth also
declined in line with the national banking sector's still tight
liquidity condition. The national banking sector's liquidity
became tighter along with a very aggressive loan growth in
early 2008 which was not offset by third party fund (TPF)
growth as its growth inclined to be slower.
09
Upaya pencairan pinjaman lembaga keuangan
international untuk memperkuat cadangan devisa hingga
mencapai US$ 50,58 milyar pada akhir 2008 menjaga nilai
tukar rupiah tidak jatuh lebih dalam.
Efforts to strengthen the foreign exchange reserve to reach
US$50.50 billion through loan from international monetary
organization at the end of 2008 was aimed at preventing
further downslide of rupiah exchange rate.
Inflasi indeks harga konsumen (IHK) pada tahun 2008 naik
menjadi 11,77% dibanding tahun 2007 sebesar 6,59%.
Tingkat inflasi tersebut berada jauh di atas target Bank
Indonesia (BI) sebesar 5% plus minus 1%. Berdasarkan
faktor fundamental, peningkatan tingkat inflasi pada 2008
tercermin pada inflasi inti. Peningkatan laju inflasi
disebabkan oleh naiknya tekanan inflasi terutama berasal
dari tingginya tekanan inflasi administrated price. Tekanan
inflasi administrated price meningkat terkait dengan
peningkatan harga bahan bakar minyak (BBM) bersubsidi
untuk kendaraan bermotor. Adapun pencapaian sasaran
inflasi telah ditetapkan sebagai berikut sebesar 5,5% plus
minus 1% pada tahun 2009, 5% plus minus 1% pada tahun
2010 dan 4.5% plus minus 1% pada tahun 2011.
The consumer price index (CPI) inflation in 2008 increased
to 11.77% compared to inflation in 2007, which was 6.59%.
The inflation rate was far above Bank Indonesia's target,
which was set at 5% plus minus 1%. Based on the
fundamental factors, the increased inflation rate in 2008
was reflected in the core inflation. Inflation rate escalated
as the high inflation pressure was triggered mainly by the
high administrated price inflation pressure. The rise in
administrated price inflation pressure was related to rising
subsidized fuel price for motor vehicles. Meanwhile,
inflation target is projected at 5.5% plus minus 1% in 2009,
5% plus minus I % in 2010 and 4.5% plus minus I % in 2011.
Sejalan dengan kenaikan harga bahan bakar minyak
(BBM) bersubsidi, BI pada tahun 2008 mulai menerapkan
kebijakan kenaikan suku bunga secara bertahap. Kondisi
perekonomian pada awal 2008 ditandai dengan mulai
meningkatnya tekanan terhadap inflasi dan pada paro
kedua 2008 dihadapkan pada kondisi nilai tukar rupiah
yang rentan terhadap gejolak eksternal. Sementara itu,
kebijakan moneter yang longgar diterapkan sejumlah bank
sentral di luar negeri yang bertujuan meningkatan stimulus
ekonomi masih belum berdampak pada likuiditas
perekonomian Indonesia. Hal tersebut memberi peluang
bagi BI untuk menurunkan BI rate menjadi 9.25% di akhir
tahun 2008. Sampai dengan akhir 2008 BI rate mencapai
9.25% baru mengalami penurunan kali pertama sebesar
25 basis points (bps) pada periode Desember 2008.
Kebijakan moneter yang ditempuh belum direspon positif
oleh pasar keuangan dan belum menumbuhkan optimisme
pelaku ekonomi di sektor riil. Di pasar keuangan, pasar
keuangan tercermin dari penurunan aktivitas perdagangan
di Bursa Efek Intonesia dan turunnya Indeks Harga Saham
Gabungan (IHSG) secara signifikan. Di akhir tahun 2008,
IHSG ditutup pada level 1.345,46 atau turun 51%
dibanding tahun sebelumnya. Investor asing masih
mencatatkan nett beli di pasar saham sebesar Rp 180
milyar perhari pada periode November 2008. Sementara
itu kapitalisasi asing turun sangat signifikan menjadi
sebesar Rp 404 trilyun dari sebesar Rp 771,4 trilyun pada
periode tahun sebelumnya.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
10
Secara prosentase porsi kapitalisasi asing terhadap
seluruh kapitalisasi pasar saham juga mengalami
penurunan hingga mencapai 64,1%. Selain itu,
perdagangan di pasar Surat Utang Negara (SUN) juga
semakin menurun dengan yield yang cenderung naik.
