IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA IN 2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEAR.
IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES
AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA
IN 2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEAR
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
WAHYU SUSWATI
A 320 030 047
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2007
i
APPROVAL
IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES
AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA
IN 2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEAR
by
WAHYU SUSWATI
A 320 030 047
Approved by Consultant
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Drs. Djoko Srijono, M.Hum.)
(Aryati Prasetyarini, M.Pd.)
NIP. 131474078
NIK. 725
ii
ACCEPTANCE
IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES
AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA
IN 2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEAR
by
WAHYU SUSWATI
A 320 030 047
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On October ......, 2007
Team of Examiners:
1. Drs. Djoko Srijono, M.Hum.
(Chair Person)
(
)
2. Aryati Prasetyarini, M.Pd.
(Member I)
(
)
3. Drs. H. Maryadi, M.A.
(Member II)
(
)
Dean,
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M Si.
NIK. 547
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify that there is no plagiarism of the previous researches
which have been made to get bachelor degree of a university and as long as the
writer knows that there is also no work or opinion that has ever been composed or
published by others, except those which the writing are referred in this research
paper and mentioned in literary review and bibliography.
Therefore, if it is proved that there are some untrue statements in this
testimony, she will hold fully responsible.
Surakarta, October 22, 2007
The writer
Wahyu Suswati
iv
MOTTO
Having many mist akes but no having ef f ort s t o recover
it means t he real mist ake
(K hong Hu Tsu)
L ife truly is Boomerang
What you give, you will get
(Dale Garnegia)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is proudly and wholeheartedly
dedicated to:
Allah SWT,
My greatest parents, and
My sisters.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
First of all, the writer would like to say Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin. Her
grateful thanks to Allah SWT who has blessed given wonderful love, strength and
guidance, and shown the truth in the path of life to the writer. Nothing is possible
without permission of Allah, so the writer can finish her research paper entitled,
“IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES AT THE
FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA IN 2007/2008
ACADEMIC YEAR”
Secondly, the writer is impossible to finish the research paper without other
help and advices. On this opportunity, therefore, appreciations to the following
persons who have already helped her in the process of writing this research paper:
1. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si., the Dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Koesoemo Ratih S.Pd M.Hum., the Head of English Department who has
given the writer permission to write this research paper,
3. Drs. Djoko Srijono, M.Hum., as the first consultant who has patiently
helped the writer in completing the research paper with contentment,
4. Aryati Prasetyarini, M.Pd., as her second consultant who has patiently and
sincerely given her guidance, support, advice, suggestion, information,
correction and motivation for the sake of finishing the research paper,
5. Hj. Murniyati BA, as the Head Master of SDN 3 NGABEYAN
KARTASURA who has given the writer permission to do the research
paper in her school,
6. Rohmah Adi Wulan, S.Pd., as the English teacher in SDN 3 NGABEYAN
KARTASURA for helping the writer in conducting the research,
vii
7. Her dearest and wonderful Mom and Dad, for their love, endless prayer,
best wishes, and everything during her life. The writer would like to thank
to God for giving them as the lovely parents,
8. Her lovely sisters (Ita and Octa), for the cheerful day. Thanks for your love,
support, pray and everything,
9. Her grandpa, grandma, uncle, aunt, cousin, nephew, niece, for their advices
which make her as a better person,
10. Her close and dearest friends, Ar in Arianti, Mini, Nova, Ika, Mel, Daryati,
for be ing her friends. They make colorful days with their love, joke and
support in the writer life,
11. Her another best friend from Literature class and also her research paper
typist, Arin_chan. The writer would like to give million thanks for her
because without her, she cannot type, print, edit and also finish the research
paper as soon as possible,
12. Her best friends at English Department, especially in Class A (Ery, Dewi
Nur, Dewi April, etc),
13. My lovely……”Mas”. Never find somebody like you, thanks for your
hidden care and revering me in deep. Let the time gives the answer, and
14. All of them who have helped in finishing this research paper and who
cannot be mentioned one by one.
Last but not least, the writer is fully aware that this research paper is
incomplete yet and still far from being perfect. Therefore, the writer would be
grateful for any correction and comments from the reader to make it better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Surakarta, October 22, 2007
WAHYU SUSWATI
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
page
TITLE ..................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL.........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ...................................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY......................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION .....................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT..................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT......................................................................................
ix
LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................... xii
SUMMARY.......................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER
I : INTRODUCTION ................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study...................................................
