4 International Conference on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Theme : Technical and Vocational Education and

  ISBN : 978-602-1178-11-9 Padang, November 9-11, 2017 Padang, November 9-11, 2017 PROCEEDINGS 4 th

  4 International Conference on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) th International Conference on TVET Theme : Technical and Vocational Education and Training for Sustainable Societies Padang, November 9-1 Pa da ng , N ov em be r 9 1, 2017 -11 , 2

  ISBN : 978-602-1178-11-9

  01 ISBN : 978-602-1178-11-9

  7 th

  4 International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training Padang : November 9-11, 2017

  

Int. J. of GEOMATE, Month, Year, Vol.00, No.00 (Sl. No. 00), pp. 00-00

FOREWORDS

  This proceeding aims to disseminate valuable ideas and issues based on research or literature th

review in the field of vocational, technical and engineering studies, which have been presented in 4

International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training. This conference has taken

place in Hospitality Center Universitas Negeri Padang, November 9-11, 2017.

  The theme of Conference focused on the perspective of technical and vocational education and st

training for sustainable society to face the challenges of 21 century, globalization era, and particularly

Asian Economic Community. To overcome the challenges, we need the innovation and change in human

resources development. Technical vocational educational and training have essential roles to change the

world of education and work in order to establish sustainable society.

  Undoubtedly, TVET need to enhance the quality of learning by developing various model of

active learning, including learning in the workplace and entrepreneurship. Create innovation and applied

engineering as well as information technology. Improvement of management and leadership in TVET

Institution, and development of vocational and technical teacher education.

  Many ideas and research findings have been shared and discussed in the seminar, more than 176

papers have been collected and selected through scholars, scientists, technologist, and engineers’. as

well as teachers, professors, and post graduates students who participated in the conference.

  Eight keynote speakers have taken a part in the conference, namely Prof. Intan Ahmad, Ph.D.

(Director general of learning and student affairs, Kemenristek Dikti) and Prof. Josaphat Tetuko Sri

Sumantyo, Ph.D. (CEReS Chiba University) and Prof. Dr. Maizam Alias (UTHM Malaysia) and Prof.

  

Ganefri, Ph.D. (Rector of UNP) and Prof. Dr. Ramlee bin Mustapha (UPSI Malaysia) and Prof. Nizwardi

Jalinus, Ed.D. (Chair of TVET doctoral program, FT UNP) and Prof. Michael Koh, Ph.D. Dr. Fahmi

Rizal, M.Pd., MT (Dean of FT UNP). They all have a great contribution for the success of the

conference. th

  Finally, thank a million for all participants of the conference who supported the success of 4

International conference on TVET 2017 and most importantly, our gratitude to all scholars who support

and tolerated our mistake during the conference.

  Padang, 9 November 2017 Prof. Dr. Nizwardi Jalinus, M.Ed Chair of Scientific Committee

  Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Padang

  No Author Article

  10 Arif Rahman Hakim MODIFICATION OF INPUT PUSHER ASSEMBLY OF LASER

MARKING MACHINE

  VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1 PADANG Hastuti Marlina, Reno Renaldi Fivia Eliza, Dwiprima Elvanny Myor, Hastuti

  IN MAKING PRODUCT WITH CNC MILLING MACHINE IN

  MECHANICAL ENGINEERING STUDENTS PERFORMANCE

  VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL 1 PADANG Kms. Muhammad. Avrieldi, Suparno, Nofri Helmi THE EFFECT OF SOFTWARE MASTERCAME TOWARD

  THE INFLUENCE OF PROJECT BASED LEARNING TOWARD ELECTRICAL MACHINE AND ENERGY CONVERSION STUDENT ACHIEVEMENT OF

  14 THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING POSTER AND VIDEO MEDIA IN EDUCATION ABOUT DANGERS OF SMOKING ON KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL 12 PEKANBARU STUDENTS Nurzamaliah Afifah, Ambiyar, Yufrizal. A

  13

  12

  8

  DAFTAR ISI PROSIDING 4th ICTVET UNP 2017

  11 Akmam, Amir Harman, Putra, Amali, Resi Elfitri OPTIMIZE OF LEAST-SQUARE INVERSE CONSTRAIN METHOD OF GEOELECTRICAL RESISTIVITY WENNER- SCHLUMBERGER FOR INVESTIGATION ROCK STRUCTURES IN MALALAK DISTRICTS OF AGAM WEST SUMATRA

  9 Asyahri Hadi Nasyuha, Rahmat Sulaiman Naibaho, Saniman DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS) WITH WP AND MFEP METHODS IN SELECTION OF BEST BABY CLOTHES

