Tectonic in Architecture in Capability of Capturing Epoch

  `Tectonic in Architecture in Capability of Capturing Epoch Naniek Widayati Priyomarsono

  

1

, R Surya

  2 , D S Budiman

  3 1,2,3 Department of Architecture, Universitas Tarumanagara, Jakarta, Indonesia

• E-mail: naniekw@ft.untar.ac.id

  Abstract. Globalization excludes territory, carries out universal spirit as more emphasizing univalence rather than multivalence. In architectural context, universal perspective is just at doubt in its capacity to respond epoch challenge. Modernity proliferating into diversity of life aspects causes architecture attaint to hegemonic status not rich of colours, texture, ornament, and not rationalistic. Tectonic aspect in architecture is expected to be able to uplift locality dignity rooted from existing culture, nature, and material resource. This research is done with a qualitative, deductive and verificative method with study object of architectural work already available. Field observation result refers to a theory setup deductively from journal collections studies, expert's opinion so that it results in tectonic variable formulation in architecture.

  Research object selected is architectural work to explore tectonic architecture, known adept at exploring natural potency and local cultural riches as well as material usage of local building. A result obtained is a comprehension on tectonic in architecture and all aspects constituting it. A comprehension gained is tested to architectural work with perspective up to their implementation in the field. Finally it draws to a conclusion that tectonic aspect in architecture can be an creation alternative of locality architecture in Indonesia.

1. Introduction

  

To make it architectural, meaning that to speak language with space and gatra, with line and plane,

with a material and lace atmosphere, it is natural that individual is supposed to be architect in culture,

with the inner feeling (nurani). To make it architectural means to make it cultural, thus it is suitable

that Mangunwijaya known as a cultural with the inner feeling and responsibility to yield architectural

work not only having ‘utility’ but also having an ‘image’. Architecture is not only a problem of

concept, philosophy, and macro level thinking but must be also supported by sufficient knowledge via

micro level namely tectonic [1].

To make it architecture for Mangunwijaya is to do activities, including as craftmen. Mastery on

making-process from mastery of characteristic and trait of building material. Each architectural work

must be honest in expressing a meaning as set forth in it. Basic principle of Mangunwijaya's work is: 1)

Simplicity in forms of; 2) To build as low as possible; 3) Building material is as light as possible

mainly on the the above section; 4) building separation with complex function to be an independent

building, its form is not plural. Thus his work becomes more meaningful since there is story on the

plan and story on the process of embodiment [1].

Prijotomo in his writing as introduction maker of Pangarsa's book entitled, “Complexity of prasaja, in

architecture of humankind” tells that; each architecture is complexity including many aspect and

2. Material and Method

  

Data study is based on field survey result and some writing of books, journal media, social

communication media (internet), as well as interview result with user and guard in three study objects

namely; 1). Church of Santa Maria Assumpta in Klaten; 2). Residence of Arief Budiman in Salatiga,

both are works of Romo Mangunwijay; 3). Gallery of Cemeti as work of Eko Prawoto, explained

consecutively to start from:

STUDY OF FIELD

  Tectonic in Architecture Dalam Arsitektur

  ARCHITECTURE Tectonic of Kenneth Frampton Tectonic of Romo

• Maria Assumpta Church * GKI Sokaraja
• Wisma Kuwera * Rumah Seni Cemeti * House of Arief Budiman * House of Djaduk Ferianto

  Mangunwijaya Tectonic of Eko Prawoto [1,2,4,7]

  Some of Architectural Work Identification of Architectural Work based on:

  1. Established work

  2. Tectonic aspect

  3. Locality Meaning [4,5,6] Field Data

  

ANALYSIS

THEORY

  

tectonic is main aspect in architectural work produced, mainly on the encounter (connection) from

material in accordance with its character with full aesthetic, it is expected to be able to capture epoch

development [2].