Secara rata-rata harian volume perdagangan SUN turun
menjadi Rp 3,2 trilyun dari sebelumnya sebesar Rp 5,52
trilyun.
Along with the increase in the price of subsidized fuel, in in
2008 Bank Indonesia commenced to gradually raise the
interest rate. The economic condition in early 2008 was
characterized by increasing pressure to inflation and in the
second half of the year, rupiah was vulnerable to external
factors. Furthermore, loose monetary policy with the
purpose of increasing economic stimulus applied by some
foreign central banks had not yet affected the liquidity of the
Indonesian economy. This gave Bank Indonesia an
opportunity to reduce BI rate to 9.25% at the end of 2008.
Until the end of 2008, BI rate reached 9.25%, which means
that it only had one reduction of 25 base points (bps) in the
period of December 2008.
The monetary policy taken has not yet positively received
by the financial market and has yet to foster optimism
among economic players in the real sector. In the financial
market, the market condition was obviously reflected by the
slowing down of trading activities in the stock exchange
market and the significant reduction of Stock Exchange
Composite Index (SECI). At the end of 2008, the SECI was
closed at 1,345.46 or a decrease of 51% as compared to
the figure of the previous year. Foreign investors still
recorded a net buy of 1DR 180 billion per day at the stock
market during the period of November 2008. Whereas, the
foreign capitalization significantly declined to Rp 404 trillion
from Rp 771.4 trillion during the same period of the previous
year.
In terms of percentage, the foreign capitalization portion of
all stock market capitalization was also reduced to 64.1 %.
Aside from the above, trading of the Government Securities
(SUN) decreased with the increase in yield. On average,the
daily trading volume of the Government Securities (SUN)
was reduced to Rp 3.2 trillion from a previous volume of
Rp 5.52 trillion.
Surplus Neraca Pembayaran Indonesia (NPI) masih
berasal dari sisi neraca transaksi berjalan, sementara
neraca modal dan financial mencatat surplus namun lebih
rendah. Penurunan volume dan nilai ekspor yang signifikan
terjadi pada produk unggulan seperti kelapa sawit mentah
(CPO) dan batubara. Berdasarkan negara tujuan ekspor,
konsentrasi negara tujuan ekspor kepada lima negara
mulai sedikit berubah. Negara-negara tersebut adalah
China, Singapura, Jepang, AS dan Malaysia. Nilai ekspor
Indonesia sampai November 2008 berada pada kisaran
USD 136 milyar dengan peningkatan sebesar 13% Year on
Year (yoy) dibandingkan tahun sebelumnya. Di sisi lain nilai
impor sampai dengan November 2008 mencapai pada
kisaran USD 90 milyar atau meningkat 6% dibanding tahun
sebelumnya. Berdasarkan negara asalnya pangsa impor
diantara lima negara utama adalah Jepang, Singapura,
China, AS dan Thailand. Perkembangan ekspor dan impor
menciptakan surplus perdagangan sebesar USD 16 milyar
sehingga NPI sampai dengan triwulan III 2008 mencatat
surplus sekitar US$ 2,6 miliar. Jumlah cadangan devisa
pada akhir periode tersebut stabil di posisi US$ 50,58 miliar
atau setara kebutuhan pembiayaan impor dan
pembayaran utang luar negeri pemerintah selama 4 bulan.
The surplus of Indonesia Balance of Payment (BOP) still
came from the balance of ongoing transactions while the
capital and financial balance recorded a lower surplus. A
significant reduction in export volume and value
wereapparent in the core products such as crude palm oil
(CPO) and coal. Based on destination countries, the
concentration of destination countries of exported goods
which consisted of five countries has started to slightly
change. The said countries were China, Singapore, Japan,
US and Malaysia. The Indonesian export value until
November 2008 was around Rp 136 billion with an increase
of 13% Year on Year (yoy) as compared to the previous
year. On the other hand, the import value up to November
2008 reached around USD 90 billion or an increase of 6%
as compared to the previous year. On importation, the five
main countries based on origin were Japan, Singapore,
China, US and Thailand. The development of export and
import created a trading surplus of USD 16 billion, as such,
until the 3rd quarter of 2008, BOP recorded a surplus of
around USD 2.6 billion. The amount of foreign currency
reserve at the end of that period was stable at USD 50.58
billions or an equivalent of 4 months of import cost and
government's foreign loan payment requirements.
