TRANSLATION TECHNIQUE OF ENGLISH TOINDONESIAN SUBTITLE IN DORAEMON Translation Technique Of English To Indonesian Subtitle In Doraemon Stand By Me Movie.

TRANSLATION TECHNIQUE OF ENGLISH TO
INDONESIAN SUBTITLE IN DORAEMON
“STAND BY ME” MOVIE

THESIS

Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
for the Degree of Master of Education
in English Education Program

By:
TIRA NUR FITRIA
S200140027

MAGISTER OF ENGLISH STUDY
POST GRADUATE PROGRAM
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
2015

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Surakarta, Desember 02, 2015

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MOTTO

Be thankful for the difficult times. They have showed you how
strong you are (Kahlil Gibran)

Be thankful for both the good and the bad in your life. It’s all
meant to teach you something (Kahlil Gibran)

Life is darkness in the absence of passion and desire. And all
desires, desire is blind, if not accompanied by knowledge. And

knowledge is follow if it does not follow the lesson
(Kahlil Gibran)

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DEDICATION

This research is dedicated to:

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1.

My beloved parent

2.

My beloved brother

3.

My big family

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ABSTRACT
Tira Nur Fitria. S 200 140 027. TRANSLATION TECHNIQUE OF
ENGLISH TO INDONESIAN SUBTITLE IN DORAEMON “STAND BY
ME” MOVIE. Thesis. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2015
This objectives of the research are to classify the types of translation
technique from English to Indonesian subtitle, to determine the most dominant
type of translation technique and to describe the translation quality of English
to Indonesian subtitle of Doraemon “Stand By Me” movie in the term of
accuracy, acceptability and readability. This research is descriptive qualitative
method. Data of this research are utterances or sentences in subtitle movie of
bilingual edition, both English and Indonesian. While, the source data of this
research is “Stand By Me” Doraemon movie. The writer used two kinds of
data source, they were document and informant. In analyzing the data, the
writer used comparison method to compare between the SL and TL that were
analyzed. The result of this research shows that 1) there are eleven type of

translation techniques, they are: First, 1) Adaptation (112 data or 10,28 %),
2) Amplification (80 data or 7,35 %), 3) Borrowing, (93 data or 8,54%), 4)
Calque (30 data or 2,75 %), 5) Compensation (4 data or 0,37 %), 6)
Discursive Creation ( 2 data or 0,18 %), 7) Established Equivalence (296 data
or 27,18 %), 8) Literal Translation (276 data or 25,34 %), 9) Modulation (48
data or 4,41%), 10) Reduction (235 data or 21,58 %), and 11) Transposition
(199 data or 18,27 %). Second, the most dominant type of translation
technique is Established Equivalence. It has higher frequency data (297 data
or 27,27 %). Third, the result shows that translation quality assessment, in
translation accuracy, the higher percentage is accurate. There are 239 data or
66,38 %. In translation acceptability, the higher percentage is acceptable.
There are 233 data or 64,72 %. In translation readability, the higher
percentage is readable. There are 260 data or 72,22 %. Therefore, it can be
concluded that the translation quality of “Stand By Me” Doraemon movie is
accurate, acceptable and readable.
Key Words: Translation, Translation Technique, Accuracy, Acceptability,
Readability.
.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin, all praises be to God, Allah SWT, as the
Lord of the Universe, and the foremost grateful who has given the writer mercy,
blessing, opportunity to accomplish this research entitled TRANSLATION
TECHNIQUE

OF

ENGLISH

TO

INDONESIAN

SUBTITLE

IN

DORAEMON “STAND BY ME” MOVIE. Peace be upon Prophet Muhammad
SAW, the great leader and good figure of world revolution.
The writer believes that this thesis would not be completed without the
helps, supports, and suggestions from several sides. Thus, the researcher would
like to express her deepest thanks to all of those who had helped, supported, and
suggested her during the process of writing this thesis, they are as follow:
1. Prof. Dr. H. Khuzaifah Dimyati, S.H, M.Hum, as the Director of Post
Graduate Program of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
2. Prof. Dr. Markhamah, M.Hum, as the head of English Department of Post
Graduate Program of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
3. Dr. Anam Sutopo, M.Hum, as the first consultant who has given her guidance,
advice, help, correction and support during the research,
4. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M.Hum, as the second consultant and examiner who has
given correction, help and advice during the research,
5. All lecturers of English Department for their teaching during her studying in
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta,
6. Librarians in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for help during the
writing this research,
7. Her beloved family, father and mother (Mr. Hadi Sutarman and Mrs.

