Pengembangan Aplikasi Skripsi (Tugas Akhir) Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode Scrum.
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR) BERBASIS WEB
MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan mendapatkan gelar Strata Satu
Jurusan Informatika
Skripsi
Disusun Oleh:
Adi Umbas Primadharma
M0511001
JURUSAN INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
SURAKARTA
2015
i
SKRIPSI
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR) BERBASIS WEB
MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
Disusun oleh:
ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA
NIM. M0511001
telah disetujui oleh pembimbing pada tanggal 24 November 2015
Pembimbing I
Pembimbing II
Afrizal Doewes S.Kom., M.Sc.
Esti Suryani S.Si., M.Kom.
NIP. 19780909 200812 2 002
ii
PENGESAHAN
SKRIPSI
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR) BERBASIS WEB
MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
Disusun oleh:
ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA
NIM. M0511001
telah dipertahankan di hadapan dewan penguji
pada tanggal 24 November 2015
Susunan Dewan Penguji
1. Afrizal Doewes S.Kom., M.Sc.
(Ketua)
(
)
(Sekretaris)
(
)
(Anggota)
(
)
(Anggota)
(
)
NIP. 19850831 201212 1 004
2. Esti Suryani S.Si., M.Kom.
NIP. 19761129 200812 2 001
3. Ristu Saptono S.Si., M.T.
NIP. 19790210 200212 1 001
4. Sari Widya Sihwi S.Kom., M.T.I.
NIP.
19830412
200912
2
003
Disahkan Oleh:
Kepala Program Studi
Drs. Bambang Harjito, M.App.Sc., Ph.D
NIP. 19621130 199103 1 002
iii
MOTTO
Tetapi carilah dahulu Kerajaan Allah dan kebenaranNya, maka semuanya itu akan
ditambahkan kepadamu.
(Matthew 6:33)
Masa lalu uka lah pe e tu
How you li
a
asa depa . Ya g A da lakuka hari i i adalah pe egak
depa A da
(Mario Teguh)
asa
ou tai is ore i porta t tha rea hi g the top.
(Yvon Chouinard)
Jangan menunggu impian dan harapan Anda tercapai baru Anda berbahagia. Berbahagialah
sejak SEKARANG dengan apa yang sudah ada dan mewarnai hidup Anda! Bersyukurlah!
(Penulis)
iv
PERSEMBAHAN
Karya ini kupersembahkan kepada:
Papa, Mama, serta kedua Kakakku beserta keluarga terkasih
Sahabat-sahabat di PMK MIPA terkhusus David dan Fhiky
Semua teman-teman Informatika UNS angkatan 2011
Semua teman-teman KKN Belitung angkatan 2011
v
KATA PENGANTAR
Salam sejahtera bagi kita semua.
Penulis mengucapkan puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yesus Kristus atas kasih dan
anugerah-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini.
Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini tidak akan selesai tanpa adanya bantuan dari banyak
pihak, karena itu penulis menyampaikan terima kasih kepada:
1. Afrizal Doewes S.Kom., M.Sc. selaku Dosen Pembimbing I yang telah
memberikan pengarahan selama proses penyusunan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini,
2. Ibu Esti Suryani, S.Si, M.Kom. selaku Dosen Pembimbing II yang telah
memberikan masukan, kritik dan saran yang membangun,
3. Bapak Drs. Bambang Harjito, M.App.Sc., Ph.D. selaku Kepala Program Studi
Jurusan Informatika FMIPA UNS,
4. Kedua orang tua dan saudara-saudaraku yang telah memberikan dukungan
dan motivasi sehingga penulis bisa menyelesaikan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini,
5. Teman-teman Persekutuan Mahasiswa Kristen Fakultas MIPA dan temanteman seperjuangan di Jurusan Informatika angkatan 2011 yang telah berbagi
kasih, doa, dukungan, pengetahuan, pengalaman, serta memberi motivasi.
Semoga Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini bermanfaat dan dapat memberikan
sumbangsih bagi pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan.
Tuhan Yesus Memberkati.
