CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION - Using magazine articles to teach descriptive writing to the third semester English Department students of Widya Mandala Catholic University - Widya Mandala Catholic University Surabaya Repository
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1-1 Background
of
There are
English,
the
four
namely:
writing.
Study
skllls
in
every
list.eni.ng,
speaking,
As 'rne of the f r:ur skills,
in most Engllsh
Eve.
are
arguments
teaching
stnclent,s
conunand of
the
important, .
For
given
today,
lnternationaf
learn
the
lmportance
language,
to write
1n Englieh
for
Thus, in terms of
eeen
occupy an equal
(White,
skills
among
the
ek11ls,
consiclered
teaching
the
a
Ieaet
language.
language
skillE
the
of wrlting
roLe
language .
felt
may
of
be
that
more
true ,
but
as
an
need
to
people
or
academic
stucient needs, writing
role
with
the
a
is
English
occupationaf
n{lt
may be
other
langnage
li
hnt.ro*o-
1 9 8 1: 1 )
( 1991:8 )
Leki
this
ly
t-or
reaciing
more and more
purposes.
to
is
spoken langr-rage ancl of
stuclents,
traclitional
for-warci
becarrse it
rnany
anci
language syllahruses.
sornetirnee, put
to write
including
reading
writing
h a s o c c r , r p j - e c la p l a c e
so.
langnage,
agrees that
writing
has
important
It
in
r.ce
been
skill
was the most
rnany years
to
trr
tradi.tionally
be
taught
ignc,r.ed
ago. Now, att,itudes
have changed in teaching
of
rn
the
towarde
a
second
Writ ing has now become much mone i mr'or'tant
tn
',]
the
second
J.angrrage eurr l cir lum .
It
ls
essentlai.
rol.e
activitj-es.
natural
true
in
outlet
for
informatlon.
D'Angelo
Writing
alen
or
even our thoughts,
or
academlc
the
etates
to
When
the
to
the
take
wrlting
with
1s a meane of
and
gathering
of
out that
wrlting
roLee
news,
clo our
writing.
filee,
people
Bee.i.des,
t.
say.
In
be adventurous
they
themselves,
bec'me
and
in
glves
it
go beyond what has
to
in
occupatlonal
other
want to
16
thought.
lmportant
wlth
strrrlents wri.te,
language,
thelr
Eet our Jobs,
risks,
the
in
hletoriee,
ehape what they
le
experiencee
very
student,s have an oppontrrnity
language,
writing
facilitlee
communlcate
learnlng
their
points
lmportant
an
on
1deas,
has played
plays
reflectione
says that
away througb
time
that
because lt
taeks,
mil,es
tarrght.
with
teaching
(1980:b)
We can etore
students
language
exploring
1n educatlon,
mlllion
wrltlng
studente'
she aleo
of
soclety.
nowadaye
and reading
inventing,
case,
the
llstenlng
seeond ,tang'age.
valuable
the
( lggf:g)
Lekl
speaking,
that
thte
with
been
i.nvoLved
wlth
thelr
audi.eneeHavlng studled
Depar:tment
havlng
of
observed
1nforrnalJ.y,
for
eleven
Wj.dya Manclala
and
the writer
semesEer at
CathoLlc
tntervlewed
has come to
eome
the
the
Englleh
Unlversity,
of
her
conclusion
and
frlends
that
the teachers
when they
are
teach
aeked
Therefore,
no
of writing
deecrlptlve
to
the
writing
of
new
moii-vation
decided
Magazine
magazj_ne articles
learners.
By
l-earners
will
situatlon.
strrdents
teaching
to
write
them-
because there
students
them
in
Ie
need
descriptive
play
a poslt.lve
exposed to
lesson
boredom
of
the
thlng
if
students
knowledge_
in
le the
(1ggo:87)
eays that
in
students
will
can
a
be
are
wrlting
of
new
routlne
broken,
avoided,
enjoy
real_
stlnulate
lot
the
the
the
in
composlng
Moreover,
be
articles,
language
gather
will
the
Widya
rol-e in motivating
idea
magazine articres
to
of
the classroorn will
students
"using
writlng
rnagazine
ean
the
Students
to process
their
interest
entitred
magazine articles
to develop
and
AheIla]
the
writing,
thesis
Department
Unlversity".
outslde
students,
descrlptive
this
be prepared
Besldes,
more
rnaterial_e
to Teach Descrlptlve
being
wri-ting
important
in
In addltion,
information
other
English
Mandala Catholic
tasks.
that
Articres
Semester
Lesson
can lnterest
atudente
around
Aetua1ly,
i_mportant to promote the
are
writer
the
situation
materlaL.
that
Sornetlmee,
class.
textbook
Thi.rd
the
book and plcture
get bored eaeily
students
Conslderinc
and
wrltlng.
describe
development
somethlng
ueuall_y use text
and
the
ueerl
of
the
the
wrttlng
eklllfur1y
( Finnochi,aro.