1
B. Research Problems ............................................................
3
C. Limitations of the Study....................................................
4
D. Objectives of the Study .....................................................
4
E. Benefits of the Study.........................................................
4
F. Research Paper Organization............................................
5
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE..........................
6
A. Previous Study...................................................................
6
B. Vocabulary........................................................................
7
ix
1. Notion of Vocabulary ..................................................
7
2. Kinds of Vocabulary....................................................
7
3. The Strategy of Learning Instruction ..........................
8
4. Teaching Vocabulary...................................................
9
5. Technique Teaching Vocabulary................................. 10
C. Young Learners................................................................. 12
1. Characteristics of Young Learners .............................. 12
2. Assumptions about Age and Language Learning........ 13
D. Picture as a Media of Teaching Vocabulary at
Elementary Level .............................................................. 13
1. Notion of Picture ......................................................... 13
2. Criteria for Selecting Picture s.................................... 14
E. Summary........................................................................... 15
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD ........................................................ 17
A. Type of Research............................................................... 17
B. Subject of the Study .......................................................... 18
C. Object of the Study............................................................ 19
D. Data and Data Sources ...................................................... 19
1. Event .............................................................................. 19
2. Informant ....................................................................... 19
3. Document ...................................................................... 20
E. Method of Collecting Data ................................................ 20
1. Test .............................................................................. 20
x
2. Observation ................................................................. 20
3. Interview...................................................................... 21
F. Technique for Analyzing Data .......................................... 21
1. Reducing the Data ....................................................... 21
2. Displaying the Data ..................................................... 22
3. Drawing Conclusion and Proposing Suggestion......... 22
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION...................... 24
A. Research Finding............................................................... 24
1. The Implementation of Teaching Vocabulary Using
Pictures........................................................................ 24
a. Cycle I...................................................................... 24
b. Cycle II .................................................................... 27
c. Cycle III ................................................................... 29
2. The Result of Teaching English Using Pictures .......... 31
a. The Individual Result of Teaching Vocabulary
Using Pictures ....................................................... 31
b. The Result of Teaching Vocabulary Using Pictures 37
3. The Students’ Comments to the Implementation
of Teaching Vocabulary Using Pictures ...................... 39
B. Discussion ......................................................................... 43
CHAPTER V :
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................. 45
A. Conclusion......................................................................... 45
B. Suggestion ......................................................................... 46
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 47
APPENDICES ..................................................................................................... 49
xi
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendixes 1. The Students List.....................................................................
50
Appendixes 2. Lesson Plan..............................................................................
51
Appendixes 3. Interview Report.......................................................................
53
Appendixes 4. The Material.............................................................................
55
xii
SUMMARY
WAHYU SUSWATI. A 320 030 047. IMPROVING STUDENT’S
VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN
3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA IN 2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEAR.
Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2007.
The objectives of this research are to describe the implementation of
teaching vocabulary using pictures, the improving vocabulary and the comment of
the fourth year students of SDN 3 Ngabeyan Kartasura in 2007/2008 Academic
Year. The object of this study is teaching vocabulary using pictures to elementary
students at the fourth year of SDN 3 Ngabeyan Kartasura in 2007/2008 academic
year.
The writer employs Classroom Action Research and the subject is the
students of the elementary school. The first step of action research is planning. The
second step is action. The third step is observing, and the last step is the writer tries
to reflect the result of the previous step. The method of collecting data is in the
form of test, observation, and interview. The technique for analyzing data involves
reducing the data, displaying the data, drawing conclusion and proposing
suggestion.
Based on the analysis, the result of the evaluation shows that in the pre-test
the highest score is 70 and lowest score is 40, and the mean score is 57.27. In the
post-test, the highest score is 90 and the lowest score is 40, the mean score is 70.90.
The increasing score from pre-test to post-test is about 13.63. From the observation,
it indicates that students’ response with the technique is good. They became active
in teaching learning process, and it can be increased their vocabulary achievement.
Keywords : Improving vocabulary using pictures
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Drs. Djoko Srijono, M.Hum.)
NIP. 131474078
(Aryati Prasetyarini, M.Pd.)
NIK. 725
Dean,
(Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M Si.)
NIK. 547
xiii
xiv
AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA
IN 2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEAR
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by
WAHYU SUSWATI
A 320 030 047
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2007
i
APPROVAL
IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES
AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA
IN 2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEAR
by
WAHYU SUSWATI
A 320 030 047
Approved by Consultant
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Drs. Djoko Srijono, M.Hum.)
(Aryati Prasetyarini, M.Pd.)