Surakarta, 24 November 2015
Penulis
vi
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR)
BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA
Program Studi Informatika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam,
Universitas Sebelas Maret
ABSTRAK
Skripsi/Tugas Akhir merupakan karya ilmiah yang disusun oleh mahasiswa
berdasarkan hasil penelitian laboratorium atau penelitian lapangan. Informasi
mengenai Skripsi/Tugas Akhir di Program Studi Informatika Universitas Sebelas
Maret tidak dapat diperoleh dengan mudah. Informasi tersebut seperti ketersediaan
dosen pembimbing, judul penelitian, jadwal ujian seminar, serta data informasi
lainnya yang berkaitan dengan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir. Sumber Informasi dapat
diketahui dengan mudah melalui berbagai media, salah satunya adalah media internet
yang berbentuk sebuah situs atau website. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sebuah
Aplikasi yang menangani permasalahan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir yang ada di Jurusan
Informatika Universitas Sebelas Maret berbasis Website. Pengembangan Aplikasi
Skripsi/Tugas Akhir dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Agile yaitu dengan
model Scrum. Hasil yang diperoleh pada pengembangan Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas
Akhir dengan menggunakan metode Scrum terbukti dapat dengan mudah mengatasi
perubahan requirements, menghasilkan produk yang sesuai dengan keinginan
pengguna karena mendapatkan feedback secara kontinu. Kemudian dari hasil focus
factor kelima sprint didapat rata-rata focus factor nya yaitu 0.84 atau 84%, sehingga
dapat dikatakan tingkat presentase tim pengembang fokus mengerjakan pekerjaannya
dalam membangun Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir berbasis web menggunakan metode
scrum adalah 84%.
Kata kunci : Agile Methods, Scrum, Website
vii
DEVELOPING WEB BASED THESIS APPLICATION USING
SCRUM METHOD
ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA
Department of Informatics, Mathematics and Science Faculty, Sebelas Maret
University
ABSTRACT
Thesis is a scientific paper prepared by the college students based on the results of
laboratory or research on field. Information about the thesis in the Department of
Informatics Sebelas Maret University can not be obtained easily. The information
consists of the availability of lecturers, research title, exam schedules, and other data
information related to thesis. Information can be found easily through a variety of
media, one of which is the Internet media in the form of a websites. Therefore, it
needed a web based application that handles thesis problem in the Department of
Informatics Sebelas Maret University. Development of Application Thesis in this
study using Scrum method. Results obtained on application development thesis
project using the Scrum method is proven to easily handle requirements changing,
produce products that comply with the wishes of users because getting continuous
feedback. Then the average of factor focus from the five sprint is 0.84 or 84%, so it
can be said the percentage rate development teams focus on doing his work in
developing web based thesis application using Scrum method is 84%.
Keyword: Agile Methods, Scrum, Website
viii
DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ………………………………………………………………… i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN………………………………………………………. ii
PENGESAHAN ........................................................................................................... iii
MOTTO ....................................................................................................................... iv
PERSEMBAHAN ......................................................................................................... v
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................. vi
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. vii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................. xv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................. xvi
BAB I ............................................................................................................................ 1
PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1
Latar Belakang Masalah ................................................................................. 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................... 3
1.3
Batasan Masalah ............................................................................................. 3
1.4
Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................................ 4
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian .......................................................................................... 4
1.6
Sistematika Penulisan ..................................................................................... 4
BAB II ........................................................................................................................... 6
LANDASAN TEORI .................................................................................................... 6
2.1
Landasan Teori ............................................................................................... 6
2.1.1
Skripsi ..................................................................................................... 6
2.1.2
Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak ..................................................................... 7
2.1.3
Software Development Process ............................................................... 7
2.1.3.1 The Waterfall Model ............................................................................ 8
ix
2.1.3.2 Incremental Development .................................................................... 9
2.1.3.3 Reuse-oriented Software Engineering ............................................... 10
2.1.3.4 Agile Methodology ............................................................................ 11
2.1.3.5 Scrum................................................................................................. 14
2.1.4
2.2
Burndown Chart .................................................................................... 18
Penelitian Terkait ......................................................................................... 22
BAB III ....................................................................................................................... 28
METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .................................................................................. 28
3.1.
Pengumpulan Data dan Analisis Proses Bisnis ............................................ 29
3.1.1
Pengumpulan data ................................................................................. 29
3.1.2
Analisis Proses Bisnis ........................................................................... 29
3.2.
Membuat Product Backlog ........................................................................... 30
3.3.