19?4:7 ) .
Development
of
the
of material
language teaching
factors
learning.
who
that
This
and learning
confirmed
introducing
proeess
needed in the
since
can decrease the
idea is
says that
is
k,oredom is
students'
one of
motivation
(1g84:5)
by Cefcemurcia
a new material
in
into
learning
activities
wlll
the teacher
can develop material
that
make the class
more
enjovabl-e
and
the
students
wl]1
be
motivated
to
conclrrded
that.
motivate
the
arouse externa]
less
form of
routine,
l-earn.
From this
materiaf
studentg
is
to
l-anzuage.
Theref ore.
interested
to
tbe
introduce
statement.
reall,V
learn
of
t.he etudents
writ,er
of
any other
types
1-2 Statement
of
Based
on
above the
"How
writing
the
this
be
to
target
studv
as
i6
teachine
Magazine articles
interest
deecriptive
If
and motivation
writ.lng
as we]l
as
of wrlting.
the
Problem
the baekground
statement
of
of
the
the problem of
can magazine artlcles
class?"
the
can
factor
and practlce
magazine articles
to raise
t.o write
1t
important
mat.erial-s to teach clescripti ve wniting.
are hoped to be able
motivation.
6tudy
this
be presented
described
thesis
i-n
is:
descriptive
1-3 Ob.jecti,ve
In
of
line
t.he
objective
way
to
the
Strrdy
with
of
present
the statement
this
strrdy is
of
the problem
intended
magazine articles
given,
to describe
in descriptive
the
writing
cla6s.
1-4 Sierrificance
students
to
w1l1lnely
writinF
t.o help
Hopefully,
c 1aag.
of
Study
Realizing
that
it
choos j,ng
magazines
the
that
teachi.ng
is
one,
chosen
there
1earning
neceeeary
only
Furthermore,
to
that.
more
atmosphere
of
this
i.s
study
well-informed
more
students
are many kinds
knowledge
the
i6
wil-1
of
scope of
magazi ne
are Freeeray. Horizon,
this
materials
thinks
study
a r ^ ti c 1 e s .
Life,
be
their
in
j.es, the wri.ter
activit
IlmLt
mot ivate
magazine art,i.cles
for
writing
1-5 Limitat,ion
in
clasa.
to
articles
and interesting
beneficial
descriptive
magazine
magazi"ne art j-cles contain
since
exceptlonally
meant
forming hroad-mi,nded and
in
information.
rrsed
read
or
in a new, fresh,
students
and
Strrdy
of t.his strrdv is
learn
descriptive
also
the
resrrl t.
The
a
of
by
The
National
6
Geographlc
and
Neweweek.
magazinee are eultabre
Engliab
in
departnent
their
le also
place
object,
to
find
This
of
the
etudiee
and
magazlne
all
arti.oles
l-iterature,
she trie6
ideas
to
a
different
wrltlng
and
more
the
1 e meant to
eaae
and to
facilltate
the
to
research.
c1aee.
can
be
Based
t,o develop
At
frorn the
vj.ews and aepecte
of
applied
on
the
magazlne
the
library.
wrltlng
1n
the
available
her crwn poi.nt
of
vier.,
articles
in
wri.tlng.
Key Terme
avoidmleunderstanding
terne
taeke.
the data
which
deecr iptive
of
about
topics
Thls
library
show the ueage of
1.7 D,efinltion
necessary
contaln
Study
coLlects
descriptlve
aborrt the
etuclents
to
articlee
ie
the writer
She
To
limited
and people.
the
thesie
beginning,
teaching
the
of
univereity
because they
to do the deecri_pt1ve wrlttng
1-6 Hetbodology
and
for
thoee
eemester etudente
clase
language
etudy
teacher
etudents
eonelder
and utr to date arttcles.
