TEKSTUR DAN INKLUSI FLUIDA URAT KUARSA DAERAH MIRAH, KECAMATAN KATINGAN TENGAH, KABUPATEN KATINGAN, PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH.
DAFTAR ISI
halaman
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. v
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................... x
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian ........................................................ 1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ................................................................ 2
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................... 2
1.4 Kegunaan Penelitian ................................................................ 3
1.5 Metodologi Penelitian ............................................................ 3
1.6 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................. 4
BAB II
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................ 5
2.1 Geologi Daerah Mirah ............................................................. 5
2.1.1 Kondisi Geologi Regional ............................................ 5
2.1.2 Mineralisasi Daerah Mirah ........................................... 7
2.2 Landasan Teori ........................................................................ 8
2.2.1 Alterasi Hidrotermal ..................................................... 9
2.2.2 Mineralisasi .................................................................. 10
v
2.2.3 Tekstur Kuarsa pada Zona Epitermal ........................... 16
2.2.4 Inklusi Fluida ............................................................... 21
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................ 26
3.1 Objek Penelitian ...................................................................... 26
3.2 Alat-alat yang Digunakan ........................................................ 26
3.3 Tahap-tahap Penelitian ............................................................ 28
3.3.1 Tahap Persiapan .............................................................. 28
3.3.2 Tahap Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Laboratorium ................... 28
3.3.2.1 Deskripsi Petrologi ............................................. 29
3.3.2.2 Analisis Petrografi .............................................. 29
3.3.2.3 Analisis Mineragrafi .......................................... 29
3.3.2.4 Analisis Inklusi Fluida ....................................... 30
3.3.3 Tahap Pengolahan Data dan Penulisan Laporan ........... 31
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN .................................................................. 33
4.1 Karakteristik Urat .................................................................... 33
4.1.1 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD114 ................. 34
4.1.2 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD132 ................. 37
4.1.3 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD139 ................. 41
4.1.4 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD176 ................. 42
4.1.5 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD208 ................. 47
4.2 Asosiasi Mineral Logam .......................................................... 51
4.3 Iklusi Fluida ............................................................................. 56
4.4 Paleosurface dan Model Mineralisasi ..................................... 61
vi
4.4.1 Paleosurface ................................................................... 61
4.4.2 Model Mineraliasi ........................................................... 63
BAB V
KESIMPULAN ............................................................................. 68
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... 70
LAMPIRAN
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Peta Geologi Daerah Penelitian .................................................. 7
Gambar 2.2 Model pembentukan mineralyang berhubungan dengan
kegiatan magmatik (Corbet, 2002) ............................................ 12
Gambar 2.3 Penampang ideal zona ubahan, distribusi mineral, temperatur
dan kedalaman serta distribusi mineral logam
(Buchanan, 1981) ....................................................................... 15
Gambar 2.4 Primary Growth Texture ............................................................ 18
Gambar 2.5 Recrystallization Texture ........................................................... 19
Gambar 2.6 Replacement Texture .................................................................. 21
Gambar 2.7 Tipe-tipe inklusi fluida ............................................................... 23
Gambar 2.8 Kisaran temperature dan salinitas, meand gradient kurva
untuk endapan mineral hidrotermal ........................................... 24
Gambar 2.9 Grafik paleosurface pembentukan urat mineralisasi
(Haas, 1971) ................................................................................ 25
Gambar 3.1 Bagan alir tahapan penelitian ..................................................... 32
Gambar 4.1 Peta lokasi pengambilan sampel urat kuarsa-kalsit ................... 33
Gambar 4.2 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD114 .............. 35
Gambar 4.3 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) ketiga sampel dari lubang bor
MBKDD114 perbesaran 40x ..................................................... 36
