Paper Aptekindo Improving Student Competence in Digital Technique 2012 ACN

012341520615793
0154

4
 
2 

3




 !"#!$%&'&(")!*'$"+$,!*"-&").#')!*'$"/-)0.!%"
1-%"')0%-2'&(",.*!&"/-)0!!&/!""
'&"*'('$#"!/&'3.!"/-.%,!"
$456758"/96:746"&;)#&#'&$).$'!#%#'0('
).$#'!.#"&$0%).$3#"&!'#(&@"*#.(0(8+0#3#%#(&&&+#A080&*9#+(07!#"$!."#5B
CDEFGHGIBJDKHEBB
9+#-$.'L%#'0L$%#"1.$%&+#M&0(L%#'0!"L-+0+*0&#.**2%#("&+#0(&#.%#'0.2$.
&+#$!.0#.5N#'0"#.3#""(2/0('$1&$$*&+&)#$)*#!"#&$$(3#2%#""8#"$.0(1$.% &0$(5O(
P'0% (=.01QRSSRT4U 8(#"&&#"&+&&+#%#'0.#'011#.#(&&2)#"$1$%)$(#(&"0(&+#

#(30.$(%#(&&+&("&0%!*&#"&!'#(&"&$*#.(5N#(-+0*#40(P'0% (QRSSRT4V.088""&&#"&+&
&+#%#'00"**&+#)+2"0*&$$*"&$'#*03#.%#""8#"('"&0%!*&#"&!'#(&"&$*#.("!+",$$/"4
10*%"('&)#"5
9$$,&0($)&0% *.#"!*&"0(&+#).$#""$1*#.(0(8('&#+0(80(&+#*"".$$%4&+#&-$
% 0($%)$(#(&"(##'&$,#$("0'#.#'4(%#*2&+#%#&+$'$1&#+0(8('*#.(0(8%#'059+#"#
&-$$%)$(#(&".#0(&#..#*&#'('0("#).,*#59+#!"#('"#*#&0$($1$(#).&0!*.&#+0(8
%#&+$'+"$("#7!#(#"$(&+#!"#$1)).$).0&#&2)#"$1*#.(0(8%#'05?!(&0$($1%#'00(
&#+0(8('*#.(0(8).$#""0"&$#(+(#&+#"&0%!*&0$($1"&!'#(&"0(*#.(0(8&030&0#"5=*04N
QRSSWT0(+0".#"#.+.#)$.&"&&#'&+&&+#!"#$1$%)!&#.;""0"&#'*#.(0(8%#'0+"
"08(010(&0(1*!#(#$(&+#&&.&0$($1"&!'#(&"&$*#.(&+#$%)#&#(0#",#0(8&!8+&59+!"4&+#
0(&#.&0$(,#&-##(&+#*#.(#."-0&+&+#%#'00"$(.#&#% (01#"&&0$($1&+#&$1*#.(0(85
N#(-+0*#4&+#1$.%$1&#+0(8('*#.(0(80"$(#$%)$(#(&0(&+#'#*03#.2"&.̸-+#&+#.
*#.(#.".#8.$!)#'0(&$*.8#8.$!)4"% **4$.0('030'!*5
U#(#.*+.&#.0"&0"$1*#.(0(8%#'04(%#*2X
Y5ZM#.(0(8%#'0+")+2"0*"#("#4$.$%%$(*2.#1#..#'&$"&+#+.'- .#4-+0+0"(
$,[#&&+&(,#"##(4+#.'4$.&$!+#'-0&+103#"#("#"5
R5ZM#.(0(8%#'0+"($(;)+2"0*"#("#4/($-("&+#"$1&- .#$(&#(&$1&+#%#""8#
$(&0(#'0(&+#+.'- .#&+&0"$(&#(&&$,#$(3#2#'&$"&!'#(&"5
\5ZM#.(0(8%#'0+"(#%)+"0"$(30"!*('!'0$")#&"5
5ZM#.(0(8%#'00"!"#"+#*)0(8&$$*0(&+#*#.(0(8).$#"",$&+0("0'#('$!&"0'#&+#

*"".$$%5
W5ZM#.(0(8%#'0.#!"#'"%#("$1$%%!(0&0$(('0(&#.&0$($1&#+#."('"&!'#(&"
0(&+#*#.(0(8).$#""5
]5ZM#.(0(8%#'0(,#!"#'0(3#.2*.8#8.$!)"Q#8.'0$4&#*#30"0$(T4*.8#8.$!)"('"% **
8.$!)"Q#810*%"4"*0'#"430'#$4^_6T4$.0('030'!*Q#84%$'!*#"4$%)!&#.4.'0$&)#`
""#&30'#$.#$.'#.T5
abDBcdHGIBefBCDEFGHGIBJDKHEB
g($-*#'8#('"/0**"4&&0&!'#"(',#+30$.+(8#"($!.'!#&$0(&#.&0$(",#&-##(
&+#(#-#>)#.0#(#-0&+&+##>)#.0#(#(#3#.#>)#.0#(#',#1$.#5=$.'0(8&$V.!(#.0(=."2'





012341520615793
0154

4
 
2 


3

!!"#$%&%'&%#$&%%(')*+%,%+-./+%'&*)*0(.1%23$)4$)-'1)&%4#%56%&)%*4%%*'4#),%"2
6)4#.&)'+%56%&)%*4%71&'3)*0)4.*)4"2'*1#$%%56%&)%*4%./#$%'8-#&'4#-9(8.+)4":;*%./#$%
(.-#3)1%+9&%/%&%*4%1)++#++,6//,!4?;)+//,/)0/#'#"2(;?;(#/%@2;6;?;(#;)+//,/)02;,',#/
56;6+;(!4#A.(2+++B*.(#*#+,2,)+B"#0(#;,)+B#'2(!2,)+2+4;)""#;,'#2;,)+%9#0)"#,6#
0"/,;?;(#/#C#;!,#4B."#8/,!4?2;,',#/5((D#;)+4!;,#456;6+;(!4#A)D/#"'2,)+B
."#.2"2,)+)0*2,#"2(/B4#'#().*#+,)0;)*.!,#"8D2/#4+/,"!;,)+2(*#42B2+4."#.2"2,)+)0
2//#//*#+,+/,"!*#+,/%=");#4!"#/2+4/,#./+,6//,!4?;2+D#/##++0!"#$%
E,,6#/,2#)0."#8"#/#2";62;,',#/B)+#)0,6#*)/,*.)",2+,/,#./,6#."#.2"2,)+)0
*#42%E,,6//,2#B/,!4#+,/2"#2(/)2/>#4,).")'4#0##4D2;>)+(#2"++*#42,62,/D#+
D!(,%E0,#"."#8/,!4?2;,',#/62/D##+;)*.(#,#4B,6#0"/,;?;(#D#2+%9#;2!/#,6#*#42
."#.2"2,)+/,2#,2>#/2()+,*#B,6#D#+++)00"/,;?;(#4#(2?#42(*)/,!+,(*48/#*#/,#"%



012341520615793
0154


4
 
2 

3





!"#$%&'($")$#*+$#,-.$/,./01"+$#23-)$45$-#**!0$4-
6++().7.5$8)+"4$*+)-#$-)9$4+/")$+($5$-#**!0$4--++($).(//5&:#/#+/+($
4$;$5/10$*+/,0$4-8+$-.($#)*$$4-5/+/,+0$+/4$5;$#+($0-+$#-5&6++().7.5$8+$-.($#)