WOMEN’S LANGUAGE ANALYSIS ON THE MAIN CHARACTER IN JANE AUSTEN’S NOVEL: PRIDE AND PREJUDICE.
WOMEN’S LANGUAGE ANALYSIS ON THE MAIN
CHARACTER IN JANE AUSTEN’S NOVEL: PRIDE AND
PREJUDICE
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State
University of Medan, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of
Sarjana Sastra
BY
MURDIANTI
Registration Number: 209220033
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2013
ABSTRACT
Murdianti. 2013. Women’s Language Analysis on the Main Character in Jane
Austen’s Novel: Pride and Prejudice. A Thesis. English and Literature
Department. Faculty of Languages and Arts. State University of Medan.
This study deals with women’s language analysis on the main character in Jane
Austen’s novel: Pride and Prejudice. The objectives of the study are to describe the
types of women’s linguistics features on the main character in Jane Austen’s novel
Pride and Prejudice, to derive women’s linguistics features on the main character in
Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice, to reason women’s linguistics features on the
main character in Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice. The research was conducted
by descriptive qualitative. The data are the speech on the main character in Jane
Austen’s novel, the data were collected from 1 novel, Pride and Prejudice that has
women’s linguistics features. The data were analyzed by identifying and classifying the
figures of speech displaying the result in a table. Then these linguistics features are
described in details. The analysis found that there are 9 types of women’s linguistics
features which used: lexical hedges is amount 10,06%, tag question is 0,62%, rising
intonation on declarative is 2,51%, empty adjective is 3,14%, precise color terms is 0%,
intensifier is 56,60%, hyper correct grammar is 1,88%, super polite form is 0,62%,
avoidance of swear word is 14,46%, and emphatic stress is 10,06%. The most dominant
feature that used is intensifier and the lowest is precise color terms because it is not used
in the data
Keywords: Linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Women’s Language
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahi Robbil Alamin
A great thanks to Allah SWT for blessing and protection that the writer has been
granted so she can finallt completed this thesis as an partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra. The writer is aware of God’s helps, she
can finish her study and find some solutions for many difficulties and roubles during the
completion of this thesis.
During the process of writing this thesis, the writer has accepted a lot of
assistance and guidance for some people. First of all, the writer would like to say her
great gratitude to:
1.
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar, M.Si. as the Rector of State University of Medan,
2. Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M. Hum. as the Dean of Faculty of Language and Art,
3. Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd. as the Head of English and Literature
Department, and Dra. Meisuri, M.A. as the Head of Applied Linguistics
Department. Her thanks to her thesis consultant,
4. Drs. M. Natsir, M.Hum. for his help, advice, guidance, and precious time he
had given during the compltion this thesis.
5. For her academic consultant, Dr.Siti Aisah Gintings, M.Pd. for her guidance
and advice during her study in State University of Medan.
ii
6. Prof. Tina Mariany Arifin, M.A., Ph.D for her advice and support during the
writer’s study. For all the lecturers that has been taught the writer.
7. A deepest love, appreciation and very special gratitude is devoted to her beloved
parents, Muhlidan and Tuminem, for their countless love, support, prayers,
patiences and financial support in her entire life and during her study.
8. She would never forget to say thank to her sisters and brothers, Munginah and
Drs. Suwito, Muhsinin and Siti Halimah, and Munjiah and Sugiarto, also to
her beloved dearest little sister who always make her life full of smile, Maya
Safitri, for all her nephews, Wiwit, Ibal, Fahri, Reza, and Revi, and for all her
families for their prays and motivations.
9. Special thanks also gives to her beloved friend Conny (thanks for every advice
you always give), Suci, Ica, Sisna, Nurul, Jimmi, Nindi, Lusi, Siska, Irham,
Lutfi, Niar and for all members in Applied Linguistics especially Aplied
Linguistics A and B ’09. For her friends in schools that she has been studied.
Thanks to Muhammad Idris for forcing the writer to finish this thesis.
Finally the writer realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect in spite of
fact the she has done her best in completing this work. Therefore, criticism, comment,
and suggestions are welcome for further improvement of this thesis.
May Allah SWT give us grace and peace.
Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
The writer,
Murdianti
iii
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................
ii
TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................
iv
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................
1
A. The Background of the Study ................................................................
1
B. The Problem of the Study......................................................................
4
C. The Objectives of the Study ..................................................................
5
D. The Scope of the Study .........................................................................
5
E. The Significant of the Study..................................................................
5
Chapter II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE .......................................................................
6
A. Literature ...............................................................................................
7
1.
Poetry .............................................................................................
7
2.
Drama .............................................................................................