Sumarmi) who always give pray, support and help both material and
immaterial for the researcher,
8. Her beloved brother (Sandi Krisna Yulianto) for love, joke and happiness for
the researcher,
9. All of friends in A Class of English Language Studies at Post Graduate
Program, for happiness, help and happy moments during study,
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10. Her big family from anywhere they live, for their pray and support,
11. Her dearest boy friend, Kurniawan Dony for his love, support, spirit, advice,
attention and pray,
12. Her beloved friends, Sumarni, Hariyani, and Adinda Putri thanks for
friendship, help, support, happiness and beautiful moments.
13. Her friends Jimmy Cromico S.Pd, Eko Mulyono S.Pd, then Isti Prasetya and
Tintin Teriya, for their help as informant in this research,
14. All of friends in English Language Studies at Post Graduate Program,
15. All parties that can not be mentioned one by one, thanks for anything.
The writer really wishes that this thesis would help the other writers/
researchers who are interested in studying linguistic especially translation and
subtitling and enrich the reader’s knowledge about linguistic in general.

The writer realizes that this thesis is still far from being perfect. Therefore,
the constructive criticism, and better suggestion will be so expected to improve
the quality of this thesis.
Wassalamu ‘alaikum Wr.Wb.

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TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER ................................................................................................................................. i
NOTE OF ADVISOR I ......................................................................................................... ii
NOTE OF ADVISOR II........................................................................................................ iii
APPROVAL.......................................................................................................................... iv
ACCEPTANCE..................................................................................................................... v
MOTTO................................................................................................................................. vi
DEDICATION ...................................................................................................................... vii
PRONOUNCEMENT ........................................................................................................... viii
ABSTRACT .......................................................................................................................... ix
ACKNOWLEDGMENT....................................................................................................... x
TABLE OF CONTENT ........................................................................................................ xii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study .......................................................................... 1
B. Limitation of the Study ............................................................................. 10
C. Problem Statements .................................................................................. 12
D. Objectives of the study.............................................................................. 12
E. Benefits of the Study................................................................................. 13
F. Definition of Key Terms........................................................................... 15
G. Research Paper Organization.................................................................... 16

CHAPTER 2 UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Previous Related Studies........................................................................... 18
B. Theoretical Review
1.

Notion of Translation......................................................................... 27
a. Definition of Translation............................................................... 27
b. Purpose of Translation .................................................................. 30
c. Process of Translation ................................................................... 31
d. Principle of Translation................................................................. 34

e. Problem in Translation.................................................................. 35
f. Type of Translation ....................................................................... 36
g. Translator in Translation ............................................................... 39
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h. Definition of Translation Technique............................................. 42
i. Kind of Translation Technique ..................................................... 45
j. Translation Quality........................................................................ 52
1) Definition of Translation Quality ............................................. 52
2) Criteria of Translation Quality.................................................. 53
a) Accuracy............................................................................... 53
b) Acceptability ........................................................................ 55
c) Readability ........................................................................... 56
2.

Notion of Subtitling ........................................................................... 57
a. Definition of Subtitling ................................................................. 57
b. Process of Subtitling ..................................................................... 60
c. Types of Subtitling........................................................................ 62
d. Subtitling Strategy......................................................................... 63

e. Obstacle Subtitling ........................................................................ 64
f. Effective Subtitle........................................................................... 64

3.

Notion of Movie................................................................................. 65
a. Definition of Movie....................................................................... 66
b. Synopsis of Doraemon “Stand By Me” Movie ............................. 68
c. Characters in Doraemon “Stand By Me” Movie........................... 70

4.

Theoretical Framework...................................................................... 73

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A.

Research Type.................................................................................... 77

B.