  1 Asrul Huda, Rendy Harisca DEVELOPMENT OF EMPLOYEE INFORMATION SYSTEM- BASED WEB IN MAN 1 PADANG

  INJECTION TIME OF FUEL AND GAS EMISSION OF GASOLINE ENGINE

  7 Toto Sugiarto, Dwi Sudarno Putra, Wawan Purwanto EFFECT OF ENGINE TEMPERATURE CHANGES ON

  6 Juli Sardi, Hastuti, Ali Basrah Pulungan THE DESIGN OF THE SIGNAL MEASUREMENT DEVICE OF BODY’S BIOELECTRICAL IMPEDANCE By USING

THREE ELECTRODES

  IMPLEMENTATION PROBLEM SOLVING LEARNING STRATEGY

  IMPROVING LEARNING MOTIVATION THROUGH

  5 Budi Syahri, Primawati, Syahrial

  INNOVATION INSTRUCTIONAL

  4 Eko Indrawan REVIEW DEVELOPING OF PROJECT BASED AS

  3 Harleni ACADEMIC INFORMATION SYSTEM OF STIKES PERINTIS PADANG

  AND HOUSES AT BANDA ACEH (SUMATRA, INDONESIA)

  2 S Syaukani, M Bahi, M Muslim, M Shabri Abd Majid, D Sutekad, Y Yasmin, N Novita TWO SPECIES OF TERMITE DAMAGING TO BUILDING

  THE VALIDITY OF TRAINERON MATERIALS SCIENCE AND DEVICESSUBJECTAT DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING

  18 Tri Monarita Johan FUNCTIONAL MEMBERSHIP ANALYSIS OF FUZZY

  22

  IMPROVEMENT OF TEACHER’S COMPETENCIES AND TEACHING LEARNING PROCESS EFFECTIVENESS IN ESA SEJAHTERA SCHOOL PEKANBARU ASSESSMENT OF PRODUCT PROTOTYPE EXISTENCE AS A MEDIA OF LEARNING TO ACCELERATE THE TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY AND DIVERSIFICATION IN

RURAL INDUSTRIES

  EFFECT OF GASOLINE ADDITIVE MATERIALS ON ENGINE PERFORMANCE Muhammad Luthfi Hamzah, Hamzah, Astri Ayu Purwati

  MODEL Remon Lapisa, Dwi Sudarno Putra, Ahmad Arif, Syafmi Algifari Abda’u

  IMPLEMENTATION OF CONTEXTUAL TEACHING AND LEARNING ON ANALYZING ELECTRICAL CIRCUITS SUBJECT Dwi Sudarno Putra, Misra Dandi Utama, Dedi Setiawan, Remon Lapisa, Ambiyar EVALUATION OF LEARNING PROCESS USING CIPP

  

26 SIMPLE WATER PURIFIER USING MULTILEVEL SYSTEM

Dwiprima Elvanny Myori, Citra Dewi, Erita Astrid, Ilham Juliwardi Jasman, Nelvi Erizon, Syahrul, Junil Adri, Bulkia Rahim Hendri Nurdin, Hasanuddin, Waskito, Refdinal, Darmawi

  25

  24

  23

  Yasep Setiawan RELATIONDRAG FORCE REDUCTION ON CIRCULAR CYLINDER USING CIRCULAR DISTURBANCE BODY WITH TURBULENCE INTENSITY

  INFERENCE SYSTEM SUGENO IN ANEMIA CLASSIFICATION

  Lapisa, Purwantono, Refdinal A MICRO HYDROPOWER GENERATOR AS AN SOLVING IN INDONESIAN REMOTE AREA Nuzul Hidayat, Ahmad Arif, M.

  INTERACTIVE MULTIMEDIA PROGRAM WITH PROBLEM- BASED LEARNING METHOD TO IMPROVE LEARNING OUTCOMES INBIOLOGY SUBJECT Sukardi, M.Giatman, Remon

  21 Nur Hidayati, Muhammad Ridha Ridwan

  16

  15

  STUDY OF THE HYDROELECTRIC POWER SELECTION (CASE IN SOLOK, PESISIR SELATAN AND SIJUNJUNG REGENCY)

  20 Suryadimal, Edi Septe,Wenny Martiana, Fahmi Rizal, Nizwardi Jalinus NEED ANALYSIS APPLICATION ON THE FEASIBILITY

  INDUSTRIAL FIELD PRACTICE (IFP) (Case Study: Competency Compliance)