Merancang Sprint Backlog ........................................................................... 31
3.4.
Desain Sistem ............................................................................................... 32
3.5.
Eksekusi Sprint ............................................................................................. 32
3.6.
Review dan Demo Produk ............................................................................ 34
3.7.
Analisis Scrum ............................................................................................. 35
3.8.
Delivery Produk ........................................................................................... 35
BAB IV ....................................................................................................................... 36
HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................................................... 36
4.1.
Pengumpulan Data dan Analisis Proses Bisnis ............................................ 36
4.2.
Membuat Product Backlog ........................................................................... 38
4.3.
Merancang Sprint Backlog ........................................................................... 42
4.4.
Desain Sistem ............................................................................................... 47
4.4.1
Usecase Diagram .................................................................................. 47
4.4.2
Usecase Narrative ................................................................................. 49
4.4.3
Entity Relationship Diagram................................................................. 72
4.5.
Eksekusi Sprint ............................................................................................. 73
4.6.
Review dan Demo Produk ............................................................................ 75
4.7.
Analisis Scrum ............................................................................................. 78
x
4.8.
Delivery Produk ........................................................................................... 82
BAB V......................................................................................................................... 83
PENUTUP ................................................................................................................... 83
5.1.
Kesimpulan ................................................................................................... 83
5.2.
Saran ............................................................................................................. 83
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................. 85
LAMPIRAN 1 ............................................................................................................. 87
LAMPIRAN 2 ............................................................................................................. 92
LAMPIRAN 3 ............................................................................................................. 97
LAMPIRAN 4 ........................................................................................................... 102
LAMPIRAN 5 ........................................................................................................... 111
xi
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Keterkaitan Penelitian Sebelumnya dengan Penelitian yang Dilakukan .... 26
Tabel 2.1 Lanjutan ...................................................................................................... 27
Tabel 3.1 Tabel setup .................................................................................................. 31
Tabel 3.2 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart ............................................................. 33
Tabel 4.1 Product backlog dari Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ................................... 40
Tabel 4.1 Lanjutan ...................................................................................................... 40
Tabel 4.2 Tabel setup untuk sprint 1 ........................................................................... 42
Tabel 4.3 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 1 ...................................................................... 44
Tabel 4.4 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 2 ...................................................................... 44
Tabel 4.5 Sprint backlog untuk Sprint 3 ..................................................................... 45
Tabel 4.6 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 4 ...................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.7 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 5 ...................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.8 Usecase Narrative Mendaftar Tugas Akhir ................................................ 49
Tabel 4.9 Usecase Narrative Melihat Prosedur .......................................................... 50
Tabel 4.10 Usecase Narrative Melihat Judul Skripsi Dosen ...................................... 51
Tabel 4.11 Usecase Narrative Melihat Jadwal Ujian ................................................. 52
Tabel 4.12 Usecase Narrative Melihat Judul Skripsi Informatika ............................. 53
Tabel 4.13 Usecase Narrative Mendaftar Ujian ......................................................... 54
Tabel 4.14 Usecase Narrative Melihat Keahlian Dosen Informatika ......................... 55
Tabel 4.15 Usecase Narrative Melihat My Profile ..................................................... 56
Tabel 4.15 Usecase Narrative Melihat Jadwal Ujian Bimbingan............................... 57
Tabel 4.16 Usecase Narrative Melihat Mahasiswa Bimbingan.................................. 58
Tabel 4.17 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Judul Dosen .............................................. 59
Tabel 4.18 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Prosedur ................................................... 60
Tabel 4.18 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Pendaftaran Tugas Akhir .................. 61
Tabel 4.19 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Pendaftaran Ujian .............................. 62
Tabel 4.20 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Jadwal Ujian Divisi TA..................... 63
xii
Tabel 4.21 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Ruangan ................................................... 64
Tabel 4.22 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Input Nilai ......................................... 65
Tabel 4.22 Usecase Narrative Mengedit Bidang Keahlian ........................................ 66
Tabel 4.23 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Mahasiswa ................................................ 67
Tabel 4.24 Usecase Narrative Melihat Data Statistik ................................................. 68
Tabel 4.24 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Nilai .......................................................... 69