FIELD DATA

  3. Local Material

  4. Harmonious on environment

  5. Simple with Local Condition [7,8,9]

  a. Building History & Object Location

b. Spatial Compilation Processing

  c. Construction Detail/Structure

  

d. Spatial-Shaping Element (wall,

flow, roof, etc.) e. Expression, Building Display Result Between

  Meaning & Locality In Tectonic Architect

  

CONCLUSION

  2. Connection Detail

  

Figure 1. Research Interpretation Framework

Study of Theory

  1. Spatial Compilation

3. Results and Discussion

  Utilization of Local material sources, natural, cultural and social l environment in the vicinity locally

  Church on display has all around-direction face which shows its openness and humbleness as Mother loves Maria before the children

  church concept as faith community friendly, Down to Earth and Simple such a church building inspired from Ronchamp (Le Corbusier) has space and compilation as well as atmosphere full feminine of

  Human House commensurate with

  Church building form is pelana-roof with a common tile cover which reflects simplicity and humbleness. Spatial processing with cement mixed floor with creation motive of craftsmanship reflect God House of

  S i m p l e b u i l d i n g d i s p l a y e x p r e s s i o n n o t s a l i e n t

  All building materials include furniture are formal local material left behind to process into new creation uniquely and typically. All of craftsmanship creation including hanging-light except bulb is from industry

  Material used is all from local environment by utilizing craftsmen’s creation and craftsmen therefore cultural element and tradition as well as social of people are most Javanese in affiliation jointly to yield new creation full with aesthetics and symbol (meaning)

  Table 1. Research Perspective Diagram S U B J E C T S T U D Y O B J E C T A N A L Y S I S R E S U L T

  C h u r c h o f M a r i a A s s u m t a K l a t e n , A r c h i t e c t o f Y B M a n g u n w i j a y a Sketch shape, (Spatial Compilation) Javanese house concept has 3 groups of composed space:

  (sacred trinity props the universe) Structural wall is finished with bamboo scratch reflecting esthetic detail besides fulfilling statics style also having esthetics value

  Saka guru is propped by three pillar

  Construction Detail, Structure, and other Elements Salient Detail on saka guru bearing tent-shaped roof.

   values of people’s life (Javanese) providing tectonic meaning in architecture on spatial context

  Cultural value and local tradition in affiliation with religious value

  human with nature, Linear spatial organization continues from entry door to room of siti hinggil, pendapa, dalem ends into panti imam (altar)

  Dalem (worship/faith foundation) as link of human being with God. Pendapa (people’s space) as link of human with human. Siti Hinggil (garden) as link of

  Structure detail and construction as well as other shaping-elements, produce creation aesthetics visually besides bearing burden of building, as well as pouring into radiant and air to show tectonic in church architecture is successfully created Process of establishing an architecture creation i n n o v a t i v e , c r e a t i v e , a n d a e s t h e t i c S t r u ct u r e d et ai l an d b u i ld i ng construction are shown from salient wooden material (board sized 2x2cm

  2

  ) is setup creatively not functioning to withhold burden/weight as well as having aesthetics value of that c o n n e c t i o n r e s u l t

  Wooden construction becomes prominent in building, Construction system of column, block, Floor and upstate unite as in connection technique not only stiff and strong but strong as well as beautiful and simple

  R e s i d e n c e o f A r i f B u d i m a n I n S a l a t i g a A r c h i t e c t o f Y B . M a n g u n w i j a y a S k e t c h S p a c e ( S p a t i a l C o m p i l a t i o n )

  Has an arrangement of spaces in groups with four building masses with bridges and stairs

  Presence of building follows field contour, which is quite steep, This building with open concept toward, Environment with moist tropical climate

  Construction Detail, structure and other elements Building setup with concrete frame structure & wood with roof of

  pelana

  Having many structure detail and construction showed as like that. Beautiful, stiff and Strong in expression emerging from connection produced. Honestly shows up from each elements

  U t i l i z a t i o n o f l o c a l m a t e r i a l s o u r c e , N a t u r a l e n v i r o n m e n t a n d l o c a l s o c i a l

  Material used overall is from local environment with concrete, wood and bamboo construction dominant, Utilizing masterpiece of craftsmanship and craftsmen, so that cultural element and tradition as well as people social mostly from Javanese unites together produces new creation full of aesthetic value and symbols (meaning)

  Inspired by many local materials around it namely bamboo, into ingredients which is widely used other than wood but of quality the best. House that is openly designed produce tropical architectural work B u i l d i n g d i s p l a y e x p r e s s i o n S i m p l e a n d n o t s a l i e n t

  The shape of the building is saddle- roofed with a two-storey system which is basically the floor open produces the impression of the building, floating and united with the lush trees creating a truly beautiful tropical atmosphere.