PERBANKAN NASIONAL
NATIONAL BANKING SECTOR
NATIONAL BANKING SECTOR
Pada 2008, kredit perbankan tumbuh 37,1% menjadi
Rp 1.343,5 trilyun yang berarti lebih tinggi dari sasaran
awal tahun sebesar 25% maupun pertumbuhan kredit
pada 2007. Dari sisi permintaan, kenaikan harga BBM
pada pertengahan tahun 2008 berakibat pada peningkatan
ongkos produksi dan modal kerja perusahaan
In general, the banking condition in 2008 showed a
satisfactory performance although the perception of bank
risk over the real sector and the failure by Century Bank
over its clearing activity still lingered. Liquidity difficulties at
Century Bank resulted in clearing failure as much as Rp 15
billion in the month of November 2008. Yet, the government
through Deposit Insurance Agency or known as LPS
(Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan) finally took over Century
Bank to provide a sense of certainty to the customers. Swift
action done by the government succeeded in avoiding the
risk of huge fund withdrawals from the national banking
system by the public. To improve the financial performance
of Century Bank, its acquisition is still an ongoing process.
In 2008, the banking credit grew 37.1 % to IDR. 1,343.5
trillion which was much higher than the initial target of 25%
or credit growth in 2007. From the demand side, the price of
fuel in mid-2008 which increased production cost and
company working capital
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
Secara umum, kondisi perbankan pada 2008 menunjukan
kinerja yang cukup baik walaupun masih melekat persepsi
risiko bank terhadap kondisi sektor riil dan kegagalan
kegiatan kliring oleh Bank Century. Kesulitan likuiditas di
Bank Century berdampak gagal kliring pada bulan
November 2008. Namun demikian pemerintah melalui
Lembaga Penjamin Simpanan (LPS) akhirnya mengambil
alih Bank Century dengan pertimbangan untuk
memberikan kepastian kepada nasabah. Tindakan cepat
pemerintah tersebut telah menghindari risiko penarikan
dana secara besar-besaran oleh masyarakat dari sistem
perbankan nasional. Adapun guna meningkatkan kinerja
keuangan Bank Century, ke depan proses akuisisi masih
tetap terus berjalan.
11
merupakan faktor penyebab meningkatnya permintaan
kredit. Tingginya realisasi kredit tersebut diikuti oleh
membaiknya kualitas kredit seperti tercermin pada
menurunnya rasio NPL baik secara gross maupun nett
menjadi masing-masing sebesar 3,9% dan 1,4%.
Cukup baiknya perkembangan kredit dibandingkan Dana
Pihak Ketiga (DPK) juga telah mendorong naiknya Loan
To Deposit Ratio (LDR) perbankan mencapai tingkat
tertinggi yaitu 80,2%. Kenaikan posisi kredit ditopang oleh
seluruh jenis kredit dengan kenaikan tertinggi terjadi pada
Kredit Modal Kerja (KMK). Alokasi dana perbankan
sebagian besar masih pada kredit diikuti oleh penempatan
antarbank dan SBI. Pangsa kredit dalam aktiva produktif
mencapai 75,7%, sedangkan penempatan antarbank dan
SBI mencapai 11,61% dan 7,01%. Pergerakan pangsa
kredit tersebut cenderung semakin membaik, meningkat
dibandingkan akhir tahun 2007 yang mencapai 55,7%.
Penempatan dana perbankan pada surat berharga
umumnya sebagian besar dalam bentuk Surat Utang
Negara (SUN) dengan pangsa yang relatif stabil sejak
tahun 2007. Sementara itu, pangsa penempatan dana
perbankan pada SBI cenderung terus menurun dari akhir
tahun 2007 sebesar 13,15% menjadi 7,01% pada tahun
2007.
Pada tahun 2008, DPK mengalami peningkatan lebih dari
Rp 165 trilyun atau tumbuh sekitar 10,82% menjadi Rp
1.674,2 trilyun. Jumlah tersebut membiayai sekitar 74,9%
dari total asset perbankan. Berdasarkan komposisinya,
deposito masih merupakan bentuk DPK yang terbesar
dengan pangsa 46%, dengan kecenderungan meningkat.
Adapun tabungan dan giro lebih stabil dengan pangsa
masing-masing sebesar 27,4% dan 26,6%.