Tabel 4.25 Usecase Narrative Indeks Validasi Pendaftaran Ujian ............................. 70
Tabel 4.27 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Aktor ........................................................ 71
Tabel 4.28 Tabel status sprint 1 .................................................................................. 73
Tabel 4.29 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart sprint 1 ............................................. 74
Tabel 4.30 Tabel Pengujian......................................................................................... 75
Tabel 4.31 Tabel Review Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ............................................. 77
Tabel 5.1 Tabel setup untuk sprint 1 ........................................................................... 87
Tabel 5.2 Tabel setup untuk sprint 2 ........................................................................... 88
Tabel 5.3 Tabel setup untuk sprint 3 ........................................................................... 89
Tabel 5.4 Tabel setup untuk sprint 4 ........................................................................... 90
Tabel 5.5 Tabel setup untuk sprint 5 ........................................................................... 91
Tabel 5.6 Tabel status untuk sprint 1 .......................................................................... 92
Tabel 5.7 Tabel status untuk sprint 2 .......................................................................... 93
Tabel 5.8 Tabel status untuk sprint 3 .......................................................................... 94
Tabel 5.9 Tabel status untuk sprint 4 .......................................................................... 95
Tabel 5.10 Tabel status untuk sprint 5 ........................................................................ 96
Tabel 5.11 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 1 ................................... 97
Tabel 5.12 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 2 ................................... 98
Tabel 5.13 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 3 ................................... 99
Tabel 5.14 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 4 ................................. 100
Tabel 5.14 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 5 ................................. 101
Tabel 5.15 Tabel blackbox testing Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ............................ 102
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 103
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 104
xiii
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 105
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 106
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 107
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 108
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 109
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 110
Tabel 5.16 Tabel review Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ............................................ 111
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 112
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 113
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 114
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 115
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 116
xiv
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 The Waterfall Model (Sommerville, 2011) ............................................... 8
Gambar 2.2 Incremental Model (Sommerville, 2011) ................................................ 10
Gambar 2.3 Reuse-oriented Model (Sommerville, 2011) ........................................... 11
Gambar 2.4. Scrum Process (Pressman, 2005) ........................................................... 15
Gambar 2.5 Contoh Burndown Chart 1 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 19
Gambar 2.6 Contoh Burndown Chart 2 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 20
Gambar 2.7 Contoh Burndown Chart 3 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 20
Gambar 2.8 Contoh Burndown Chart 4 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 21
Gambar 2.9 Contoh Burndown Chart 5 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 21
Gambar 3.1 Alur Penelitian Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ........................................ 28
Gambar 3.2 Bagan alur pengumpulan data dan analisis proses bisnis ........................ 29
Gambar 3.3 Bagan Alur pembuatan Product Backlog ................................................ 30
Gambar 3.4 Bagan alur perancangan Sprint Backlog ................................................. 31
Gambar 3.5 Bagan alur eksekusi sprint ...................................................................... 33
Gambar 3.5 Bagan alur Review dan Demo Produk ..................................................... 35
Gambar 4.1 Alur Proses Bisnis ................................................................................... 36
Gambar 4.2 Usecase Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ................................................... 48
Gambar 4.3 ERD Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ......................................................... 72
Gambar 4.4 Burndown chart Sprint 1 ......................................................................... 78
Gambar 4.5 Burndown chart Sprint 2 ......................................................................... 79
Gambar 4.6 Burndown chart Sprint 3 ......................................................................... 80
Gambar 4.7 Burndown chart Sprint 4 ......................................................................... 81
Gambar 4.8 Burndown chart Sprint 5 ......................................................................... 82
xv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Tabel setup ............................................................................................... 87
Lampiran 2 Tabel status .............................................................................................. 92
Lampiran 3 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart ......................................................... 97
Lampiran 4 Tabel blackbox testing ........................................................................... 102
Lampiran 5 Tabel review .......................................................................................... 111
xvi
MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
Diajukan untuk memenuhi sebagian persyaratan mendapatkan gelar Strata Satu
Jurusan Informatika
Skripsi
Disusun Oleh:
Adi Umbas Primadharma
M0511001
JURUSAN INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS SEBELAS MARET
SURAKARTA
2015
i
SKRIPSI
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR) BERBASIS WEB
MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
Disusun oleh:
ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA
NIM. M0511001
telah disetujui oleh pembimbing pada tanggal 24 November 2015
Pembimbing I
Pembimbing II
Afrizal Doewes S.Kom., M.Sc.
