Rancang Bangun Mesin Pengering Pakaian Sistem Pompa Kalor Dengan Penambahan Alat Penukar Kalor Tipe Plat Datar
LAMPIRAN 1
Gambar 1. Proses pengerjaan ruang evaporator
Gambar 2. Proses Pemasangan dinding ruang mesin pengering
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gambar 3. Proses Pembuatan Ruang APK
Gambar 4. Proses Pemasangan APK
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gambar 5. Proses Pengecatan
Gambar 6. Alat Penukar Kalor Tipe Plat Datar
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LAMPIRAN 1
Gambar 1. Tampak depan
Gambar 2. Tampak Belakang
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gambar 3. Tampak kanan
Gambar 4. Tampak Kiri
Universitas Sumatera Utara
19.8
1997 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook (SI)
Fig. 4 Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram for Refrigerant 22
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerants
19.9
Refrigerant 22 (Chlorodifluoromethane) Properties of Saturated Liquid and Saturated Vapor
Enthalpy,
Absolute Density, Volume,
kJ/kg
Temp,* Pressure, kg/m3 m3/kg
°C
MPa Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
Entropy,
kJ/(kg·K)
Specific Heat cp,
kJ/(kg·K)
Velocity of
Sound, m/s
cp/cv
Liquid Vapor Vapor Liquid Vapor
Liquid
Vapor
26.01
43.84
57.00
68.51
79.47
335.85
340.24
344.75
349.38
354.11
0.0566
0.1961
0.2916
0.3694
0.4386
2.5752
2.4222
2.3017
2.2033
2.1220
—
—
—
—
—
0.434
0.445
0.458
0.470
0.483
1.285
1.275
1.266
1.258
1.250
8.2980
3.6548
1.7816
0.94476
0.53734
90.24
100.95
111.66
122.36
133.11
358.93
363.82
368.75
373.68
378.58
0.5027
0.5629
0.6197
0.6738
0.7253
2.0545
1.9982
1.9508
1.9109
1.8770
—
1.070
1.070
1.072
1.076
0.497
0.511
0.527
0.544
0.563
1435.5
1429.8
1424.1
1418.4
1412.6
1409.1
0.32405
0.29469
0.26849
0.24507
0.22410
0.21256
143.91
146.08
148.25
150.43
152.61
153.93
383.39
384.35
385.29
386.23
387.17
387.72
0.7748
0.7844
0.7940
0.8035
0.8130
0.8186
1.8480
1.8427
1.8376
1.8326
1.8277
1.8249
1.083
1.085
1.087
1.089
1.091
1.092
0.10518
0.11533
0.12623
0.13793
0.15045
0.16384
0.17815
0.19340
0.20965
0.22693
1406.8
1401.0
1395.1
1389.2
1383.3
1377.3
1371.3
1365.2
1359.1
1352.9
0.20526
0.18832
0.17306
0.15927
0.14680
0.13551
0.12525
0.11593
0.10744
0.09970
154.80
156.99
159.19
161.40
163.61
165.82
168.04
170.27
172.51
174.75
388.09
389.01
389.93
390.84
391.74
392.63
393.52
394.39
395.26
396.12
0.8224
0.8317
0.8410
0.8502
0.8594
0.8685
0.8776
0.8866
0.8955
0.9044
1.8230
1.8184
1.8140
1.8096
1.8054
1.8013
1.7973
1.7934
1.7896
1.7859
−20.00
−18.00
−16.00
−14.00
−12.00
0.24529
0.26477
0.28542
0.30728
0.33040
1346.8
1340.5
1334.2
1327.9
1321.5
0.09262
0.08615
0.08023
0.07479
0.06979
177.00
179.26
181.53
183.81
186.09
396.97
397.81
398.64
399.46
400.27
0.9133
0.9222
0.9309
0.9397
0.9484
−10.00
−8.00
−6.00
−4.00
−2.00
0.35482
0.38059
0.40775
0.43636
0.46646
1315.0
1308.5
1301.9
1295.3
1288.6
0.06520
0.06096
0.05706
0.05345
0.05012
188.38
190.69
193.00
195.32
197.66
401.07
401.85
402.63
403.39
404.14
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
0.49811
0.53134
0.56622
0.60279
0.64109
1281.8
1275.0
1268.1
1261.1
1254.0
0.04703
0.04417
0.04152
0.03906
0.03676
200.00
202.35
204.72
207.10
209.49
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
22.00
24.00
26.00
28.00
0.68119
0.72314
0.76698
0.81277
0.86056
0.91041
0.96236
1.0165
1.0728
1.1314
1246.9
1239.7
1232.4
1225.0
1217.6
1210.0
1202.4
1194.6
1186.8
1178.8
0.03463
0.03265
0.03079
0.02906
0.02744
0.02593
0.02451
0.02319
0.02194
0.02077
30.00
32.00
34.00
36.00
38.00
1.1924
1.2557
1.3215
1.3898
1.4606
1170.7
1162.5
1154.2
1145.7
1137.1
40.00
42.00
44.00
46.00
48.00
1.5341
1.6103
1.6892
1.7709
1.8555
50.00
55.00
60.00
65.00
70.00
75.00
80.00
85.00
90.00
95.00
96.14c
−150.00
−140.00
−130.00
−120.00
−110.00
—
—
0.00006
0.00023
0.00074
1701.5
—
1675.3
—
1649.7 229.29
1624.0 63.648
1598.0 21.311
−100.00
−90.00
−80.00
−70.00
−60.00
0.00200
0.00480
0.01035
0.02044
0.03747
1571.7
1545.1
1518.3
1491.1
1463.6
−50.00
−48.00
−46.00
−44.00
−42.00
−40.80b
0.06449
0.07140
0.07890
0.08700
0.09575
0.10132
−40.00
−38.00
−36.00
−34.00
−32.00
−30.00
−28.00
−26.00
−24.00
−22.00
Thermal Cond,
mW/(m·K)
Liquid Vapor
Liquid Vapor
Surface
Tension, Temp,*
mN/m
°C
−150.00
−140.00
−130.00
−120.00
−110.00
123.