  Dynamic mass is formed on a full contoured landlush trees create a comfortable, comfortable home atmosphere, especially from the physical aspects of the building

  Process of building architectural creation innovative, C r e a t i v e , a n d a e s t t h i c s .

  By bringing in workmen directly in the field without drawing a blueprint. Works that are rich with creativity and creation of material processing and the value of beauty created therefore make this building very inviting attention to be observed and studied its beauty and strength

  Development process is done by providing local material processed instantly in the field. All construction and setting of each building are employed by creation of craftsmanship and craftsmen good up to now

  A r t H o u s e O f C e m e t i , A r c h i t e c t b y E k o P r a w o t o S k e t c h S p a c e ( S p a t i a l C o m p i l a t i o n )

  It has a composition of spaces with traditional nuances that combine with modern nuances. The face as space receiver of joglo building with limasan roof. The showroom at the back has a shape according to its modern industrialist function.

  Tectonic is produced since blend of traditional quality and modern quality, Coupled contrast and harmony

  Construction Detail, Structure, and other elements Structure detail and building construction are displayed or exposed to show as the way as it is and reasonable from system.

  Based on each/individual material character. Wood and bamboo are in a receiving building, mirror, and concrete on building of display

  Material treated as the way as it is in coincidence with utilization value and also has beneficial value to have esthetics, Effort of respecting tradition and culture of Yogyakarta is displayed by presenting joglo coupled with modernity

  U t i l i z a t i o n o f l o c a l m a t e r i a l s o u r c e , natural environment, culture, local, and social Material utilizes local material rooted drom environment of Yogya city. All materials uses wood substance bamboo, coal, and glass

  The aspect of locality was felt when entering the Cemeti Art House. All appear openly (shown) to become architectural works that are rich with aesthetic values and meaning in accordance with their roles Building display expression simple and not salient Pyramid-formed roof becomes a receiving which displays from Panjaitan street, In illustration of its existence in Yogyakarta city (culture) but it displays with a building character in city

  The expression of Cemeti Art House as an Art Gallery appears simple unlike most art galleries, but behind the

  simplicity, there are local characteristics and typical identity of Javanese culture tradition strong in the midst of modernity dynamics of Yogyakarta society

  P r o c e s s o f e s t a b l i s h i n g a r c h i t e c t u r a l c r e a t i o n . I n n o v a t i v e , c r e a t i v e , a n d a e s t h e t i c s .

  As gallery of artist’s venue to show their craftsmanship, building design, concept is made simple and neutral. Therefore art creation dispelled remain to be salient. Since it has on receiving room full of ornament agglutinated from a

  Joglo house.

  Two styles each dispelled to interpret Yogya city But in accordance with its function thus radiation is salient in design so that Cemeti Art House shall be principle on sustainable concept.

4. Conclusion

  

Result of discussion on tectonic in architecture based on theoretical study investigated on observation

object in the field shows that tectonic in architecture always presents meaning and a strong loyalty

aspect on design and work of architecture. The latter is realized and spatial compilation processing

creation (sketch organization), structural design and construction on building with material used in

accordance with trait and its characteristic. Honesty realized through reasonableness displays each

architectural element as the way as it is so that it has its beauty by itself. All is seen on building display

as expressed started from designing process to establishing into an architectural wok since there is

living vales in it.

  

Meaning and locality aspect in tectonic architect can be lifted as characteristic and identity of each

architect’s works since architect potency can be identified and characterized design notions. In relation

to technology advance and modernization flows thus they can be creative capital to yield architectural

work full of meaning with locality aspect characterized and identified in accordance with cultural

values and nation tradition supposed to conserverd and developed.

  References

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Design Surabaya: PT. Wastu Lanas Grafika.

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Work, Semarang, Paper of Seminar 4 th

  International Symposium of Nusantara Urban Research Institute (NURI) “Change + Heritage in Architecture + Urban Development” Semarang: Department of Architecture of faculty of Engineering of University of Diponegoro.

[4] Frampton K 1995 Studies in Tectonic Culture, The Poetics of Construction in nineteenth and

twentieth Century Architecture, Cambridge Massachusetts: The MIT Press.

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[9] Rumah Seni Cemeti 1999 The Tectonic Architecture of Y.B. Mangunwijaya Jakarta: The Japan

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