Gambar 4.4 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD132 .............. 39
Gambar 4.5 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) ketiga sampel dari lubang bor
viii
MBKDD132 perbesaran 40x ..................................................... 40
Gambar 4.6 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD139 .............. 41
Gambar 4.7 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) sampel dari lubang bor
MBKDD139 perbesaran 40x ..................................................... 42
Gambar 4.8 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD176 .............. 44
Gambar 4.9 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) ketiga sampel dari lubang bor
MBKDD176 perbesaan 40x ....................................................... 46
Gambar 4.10 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD208 ............ 49
Gambar 4.11 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) ketiga sampel dari lubang bor
MBKDD208 perbesaran 40x .................................................. 50
Gambar 4.12 Sampel batu inti, foto mikrografi asosiasi
mineral logam .......................................................................... 55
Gambar 4.13 Sampel urat kuarsa-kalsit, inklusi primer bifasa, grafik
hubungan temperatur homogenitas (Th) dengan salinitas
dan histogram nilai temperatur homogenitas .......................... 61
Gambar 4.14 Plot paleosurface pembentukan urat di daerah penelitian ....... 63
Gambar 4.15 Himpunan mineral yang dijumpai di daerah penelitian .......... 66
Gambar 4.16 Model zona mineralisasi daerah Mirah Kalanaman ................ 67
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Tipe alterasi serta himpunan mineralnya
(Guilbert dan Park, 1986) .......................................................... 12
Tabel 2.2
Klasifikasi tipe alterasi pada endapan sulfida rendah
(Thompson dan Thomson, 1986) ............................................... 32
Tabel 2.3
Karakteristik tipe endapan epitermal
(Heidenquist dan Reid, 1985) .................................................... 38
Tabel 4.1
Karakteristik urat kuarsa-kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD114 . 37
Tabel 4.2
Karakteristik urat kuarsa-kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD132 . 40
Tabel 4.3
Karakteristik urat kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD139 ............. 42
Tabel 4.4
Karakteristik urat kuarsa-kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD176 . 46
Tabel 4.5
Karakteristik urat kuarsa-kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD208 . 51
x
halaman
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................... i
ABSTRAK ..................................................................................................... iii
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................... iv
DAFTAR ISI .................................................................................................. v
DAFTAR GAMBAR ..................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR TABEL ......................................................................................... x
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................... 1
1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian ........................................................ 1
1.2 Identifikasi Masalah ................................................................ 2
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ..................................................................... 2
1.4 Kegunaan Penelitian ................................................................ 3
1.5 Metodologi Penelitian ............................................................ 3
1.6 Lokasi dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................. 4
BAB II
TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................ 5
2.1 Geologi Daerah Mirah ............................................................. 5
2.1.1 Kondisi Geologi Regional ............................................ 5
2.1.2 Mineralisasi Daerah Mirah ........................................... 7
2.2 Landasan Teori ........................................................................ 8
2.2.1 Alterasi Hidrotermal ..................................................... 9
2.2.2 Mineralisasi .................................................................. 10
v
2.2.3 Tekstur Kuarsa pada Zona Epitermal ........................... 16
2.2.4 Inklusi Fluida ............................................................... 21
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ............................................................ 26
3.1 Objek Penelitian ...................................................................... 26
3.2 Alat-alat yang Digunakan ........................................................ 26
3.3 Tahap-tahap Penelitian ............................................................ 28
3.3.1 Tahap Persiapan .............................................................. 28
3.3.2 Tahap Pelaksanaan Kegiatan Laboratorium ................... 28
3.3.2.1 Deskripsi Petrologi ............................................. 29
3.3.2.2 Analisis Petrografi .............................................. 29
3.3.2.3 Analisis Mineragrafi .......................................... 29
3.3.2.4 Analisis Inklusi Fluida ....................................... 30
3.3.3 Tahap Pengolahan Data dan Penulisan Laporan ........... 31