128.
132.
136.
140.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
37.59
35.70
33.84
32.00
30.17
1.243 —
1.237 1094.
1.233 1037.
1.231 986.
1.231 937.
144.
147.
150.
153.
156.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
128.0
123.1
—
—
—
—
5.61
28.37 −100.00
26.59 −90.00
24.83 −80.00
23.10 −70.00
21.39 −60.00
0.584
0.589
0.594
0.598
0.603
0.606
1.233
1.233
1.234
1.235
1.236
1.237
890.
881.
871.
862.
853.
847.
158.
159.
159.
160.
160.
160.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
118.4
117.5
116.5
115.6
114.7
114.1
6.31
6.44
6.58
6.71
6.85
6.93
19.70
19.37
19.04
18.70
18.37
18.18
−50.00
−48.00
−46.00
−44.00
−42.00
−40.80
1.093
1.096
1.098
1.101
1.104
1.107
1.110
1.114
1.117
1.121
0.608
0.614
0.619
0.624
0.630
0.636
0.642
0.648
0.654
0.660
1.237
1.239
1.240
1.242
1.243
1.245
1.247
1.249
1.252
1.254
844.
834.
825.
816.
807.
797.
788.
779.
770.
760.
160.
161.
161.
161.
161.
162.
162.
162.
162.
163.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
113.8
112.9
112.0
111.1
110.1
109.2
108.4
107.5
106.6
105.7
6.98
7.11
7.24
7.37
7.50
7.63
7.76
7.89
8.02
8.14
18.05
17.72
17.39
17.07
16.74
16.42
16.10
15.77
—
—
−40.00
−38.00
−36.00
−34.00
−32.00
−30.00
−28.00
−26.00
−24.00
−22.00
1.7822
1.7787
1.7752
1.7719
1.7686
1.125
1.129
1.133
1.137
1.141
0.667
0.674
0.681
0.688
0.695
1.257
1.260
1.263
1.266
1.269
751.
742.
733.
723.
714.
163.
163.
163.
163.
163.
260.1
254.7
249.4
244.2
239.1
—
11.08
11.16
11.24
11.32
104.8
103.9
103.1
102.2
101.3
8.27
8.40
8.52
8.64
8.77
—
—
—
—
—
−20.00
−18.00
−16.00
−14.00
−12.00
0.9571
0.9657
0.9743
0.9829
0.9915
1.7653
1.7621
1.7590
1.7560
1.7530
1.146
1.151
1.156
1.161
1.166
0.703
0.710
0.718
0.727
0.735
1.273
1.277
1.281
1.285
1.289
705.
696.
686.
677.
668.
163.
163.
163.
163.
163.
234.1
229.1
224.2
219.4
214.7
11.40
11.48
11.56
11.64
11.72
100.4
99.6
98.7
97.9
97.0
8.89
9.02
9.14
9.26
9.38
—
—
—
—
—
−10.00
−8.00
−6.00
−4.00
−2.00
404.87
405.59
406.30
406.99
407.67
1.0000
1.0085
1.0170
1.0254
1.0338
1.7500
1.7471
1.7443
1.7415
1.7387
1.171
1.177
1.183
1.189
1.195
0.744
0.753
0.762
0.772
0.782
1.294
1.299
1.305
1.310
1.316
658.
649.
640.
630.
621.
163.
163.
163.
163.
163.