Esti Suryani S.Si., M.Kom.
NIP. 19780909 200812 2 002
ii
PENGESAHAN
SKRIPSI
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR) BERBASIS WEB
MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
Disusun oleh:
ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA
NIM. M0511001
telah dipertahankan di hadapan dewan penguji
pada tanggal 24 November 2015
Susunan Dewan Penguji
1. Afrizal Doewes S.Kom., M.Sc.
(Ketua)
(
)
(Sekretaris)
(
)
(Anggota)
(
)
(Anggota)
(
)
NIP. 19850831 201212 1 004
2. Esti Suryani S.Si., M.Kom.
NIP. 19761129 200812 2 001
3. Ristu Saptono S.Si., M.T.
NIP. 19790210 200212 1 001
4. Sari Widya Sihwi S.Kom., M.T.I.
NIP.
19830412
200912
2
003
Disahkan Oleh:
Kepala Program Studi
Drs. Bambang Harjito, M.App.Sc., Ph.D
NIP. 19621130 199103 1 002
iii
MOTTO
Tetapi carilah dahulu Kerajaan Allah dan kebenaranNya, maka semuanya itu akan
ditambahkan kepadamu.
(Matthew 6:33)
Masa lalu uka lah pe e tu
How you li
a
asa depa . Ya g A da lakuka hari i i adalah pe egak
depa A da
(Mario Teguh)
asa
ou tai is ore i porta t tha rea hi g the top.
(Yvon Chouinard)
Jangan menunggu impian dan harapan Anda tercapai baru Anda berbahagia. Berbahagialah
sejak SEKARANG dengan apa yang sudah ada dan mewarnai hidup Anda! Bersyukurlah!
(Penulis)
iv
PERSEMBAHAN
Karya ini kupersembahkan kepada:
Papa, Mama, serta kedua Kakakku beserta keluarga terkasih
Sahabat-sahabat di PMK MIPA terkhusus David dan Fhiky
Semua teman-teman Informatika UNS angkatan 2011
Semua teman-teman KKN Belitung angkatan 2011
v
KATA PENGANTAR
Salam sejahtera bagi kita semua.
Penulis mengucapkan puji syukur kepada Tuhan Yesus Kristus atas kasih dan
anugerah-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini.
Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini tidak akan selesai tanpa adanya bantuan dari banyak
pihak, karena itu penulis menyampaikan terima kasih kepada:
1. Afrizal Doewes S.Kom., M.Sc. selaku Dosen Pembimbing I yang telah
memberikan pengarahan selama proses penyusunan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini,
2. Ibu Esti Suryani, S.Si, M.Kom. selaku Dosen Pembimbing II yang telah
memberikan masukan, kritik dan saran yang membangun,
3. Bapak Drs. Bambang Harjito, M.App.Sc., Ph.D. selaku Kepala Program Studi
Jurusan Informatika FMIPA UNS,
4. Kedua orang tua dan saudara-saudaraku yang telah memberikan dukungan
dan motivasi sehingga penulis bisa menyelesaikan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini,
5. Teman-teman Persekutuan Mahasiswa Kristen Fakultas MIPA dan temanteman seperjuangan di Jurusan Informatika angkatan 2011 yang telah berbagi
kasih, doa, dukungan, pengetahuan, pengalaman, serta memberi motivasi.
Semoga Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ini bermanfaat dan dapat memberikan
sumbangsih bagi pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan.
Tuhan Yesus Memberkati.