9
3.
Prose ...............................................................................................
11
B. Gender ...................................................................................................
12
C. Women’s Linguistics Features ..............................................................
13
1. Lexical Hedges or Fillers ................................................................
14
2. Tag Questions ..................................................................................
15
3. Rising Intonation on Declarative .....................................................
16
4. Empty Adjective ..............................................................................
16
5. Precise Color Terms ........................................................................
17
6. Intensifiers .......................................................................................
17
iv
7. Hypercorrect Grammar....................................................................
18
8. Superpolite forms ............................................................................
19
9. Avoidance of Swear Words.............................................................
19
10. Emphatic Stress ...............................................................................
20
D. Character ...............................................................................................
22
1. Supporting Character .......................................................................
22
2. Main Character ................................................................................
22
E. Summary ...............................................................................................
24
1. The Biography of the Author ..........................................................
24
2. The Summary of the Novel .............................................................
26
Chapter III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .................................................................
31
A. The Research Method............................................................................
31
B. The Source of the Data ..........................................................................
31
C. Technique of Collecting the Data..........................................................
31
D. Technique of Analyzing the Data .........................................................
32
Chapter IV
DATA, DATA ANALYSIS, AND FINDINGS ...........................................
33
A. Data .......................................................................................................
33
B. Data Analysis
1.
Identification of the Dominant types of women’s linguistics features
` ...................................................................................................
2.
The Analysis of the Occurrence types of women’s linguistics features
.....................................................................................................
34
a. Lexical hedges ............................................................................
34
b. Tag Question ...............................................................................
35
v
33
c. Rising Intonation on Declarative ................................................
35
d. Empty Adjective .........................................................................
36
e. Precise Color Term ....................................................................
36
f. Intensifier ...................................................................................
36
g. Hyper Correct Grammar ............................................................
37
h. Super Polite Form ......................................................................
37
i. Avoidance of Swear words ........................................................
37
j. Emphatic Stress ..........................................................................
38
F. Research Findings ................................................................................
38
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .........................................................
40
A. Conclusion .............................................................................................
40
B. Suggestion .............................................................................................
41
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
vi
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
From the data analysis, the objective of the study are to find out the types, the
the most dominant type, and the reason for the most dominant type of women’s
linguistics features in the novel. This research is conducted by descriptive qualitative
design, which make a description of situation or even/ occurrence. It is found that:
1. There are 9 women’s linguistics features found in the data: lexical hedges,
tag question, rising intonation on declarative, empty adjective, intensifier,
hyper correct grammar, super polite form, avoidance of swear words, and
emphatic stress.
2. The most dominant types is used in the data is intensifier. It is found with the
total amount 56,60% or in 90 utterances.
3. Intensifier found as the most dominant in the data means the character in the
data used intensifier is to strength the opinion or statement, to persuade the
addressee to take serious in their statement. Intensifier that is used also to
heighten and to lower the intensity of the utterance.
40
41
B. Suggestion
1. This study is hoped can be further continued by other researcher by using
different approach.
2. For English Department, it is hoped that this study can be an additional
knowledge especially for the next student who want to do the research that is
connected with this study.
REFERENCES
Chambers, JK and Peter Trudgill (1980). Dialectology. Australia: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Crystal, David (1992). An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Language and Languages. London:
Blackwell Publishing.
Holmes, Janet (2001). Introduction to Sociolinguistics (Second Edition). Essex:
Pearlson Education Ltd.
Lakoff, Robin (1973). Language and Women’s Place. London: Cambridge University Press.
McKay,Sandra and Nancy Hornberger (1996). Sociolinguistics and Language Teaching.
USA: Cambridge University Press.
Nazir, Moh (1988). Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia
Nurgiyantoro, Burhan (2000). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University
Press
Tannen, Deborah (1991). You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men In Coversation.
London: Virago
Wardaugh, Ronald (1986). An Introduction to Sociolingustics. Oxford: Blackwell Ltd.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender (accessed on 10/11/2020 09:39)
http://ww.med.monash.edu.au/gendermed/sexandgender.html (accessed on 06/11/2012)s
http://changingminds.org/explanations/gender/womenlanguage.html (accessed on 08/10/2012
20:20)
http://wikipedia.org/wiki.sociolinguistics (accessed on 06/10/2012:1933)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Austen (accessed on 09/12/2012 19:43)
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_difference_between_a_main_character_and_a_minor_ch
aracter (accessed on 30/11/2012 14:22)
http://www.holmdel.k12.nj.us/schools/satz/eng_dept/Elements%20of%20Literature/character
.htm (accessed on 30/11/2012 14:23)
CHARACTER IN JANE AUSTEN’S NOVEL: PRIDE AND
PREJUDICE
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State
University of Medan, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of
Sarjana Sastra
BY
MURDIANTI
Registration Number: 209220033
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2013
ABSTRACT
Murdianti. 2013. Women’s Language Analysis on the Main Character in Jane
Austen’s Novel: Pride and Prejudice. A Thesis. English and Literature
Department. Faculty of Languages and Arts. State University of Medan.