210.1
205.6
201.2
196.9
192.6
11.80
11.88
11.96
12.04
12.12
96.2
95.3
94.5
93.6
92.8
9.50
9.63
9.75
9.87
9.99
—
—
—
—
—
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
211.89
214.31
216.74
219.18
221.63
224.10
226.59
229.09
231.60
234.14
408.33
408.97
409.60
410.21
410.80
411.38
411.93
412.46
412.98
413.46
1.0422
1.0506
1.0590
1.0673
1.0756
1.0840
1.0923
1.1006
1.1088
1.1171
1.7360
1.7333
1.7306
1.7280
1.7254
1.7228
1.7202
1.7177
1.7151
1.7126
1.202
1.208
1.215
1.223
1.230
1.238
1.246
1.254
1.263
1.272
0.792
0.802
0.813
0.825
0.837
0.849
0.862
0.875
0.889
0.904
1.323
1.330
1.337
1.345
1.353
1.361
1.370
1.380
1.391
1.402
611.
602.
592.
583.
573.
564.
554.
544.
535.
525.
163.
162.
162.
162.
162.
161.
161.
160.
160.
160.
188.5
184.4
180.5
176.6
172.8
169.1
165.4
161.9
158.4
155.0
12.20
12.28
12.36
12.44
12.52
—
—
—
—
—
92.0
91.1
90.3
89.5
88.7
87.8
87.0
86.2
85.4
84.6
10.11
10.23
10.35
10.47
10.59
10.71
10.82
10.94
11.06
11.18
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
22.00
24.00
26.00
28.00
0.01968
0.01864
0.01767
0.01675
0.01589
236.69
239.25
241.84
244.44
247.06
413.93
414.37
414.79
415.18
415.54
1.1254
1.1336
1.1419
1.1501
1.1584
1.7101
1.7075
1.7050
1.7024
1.6999
1.282
1.292
1.302
1.313
1.325
0.919
0.935
0.952
0.970
0.989
1.413
1.426
1.440
1.454
1.470
515.
506.
496.
486.
476.
159.
159.
158.
158.
157.
151.7
148.5
145.4
142.3
139.3
—
—
—
—
—
83.8
83.0
82.2
81.4
80.6
11.30
11.42
11.54
11.66
11.78
—
—
—
—
—
30.00
32.00
34.00
36.00
38.00
1128.4
1119.5
1110.4
1101.2
1091.8
0.01507
0.01430
0.01357
0.01288
0.01223
249.71
252.37
255.06
257.77
260.51
415.87
416.17
416.44
416.68
416.87
1.1667
1.1749
1.1832
1.1915
1.1998
1.6973
1.6947
1.6921
1.6894
1.6867
1.338
1.351
1.365
1.380
1.396
1.009
1.030
1.052
1.076
1.102
1.486
1.504
1.524
1.545
1.568
466.
456.
446.
436.
426.
156.
156.
155.
154.
153.
136.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
79.8
79.0
78.2
77.4
76.6
11.90
12.02
12.14
12.26
12.38
—
—
—
—
—
40.00
42.00
44.00
46.00
48.00
1.9431
2.1753
2.4274
2.7008
2.9967
1082.1
1057.1
1030.5
1001.8
970.4
0.01161
0.01020
0.00895
0.00784
0.00684
263.27
270.31
277.56
285.06
292.90
417.03
417.24
417.14
416.65
415.69
1.2081
1.2291
1.2503
1.2718
1.2940
1.6840
1.6768
1.6692
1.6610
1.6518
1.414
1.464
1.528
1.611
1.726
1.129
1.209
1.307
1.435
1.609
1.593
1.667
1.762
1.888
2.064
415.
389.
362.
335.
306.
153.
150.
148.
145.
142.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
50.00
55.00
60.00
65.00
70.00
3.3168
3.6627
4.0368
4.4416
4.8820
4.9900
935.3
894.8
845.1
777.5
665.4
523.8
0.00594
0.00511
0.00433
0.00355
0.00264
0.00191
301.18
310.10
320.05
331.98
348.86
366.59
414.09
411.60
407.72
401.33
387.46
366.59
1.3169
1.3413
1.3680
1.3998
1.4442
1.4918
1.6413
1.6287
1.6128
1.5907
1.5491
1.4918
1.896
2.176
2.725
4.186
—
∞
1.862
2.268
3.039
5.041
—
∞
2.324
2.748
3.555
5.643
—
∞
276.
244.
209.
170.
—
0.
138.
134.
129.
124.