Object of Research............................................................................. 78

C.

Data and Source of Data .................................................................... 78

D.

Technique of Collecting Data ............................................................ 79

E.

Validity of Data ................................................................................. 84

F.

Technique of Analyzing Data ............................................................ 86

G.

Research Procedure............................................................................ 89

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION
A.

Research Findings.............................................................................. 91
1.

Type of Translation Technique................................................... 91
a.

Adaptation............................................................................ 92
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b.

Amplification....................................................................... 98

c.

Borrowing ............................................................................ 100

d.

Calque .................................................................................. 104

e.

Compensation ...................................................................... 107

f.

Discursive Creation ............................................................. 109

g.

Established Equivalence ...................................................... 110

h.

Literal Translation ............................................................... 116

i.

Modulation........................................................................... 121

j.

Reduction............................................................................. 125

k.

Transposition ....................................................................... 136

2. Most Dominant Translation Technique ...................................... 134
3. Translation Quality Assessment ................................................. 136
a.

Accuracy .............................................................................. 137
1) Accurate ..................................................................... 139
2) Less Accurate ............................................................. 142
3) Inaccurate ................................................................... 143

b.

Acceptability........................................................................ 146
1) Acceptable.................................................................. 147
2) Less Acceptable ......................................................... 149
3) Unacceptable .............................................................. 151

c.

Readability........................................................................... 153
1) Readable ..................................................................... 153
2) Less Readable............................................................. 156
3) Unreadable ................................................................. 158

B.

Discussion ......................................................................... 160

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A.

Conclusion............................................................................................ 176

B.

Implication ........................................................................................... 178

C.

Suggestion ............................................................................................ 180

BIBLIOGRAPHY
VIRTUAL REFERENCES
APPENDICES
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LIST OF ABBREVIATION

SL

: Source Language

TL

: Target Language

SBM-D

: Stand By Me Doraemon

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LIST OF TABLE

Table 3.1 Scale of Accuracy Measurement ........................................................ 82
Table 3.2 Scale of Acceptability Measurement ................................................... 82
Table 3.3 Scale of Readability Measurement ...................................................... 83
Table 3.4 Classification of Translation Technique .............................................. 87
Table 3.5 Analyzing the Translation Quality Assessment.................................... 88
Table 4.1 Type and Number of Translation Technique........................................ 135
Table 4.2 Accuracy Data ...................................................................................... 138
Table 4.3 Acceptability Data ................................................................................ 146
Table 4.4 Readability Data ................................................................................... 154
Table 4.5 Translation Technique in “Stand By Me” Doraemon Movie ............... 163
Table 4.6 Classification of Translation Technique............................................... 166
Table 4.7 Accuracy Data ...................................................................................... 171
Table 4.8 Acceptability Data ................................................................................ 172
Table 4.9 Readability Data ................................................................................... 174

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LIST OF FIGURE

Figure 2.1 Translation Process by Nida (1982) ...............................................32
Figure 2.2 Process of Translation by Larson (1998) ........................................33
Figure 2.3 Process of Subtitling by Hajmohammadi (2004)............................61
Figure 2.4 Conceptual Framework of the Research .........................................75
Chart 4.10 Translation Technique ...................................................................164
Chart 4.11 Translation Quality Assessment ....................................................175

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LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 01. Subtitle and Its Translation Technique of Subtitle Movie ............... 190
Appendix 02. Type of Translation Technique of Subtitle Movie ........................... 243
Appendix 03. Cover of Subtitle Movie ................................................................... 287
Appendix 04. Pictures of Subtitle Movie ............................................................... 289
Appendix 05. Translation Technique in Duration 30 Minutes ............................... 301
Appendix 06. Analysis Translation Technique in Duration 30 Minutes ................ 317
Appendix 07. Classification of Translation Technique in Duration 30 Minutes .... 322
Appendix 08. Data Translation Quality Assessment .............................................. 324
Appendix 09. Questionnare to the Raters ............................................................... 328
Appendix 10. Analysis Translation Quality Assessment........................................ 332
Appendix 11. Example Questionnare to the Raters ................................................ 374

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