Perkembangan ini terjadi karena terdapat kecenderungan
peningkatan suku bunga sehingga investasi masyarakat
cenderung dialihkan pada simpanan perbankan.
Profitabilitas perbankan masih cukup baik yang tercermin
dari ROA sebesar 2,64%, meskipun pendapatan bunga
bersih/ NII cenderung menurun namun masih diimbangi
dengan kenaikan pendapatan non operasional.
Menurunnya biaya operasional perbankan mendorong
membaiknya tingkat efesiensi yang tercermin oleh BOPO
menjadi 83,72%. Permodalan perbankan nasional masih
memiliki daya tahan yang tinggi. Kenaikan ATMR (Aktiva
Tertimbang Menurut Risiko), terutama dari kenaikan kredit
yang prosentase lebih tinggi dari kenaikan modal
menyebabkan rasio permodalan (CAR) perbankan sedikit
menurun menjadi 17.26%.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
12
has become the factor in the rising credit demand. The high
credit realization was followed by a better credit quality as
reflected by the decrease in NPL ratios, both gross and net,
to 3.9% and 1.4%, respectively.
The reasonably good credit development as compared to
the third party fund (TPF) had also pushed the banking
Loan to Deposit Ratio (LDR) up to its highest level of 80.2%.
The rising credit position was supported by all types of
credit with the highest increase occurring in the working
capital credit (WCC). Most of banking fund allocation was
still in the credit area followed by inter-bank placement and
Bank Indonesia Certificates (SBI). The credit portion in the
earning asset reached 75.7% while the inter-bank
placement and SBI attained 11.61 % and 7.01 %,
respectively. Movement of the said credit portion was better
and it rose compared to its position at the end of 2007,
which reached 55.7%. In general, the placement of banking
funds in marketable securities was mostly into Government
Securities (SUN) with a relatively stable portion since 2007.
Meanwhile portion of banking funds placed in SBI at the
end of 2007 fell continually
from 13.15% to 7.01 % for the year 2008.
In 2008, TPF increased by more than Rp165 trillion or
a growth of about 10.82% to Rp 1, 674.2 trillion. This
amount funded about 74.9% of the banking's total assets.
Composition wise, time deposits remained the biggest form
of TPF of 46% with a tendency to increase.The savings
deposits and demand deposits accounts were more stable
at 27.4% and 26.6%, respectively. This development
occurred because of the increase in interest rate thus public
investment flow was directed to banking deposits.
Banking profitability was still quite positive, which was
reflected in ROA of 2.64%, despite of the tendency of net
Interest income/NII to decrease, this decrease was
balanced by the increase in non-operating income. The
decrease in banking operating expenses led to an
improved efficiency level as reflected in the increase in
BOPO to 83.72%. National banking capital still had a high
resilience. The increase in Risk-Weighted Assets (RWA)
particularly came from the credit increase with a higher
percentage than capital increase resulting in a slightly
reduced capital asset ratio (CAR) to 17.26%.
WORLD ECONOMIC CONDITION
Perlambatan ekonomi merata di semua kawasan, baik di
negara maju maupun berkembang.
Pertumbuhan
ekonomi dunia semakin melambat dimana hanya tumbuh
3,5% Year on Year (yoy), lebih rendah dari 4% (yoy) periode
sebelumnya. Selain perlambatan ekonomi Amerika
Serikat, kinerja ekonomi dunia semakin tertekan oleh krisis
keuangan sejumlah lembaga keuangan Wall Street
terkemuka sejak pertengahan September 2008. Pasar
keuangan global masih bergejolak sebagai akibat
berlanjutnya tekanan penjualan aset, dan penarikan dana
investor.
Economic slow down affected a// areas, both developed
and developing countries. World economic growth was
slower with a growth of only 3.5% Year on Year (yoy), which
was lower than 4% (yoy) in the previous period. In addition
to the slowing down of the US economy, the world's
economic performance was further pressured by financial
crisis experienced by a number of well-known Wall Street
financial institutions since mid-September 2008. Gloabal
financial market is still volatile as a result of asset selling
and withdrawal of funds by investors.
Pertumbuhan ekonomi negara maju makin memburuk
sebagai dampak konsumsi dan investasi yang menurun
terutama akibat ketatnya pasar keuangan dan jatuhnya
tingkat kepercayaan konsumen dan produsen. Kinerja
ekspor makin tertahan oleh perlambatan permintaan dunia.