—
0.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
∞
—
—
—
—
—
∞
—
—
—
—
—
0.00
75.00
80.00
85.00
90.00
95.00
96.14
*temperatures are on the ITS−90 scale
b = normal boiling point
—
—
—
—
—
Viscosity,
µPa·s
c = critical point
Universitas Sumatera Utara
658
A P P E N D I X A Tables
Table A-5 Properties of air at atmospheric pressure.†
The values of µ, k, cp , and Pr are not strongly pressure-dependent
and may be used over a fairly wide range of pressures
T ,K
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
ρ
kg/m3
cp
kJ/kg · ◦ C
µ × 105
kg/m· s
ν × 106
m2 /s
k
W/m · ◦ C
α × 104
m2 /s
Pr
3.6010
2.3675
1.7684
1.4128
1.1774
0.9980
0.8826
0.7833
0.7048
0.6423
0.5879
0.5430
0.5030
0.4709
0.4405
0.4149
0.3925
0.3716
0.3524
0.3204
0.2947
0.2707
0.2515
0.2355
0.2211
0.2082
0.1970
0.1858
0.1762
0.1682
0.1602
0.1538
0.1458
0.1394
1.0266
1.0099
1.0061
1.0053
1.0057
1.0090
1.0140
1.0207
1.0295
1.0392
1.0551
1.0635
1.0752
1.0856
1.0978
1.1095
1.1212
1.1321
1.1417
1.160
1.179
1.197
1.214
1.230
1.248
1.267
1.287
1.309
1.338
1.372
1.419
1.482
1.574
1.688
0.6924
1.0283
1.3289
1.5990
1.8462
2.075
2.286
2.484
2.671
2.848
3.018
3.177
3.332
3.481
3.625
3.765
3.899
4.023
4.152
4.44
4.69
4.93
5.17
5.40
5.63
5.85
6.07
6.29
6.50
6.72
6.93
7.14
7.35
7.57
1.923
4.343
7.490
11.31
15.69
20.76
25.90
31.71
37.90
44.34
51.34
58.51
66.25
73.91
82.29
90.75
99.3
108.2
117.8
138.6
159.1
182.1
205.5
229.1
254.5
280.5
308.1
338.5
369.0
399.6
432.6
464.0
504.0
543.5
0.009246
0.013735
0.01809
0.02227
0.02624
0.03003
0.03365
0.03707
0.04038
0.04360
0.04659
0.04953
0.05230
0.05509
0.05779
0.06028
0.06279
0.06525
0.06752
0.0732
0.0782
0.0837
0.0891
0.0946
0.100
0.105
0.111
0.117
0.124
0.131
0.139
0.149
0.161
0.175
0.02501
0.05745
0.10165
0.15675
0.22160
0.2983
0.3760
0.4222
0.5564
0.6532
0.7512
0.8578
0.9672
1.0774
1.1951
1.3097
1.4271
1.5510
1.6779
1.969
2.251
2.583
2.920
3.262
3.609
3.977
4.379
4.811
5.260
5.715
6.120
6.540
7.020
7.441
0.770
0.753
0.739
0.722
0.708
0.697
0.689
0.683
0.680
0.680
0.680
0.682
0.684
0.686
0.689
0.692
0.696
0.699
0.702
0.704
0.707
0.705
0.705
0.705
0.705
0.705
0.704
0.704
0.702
0.700
0.707
0.710
0.718
0.730
† From Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Circ. 564, 1955.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2
4
3
1
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
JLH
Kontrol Panel
Ruang Kondensor
Ruang Evaporator
Ruang Pengering
NAMA
Papan Triplek
Plat Aluminium
Plat Aluminium
Plat Aluminium
MATERIAL
Skala : 1:1
Digambar : TEAM
Satuan Ukuran : mm
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
NORMALISASI
INFORMASI
Keterangan:
Tanggal : 5-10-2015
DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK MESIN
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
ASEMBLING
No.01
Universitas Sumatera Utara
A4
7
5
6
8
8
7
6
5
1
4
1
1
JLH
Dudukan
Pipa Elbow PVC
Alat Penukar Kalor
Ruang Alat penukar Kalor
NAMA
Besi Hollow
Plat Seng
Plat Aluminium
MATERIAL
Skala : 1:1
Digambar : TEAM
Satuan Ukuran : mm
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
NORMALISASI
INFORMASI
Keterangan:
Tanggal : 5-10-2015
DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK MESIN
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
ASEMBLING
No.02
Universitas Sumatera Utara
A4
1000
200
540
750
470
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN DEPAN
A4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1420
700
423
100
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN KANAN
A4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
290
1000
780
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN KIRI
A4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
530
1400
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN BELAKANG
A4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
780
780
770
1400
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
200
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN ATAS
A4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
390
100
770
420
230
123
210
770
123
540
Skala : 1:1
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015 Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
RUANG ALAT PENUKAR KALOR
FT USU
A4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