Surakarta, 24 November 2015
Penulis
vi
PENGEMBANGAN APLIKASI SKRIPSI (TUGAS AKHIR)
BERBASIS WEB MENGGUNAKAN METODE SCRUM
ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA
Program Studi Informatika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam,
Universitas Sebelas Maret
ABSTRAK
Skripsi/Tugas Akhir merupakan karya ilmiah yang disusun oleh mahasiswa
berdasarkan hasil penelitian laboratorium atau penelitian lapangan. Informasi
mengenai Skripsi/Tugas Akhir di Program Studi Informatika Universitas Sebelas
Maret tidak dapat diperoleh dengan mudah. Informasi tersebut seperti ketersediaan
dosen pembimbing, judul penelitian, jadwal ujian seminar, serta data informasi
lainnya yang berkaitan dengan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir. Sumber Informasi dapat
diketahui dengan mudah melalui berbagai media, salah satunya adalah media internet
yang berbentuk sebuah situs atau website. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan sebuah
Aplikasi yang menangani permasalahan Skripsi/Tugas Akhir yang ada di Jurusan
Informatika Universitas Sebelas Maret berbasis Website. Pengembangan Aplikasi
Skripsi/Tugas Akhir dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode Agile yaitu dengan
model Scrum. Hasil yang diperoleh pada pengembangan Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas
Akhir dengan menggunakan metode Scrum terbukti dapat dengan mudah mengatasi
perubahan requirements, menghasilkan produk yang sesuai dengan keinginan
pengguna karena mendapatkan feedback secara kontinu. Kemudian dari hasil focus
factor kelima sprint didapat rata-rata focus factor nya yaitu 0.84 atau 84%, sehingga
dapat dikatakan tingkat presentase tim pengembang fokus mengerjakan pekerjaannya
dalam membangun Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir berbasis web menggunakan metode
scrum adalah 84%.
Kata kunci : Agile Methods, Scrum, Website
vii
DEVELOPING WEB BASED THESIS APPLICATION USING
SCRUM METHOD
ADI UMBAS PRIMADHARMA
Department of Informatics, Mathematics and Science Faculty, Sebelas Maret
University
ABSTRACT
Thesis is a scientific paper prepared by the college students based on the results of
laboratory or research on field. Information about the thesis in the Department of
Informatics Sebelas Maret University can not be obtained easily. The information
consists of the availability of lecturers, research title, exam schedules, and other data
information related to thesis. Information can be found easily through a variety of
media, one of which is the Internet media in the form of a websites. Therefore, it
needed a web based application that handles thesis problem in the Department of
Informatics Sebelas Maret University. Development of Application Thesis in this
study using Scrum method. Results obtained on application development thesis
project using the Scrum method is proven to easily handle requirements changing,
produce products that comply with the wishes of users because getting continuous
feedback. Then the average of factor focus from the five sprint is 0.84 or 84%, so it
can be said the percentage rate development teams focus on doing his work in
developing web based thesis application using Scrum method is 84%.
Keyword: Agile Methods, Scrum, Website
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DAFTAR ISI
HALAMAN JUDUL ………………………………………………………………… i
HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN………………………………………………………. ii
PENGESAHAN ........................................................................................................... iii
MOTTO ....................................................................................................................... iv
PERSEMBAHAN ......................................................................................................... v
KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................................. vi
ABSTRAK .................................................................................................................. vii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................... viii
DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................................ ix
DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................................... xii
DAFTAR GAMBAR .................................................................................................. xv
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN .............................................................................................. xvi
BAB I ............................................................................................................................ 1
PENDAHULUAN ........................................................................................................ 1
1.1
Latar Belakang Masalah ................................................................................. 1
1.2
Rumusan Masalah .......................................................................................... 3
1.3
Batasan Masalah ............................................................................................. 3
1.4
Tujuan Penelitian ............................................................................................ 4
1.5
Manfaat Penelitian .......................................................................................... 4
1.6
Sistematika Penulisan ..................................................................................... 4
BAB II ........................................................................................................................... 6
LANDASAN TEORI .................................................................................................... 6
2.1
Landasan Teori ............................................................................................... 6
2.1.1
Skripsi ..................................................................................................... 6
2.1.2
Rekayasa Perangkat Lunak ..................................................................... 7
2.1.3
Software Development Process ............................................................... 7
2.1.3.1 The Waterfall Model ............................................................................ 8
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2.1.3.2 Incremental Development .................................................................... 9
2.1.3.3 Reuse-oriented Software Engineering ............................................... 10
2.1.3.4 Agile Methodology ............................................................................ 11
2.1.3.5 Scrum................................................................................................. 14
2.1.4
2.2
Burndown Chart .................................................................................... 18
Penelitian Terkait ......................................................................................... 22
BAB III ....................................................................................................................... 28
METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .................................................................................. 28
3.1.
Pengumpulan Data dan Analisis Proses Bisnis ............................................ 29
3.1.1
Pengumpulan data ................................................................................. 29
3.1.2
Analisis Proses Bisnis ........................................................................... 29
3.2.