Ekonomi AS semakin tertekan oleh krisis keuangan yang
memburuk menyusul krisis keuangan perusahaan Wall
Street terkemuka, termasuk Bearn Stern, Fannie Mae,
Freddie Mac, Lehman Brothers, dan American Insurance
Group (AIG). Perlambatan aktivitas konsumsi dan investasi
di negara maju melemahkan permintaan impor dari negara
berkembang. Ekonomi negara berkembang juga terancam
melambat akibat pengetatan pasar keuangan sebagai
akibat perilaku flight to quality dari investor global yang
menarik penempatan dana pada aset negara berkembang
yang masih dianggap berisiko.
The economic growth of developed countries has
worsened as impacted by the declining consumption and
investment, which in particularly were caused by the tight
financial market and the diminishing consumer and
producer confidence level. Export performance was held
back by slower world demand. US economy received
further pressure caused by deepening financial crisis
following the financial crisis in well-known Wall Street
companies such as Fannie Mae, Beam Stem, Freddie Mac,
Lehman Brothers, and American Insurance Group (AIG).
The slower consumption and investment activities in
developed countries weakened import demand from
developing countries. The economies of developing
countries were also slowing down due to tighter financial
market resulting from "flight to quality" behaviour of global
investors who withdrew their funds placed in developing
countries perceived to be still risky.
Inflasi dunia mencapai 6,3% (yoy) dengan kecenderungan
melemah seiring dengan tren penurunan harga komoditi.
Secara keseluruhan, inflasi di negara berkembang relatif
lebih tinggi daripada negara maju karena besarnya bobot
makanan dalam keranjang Indeks Harga Konsumen dan
masih solidnya permintaan domestik di negara
berkembang. Bank sentral negara maju cenderung
menurunkan suku bunga di tengah perekonomian yang
memburuk dan penurunan permintaan domestik.
Sementara itu, bank sentral negara berkembang
cenderung menahan dan bahkan sebagian menaikan suku
bunga karena tekanan inflasi yang relatif lebih besar. Pasar
keuangan khususnya di negara maju makin ketat dan
volatile seiring dengan tingginya risiko dan ketidakpastian
di pasar keuangan global meski bank sentral negara maju
telah berupaya melonggarkan likuiditas pasar. Suku bunga
LIBOR di Jepang, AS, dan Kawasan Euro cenderung
mendekati suku bunga kebijakan bank sentral. Selain
ketat, volatilitas di pasar keuangan global juga terus
meningkat.
The world inflation reached 6.3% (yoy) with a tendency to
weaken following reduction of prices of commodities.
Overall, inflation in developing countries was relatively
higher than that of developed countries because of the
huge portion of food in the Consumer Price Index basket
and solid domestic demand in developing countries.
Central banks of developed countries tended to reduce
interest rate in the midst of declining economy and
declining domestic demand. While, central banks of
developing countries tended to maintain the interest rate
with some of them even increased interest rate because of
relatively strong inflation pressure. The financial market,
especially in developed countries, became tighter and
volatile in line with the high risk and uncertainty in the global
financial market despite the efforts of developed countries'
central banks to loosen market liquidity. LIBOR rate in
Japan, US and European countries showed a tendency to
follow closely their central banks' interest rate policy. Aside
from being tight, the volatility of global financial market was
also increasing.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
KONDISI PEREKONOMIAN DUNIA
13
PROSPEK EKONOMI 2009
2009 ECONOMIC PROSPECT
Prospek ekonomi Indonesia pada tahun 2009 diperkirakan
akan melemah. Perekonomian tumbuh diperkirakan pada
kisaran 4,5% - 5,5%, lebih rendah dibandingkan
pertumbuhan tahun 2008 sebesar 6,11%. Adapun
konsumsi rumah tangga dan investasi tetap berperan
besar sebagai komponen utama penyumbang
pertumbuhan. Konsumsi rumah tangga diperkirakan stabil
di level 6,5%. Daya beli masyarakat yang menurun,
pertumbuhan ekonomi yang lebih rendah dan sulitnya
pembiayaan seiring dengan meningkatnya risiko yang
melekat diperkirakan akan melemahkan konsumsi swasta.
Tahun 2009 pemerintah mentargetkan defisit APBN
sebesar 2% dari PDB sehingga pangsa konsumsi dan
investasi pemerintah diperkirakan akan meningkat.