400
400
400
4
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
ALAT PENUKAR KALOR
A4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gambar 1. Proses pengerjaan ruang evaporator
Gambar 2. Proses Pemasangan dinding ruang mesin pengering
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gambar 3. Proses Pembuatan Ruang APK
Gambar 4. Proses Pemasangan APK
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gambar 5. Proses Pengecatan
Gambar 6. Alat Penukar Kalor Tipe Plat Datar
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LAMPIRAN 1
Gambar 1. Tampak depan
Gambar 2. Tampak Belakang
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gambar 3. Tampak kanan
Gambar 4. Tampak Kiri
Universitas Sumatera Utara
19.8
1997 ASHRAE Fundamentals Handbook (SI)
Fig. 4 Pressure-Enthalpy Diagram for Refrigerant 22
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Thermophysical Properties of Refrigerants
19.9
Refrigerant 22 (Chlorodifluoromethane) Properties of Saturated Liquid and Saturated Vapor
Enthalpy,
Absolute Density, Volume,
kJ/kg
Temp,* Pressure, kg/m3 m3/kg
°C
MPa Liquid Vapor Liquid Vapor
Entropy,
kJ/(kg·K)
Specific Heat cp,
kJ/(kg·K)
Velocity of
Sound, m/s
cp/cv
Liquid Vapor Vapor Liquid Vapor
Liquid
Vapor
26.01
43.84
57.00
68.51
79.47
335.85
340.24
344.75
349.38
354.11
0.0566
0.1961
0.2916
0.3694
0.4386
2.5752
2.4222
2.3017
2.2033
2.1220
—
—
—
—
—
0.434
0.445
0.458
0.470
0.483
1.285
1.275
1.266
1.258
1.250
8.2980
3.6548
1.7816
0.94476
0.53734
90.24
100.95
111.66
122.36
133.11
358.93
363.82
368.75
373.68
378.58
0.5027
0.5629
0.6197
0.6738
0.7253
2.0545
1.9982
1.9508
1.9109
1.8770
—
1.070
1.070
1.072
1.076
0.497
0.511
0.527
0.544
0.563
1435.5
1429.8
1424.1
1418.4
1412.6
1409.1
0.32405
0.29469
0.26849
0.24507
0.22410
0.21256
143.91
146.08
148.25
150.43
152.61
153.93
383.39
384.35
385.29
386.23
387.17
387.72
0.7748
0.7844
0.7940
0.8035
0.8130
0.8186
1.8480
1.8427
1.8376
1.8326
1.8277
1.8249
1.083
1.085
1.087
1.089
1.091
1.092
0.10518
0.11533
0.12623
0.13793
0.15045
0.16384
0.17815
0.19340
0.20965
0.22693
1406.8
1401.0
1395.1
1389.2
1383.3
1377.3
1371.3
1365.2
1359.1
1352.9
0.20526
0.18832
0.17306
0.15927
0.14680
0.13551
0.12525
0.11593
0.10744
0.09970
154.80
156.99
159.19
161.40
163.61
165.82
168.04
170.27
172.51
174.75
388.09
389.01
389.93
390.84
391.74
392.63
393.52
394.39
395.26
396.12
0.8224
0.8317
0.8410
0.8502
0.8594
0.8685
0.8776
0.8866
0.8955
0.9044
1.8230
1.8184
1.8140
1.8096
1.8054
1.8013
1.7973
1.7934
1.7896
1.7859
−20.00
−18.00
−16.00
−14.00
−12.00
0.24529
0.26477
0.28542
0.30728
0.33040
1346.8
1340.5
1334.2
1327.9
1321.5
0.09262
0.08615
0.08023
0.07479
0.06979
177.00
179.26
181.53
183.81
186.09
396.97
397.81
398.64
399.46
400.27
0.9133
0.9222
0.9309
0.9397
0.9484
−10.00
−8.00
−6.00
−4.00
−2.00
0.35482
0.38059
0.40775
0.43636
0.46646
1315.0
1308.5
1301.9
1295.3
1288.6
0.06520
0.06096
0.05706
0.05345
0.05012
188.38
190.69
193.00
195.32
197.66
401.07
401.85
402.63
403.39
404.14
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
0.49811
0.53134
0.56622
0.60279
0.64109
1281.8
1275.0
1268.1
1261.1
1254.0
0.04703
0.04417
0.04152
0.03906
0.03676
200.00
202.35
204.72
207.10
209.49
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
22.00
24.00
26.00
28.00
0.68119
0.72314
0.76698
0.81277
0.86056
0.91041
0.96236
1.0165
1.0728
1.1314
1246.9
1239.7
1232.4
1225.0
1217.6
1210.0
1202.4
1194.6
1186.8
1178.8
0.03463
0.03265
0.03079
0.02906
0.02744
0.02593
0.02451
0.02319
0.02194
0.02077
30.00
32.00
34.00
36.00
38.00
1.1924
1.2557
1.3215
1.3898
1.4606
1170.7
1162.5
1154.2
1145.7
1137.1
40.00
42.00
44.00
46.00
48.00
1.5341
1.6103
1.6892
1.7709
1.8555
50.00
55.00
60.00
65.00
70.00
75.00
80.00
85.00
90.00
95.00
96.14c
−150.00
−140.00
−130.00
−120.00
−110.00
—
—
0.00006
0.00023
0.00074
1701.5
—
1675.3
—
1649.7 229.29
1624.0 63.648
1598.0 21.311
−100.00
−90.00
−80.00
−70.00
−60.00
0.00200
0.00480
0.01035
0.02044
0.03747
1571.7
1545.1
1518.3
1491.1
1463.6
−50.00
−48.00
−46.00
−44.00
−42.00
−40.80b
0.06449
0.07140
0.07890
0.08700
0.09575
0.10132
−40.00
−38.00
−36.00
−34.00
−32.00
−30.00
−28.00
−26.00
−24.00
−22.00
Thermal Cond,
mW/(m·K)
Liquid Vapor
Liquid Vapor
Surface
Tension, Temp,*
mN/m
°C
−150.00
−140.00
−130.00
−120.00
−110.00
123.