This study deals with women’s language analysis on the main character in Jane
Austen’s novel: Pride and Prejudice. The objectives of the study are to describe the
types of women’s linguistics features on the main character in Jane Austen’s novel
Pride and Prejudice, to derive women’s linguistics features on the main character in
Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice, to reason women’s linguistics features on the
main character in Jane Austen’s novel Pride and Prejudice. The research was conducted
by descriptive qualitative. The data are the speech on the main character in Jane
Austen’s novel, the data were collected from 1 novel, Pride and Prejudice that has
women’s linguistics features. The data were analyzed by identifying and classifying the
figures of speech displaying the result in a table. Then these linguistics features are
described in details. The analysis found that there are 9 types of women’s linguistics
features which used: lexical hedges is amount 10,06%, tag question is 0,62%, rising
intonation on declarative is 2,51%, empty adjective is 3,14%, precise color terms is 0%,
intensifier is 56,60%, hyper correct grammar is 1,88%, super polite form is 0,62%,
avoidance of swear word is 14,46%, and emphatic stress is 10,06%. The most dominant
feature that used is intensifier and the lowest is precise color terms because it is not used
in the data
Keywords: Linguistics, Sociolinguistics, Women’s Language
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahi Robbil Alamin
A great thanks to Allah SWT for blessing and protection that the writer has been
granted so she can finallt completed this thesis as an partial fulfillment of the
requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra. The writer is aware of God’s helps, she
can finish her study and find some solutions for many difficulties and roubles during the
completion of this thesis.
During the process of writing this thesis, the writer has accepted a lot of
assistance and guidance for some people. First of all, the writer would like to say her
great gratitude to:
1.
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar, M.Si. as the Rector of State University of Medan,
2. Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M. Hum. as the Dean of Faculty of Language and Art,
3. Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd. as the Head of English and Literature
Department, and Dra. Meisuri, M.A. as the Head of Applied Linguistics
Department. Her thanks to her thesis consultant,
4. Drs. M. Natsir, M.Hum. for his help, advice, guidance, and precious time he
had given during the compltion this thesis.
5. For her academic consultant, Dr.Siti Aisah Gintings, M.Pd. for her guidance
and advice during her study in State University of Medan.
ii
6. Prof. Tina Mariany Arifin, M.A., Ph.D for her advice and support during the
writer’s study. For all the lecturers that has been taught the writer.
7. A deepest love, appreciation and very special gratitude is devoted to her beloved
parents, Muhlidan and Tuminem, for their countless love, support, prayers,
patiences and financial support in her entire life and during her study.
8. She would never forget to say thank to her sisters and brothers, Munginah and
Drs. Suwito, Muhsinin and Siti Halimah, and Munjiah and Sugiarto, also to
her beloved dearest little sister who always make her life full of smile, Maya
Safitri, for all her nephews, Wiwit, Ibal, Fahri, Reza, and Revi, and for all her
families for their prays and motivations.
9. Special thanks also gives to her beloved friend Conny (thanks for every advice
you always give), Suci, Ica, Sisna, Nurul, Jimmi, Nindi, Lusi, Siska, Irham,
Lutfi, Niar and for all members in Applied Linguistics especially Aplied
Linguistics A and B ’09. For her friends in schools that she has been studied.
Thanks to Muhammad Idris for forcing the writer to finish this thesis.
Finally the writer realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect in spite of
fact the she has done her best in completing this work. Therefore, criticism, comment,
and suggestions are welcome for further improvement of this thesis.
May Allah SWT give us grace and peace.
Assalamualaikum Wr. Wb.
The writer,
Murdianti
iii
TABLE OF CONTENT
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................
i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ........................................................................
ii
TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................
iv
Chapter I
INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................
1
A. The Background of the Study ................................................................
1
B. The Problem of the Study......................................................................
4
C. The Objectives of the Study ..................................................................
5
D. The Scope of the Study .........................................................................
5
E. The Significant of the Study..................................................................
5
Chapter II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE .......................................................................
6
A. Literature ...............................................................................................
7
1.
Poetry .............................................................................................
7
2.
Drama .............................................................................................
9
3.
Prose ...............................................................................................