Thie
animal-,
the thlrd
wrlting
comprehend
interesting
wrlter
of widya Mandara cathoric
descriptlve
eaey-to
the
for
The
used in this
define
the
theeis,
following
and
mlelnterpretatlon
the wrlter
key terms
finds
eo that
it
the
discussion
the
about this
thesis
will
be easily
understood
by
readers
l-7 -L Writing
Writing
work-finding
truth
them.
on paper.
thinking
facts,
of
Thinking
reaching
fact.s (Dagher.
ls
relation-shi p,
seeing
mind
testing
eonclusion
and
The mind prodr.rce a huge vari ety
opini.ons.
the
is
of
at
the
forming
lrleas,
and
1976:3).
7 -7 .2 f)escri.pt,ive Writine
writine
Descriptive
that
presents
looks.
feeIs.
( Martin
a pict.ure.
one kind
of writj-ng
shows the reader
or what it
tastes,
and Kroi tor.
is
how
sciunds like
types
something
to
describe
. l. 9 7 9 : 9) -
1-7-3 Hagazine
Masazine
is
at a grorrp having
material
ciireeted
interest,
or profession
Tnternati.onal
periodical
a
as education
Di ctionanv,
containing
special
a particular
(Web6ter-s
hobby,
Third
1 . 9 8 6 :1 3 5 7 ) .
l-7 -4 Article
An
6pecific
arti-cle
topic
is
a factual
pi-ece of
( r . a n d o mH o r r s e D i c t i o n a r y .
writlng
1981:21)-
on
New
I.8
Organizatlon
Thie
ehapter
study,
theele
statement
deale
of
uelng
wlth
of
it
flve
containe
the problem,
will
of
of
the
dieeuaeed
Iiterature,
that
1n
i-n
of
etudy.
of
definition
uelng
II
chapter
magazlne
The applleation
teachlng
V.
the
Chapter
IV.
the whole thesis
ie chapter
of
while
wrltlng.
chapter
flrgt
elgntflcance,
the strrdy, the
descripti_ve
artlcles
The
background
objective,
related
and euggestione
chapter,
ehapter.
eome conslderatlone
magazlne
concLuslon
laet
review
in teaching
writing
the
coneist
key terme and organlzatlon
anticles
of
Study
and methodology of
cl:-seuesee the
III
the
1s lntroductlon;
Iimitation
of
of
deecrlptlve
WhiIe
will
the
be ln
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1-1 Background
of
There are
English,
the
four
namely:
writing.
Study
skllls
in
every
list.eni.ng,
speaking,
As 'rne of the f r:ur skills,
in most Engllsh
Eve.
are
arguments
teaching
stnclent,s
conunand of
the
important, .
For
given
today,
lnternationaf
learn
the
lmportance
language,
to write
1n Englieh
for
Thus, in terms of
eeen
occupy an equal
(White,
skills
among
the
ek11ls,
consiclered
teaching
the
a
Ieaet
language.
language
skillE
the
of wrlting
roLe
language .
felt
may
of
be
that
more
true ,
but
as
an
need
to
people
or
academic
stucient needs, writing
role
with
the
a
is
English
occupationaf
n{lt
may be
other
langnage
li
hnt.ro*o-
1 9 8 1: 1 )
( 1991:8 )
Leki
this
ly
t-or
reaciing
more and more
purposes.
to
is
spoken langr-rage ancl of
stuclents,
traclitional
for-warci
becarrse it
rnany
anci
language syllahruses.
sornetirnee, put
to write
including
reading
writing
h a s o c c r , r p j - e c la p l a c e
so.
langnage,
agrees that
writing
has
important
It
in
r.ce
been
skill
was the most
rnany years
to
trr
tradi.tionally
be
taught
ignc,r.ed
ago. Now, att,itudes
have changed in teaching
of
rn
the
towarde
a
second
Writ ing has now become much mone i mr'or'tant
tn
',]
the
second
J.angrrage eurr l cir lum .
It
ls
essentlai.
rol.e
activitj-es.
natural
true
in
outlet
for
informatlon.
D'Angelo
Writing
alen
or
even our thoughts,
or
academlc
the
etates
to
When
the
to
the
take
wrlting
with
1s a meane of
and
gathering
of
out that
wrlting
roLee
news,
clo our
writing.
filee,
people
Bee.i.des,
t.
say.