128.
132.
136.
140.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
37.59
35.70
33.84
32.00
30.17
1.243 —
1.237 1094.
1.233 1037.
1.231 986.
1.231 937.
144.
147.
150.
153.
156.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
128.0
123.1
—
—
—
—
5.61
28.37 −100.00
26.59 −90.00
24.83 −80.00
23.10 −70.00
21.39 −60.00
0.584
0.589
0.594
0.598
0.603
0.606
1.233
1.233
1.234
1.235
1.236
1.237
890.
881.
871.
862.
853.
847.
158.
159.
159.
160.
160.
160.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
118.4
117.5
116.5
115.6
114.7
114.1
6.31
6.44
6.58
6.71
6.85
6.93
19.70
19.37
19.04
18.70
18.37
18.18
−50.00
−48.00
−46.00
−44.00
−42.00
−40.80
1.093
1.096
1.098
1.101
1.104
1.107
1.110
1.114
1.117
1.121
0.608
0.614
0.619
0.624
0.630
0.636
0.642
0.648
0.654
0.660
1.237
1.239
1.240
1.242
1.243
1.245
1.247
1.249
1.252
1.254
844.
834.
825.
816.
807.
797.
788.
779.
770.
760.
160.
161.
161.
161.
161.
162.
162.
162.
162.
163.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
113.8
112.9
112.0
111.1
110.1
109.2
108.4
107.5
106.6
105.7
6.98
7.11
7.24
7.37
7.50
7.63
7.76
7.89
8.02
8.14
18.05
17.72
17.39
17.07
16.74
16.42
16.10
15.77
—
—
−40.00
−38.00
−36.00
−34.00
−32.00
−30.00
−28.00
−26.00
−24.00
−22.00
1.7822
1.7787
1.7752
1.7719
1.7686
1.125
1.129
1.133
1.137
1.141
0.667
0.674
0.681
0.688
0.695
1.257
1.260
1.263
1.266
1.269
751.
742.
733.
723.
714.
163.
163.
163.
163.
163.
260.1
254.7
249.4
244.2
239.1
—
11.08
11.16
11.24
11.32
104.8
103.9
103.1
102.2
101.3
8.27
8.40
8.52
8.64
8.77
—
—
—
—
—
−20.00
−18.00
−16.00
−14.00
−12.00
0.9571
0.9657
0.9743
0.9829
0.9915
1.7653
1.7621
1.7590
1.7560
1.7530
1.146
1.151
1.156
1.161
1.166
0.703
0.710
0.718
0.727
0.735
1.273
1.277
1.281
1.285
1.289
705.
696.
686.
677.
668.
163.
163.
163.
163.
163.
234.1
229.1
224.2
219.4
214.7
11.40
11.48
11.56
11.64
11.72
100.4
99.6
98.7
97.9
97.0
8.89
9.02
9.14
9.26
9.38
—
—
—
—
—
−10.00
−8.00
−6.00
−4.00
−2.00
404.87
405.59
406.30
406.99
407.67
1.0000
1.0085
1.0170
1.0254
1.0338
1.7500
1.7471
1.7443
1.7415
1.7387
1.171
1.177
1.183
1.189
1.195
0.744
0.753
0.762
0.772
0.782
1.294
1.299
1.305
1.310
1.316
658.
649.
640.
630.
621.
163.
163.
163.
163.
163.