Pertumbuhan investasi tahun 2009 diperkirakan sebesar
11% turun dari periode sebelumnya sejalan dengan
penurunan permintaan yang ditopang oleh pertumbuhan
ekonomi yang lebih rendah. Investasi bangunan masih
menjadi pendorong utama bagi pertumbuhan investasi
seiring dengan meningkatnya proyek-proyek infrastruktur
yang dibangun di 2009. Dari sisi pembiayaan, defisit
pemerintah diperkirakan akan mengalami hambatan
karena menurunnya daya serap surat utang negara (SUN).
The prospect of Indonesian economy in 2009 is projected
to weaken. The economic growth is projected to be in a
range of 4.5% - 5.5%, which is lower than the 2008 growth
of 6.11 %. Household consumption and investment will still
play a huge role as the main components that will contribute
to growth. Household consumption is expected to be stable
at 6.5% level. Declining public purchasing power, slow
economic growth and difficulty in financing along with
mounting attached risk are projected to weaken private
consumption. In 2009, the government targets a National
Budget (APBN) deficit of 2% of GNP as such, consumption
and government investment arepredicted to increase.
Investment growth for 2009 is projected to be 11 %, which is
lower than the previous period in line with the decreasing
demand due to a weaker economic growth. Property
investment will still be the main force behind investment
growth along with the increase in the number of
infrastructure projects that will be built in 2009. From the
financing perspective, the government deficit is predicted
to face barriers arising from the lower absorption of
Government Securities (SUN).
Kegiatan ekspor akan cenderung menurun dengan
pertumbuhan diperkirakan hanya sebesar 12%.
Menurunnya pertumbuhan ekspor disebabkan oleh
volume perdagangan dunia yang diperkirakan mengalami
penurunan. Selain itu, kecenderungan penurunan harga
komoditas di pasar dunia, dan pelemahan ekonomi dunia
memberikan dampak bagi penurunan penyerapan produk
eksport Indonesia. Impor barang dan jasa diperkirakan
tumbuh 15% yang disebabkan bergesernya pangsa pasar
dari Amerika Serikat dan Eropa ke negara-negara
berkembang. Dari sisi jenis barang, pertumbuhan impor
diperkirakan didorong oleh impor barang konsumsi dan
barang modal. Pertumbuhan ekonomi sisi penawaran
didukung terutama oleh sektor pengolahan, sektor
perdagangan, hotel, restoran, serta sektor pengangkutan
dan telekomunikasi. Sektor industri pengolahan di 2009
diperkirakan cenderung menurun seiring menurunnya
konsumsi swasta.
Bank Saudara Annual Report 2008
14
Nilai tukar rupiah pada 2009 diperkirakan bergerak sedikit
melemah yang didorong oleh ketatnya likuiditas US dollar
di pasar. Namun demikian, tekanan rupiah diperkirakan
tidak terlalu dalam yang terutama ditopang oleh terjaganya
faktor fundamental ekonomi domestik. Selain itu, kondisi
Neraca Pembayaran Indonesia (NPI) yang masih surplus
berpotensi meningkatkan cadangan devisa sehingga
berpengaruh positip terhadap pergerakan nilai tukar
rupiah. Dari sisi eksternal, sejalan dengan perkiraan
depresiasi dolar AS secara global akibat kecenderungan
penurunan suku bunga The Fed juga akan mengurangi
tekanan terhadap nilai tukar rupiah. NPI diperkirakan
masih akan mencatat surplus yang didorong oleh transaksi
berjalan atas kegiatan ekspor. Dengan demikian, posisi
devisa diperkirakan mencapai kisaran USD 55 milyar.
Export activities will tend to fall with a projected growth of
only 12%. Decline in the growth of export will be due to the
projected decrease in trading volume globally. The
reduction in prices of commodities in the global market and
weaker global economy will lead to a decrease in the export
of Indonesian products. Imported goods and services are
expected to grow by 15% due to market shift from US and
European countries to developing countries. Import growth
is expected to be helped by consumption and capital goods
imports. For services, the economic growth will be mainly
supported by processing sector, trading sector, hotel,
restaurant, transportation and telecommunication sectors.
Processing industry sector in 2009 is predicted to decline
due to the reduced private consumption.
Rupiah exchange rate in 2009 is projected to slide down a
little bit due to tight liquidity of US dollar in the market.
Nevertheless, the pressure on rupiah is projected as
insignificant since it is su