  19 Henny Yustisia CURRICULUM ANALYSIS OF PREREQUISITE COURSE AT

THE ROLE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE

  Page 126 th

  4 International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training Padang : November9-11, 2017

  EFFECT OF GASOLINE ADDITIVE MATERIALS ON ENGINE PERFORMANCE Remon Lapisa, Dwi Sudarno Putra, Ahmad Arif and Syafmi Algifari Abda’u Fakultas Teknik, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, Indonesia

  ABSTRACT:The octane number is one of references is measurement of fuel quality in gasoline engines.The

  high octane number of fuel reduce engine knocking possibility that can improve the engine performance.One of the solutions to increase the octane number in gasoline fuels is to add additive materia ls. The additive materia ls used in this study is pre miu m.This study are to determine the effect of the additive materials on pre miu m fuel to increase the octane number and power generation of motorcycles engines.This experimental studyis conducted by mixing the additive materials to pre miu mfuel with percentage ranging fro m 5% to 20%.The results indicate that the premiu m fuelmixture with 20% methanol increases the octane number fro m 88 to 117.1 and pre miu m fuel with 20% ethanolincreases octane number up to 99.6. The most optima l pre miu m fuel mixture is to 5% methanol that can increase the power generationup to 9.86%.

  Keywords: Octane Number, Additive Materials, Gasoline Engine, Performance.

  1.

  study devidedinto two group that is the control

   INTRODUCTION

  group is a gasoline engine using standard premiu m Motorcycle is transportation that uses gasoline as fuel and the test group is a gasoline engine using fuel. The gasoline engine is one of the internal addition of addit ive materia ls ethanol, methanol, and combustion engine used as a power source on a naphthalene with premiu m fue l [6]. Octane number motorcycle. The gasoline engine generates power testing mixture of additive materials with gasoline fro m the co mbustion process of fuel and air ins ide fuel was done at PT. PERTAMINA (Persero) the cylinder [1]. The combustion quality of gasoline TBBM Te luk Kabung Padang. Manufacturing and depends on the performance of the gasoline. testing of sample on the object study was conducted

  Gasoline fue l performance can be seen fro m the at Draco Motor Pekanbaru. Testing of chemica l octane number [2]. The octane number indicates the reaction’s mixture of additive materials ethanol, ma ximu m pressure that can be applied in the engine methanol, and naphthalene was done in the chemica l before the gasoline combust on it is own. If the laboratory of Padang State University. A ll of this octane number of fue l is high then the effic iency or study process was carried out in April 2017. quality of fuel co mbustion will be high but if the octane number of fuel is low then the burning

  

2.1

Study Object

  efficiency is low. Efficiency or quality of this combustion that will a ffect the performance of an The object in this study is Honda Vario engine [3]. Automatic motorcycle 4 stroke 110cc in 2010 with There are some chemica ls that people often use specification in table 1. as additive materials to raise the octane number of engine fuel. The additive materials used in this study Tabl e 1. Engine’s specification are ethanol [4], methanol, and naphthalene [5]. These additive materia ls are mixed with different

  Specification Description levels of gasoline. This study aims to determine the Engine type

  4 Stroke2 Valve SOHC effect of adding additive materia ls to the increase of Cylinder volume 108 cc octane number of gasoline fue l and engine power generated on motorcycle. Diameter x type

  50 × 55 Mm Maximum power

  8.99 Ps @ 8,000 Rpm 2.

   METHODOLOGY

  Maximum torque

  0.86 Kgf.M @ 6,500 Rpm This study about the effect of mixing additive Compression ratio 10.7 : 1 materia ls ethanol, methanol, and naphthalene with

  Fuel system Carburetor VK22 X 1 gasoline fue l to octane number and power on

  Clutch type Automatic, Centrifugal, Dry motorcycle is an e xperiment study. This study was

  Transmission type Automatic, Honda V - Matic conducted on Honda Vario Automatic with conventional system fuel. The type of gasoline fue l

  Ignition system DC – CDI used in this study is premiu m. The testing in this

  Fro m the variation of engine speed performed, the most optima l ethanol and premiu m mixture test result occurred at 4000 rp m engine speed as shown in Fig. 1 below.

  Mass Premium Fuel

  Int. J. of GEOMATE, Month, Year, Vol.00, No.00 (Sl. No. 00), pp. 00 -00

2.2 Testing Procedure

  

3.2.1

Testing of ethanol mix with premium

  

3.2

Power testing using standard premium fuel and premium mix with additive materials

  The result showed that 20 % methanol mixture could increase premiu m octane number fro m 88 to 117.1. An increase also occurred in re id vapor pressure up to 71.5 kPa which e xceeds the limit of ASTM D 323-08 method so it indicates that the fuel is easier to evaporate. However, the increase also occurred on the fuel sulfur inde x up to 0.074 % of the fuel volume. If the sulfur index is too high it indicates that the fuel is getting dirty.