210.1
205.6
201.2
196.9
192.6
11.80
11.88
11.96
12.04
12.12
96.2
95.3
94.5
93.6
92.8
9.50
9.63
9.75
9.87
9.99
—
—
—
—
—
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
211.89
214.31
216.74
219.18
221.63
224.10
226.59
229.09
231.60
234.14
408.33
408.97
409.60
410.21
410.80
411.38
411.93
412.46
412.98
413.46
1.0422
1.0506
1.0590
1.0673
1.0756
1.0840
1.0923
1.1006
1.1088
1.1171
1.7360
1.7333
1.7306
1.7280
1.7254
1.7228
1.7202
1.7177
1.7151
1.7126
1.202
1.208
1.215
1.223
1.230
1.238
1.246
1.254
1.263
1.272
0.792
0.802
0.813
0.825
0.837
0.849
0.862
0.875
0.889
0.904
1.323
1.330
1.337
1.345
1.353
1.361
1.370
1.380
1.391
1.402
611.
602.
592.
583.
573.
564.
554.
544.
535.
525.
163.
162.
162.
162.
162.
161.
161.
160.
160.
160.
188.5
184.4
180.5
176.6
172.8
169.1
165.4
161.9
158.4
155.0
12.20
12.28
12.36
12.44
12.52
—
—
—
—
—
92.0
91.1
90.3
89.5
88.7
87.8
87.0
86.2
85.4
84.6
10.11
10.23
10.35
10.47
10.59
10.71
10.82
10.94
11.06
11.18
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
10.00
12.00
14.00
16.00
18.00
20.00
22.00
24.00
26.00
28.00
0.01968
0.01864
0.01767
0.01675
0.01589
236.69
239.25
241.84
244.44
247.06
413.93
414.37
414.79
415.18
415.54
1.1254
1.1336
1.1419
1.1501
1.1584
1.7101
1.7075
1.7050
1.7024
1.6999
1.282
1.292
1.302
1.313
1.325
0.919
0.935
0.952
0.970
0.989
1.413
1.426
1.440
1.454
1.470
515.
506.
496.
486.
476.
159.
159.
158.
158.
157.
151.7
148.5
145.4
142.3
139.3
—
—
—
—
—
83.8
83.0
82.2
81.4
80.6
11.30
11.42
11.54
11.66
11.78
—
—
—
—
—
30.00
32.00
34.00
36.00
38.00
1128.4
1119.5
1110.4
1101.2
1091.8
0.01507
0.01430
0.01357
0.01288
0.01223
249.71
252.37
255.06
257.77
260.51
415.87
416.17
416.44
416.68
416.87
1.1667
1.1749
1.1832
1.1915
1.1998
1.6973
1.6947
1.6921
1.6894
1.6867
1.338
1.351
1.365
1.380
1.396
1.009
1.030
1.052
1.076
1.102
1.486
1.504
1.524
1.545
1.568
466.
456.
446.
436.
426.
156.
156.
155.
154.
153.
136.3
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
79.8
79.0
78.2
77.4
76.6
11.90
12.02
12.14
12.26
12.38
—
—
—
—
—
40.00
42.00
44.00
46.00
48.00
1.9431
2.1753
2.4274
2.7008
2.9967
1082.1
1057.1
1030.5
1001.8
970.4
0.01161
0.01020
0.00895
0.00784
0.00684
263.27
270.31
277.56
285.06
292.90
417.03
417.24
417.14
416.65
415.69
1.2081
1.2291
1.2503
1.2718
1.2940
1.6840
1.6768
1.6692
1.6610
1.6518
1.414
1.464
1.528
1.611
1.726
1.129
1.209
1.307
1.435
1.609
1.593
1.667
1.762
1.888
2.064
415.
389.
362.
335.
306.
153.
150.
148.
145.
142.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
50.00
55.00
60.00
65.00
70.00
3.3168
3.6627
4.0368
4.4416
4.8820
4.9900
935.3
894.8
845.1
777.5
665.4
523.8
0.00594
0.00511
0.00433
0.00355
0.00264
0.00191
301.18
310.10
320.05
331.98
348.86
366.59
414.09
411.60
407.72
401.33
387.46
366.59
1.3169
1.3413
1.3680
1.3998
1.4442
1.4918
1.6413
1.6287
1.6128
1.5907
1.5491
1.4918
1.896
2.176
2.725
4.186
—
∞
1.862
2.268
3.039
5.041
—
∞
2.324
2.748
3.555
5.643
—
∞
276.
244.
209.
170.
—
0.
138.
134.
129.
124.
—
0.