Membuat Product Backlog ........................................................................... 30
3.3.
Merancang Sprint Backlog ........................................................................... 31
3.4.
Desain Sistem ............................................................................................... 32
3.5.
Eksekusi Sprint ............................................................................................. 32
3.6.
Review dan Demo Produk ............................................................................ 34
3.7.
Analisis Scrum ............................................................................................. 35
3.8.
Delivery Produk ........................................................................................... 35
BAB IV ....................................................................................................................... 36
HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN ................................................................................... 36
4.1.
Pengumpulan Data dan Analisis Proses Bisnis ............................................ 36
4.2.
Membuat Product Backlog ........................................................................... 38
4.3.
Merancang Sprint Backlog ........................................................................... 42
4.4.
Desain Sistem ............................................................................................... 47
4.4.1
Usecase Diagram .................................................................................. 47
4.4.2
Usecase Narrative ................................................................................. 49
4.4.3
Entity Relationship Diagram................................................................. 72
4.5.
Eksekusi Sprint ............................................................................................. 73
4.6.
Review dan Demo Produk ............................................................................ 75
4.7.
Analisis Scrum ............................................................................................. 78
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4.8.
Delivery Produk ........................................................................................... 82
BAB V......................................................................................................................... 83
PENUTUP ................................................................................................................... 83
5.1.
Kesimpulan ................................................................................................... 83
5.2.
Saran ............................................................................................................. 83
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................................................. 85
LAMPIRAN 1 ............................................................................................................. 87
LAMPIRAN 2 ............................................................................................................. 92
LAMPIRAN 3 ............................................................................................................. 97
LAMPIRAN 4 ........................................................................................................... 102
LAMPIRAN 5 ........................................................................................................... 111
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DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1 Keterkaitan Penelitian Sebelumnya dengan Penelitian yang Dilakukan .... 26
Tabel 2.1 Lanjutan ...................................................................................................... 27
Tabel 3.1 Tabel setup .................................................................................................. 31
Tabel 3.2 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart ............................................................. 33
Tabel 4.1 Product backlog dari Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ................................... 40
Tabel 4.1 Lanjutan ...................................................................................................... 40
Tabel 4.2 Tabel setup untuk sprint 1 ........................................................................... 42
Tabel 4.3 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 1 ...................................................................... 44
Tabel 4.4 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 2 ...................................................................... 44
Tabel 4.5 Sprint backlog untuk Sprint 3 ..................................................................... 45
Tabel 4.6 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 4 ...................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.7 Sprint backlog untuk sprint 5 ...................................................................... 46
Tabel 4.8 Usecase Narrative Mendaftar Tugas Akhir ................................................ 49
Tabel 4.9 Usecase Narrative Melihat Prosedur .......................................................... 50
Tabel 4.10 Usecase Narrative Melihat Judul Skripsi Dosen ...................................... 51
Tabel 4.11 Usecase Narrative Melihat Jadwal Ujian ................................................. 52
Tabel 4.12 Usecase Narrative Melihat Judul Skripsi Informatika ............................. 53
Tabel 4.13 Usecase Narrative Mendaftar Ujian ......................................................... 54
Tabel 4.14 Usecase Narrative Melihat Keahlian Dosen Informatika ......................... 55
Tabel 4.15 Usecase Narrative Melihat My Profile ..................................................... 56
Tabel 4.15 Usecase Narrative Melihat Jadwal Ujian Bimbingan............................... 57
Tabel 4.16 Usecase Narrative Melihat Mahasiswa Bimbingan.................................. 58
Tabel 4.17 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Judul Dosen .............................................. 59
Tabel 4.18 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Prosedur ................................................... 60
Tabel 4.18 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Pendaftaran Tugas Akhir .................. 61
Tabel 4.19 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Pendaftaran Ujian .............................. 62
Tabel 4.20 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Jadwal Ujian Divisi TA..................... 63
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Tabel 4.21 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Ruangan ................................................... 64
Tabel 4.22 Usecase Narrative Melihat Indeks Input Nilai ......................................... 65
Tabel 4.22 Usecase Narrative Mengedit Bidang Keahlian ........................................ 66