  99.6. The increase also occurred in reid vapor pressure up to 70 kPa which e xceeds the limit of ASTM D 323-08 method so it indicates that the fuel is easier to evaporate. However, the increase also occurred on the fuel sulfur inde x up to 0.070 % of the fuel volume. If the sulfur index is too high it indicates that the fuel is getting dirty.

  The mixed test result data of 20 % ethanol with premiu m showed that mix o f 20 % ethanol could increase the premiu m octane number fro m 88 to

  10 E 0% E 5% E 10% E 15% E 20% 50 kg

  Based on table 2 above, the mixing of additive materia ls with pre miu m fuel was carried out at 5 % to 20 % interval so obtain the most optima l octane number. Engine power testing was done at 3000 rpm

  10% 77 gram 693 gram 15% 115.5 gram 654.5 gram 20% 154 gram 616 gram

  Mass 5% 38.5 gram 731.5 gram

  Additive Materials

  6

  Mix Percentage

  Eq. 2 After all test materials we re converted into gram units, the percentage of mixing pre miu m fuel with additive materials as shown in the following table 2. Table 2. Percentage of mixture of pre miu m fuel with additive materials

  =

  Eq. 1

  =

  so obtained 1 liter premiu m fue l having mass 770 g ra m by using the following formula.

  3

  Because one of the additive materia ls is solid, so to get a balanced percentage of mixture, a ll additive materia ls and premiu m fue l we re converted into a gram. The unit convers ion process was done by converting volume of 1 liter pre miu m fue l to gra m with density of 770 kg/ m

  International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training Padang : November9-11, 2017

  th

  4

  8

• –6000rpm engine speed with 1000 rpm interval and 50 %, 100 %, 150 % engine load. All test result data was analyzed to get the mixture of p re miu m fuel with the most optimal additive materials in accordance with the speed and load of the engine.

  4

3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

  7

  Based on all this study that has been done, then obtained the data of the result and discussion as follows.

  Mixed Levels Testing of ethanol mix with premium at 4000 rpm Page 127

  6.8 H o rs ep o w er

  6.7

  6.6

  7.2

  5.7

  5.4 150 kg

  7.3

  2

  7.1

  7.1

  7.2 100 kg

  7.4

  7.7

  7.6

  6

3.1 Characteristics and octane number of premium mixture with additive materials

  The first plan of the test will be conducted 12 samples, but PT. PERTAMINA (Persero), only allo ws to test 2 samples because of the long test time and the risk of the test equipment’s damage. The testing was performed on 20 % ethanol mix with premiu m and 20 % methanol mix with pre miu m. The testing was done by using standard ASTM (The American Society for Testing and Material) method.

  Fig. 1. Graph the testing of ethanol mix with premium at 4000 rpm Based on the data and graph in Fig. 1, it is known that the optimu m power is generated by 5 % ethanol mix with pre miu m at each given load. The power produced by 5 % ethanol mix with p re miu m show the highest and the most stable power rise and no significant power loss. Ma ximu m powe r generated by 5 % ethanol with pre miu m is 7.6 Hp

  Int. J. of GEOMATE, Month, Year, Vol.00, No.00 (Sl. No. 00), pp. 00 -00

  7.6

  2

  rs epo w er Mixed Levels Testing of methanol mix with premium at 3000 rpm

  6.3

  7.7

  5.7

  7.7 150 kg

  7.7

  6

  7.1

  6.4 100 kg

  7.9

  7.8

  6

  10 S 0% S 5% S 10% S 15% S 20% 50 kg

  8

  4

  8 K 0% K 5% K 10% K 15% K 20% 50 kg

  4

  6 150 kg

  Page 128

  7 H o rs ep o w er Mixed Levels Testing of naphthalene mix with premium at 3000 rpm

  6.4

  6.3

  6.5

  5.7

  5.6

  6

  6.9

  7.4

  7.1

  6.5 100 kg

  6.5

  7.6

  7

  6

  2

  4

  Fig. 3. Graph the testing of naphthalene mix with premium at 3000 rpm Based on the data and graph in Fig. 3, it is known that the optimu m power is generated by 10 % naphthalene mix with pre miu m at 3000 rp m engine speed at each engine load. Graph and power test result fro m 10 % naphthalene mixture with pre miu m show the highest and the mos t stable power rise there is significant loss in power at the highest rpm. Maximu m powe r generated by 10 % naphthalene with pre miu m is 7.6 Hp while the pre miu m produces power of 7.1 Hp. So it can be seen the increase in power between 10 % naphthalene with pre miu m is

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  International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training Padang : November9-11, 2017 while the pre miu m produces power of 7.1 Hp. So it can be seen the increase in power between 5 % ethanol with premium is 0.5 Hp.