11
B. Gender ...................................................................................................
12
C. Women’s Linguistics Features ..............................................................
13
1. Lexical Hedges or Fillers ................................................................
14
2. Tag Questions ..................................................................................
15
3. Rising Intonation on Declarative .....................................................
16
4. Empty Adjective ..............................................................................
16
5. Precise Color Terms ........................................................................
17
6. Intensifiers .......................................................................................
17
iv
7. Hypercorrect Grammar....................................................................
18
8. Superpolite forms ............................................................................
19
9. Avoidance of Swear Words.............................................................
19
10. Emphatic Stress ...............................................................................
20
D. Character ...............................................................................................
22
1. Supporting Character .......................................................................
22
2. Main Character ................................................................................
22
E. Summary ...............................................................................................
24
1. The Biography of the Author ..........................................................
24
2. The Summary of the Novel .............................................................
26
Chapter III
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY .................................................................
31
A. The Research Method............................................................................
31
B. The Source of the Data ..........................................................................
31
C. Technique of Collecting the Data..........................................................
31
D. Technique of Analyzing the Data .........................................................
32
Chapter IV
DATA, DATA ANALYSIS, AND FINDINGS ...........................................
33
A. Data .......................................................................................................
33
B. Data Analysis
1.
Identification of the Dominant types of women’s linguistics features
` ...................................................................................................
2.
The Analysis of the Occurrence types of women’s linguistics features
.....................................................................................................
34
a. Lexical hedges ............................................................................
34
b. Tag Question ...............................................................................
35
v
33
c. Rising Intonation on Declarative ................................................
35
d. Empty Adjective .........................................................................
36
e. Precise Color Term ....................................................................
36
f. Intensifier ...................................................................................
36
g. Hyper Correct Grammar ............................................................
37
h. Super Polite Form ......................................................................
37
i. Avoidance of Swear words ........................................................
37
j. Emphatic Stress ..........................................................................
38
F. Research Findings ................................................................................
38
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .........................................................
40
A. Conclusion .............................................................................................
40
B. Suggestion .............................................................................................
41
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
vi
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion
From the data analysis, the objective of the study are to find out the types, the
the most dominant type, and the reason for the most dominant type of women’s
linguistics features in the novel. This research is conducted by descriptive qualitative
design, which make a description of situation or even/ occurrence. It is found that:
1. There are 9 women’s linguistics features found in the data: lexical hedges,
tag question, rising intonation on declarative, empty adjective, intensifier,
hyper correct grammar, super polite form, avoidance of swear words, and
emphatic stress.
2. The most dominant types is used in the data is intensifier. It is found with the
total amount 56,60% or in 90 utterances.
3. Intensifier found as the most dominant in the data means the character in the
data used intensifier is to strength the opinion or statement, to persuade the
addressee to take serious in their statement. Intensifier that is used also to
heighten and to lower the intensity of the utterance.
40
41
B. Suggestion
1. This study is hoped can be further continued by other researcher by using
different approach.
2. For English Department, it is hoped that this study can be an additional
knowledge especially for the next student who want to do the research that is
connected with this study.
REFERENCES
Chambers, JK and Peter Trudgill (1980). Dialectology. Australia: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Crystal, David (1992). An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Language and Languages. London:
Blackwell Publishing.
Holmes, Janet (2001). Introduction to Sociolinguistics (Second Edition). Essex:
Pearlson Education Ltd.
Lakoff, Robin (1973). Language and Women’s Place. London: Cambridge University Press.
McKay,Sandra and Nancy Hornberger (1996). Sociolinguistics and Language Teaching.
USA: Cambridge University Press.
Nazir, Moh (1988). Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Ghalia Indonesia
Nurgiyantoro, Burhan (2000). Teori Pengkajian Fiksi. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University
Press
Tannen, Deborah (1991). You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men In Coversation.
London: Virago
Wardaugh, Ronald (1986). An Introduction to Sociolingustics. Oxford: Blackwell Ltd.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gender (accessed on 10/11/2020 09:39)
http://ww.med.monash.edu.au/gendermed/sexandgender.html (accessed on 06/11/2012)s
http://changingminds.org/explanations/gender/womenlanguage.html (accessed on 08/10/2012
20:20)
http://wikipedia.org/wiki.sociolinguistics (accessed on 06/10/2012:1933)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Austen (accessed on 09/12/2012 19:43)
http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_difference_between_a_main_character_and_a_minor_ch
aracter (accessed on 30/11/2012 14:22)
http://www.holmdel.k12.nj.us/schools/satz/eng_dept/Elements%20of%20Literature/character
.htm (accessed on 30/11/2012 14:23)