Tabel 4.23 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Mahasiswa ................................................ 67
Tabel 4.24 Usecase Narrative Melihat Data Statistik ................................................. 68
Tabel 4.24 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Nilai .......................................................... 69
Tabel 4.25 Usecase Narrative Indeks Validasi Pendaftaran Ujian ............................. 70
Tabel 4.27 Usecase Narrative Mengelola Aktor ........................................................ 71
Tabel 4.28 Tabel status sprint 1 .................................................................................. 73
Tabel 4.29 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart sprint 1 ............................................. 74
Tabel 4.30 Tabel Pengujian......................................................................................... 75
Tabel 4.31 Tabel Review Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ............................................. 77
Tabel 5.1 Tabel setup untuk sprint 1 ........................................................................... 87
Tabel 5.2 Tabel setup untuk sprint 2 ........................................................................... 88
Tabel 5.3 Tabel setup untuk sprint 3 ........................................................................... 89
Tabel 5.4 Tabel setup untuk sprint 4 ........................................................................... 90
Tabel 5.5 Tabel setup untuk sprint 5 ........................................................................... 91
Tabel 5.6 Tabel status untuk sprint 1 .......................................................................... 92
Tabel 5.7 Tabel status untuk sprint 2 .......................................................................... 93
Tabel 5.8 Tabel status untuk sprint 3 .......................................................................... 94
Tabel 5.9 Tabel status untuk sprint 4 .......................................................................... 95
Tabel 5.10 Tabel status untuk sprint 5 ........................................................................ 96
Tabel 5.11 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 1 ................................... 97
Tabel 5.12 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 2 ................................... 98
Tabel 5.13 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 3 ................................... 99
Tabel 5.14 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 4 ................................. 100
Tabel 5.14 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart untuk sprint 5 ................................. 101
Tabel 5.15 Tabel blackbox testing Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ............................ 102
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 103
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 104
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Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 105
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 106
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 107
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 108
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 109
Tabel 5.15 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 110
Tabel 5.16 Tabel review Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ............................................ 111
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 112
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 113
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 114
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 115
Tabel 5.16 Lanjutan .................................................................................................. 116
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DAFTAR GAMBAR
Gambar 2.1 The Waterfall Model (Sommerville, 2011) ............................................... 8
Gambar 2.2 Incremental Model (Sommerville, 2011) ................................................ 10
Gambar 2.3 Reuse-oriented Model (Sommerville, 2011) ........................................... 11
Gambar 2.4. Scrum Process (Pressman, 2005) ........................................................... 15
Gambar 2.5 Contoh Burndown Chart 1 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 19
Gambar 2.6 Contoh Burndown Chart 2 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 20
Gambar 2.7 Contoh Burndown Chart 3 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 20
Gambar 2.8 Contoh Burndown Chart 4 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 21
Gambar 2.9 Contoh Burndown Chart 5 (Dinwiddie, 2009) ....................................... 21
Gambar 3.1 Alur Penelitian Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ........................................ 28
Gambar 3.2 Bagan alur pengumpulan data dan analisis proses bisnis ........................ 29
Gambar 3.3 Bagan Alur pembuatan Product Backlog ................................................ 30
Gambar 3.4 Bagan alur perancangan Sprint Backlog ................................................. 31
Gambar 3.5 Bagan alur eksekusi sprint ...................................................................... 33
Gambar 3.5 Bagan alur Review dan Demo Produk ..................................................... 35
Gambar 4.1 Alur Proses Bisnis ................................................................................... 36
Gambar 4.2 Usecase Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ................................................... 48
Gambar 4.3 ERD Aplikasi Skripsi/Tugas Akhir ......................................................... 72
Gambar 4.4 Burndown chart Sprint 1 ......................................................................... 78
Gambar 4.5 Burndown chart Sprint 2 ......................................................................... 79
Gambar 4.6 Burndown chart Sprint 3 ......................................................................... 80
Gambar 4.7 Burndown chart Sprint 4 ......................................................................... 81
Gambar 4.8 Burndown chart Sprint 5 ......................................................................... 82
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran 1 Tabel setup ............................................................................................... 87
Lampiran 2 Tabel status .............................................................................................. 92
Lampiran 3 Tabel perhitungan burndown chart ......................................................... 97
Lampiran 4 Tabel blackbox testing ........................................................................... 102
Lampiran 5 Tabel review .......................................................................................... 111
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