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• Real world background:
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Planning: 1930s (Keyness), wartime (USSR)
Aid: Marshal Plan
Hunger: FAO
Population: Malthusiasm
Cold War: communism excluded
Anti Colonial: revolution
• Origin: Third World:
– Economic (west-east, south-north); political (third way,
nonalignment);
• Criteria for theories: empirical validity; theoretical
adequacy; policy effectiveness
Pengertian Pembangunan
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Defining Development Today
• Economic component: dealing with the creation of
wealth & improved conditions of material life,
equitably distributed.
• Social ingredient: well being in health, education,
housing & employment.
• Political dimension: human right, political freedom,
democracy.
• Cultural dimension: recognition of identity & self –
worth.
• The full-life paradigm, refer to meaning system,
symbols, beliefs concerning life & history.
• Ecological & sustainable development.
Core Values Of Development
• Sustenance: the ability to meet basic needs
– Food, shelter, health, & protection
– If these absence >absolute underdevelopment
• Self-esteem: to be a person
– A sense of worth and self-respect, not being use by
others
– Authenticity, identity, dignity, respect, honour, or
recognition
• Freedom: to be able to choose
– Emancipation/Range of choice: economic, social,
political
Prinsip-Prinsip Pembangunan
• Berfokus kepada semua aset: modal fisik, sosial/
manusia, alam
– Semua aset berkontribusi kepada kesejahteraan
– Modal fisik berkontribusi melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi
– Modal sosial/manusia & modal alam berkontribusi terhadap modal
fisik dgn meningkatkan pengembaliannya
• Penyelesaian aspek distributif yg berkelanjutan
– Distribusi yg merata dalam hal aset merupakan distribusi peluang
dalam memperoleh pendapatan, pendidikan dan memperbesar
kapasitas rakyat memanfaatkan teknologi
• Kerangka kerja institusional bagi pemerintahan yang baik
– Pembangunan memerlukan kelembagaan yang berfungsi secara
efektif, transparan, bertanggungjawab dengan kebebasan sipil,
partisipasi, dan tegaknya hukum
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• Real world background:
–
–
–
–
–
–
Planning: 1930s (Keyness), wartime (USSR)
Aid: Marshal Plan
Hunger: FAO
Population: Malthusiasm
Cold War: communism excluded
Anti Colonial: revolution
• Origin: Third World:
– Economic (west-east, south-north); political (third way,
nonalignment);
• Criteria for theories: empirical validity; theoretical
adequacy; policy effectiveness
Pengertian Pembangunan
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keseimbangan (equilibirium), relatif lebih stabil.
suatu keadaan
$+
/
* #
6
7 relatif
lebih bersifat sementara tidak stabil dan pengembangan serta
perubahan bidang kehidupan tertentu baru dalam taraf permulaan
sekali. Negara berkembang dimasukkan kategori “dalam fase
peralihan”.
%+
/
1
6
7
(equilibirium), relatif lebih stabil.
.
suatu
*/
keseimbangan
"
/
# !
keadaan
#
/ !
*
/
!
+
/ /
! # !
! #
!
1
/
Defining Development Today
• Economic component: dealing with the creation of
wealth & improved conditions of material life,
equitably distributed.
• Social ingredient: well being in health, education,
housing & employment.
• Political dimension: human right, political freedom,
democracy.
• Cultural dimension: recognition of identity & self –
worth.
• The full-life paradigm, refer to meaning system,
symbols, beliefs concerning life & history.
• Ecological & sustainable development.
Core Values Of Development
• Sustenance: the ability to meet basic needs
– Food, shelter, health, & protection
– If these absence >absolute underdevelopment
• Self-esteem: to be a person
– A sense of worth and self-respect, not being use by
others
– Authenticity, identity, dignity, respect, honour, or
recognition
• Freedom: to be able to choose
– Emancipation/Range of choice: economic, social,
political
Prinsip-Prinsip Pembangunan
• Berfokus kepada semua aset: modal fisik, sosial/
manusia, alam
– Semua aset berkontribusi kepada kesejahteraan
– Modal fisik berkontribusi melalui pertumbuhan ekonomi
– Modal sosial/manusia & modal alam berkontribusi terhadap modal
fisik dgn meningkatkan pengembaliannya
• Penyelesaian aspek distributif yg berkelanjutan
– Distribusi yg merata dalam hal aset merupakan distribusi peluang
dalam memperoleh pendapatan, pendidikan dan memperbesar
kapasitas rakyat memanfaatkan teknologi
• Kerangka kerja institusional bagi pemerintahan yang baik
– Pembangunan memerlukan kelembagaan yang berfungsi secara
efektif, transparan, bertanggungjawab dengan kebebasan sipil,
partisipasi, dan tegaknya hukum