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN .................................................................. 33
4.1 Karakteristik Urat .................................................................... 33
4.1.1 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD114 ................. 34
4.1.2 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD132 ................. 37
4.1.3 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD139 ................. 41
4.1.4 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD176 ................. 42
4.1.5 Karakteristik Urat Lubang Bor MBKDD208 ................. 47
4.2 Asosiasi Mineral Logam .......................................................... 51
4.3 Iklusi Fluida ............................................................................. 56
4.4 Paleosurface dan Model Mineralisasi ..................................... 61
vi
4.4.1 Paleosurface ................................................................... 61
4.4.2 Model Mineraliasi ........................................................... 63
BAB V
KESIMPULAN ............................................................................. 68
DAFTAR PUSTAKA .................................................................................... 70
LAMPIRAN
vii
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 Peta Geologi Daerah Penelitian .................................................. 7
Gambar 2.2 Model pembentukan mineralyang berhubungan dengan
kegiatan magmatik (Corbet, 2002) ............................................ 12
Gambar 2.3 Penampang ideal zona ubahan, distribusi mineral, temperatur
dan kedalaman serta distribusi mineral logam
(Buchanan, 1981) ....................................................................... 15
Gambar 2.4 Primary Growth Texture ............................................................ 18
Gambar 2.5 Recrystallization Texture ........................................................... 19
Gambar 2.6 Replacement Texture .................................................................. 21
Gambar 2.7 Tipe-tipe inklusi fluida ............................................................... 23
Gambar 2.8 Kisaran temperature dan salinitas, meand gradient kurva
untuk endapan mineral hidrotermal ........................................... 24
Gambar 2.9 Grafik paleosurface pembentukan urat mineralisasi
(Haas, 1971) ................................................................................ 25
Gambar 3.1 Bagan alir tahapan penelitian ..................................................... 32
Gambar 4.1 Peta lokasi pengambilan sampel urat kuarsa-kalsit ................... 33
Gambar 4.2 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD114 .............. 35
Gambar 4.3 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) ketiga sampel dari lubang bor
MBKDD114 perbesaran 40x ..................................................... 36
Gambar 4.4 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD132 .............. 39
Gambar 4.5 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) ketiga sampel dari lubang bor
viii
MBKDD132 perbesaran 40x ..................................................... 40
Gambar 4.6 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD139 .............. 41
Gambar 4.7 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) sampel dari lubang bor
MBKDD139 perbesaran 40x ..................................................... 42
Gambar 4.8 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD176 .............. 44
Gambar 4.9 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) ketiga sampel dari lubang bor
MBKDD176 perbesaan 40x ....................................................... 46
Gambar 4.10 Lokasi pengambilan sampel lubang bor MBKDD208 ............ 49
Gambar 4.11 Sayatan tipis (X-Nikol) ketiga sampel dari lubang bor
MBKDD208 perbesaran 40x .................................................. 50
Gambar 4.12 Sampel batu inti, foto mikrografi asosiasi
mineral logam .......................................................................... 55
Gambar 4.13 Sampel urat kuarsa-kalsit, inklusi primer bifasa, grafik
hubungan temperatur homogenitas (Th) dengan salinitas
dan histogram nilai temperatur homogenitas .......................... 61
Gambar 4.14 Plot paleosurface pembentukan urat di daerah penelitian ....... 63
Gambar 4.15 Himpunan mineral yang dijumpai di daerah penelitian .......... 66
Gambar 4.16 Model zona mineralisasi daerah Mirah Kalanaman ................ 67
ix
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1
Tipe alterasi serta himpunan mineralnya
(Guilbert dan Park, 1986) .......................................................... 12
Tabel 2.2
Klasifikasi tipe alterasi pada endapan sulfida rendah
(Thompson dan Thomson, 1986) ............................................... 32
Tabel 2.3
Karakteristik tipe endapan epitermal
(Heidenquist dan Reid, 1985) .................................................... 38
Tabel 4.1
Karakteristik urat kuarsa-kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD114 . 37
Tabel 4.2
Karakteristik urat kuarsa-kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD132 . 40
Tabel 4.3
Karakteristik urat kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD139 ............. 42
Tabel 4.4
Karakteristik urat kuarsa-kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD176 . 46
Tabel 4.5
Karakteristik urat kuarsa-kalsit pada lubang bor MBKDD208 . 51
x