NIP. 131474078
NIK. 725
ii
ACCEPTANCE
IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES
AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA
IN 2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEAR
by
WAHYU SUSWATI
A 320 030 047
Accepted and Approved by the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
On October ......, 2007
Team of Examiners:
1. Drs. Djoko Srijono, M.Hum.
(Chair Person)
(
)
2. Aryati Prasetyarini, M.Pd.
(Member I)
(
)
3. Drs. H. Maryadi, M.A.
(Member II)
(
)
Dean,
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M Si.
NIK. 547
iii
TESTIMONY
Herewith, I testify that there is no plagiarism of the previous researches
which have been made to get bachelor degree of a university and as long as the
writer knows that there is also no work or opinion that has ever been composed or
published by others, except those which the writing are referred in this research
paper and mentioned in literary review and bibliography.
Therefore, if it is proved that there are some untrue statements in this
testimony, she will hold fully responsible.
Surakarta, October 22, 2007
The writer
Wahyu Suswati
iv
MOTTO
Having many mist akes but no having ef f ort s t o recover
it means t he real mist ake
(K hong Hu Tsu)
L ife truly is Boomerang
What you give, you will get
(Dale Garnegia)
v
DEDICATION
This research paper is proudly and wholeheartedly
dedicated to:
Allah SWT,
My greatest parents, and
My sisters.
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
First of all, the writer would like to say Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin. Her
grateful thanks to Allah SWT who has blessed given wonderful love, strength and
guidance, and shown the truth in the path of life to the writer. Nothing is possible
without permission of Allah, so the writer can finish her research paper entitled,
“IMPROVING STUDENT’S VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES AT THE
FOURTH YEAR OF SDN 3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA IN 2007/2008
ACADEMIC YEAR”
Secondly, the writer is impossible to finish the research paper without other
help and advices. On this opportunity, therefore, appreciations to the following
persons who have already helped her in the process of writing this research paper:
1. Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M.Si., the Dean of School of Teacher Training and
Education of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Koesoemo Ratih S.Pd M.Hum., the Head of English Department who has
given the writer permission to write this research paper,
3. Drs. Djoko Srijono, M.Hum., as the first consultant who has patiently
helped the writer in completing the research paper with contentment,
4. Aryati Prasetyarini, M.Pd., as her second consultant who has patiently and
sincerely given her guidance, support, advice, suggestion, information,
correction and motivation for the sake of finishing the research paper,
5. Hj. Murniyati BA, as the Head Master of SDN 3 NGABEYAN
KARTASURA who has given the writer permission to do the research
paper in her school,
6. Rohmah Adi Wulan, S.Pd., as the English teacher in SDN 3 NGABEYAN
KARTASURA for helping the writer in conducting the research,
vii
7. Her dearest and wonderful Mom and Dad, for their love, endless prayer,
best wishes, and everything during her life. The writer would like to thank
to God for giving them as the lovely parents,
8. Her lovely sisters (Ita and Octa), for the cheerful day. Thanks for your love,
support, pray and everything,
9. Her grandpa, grandma, uncle, aunt, cousin, nephew, niece, for their advices
which make her as a better person,
10. Her close and dearest friends, Ar in Arianti, Mini, Nova, Ika, Mel, Daryati,
for be ing her friends. They make colorful days with their love, joke and
support in the writer life,
11. Her another best friend from Literature class and also her research paper
typist, Arin_chan. The writer would like to give million thanks for her
because without her, she cannot type, print, edit and also finish the research
paper as soon as possible,
12. Her best friends at English Department, especially in Class A (Ery, Dewi
Nur, Dewi April, etc),
13. My lovely……”Mas”. Never find somebody like you, thanks for your
hidden care and revering me in deep. Let the time gives the answer, and
14. All of them who have helped in finishing this research paper and who
cannot be mentioned one by one.
Last but not least, the writer is fully aware that this research paper is
incomplete yet and still far from being perfect. Therefore, the writer would be
grateful for any correction and comments from the reader to make it better.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Surakarta, October 22, 2007
WAHYU SUSWATI
viii
TABLE OF CONTENT
page
TITLE ..................................................................................................................
i
APPROVAL.........................................................................................................
ii
ACCEPTANCE ...................................................................................................
iii
TESTIMONY......................................................................................................
iv
MOTTO................................................................................................................
v
DEDICATION .....................................................................................................
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT..................................................................................... vii
TABLE OF CONTENT......................................................................................
ix
LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................... xii
SUMMARY.......................................................................................................... xiii
CHAPTER
I : INTRODUCTION ................................................................