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
∞
—
—
—
—
—
∞
—
—
—
—
—
0.00
75.00
80.00
85.00
90.00
95.00
96.14
*temperatures are on the ITS−90 scale
b = normal boiling point
—
—
—
—
—
Viscosity,
µPa·s
c = critical point
Universitas Sumatera Utara
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A P P E N D I X A Tables
Table A-5 Properties of air at atmospheric pressure.†
The values of µ, k, cp , and Pr are not strongly pressure-dependent
and may be used over a fairly wide range of pressures
T ,K
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
650
700
750
800
850
900
950
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
2100
2200
2300
2400
2500
ρ
kg/m3
cp
kJ/kg · ◦ C
µ × 105
kg/m· s
ν × 106
m2 /s
k
W/m · ◦ C
α × 104
m2 /s
Pr
3.6010
2.3675
1.7684
1.4128
1.1774
0.9980
0.8826
0.7833
0.7048
0.6423
0.5879
0.5430
0.5030
0.4709
0.4405
0.4149
0.3925
0.3716
0.3524
0.3204
0.2947
0.2707
0.2515
0.2355
0.2211
0.2082
0.1970
0.1858
0.1762
0.1682
0.1602
0.1538
0.1458
0.1394
1.0266
1.0099
1.0061
1.0053
1.0057
1.0090
1.0140
1.0207
1.0295
1.0392
1.0551
1.0635
1.0752
1.0856
1.0978
1.1095
1.1212
1.1321
1.1417
1.160
1.179
1.197
1.214
1.230
1.248
1.267
1.287
1.309
1.338
1.372
1.419
1.482
1.574
1.688
0.6924
1.0283
1.3289
1.5990
1.8462
2.075
2.286
2.484
2.671
2.848
3.018
3.177
3.332
3.481
3.625
3.765
3.899
4.023
4.152
4.44
4.69
4.93
5.17
5.40
5.63
5.85
6.07
6.29
6.50
6.72
6.93
7.14
7.35
7.57
1.923
4.343
7.490
11.31
15.69
20.76
25.90
31.71
37.90
44.34
51.34
58.51
66.25
73.91
82.29
90.75
99.3
108.2
117.8
138.6
159.1
182.1
205.5
229.1
254.5
280.5
308.1
338.5
369.0
399.6
432.6
464.0
504.0
543.5
0.009246
0.013735
0.01809
0.02227
0.02624
0.03003
0.03365
0.03707
0.04038
0.04360
0.04659
0.04953
0.05230
0.05509
0.05779
0.06028
0.06279
0.06525
0.06752
0.0732
0.0782
0.0837
0.0891
0.0946
0.100
0.105
0.111
0.117
0.124
0.131
0.139
0.149
0.161
0.175
0.02501
0.05745
0.10165
0.15675
0.22160
0.2983
0.3760
0.4222
0.5564
0.6532
0.7512
0.8578
0.9672
1.0774
1.1951
1.3097
1.4271
1.5510
1.6779
1.969
2.251
2.583
2.920
3.262
3.609
3.977
4.379
4.811
5.260
5.715
6.120
6.540
7.020
7.441
0.770
0.753
0.739
0.722
0.708
0.697
0.689
0.683
0.680
0.680
0.680
0.682
0.684
0.686
0.689
0.692
0.696
0.699
0.702
0.704
0.707
0.705
0.705
0.705
0.705
0.705
0.704
0.704
0.702
0.700
0.707
0.710
0.718
0.730
† From Natl. Bur. Stand. (U.S.) Circ. 564, 1955.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2
4
3
1
4
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
JLH
Kontrol Panel
Ruang Kondensor
Ruang Evaporator
Ruang Pengering
NAMA
Papan Triplek
Plat Aluminium
Plat Aluminium
Plat Aluminium
MATERIAL
Skala : 1:1
Digambar : TEAM
Satuan Ukuran : mm
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
NORMALISASI
INFORMASI
Keterangan:
Tanggal : 5-10-2015
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No.01
Universitas Sumatera Utara
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7
5
6
8
8
7
6
5
1
4
1
1
JLH
Dudukan
Pipa Elbow PVC
Alat Penukar Kalor
Ruang Alat penukar Kalor
NAMA
Besi Hollow
Plat Seng
Plat Aluminium
MATERIAL
Skala : 1:1
Digambar : TEAM
Satuan Ukuran : mm
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
NORMALISASI
INFORMASI
Keterangan:
Tanggal : 5-10-2015
DEPARTEMEN TEKNIK MESIN
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No.02
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1000
200
540
750
470
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN DEPAN
A4
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1420
700
423
100
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN KANAN
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Universitas Sumatera Utara
290
1000
780
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN KIRI
A4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
530
1400
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN BELAKANG
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780
780
770
1400
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
200
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
PANDANGAN ATAS
A4
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390
100
770
420
230
123
210
770
123
540
Skala : 1:1
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015 Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
RUANG ALAT PENUKAR KALOR
FT USU
A4
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400
400
400
4
Skala : 1:1
Ukuran : mm
Tgl : 1 DES 2015
DEPT. TEKNIK MESIN
FT USU
Digambar : Team
Dept : Teknik Mesin
Dilihat :Dr,Eng,Himsar A.ST,MT.
ALAT PENUKAR KALOR
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