In
be adventurous
they
themselves,
bec'me
and
in
glves
it
go beyond what has
to
in
occupatlonal
other
want to
16
thought.
lmportant
wlth
strrrlents wri.te,
language,
thelr
Eet our Jobs,
risks,
the
in
hletoriee,
ehape what they
le
experiencee
very
student,s have an oppontrrnity
language,
writing
facilitlee
communlcate
learnlng
their
points
lmportant
an
on
1deas,
has played
plays
reflectione
says that
away througb
time
that
because lt
taeks,
mil,es
tarrght.
with
teaching
(1980:b)
We can etore
students
language
exploring
1n educatlon,
mlllion
wrltlng
studente'
she aleo
of
soclety.
nowadaye
and reading
inventing,
case,
the
llstenlng
seeond ,tang'age.
valuable
the
( lggf:g)
Lekl
speaking,
that
thte
with
been
i.nvoLved
wlth
thelr
audi.eneeHavlng studled
Depar:tment
havlng
of
observed
1nforrnalJ.y,
for
eleven
Wj.dya Manclala
and
the writer
semesEer at
CathoLlc
tntervlewed
has come to
eome
the
the
Englleh
Unlversity,
of
her
conclusion
and
frlends
that
the teachers
when they
are
teach
aeked
Therefore,
no
of writing
deecrlptlve
to
the
writing
of
new
moii-vation
decided
Magazine
magazj_ne articles
learners.
By
l-earners
will
situatlon.
strrdents
teaching
to
write
them-
because there
students
them
in
Ie
need
descriptive
play
a poslt.lve
exposed to
lesson
boredom
of
the
thlng
if
students
knowledge_
in
le the
(1ggo:87)
eays that
in
students
will
can
a
be
are
wrlting
of
new
routlne
broken,
avoided,
enjoy
real_
stlnulate
lot
the
the
the
in
composlng
Moreover,
be
articles,
language
gather
will
the
Widya
rol-e in motivating
idea
magazine articres
to
of
the classroorn will
students
"using
writlng
rnagazine
ean
the
Students
to process
their
interest
entitred
magazine articles
to develop
and
AheIla]
the
writing,
thesis
Department
Unlversity".
outslde
students,
descrlptive
this
be prepared
Besldes,
more
rnaterial_e
to Teach Descrlptlve
being
wri-ting
important
in
In addltion,
information
other
English
Mandala Catholic
tasks.
that
Articres
Semester
Lesson
can lnterest
atudente
around
Aetua1ly,
i_mportant to promote the
are
writer
the
situation
materlaL.
that
Sornetlmee,
class.
textbook
Thi.rd
the
book and plcture
get bored eaeily
students
Conslderinc
and
wrltlng.
describe
development
somethlng
ueuall_y use text
and
the
ueerl
of
the
the
wrttlng
eklllfur1y
( Finnochi,aro.
19?4:7 ) .
Development
of
the
of material
language teaching
factors
learning.
who
that
This
and learning
confirmed
introducing
proeess
needed in the
since
can decrease the
idea is
says that
is
k,oredom is
students'
one of
motivation
(1g84:5)
by Cefcemurcia
a new material
in
into
learning
activities
wlll
the teacher
can develop material
that
make the class
more
enjovabl-e
and
the
students
wl]1
be
motivated
to
conclrrded
that.
motivate
the
arouse externa]
less
form of
routine,
l-earn.
From this
materiaf
studentg
is
to
l-anzuage.
Theref ore.
interested
to
tbe
introduce
statement.
reall,V
learn
of
t.he etudents
writ,er
of
any other
types
1-2 Statement
of
Based
on
above the
"How
writing
the
this
be
to
target
studv
as
i6
teachine
Magazine articles
interest
deecriptive
If
and motivation
writ.lng
as we]l
as
of wrlting.
the
Problem
the baekground
statement
of
of
the
the problem of
can magazine artlcles
class?"
the
can
factor
and practlce
magazine articles
to raise
t.o write
1t
important
mat.erial-s to teach clescripti ve wniting.
are hoped to be able
motivation.
6tudy
this
be presented
described
thesis
i-n
is:
descriptive
1-3 Ob.jecti,ve
In
of
line
t.he
objective
way
to
the
Strrdy
with
of
present
the statement
this
strrdy is
of
the problem
intended
magazine articles
given,
to describe
in descriptive
the
writing
cla6s.