1
A. Background of the Study...................................................
1
B. Research Problems ............................................................
3
C. Limitations of the Study....................................................
4
D. Objectives of the Study .....................................................
4
E. Benefits of the Study.........................................................
4
F. Research Paper Organization............................................
5
CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE..........................
6
A. Previous Study...................................................................
6
B. Vocabulary........................................................................
7
ix
1. Notion of Vocabulary ..................................................
7
2. Kinds of Vocabulary....................................................
7
3. The Strategy of Learning Instruction ..........................
8
4. Teaching Vocabulary...................................................
9
5. Technique Teaching Vocabulary................................. 10
C. Young Learners................................................................. 12
1. Characteristics of Young Learners .............................. 12
2. Assumptions about Age and Language Learning........ 13
D. Picture as a Media of Teaching Vocabulary at
Elementary Level .............................................................. 13
1. Notion of Picture ......................................................... 13
2. Criteria for Selecting Picture s.................................... 14
E. Summary........................................................................... 15
CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD ........................................................ 17
A. Type of Research............................................................... 17
B. Subject of the Study .......................................................... 18
C. Object of the Study............................................................ 19
D. Data and Data Sources ...................................................... 19
1. Event .............................................................................. 19
2. Informant ....................................................................... 19
3. Document ...................................................................... 20
E. Method of Collecting Data ................................................ 20
1. Test .............................................................................. 20
x
2. Observation ................................................................. 20
3. Interview...................................................................... 21
F. Technique for Analyzing Data .......................................... 21
1. Reducing the Data ....................................................... 21
2. Displaying the Data ..................................................... 22
3. Drawing Conclusion and Proposing Suggestion......... 22
CHAPTER IV : RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION...................... 24
A. Research Finding............................................................... 24
1. The Implementation of Teaching Vocabulary Using
Pictures........................................................................ 24
a. Cycle I...................................................................... 24
b. Cycle II .................................................................... 27
c. Cycle III ................................................................... 29
2. The Result of Teaching English Using Pictures .......... 31
a. The Individual Result of Teaching Vocabulary
Using Pictures ....................................................... 31
b. The Result of Teaching Vocabulary Using Pictures 37
3. The Students’ Comments to the Implementation
of Teaching Vocabulary Using Pictures ...................... 39
B. Discussion ......................................................................... 43
CHAPTER V :
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION ................................. 45
A. Conclusion......................................................................... 45
B. Suggestion ......................................................................... 46
BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................... 47
APPENDICES ..................................................................................................... 49
xi
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendixes 1. The Students List.....................................................................
50
Appendixes 2. Lesson Plan..............................................................................
51
Appendixes 3. Interview Report.......................................................................
53
Appendixes 4. The Material.............................................................................
55
xii
SUMMARY
WAHYU SUSWATI. A 320 030 047. IMPROVING STUDENT’S
VOCABULARY BY USING PICTURES AT THE FOURTH YEAR OF SDN
3 NGABEYAN KARTASURA IN 2007/2008 ACADEMIC YEAR.
Research Paper. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2007.
The objectives of this research are to describe the implementation of
teaching vocabulary using pictures, the improving vocabulary and the comment of
the fourth year students of SDN 3 Ngabeyan Kartasura in 2007/2008 Academic
Year. The object of this study is teaching vocabulary using pictures to elementary
students at the fourth year of SDN 3 Ngabeyan Kartasura in 2007/2008 academic
year.
The writer employs Classroom Action Research and the subject is the
students of the elementary school. The first step of action research is planning. The
second step is action. The third step is observing, and the last step is the writer tries
to reflect the result of the previous step. The method of collecting data is in the
form of test, observation, and interview. The technique for analyzing data involves
reducing the data, displaying the data, drawing conclusion and proposing
suggestion.
Based on the analysis, the result of the evaluation shows that in the pre-test
the highest score is 70 and lowest score is 40, and the mean score is 57.27. In the
post-test, the highest score is 90 and the lowest score is 40, the mean score is 70.90.
The increasing score from pre-test to post-test is about 13.63. From the observation,
it indicates that students’ response with the technique is good. They became active
in teaching learning process, and it can be increased their vocabulary achievement.
Keywords : Improving vocabulary using pictures
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Drs. Djoko Srijono, M.Hum.)
NIP. 131474078
(Aryati Prasetyarini, M.Pd.)
NIK. 725
Dean,
(Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M Si.)
NIK. 547
xiii
xiv