An Analysis Of Codes Used By Students Of Department Of English University Of Sumatera Utara
AN ANALYSIS OF CODES USED BY STUDENTS OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA
UTARA A THESISBY: LEONY DENISA REG. NO. 080705005
AN ANALYSIS OF CODES USED BY STUDENTS OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA
UTARA A THESISBY: LEONY DENISA REG. NO. 080705005
AN ANALYSIS OF CODES USED BY STUDENTS OF DEPARTMENT OF
ENGLISH UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA A THESIS BY: LEONY DENISA REG. NO. 080705005 SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D NIP. 195411171980031002 NIP. 197502092008121002Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from
Department of English DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2015
Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University
of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as a thesis for The Sarjana Sastra
Examination.Head, Secretary, Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D 197502092008121002 NIP. 195411171980031002 NIP.
BOARD OF EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfilment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan.
The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on ................................................
Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatra Utara Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A NIP.19511013 197603 1 001 Board of Examiners Name
Signature 1. ……………………………………………. …………………………..
2. ……………………………………………. ………………………….. 3. ……………………………………………. …………………………..
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I, LEONY DENISA DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS
THESIS EXCEPT WHERE THE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF
THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISH
ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A
THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER
DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT
DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS.
THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION.
SIGNED : ................................................. DATE : .................................................
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
NAME : LEONY DENISA TITLE OF THESIS : AN ANALYSIS OF CODES USED BY STUDENTS OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA QUALIFICATION : S1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH
I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR
REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF
DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAN STUDIES,
UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT
USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA.
SIGNED : .............................................. DATE : ..............................................
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Bismillaahirrahmaanirrahiim.First of all, I would like to thank and praise to the Almighty God, Allah SWT for blessing and giving me health, strength and ease to accomplish this thesis as one of the requirements to get certificate from Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan. I present shalawat to Prophet
Muhammad SAW as my good example in my life and I hope his blessing in the
beyond.I would like to express a deep gratitude, love, appreciation and thanks to: 1. My parents, Yasri CR and Yurni. I present this thesis for you. Thank you for all of the supports, prays and loves and also for your patience until I finally finish this thesis.
2. My beloved sibling, Fransiska Ayel Refta. Thank you for all of your motivations, advices and pray for me.
3. My friends, Nur Fatimah, SS., Ahmad Hanafi, SS., Swandi Lubis SS. and also Indra Rizkiawan ST. Thank you for all of your motivations, advicess and supports.
4. Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. as my supervisor and also as the Head of Department of English and Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A, Ph.D as my co- supervisor. Thank you for the valuable time in giving the correction and constructive critics in completing this thesis.
5. All of my juniors class of 2011 and 2014, thank you for being my informan for this research.
6. All of my friends class of 2008 and the entire of IMSI family. Thank you for the nice friendship during our study.
7. The entire of Gemapala FIB USU family, thank you for the support.
Finally, I do realize that this thesis is still far from being perfect. Therefore, I welcome any constructive critics and suggestions towards this thesis.
Medan, 2015
The writer, Leony Denisa Reg. No. 080705005
ABSTRAK
Skripsi yang berjudul An Analysis of Codes Used By Students of Department of
English University of Sumatera Utara bertujuan untuk menemukan tipe alih kode
dan komponen bahasa yang terdapat dalam campur kode Bahasa Inggris ke Bahasa Indonesia dalam percakapan sahari-hari mahasiswa jurusan Sastra Inggris Universitas Sumatera Utara serta alasan menggunakan alih kode dan campur kode tersebut berdasarkan teori Hymes (dalam Jendra, 2010:71) yaitu SPEAKING.
Metode yang digunakan dalam analisis ini adalah metode kepustakaan dan dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif, kemudian membuat hasil analisis dalam bentuk display data sesuai teori Miles and Huberman. Analisis ini difokuskan untuk menganalisis tipe alih kode yaitu Tag Code Switching, Intersentential Code
Switching , Intra-sentential Code Switching, Situational Code Switching dan
Metaphorical Code Switching sesuai dengan teori Bloomfield and Gumperz (dalam
Jendra, 2010:75) dan komponen bahasa dalam campur kode yaitu kata, frasa, klausa, dan kalimat sesuai dengan teori Zyegintsev (dalam Anggita, 2011:18), dengan hasil analisis ditemukan total 17 kasus alih kode dan 103 ungkapan campur kode. Kesimpulan dari analisis ini adalah pembicara tidak terlalu banyak menggunakan alih kode maupun campur kode dalam percakapannya meski perkembangan globalisasi kian pesat, disamping mereka juga merupakan mahasiswa jurusan Sastra Inggris yang diharapkan mampu menggunakan bahasa Inggris dalam percakapan sehari-hari.
Kata Kunci: Kode, Alih Kode, Campur Kode
ABSTRACT
Thesis entitled An Analysis of Codes Used By Students of Department of English
University of Sumatera Utara aims to find out type of code switching and
components of language in code mixing from English into Bahasa Indonesia in daily conversation of students of Department of English University of Sumatera included the reasons for using the codes based on the theory of Hymes (in Jendra, 2010:71) that is SPEAKING. The method used in this analysis is the library method and analyzed using qualitative descriptive method, then make the results of the analysis in the data display based on the theory Miles and Huberman. This analysis focused on analyzing the type of code switching that are Tag Code Switching, Intersentential Code Switching, Intra-sentential Code Switching, Situational Code Switching dan Metaphorical Code Switching and components of language in code mixing that are word, phrase, clause, and sentence in accordance with the theory Zyegintsev (in Anggita, 2011:18), with the results of the analysis found the total of 17 cases of code switching and 103 utterances of code mixing. The conclusion from this analysis is the speakers are not too much use the codes in their daily conversations even though the globalization grows rapidly, beside they are the students of Department of English who expected valuable in using English in daily conversation.
Key Word: Code, Code Switching, Code Mixing
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ................................................ v COPY RIGHT DECLARATION ................................................ vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................ vii ABSTRAK ................................................ ix ABSTRACT ................................................ x TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................ xiCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1. 1 Background of the Study ........................
1 1. 2 Problem of the Study ........................
6 1. 3 Objective of the Study ........................
6 1.4 Scope of the Study ........................
6 1. 5 Significance of the Study ........................
7 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 2. 1 Sociolinguistics ...................................
8 2.2 Bilingualism ...................................
9 2.3 Code ...............................................
10 2.3.1 Code Switching .............................
11 2.3.2 Code Mixing ...................................
13 2.4 Components of Language .................
14
2.5 Reasons for Using the Codes ...............
17 CHAPTER III METHOD OF RESEARCH 3.1 Research Design ....................................
20 3.2 Location and Time ........................
21 3.3 Data and Data Source ........................
21 3.4 Data Collecting Procedures ............
22 3.5 Step of the Research ........................
22 3.6 Data Analysis ....................................
22 CHAPTER IV DESCRIPTION AND FINDING 4. 1 Data Description ....................................
23
4.1.1 Types of Code Switching and Components of Language in Code Mixing
23
4.1.2 Explanation of the Code Switching in the Daily Conversation of Students of Department of English University of Sumatera Utara ………………....................
41
4.1.3 Explanation of the Code Mixing in the Daily Conversation of Students of Department of English University of Sumatera Utara .............................................
42
4.1.4 The Reasons Why Students of Department of English University of
Sumatera Utara Use Code Switching and Code Mixing in Their Daily Conversations
43 4.2 Finding ................................................
47 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion ....................................
49 5.2 Suggestion ....................................
50 REFERENCES ………………………………………………
51 APPENDICES