1-4 Sierrificance
students
to
w1l1lnely
writinF
t.o help
Hopefully,
c 1aag.
of
Study
Realizing
that
it
choos j,ng
magazines
the
that
teachi.ng
is
one,
chosen
there
1earning
neceeeary
only
Furthermore,
to
that.
more
atmosphere
of
this
i.s
study
well-informed
more
students
are many kinds
knowledge
the
i6
wil-1
of
scope of
magazi ne
are Freeeray. Horizon,
this
materials
thinks
study
a r ^ ti c 1 e s .
Life,
be
their
in
j.es, the wri.ter
activit
IlmLt
mot ivate
magazine art,i.cles
for
writing
1-5 Limitat,ion
in
clasa.
to
articles
and interesting
beneficial
descriptive
magazine
magazi"ne art j-cles contain
since
exceptlonally
meant
forming hroad-mi,nded and
in
information.
rrsed
read
or
in a new, fresh,
students
and
Strrdy
of t.his strrdv is
learn
descriptive
also
the
resrrl t.
The
a
of
by
The
National
6
Geographlc
and
Neweweek.
magazinee are eultabre
Engliab
in
departnent
their
le also
place
object,
to
find
This
of
the
etudiee
and
magazlne
all
arti.oles
l-iterature,
she trie6
ideas
to
a
different
wrltlng
and
more
the
1 e meant to
eaae
and to
facilltate
the
to
research.
c1aee.
can
be
Based
t,o develop
At
frorn the
vj.ews and aepecte
of
applied
on
the
magazlne
the
library.
wrltlng
1n
the
available
her crwn poi.nt
of
vier.,
articles
in
wri.tlng.
Key Terme
avoidmleunderstanding
terne
taeke.
the data
which
deecr iptive
of
about
topics
Thls
library
show the ueage of
1.7 D,efinltion
necessary
contaln
Study
coLlects
descriptlve
aborrt the
etuclents
to
articlee
ie
the writer
She
To
limited
and people.
the
thesie
beginning,
teaching
the
of
univereity
because they
to do the deecri_pt1ve wrlttng
1-6 Hetbodology
and
for
thoee
eemester etudente
clase
language
etudy
teacher
etudents
eonelder
and utr to date arttcles.
Thie
animal-,
the thlrd
wrlting
comprehend
interesting
wrlter
of widya Mandara cathoric
descriptlve
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for
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used in this
define
the
theeis,
following
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mlelnterpretatlon
the wrlter
key terms
finds
eo that
it
the
discussion
the
about this
thesis
will
be easily
understood
by
readers
l-7 -L Writing
Writing
work-finding
truth
them.
on paper.
thinking
facts,
of
Thinking
reaching
fact.s (Dagher.
ls
relation-shi p,
seeing
mind
testing
eonclusion
and
The mind prodr.rce a huge vari ety
opini.ons.
the
is
of
at
the
forming
lrleas,
and
1976:3).
7 -7 .2 f)escri.pt,ive Writine
writine
Descriptive
that
presents
looks.
feeIs.
( Martin
a pict.ure.
one kind
of writj-ng
shows the reader
or what it
tastes,
and Kroi tor.
is
how
sciunds like
types
something
to
describe
. l. 9 7 9 : 9) -
1-7-3 Hagazine
Masazine
is
at a grorrp having
material
ciireeted
interest,
or profession
Tnternati.onal
periodical
a
as education
Di ctionanv,
containing
special
a particular
(Web6ter-s
hobby,
Third
1 . 9 8 6 :1 3 5 7 ) .
l-7 -4 Article
An
6pecific
arti-cle
topic
is
a factual
pi-ece of
( r . a n d o mH o r r s e D i c t i o n a r y .
writlng
1981:21)-
on
New
I.8
Organizatlon
Thie
ehapter
study,
theele
statement
deale
of
uelng
wlth
of
it
flve
containe
the problem,
will
of
of
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1n
i-n
of
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of
definition
uelng
II
chapter
magazlne
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V.
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the whole thesis
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of
while
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chapter
flrgt
elgntflcance,
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descripti_ve
artlcles
The
background
objective,
related
and euggestione
chapter,
ehapter.
eome conslderatlone
magazlne
concLuslon
laet
review
in teaching
writing
the
coneist
key terme and organlzatlon
anticles
of
Study
and methodology of
cl:-seuesee the
III
the
1s lntroductlon;
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of
of
deecrlptlve
WhiIe
will
the
be ln