  3.2.2 Testing of methanol mix with premium

  Fro m the variation of engine speed performed, the most optima l methanol and pre miu m mixture test result occurred at 3000 rp m engine speed as shown in Fig. 2 below.

7.6 Ho

  4.23

  % Δ Hp

  0.4

  2.82 20 % 0.1 1.41 - -

  0.2

  8.85

  Fig. 2. Graph the testing of methanol mix with premium at 3000 rpm Based on the data and graph in Fig. 2, it is known that the optimu m power is generated by 5 % methanol mix with premiu m at 3000 rp m engine speed at each engine load. Graph and power test result from 5 % methanol mixture with pre miu m show the highest and the most stable power rise due and no significant power loss. Maximu m power generated by 5 % methanol with pre miu m is 7.8 Hp while the pre miu m produces power of 7. 1 Hp. So it can be seen the increase in power between 5 % methanol with premium is 0.7 Hp.

  3.2.3 Testing of Naphthalene mix with premium

  Fro m the variation of engine speed performed, the most optimal naphthalene and premiu m mixture test result occurred at 3000 rp m engine speed as shown in Fig. 3 below.

  0.6

  0.5 Hp.

  

3.2.4

Percentage power of premium with additive materials and standard premium

  Percentage of power generated by mixture of premiu m fue l with some additive materials can be seen in table 3 below. Table 3. Percentage of power test result

  M ixed Level

  Ethanol M ethanol Naphthalene Δ Hp

  % Δ Hp

  0.3

  % 5 %

  0.5

  5.64 Fro m percentage table above, it indicates a large increase in powe r is 10 % methanol mixture with a power increase percentage up to 11.27 %. However, the data and graph of 10 % methanol have a large power loss at each load variat ion co mpared to the test result data of 5 % methanol mixture. Ta king notice of the data and graph of the result power, it

  0.7

  9.86

  0.3

  4.23 10 %

  0.6

  8.86

  0.8

  11.27

  0.5

  7.04 15 %

  7.04

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  4 International Conference on Technical and Vocation Education and Training Padang : November9-11, 2017

  Int. J. of GEOMATE, Month, Year, Vol.00, No.00 (Sl. No. 00), pp. 00 -00

  can be analyzed that the mixture of pre miu m with

5.

   ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

  methanol 5 % shows a large and optimu m powe r increase, because the test result data of methanol 5 The authors would like to thank to the chairman % show the mos t stable data and graph and no and team me mbers and all those who have worked significant power loss at the ma ximu m load. The together to comp lete a ll of this research activ ity so it mixtu re of pre miu m with 5 % methanol can increase can be done well. power by 9.86 % over pre miu m. It can be concluded that the mixture of pre miu m with 5 % methanol is

  

6.

REFERENCES suitable for engine with compression ratio 10.7: 1.

  [1] H.Maksum, Motor Bakar, Padang: UNP Press, 4.

  2012.

   CONCLUSION

  [2] S. U.Handayani, “Pemanfaatan Bio Ethanol

  Based on the result of data analysis and research Sebagai Bahan Ba kar Pengganti that has been done, it can be concluded that mixing Bensin, ”Universitas Diponegoro, 2013. of additive materia ls ethanol dan methanol with [3]

  B. Arends, Motor Bensin, Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, premiu m gasoline fuel can increase octane number. 1980. The most optimu m increase of octane nu mber [4]

  R. Lapisa, premiu m that is fro m 88 up to 117.1. While the most

  SAINTEK, Vol. XII, No. 1, Sept. 2009, methanol with pre miu m is power increase up to 9.86 pp. 46-51. %. So it is found that the mixture of pre miu m with [5] Naphtalene

  “Pengaruh R. Tirtoatmodjo,

  5% methanol is suitable for engine with co mpression Terhadap Perubahan Angka Oktan Bensin Unju k ratio 10.7: 1.

  Kerja Motor dan Gas Buangnya,” Universitas Kristen Petra, 2000. [6]

  A. Arif, “Karakterisasi Performa Mesin Diesel Dual Fuel Tipe LPIG dengan Pengaturan Start of Injection dan Durasi Injeksi”, Pros. SNMT MMT- ITS , 2015.