SOAL SBMPTN 3 www.englishiana.com
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SBMPTN 3
TEXT 1
The full-time unemployment rate cannot be determined with great precision. One thing is certain: it
cannot be zero or even close to zero. A zero unemployment rate would mean that no one ever
entered or re-entered the labor force, that no one ever quit a job or was laid off, and that for new
entrants or re-entrants, the process of searching for a job consumed no time. Moreover, full-time
employment cannot be defined as an equality between the number of unemployed persons and the
number of unfilled jobs. By this definition, almost any unemployment rate could be consistent with
the full-time employment rate.
The customary definition of the full-time U.S. unemployment rate is the lowest rate of
unemployment that can be attained without resulting in an accelerated rate of inflation, given the
existing economic conditions. However, no one can be sure exactly what the unemployment rate is,
based on this definition, since it is not possible to predict exactly how great a change in the rate of
inflation will be associated with any given change in the unemployment rate. In the early 1960s,
President Kennedy's Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) determined that 4 percent was the best
estimate of the full-time U.S. unemployment rate. That rate was based on data collected during the
period from mid-1955 to mid-1957, when the U.S. unemployment rate fluctuated around an average
of 4.1 percent and the consumer price index advanced at an average rate of 2.5 percent per year.
Although a 4-percent U.S. unemployment rate may have been consistent with an acceptably low
rate of inflation in the mid-1950s, by the 1960s this proposition had become increasingly doubtful.
Our experience since then has been such that those who accept the customary definition of the fulltime U.S. unemployment rate now consider 4.5 percent to be the optimal rate under the existing
circumstances.
The principal reason for this upward adjustment in the full-time U.S. unemployment rate is the
changed composition of the labor force. As the labor force becomes increasingly composed of
elderly people and women, the number of workers has increased. Similarly, the number of workers
who are now eligible to collect benefits has increased. To the extent that these changes have
increased voluntary and involuntary layoff rates and the average length of time unemployed persons
spend looking for work, the full-time unemployment rate has risen.
1. The passage states that the full-time
unemployment rate represents:
A. A rate consistent with the greatest
number of job opportunities for the
greatest number of workers.
B. The greatest degree of stability in the
placement of the labor force that is
practically attainable.
C. A figure below which unemployment is
unlikely to fall without having negative
economic effects.
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D. An ideal matching of unemployed
workers with the number and type of
unfilled jobs available.
E. A value that cannot be determined.
2. According to the passage, all of the
following factors must be considered in
estimating the full-time unemployment rate
EXCEPT:
A. The percentage of women in the work
force.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
B. The ratio of the number of unemployed
workers to the number of vacant
positions.
C. The strength of inflationary tendencies
in the economic system.
D. The number of young people in the job
market.
E. The availability of financial help for
those who are out of work.
The author is most likely a(n):
A. politician
B. economist
C. statistician
D. journalist
E. feminist
The author believes that a zero
unemployment rate is:
A. imminent
B. plausible
C. convincing
D. unlikely
E. impossible
The purpose of the third paragraph is to:
A. explain how unemployment works.
B. make a prediction about the
unemployment rate.
C. provide evidence for a statement made
in paragraph 2.
D. contribute to the overall message of the
passage.
E. define a trend in unemployment history.
The passage implies that the extension of
unemployment insurance to new groups of
workers and the lengthening of the period
for benefit payments may have encouraged:
1. Layoffs of workers by employers.
2. Abandonment of unsatisfactory jobs by
employees.
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3. Longer periods of job hunting by
unemployed workers.
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. I and III only
D. II and III only
E. I, II, and III
7. The passage provides information to answer
which of the following questions?
A. Why is a zero unemployment rate
unlikely ever to be attained?
B. What is the likely future trend of the
full-employment unemployment rate?
C. Why has the percentage of younger
workers in the job market increased?
D. What rate of inflation is generally
considered to be the highest acceptable
rate?
E. (E)To what extent do workers tend to
quit their jobs as a result of increased
unemployment benefits?
8. The author‘s attitude toward the existence
of a zero unemployment rate is one of
A. perplexity
B. uncertainty
C. suspicion
D. indignation
E. disdain
9. The purpose of the second paragraph is to:
A. explain the complex process in which a
term was defined.
B. express doubt about the validity of a
term.
C. provide statistical evidence for the
resolution of a conflict.
D. show the role of government in creating
unemployment.
E. defend a diverse group of definitions for
one term.
TEXT 2
In studying the phenomenon usually referred to as sleep, we are actually dealing with more than one
phenomenon. In point of fact, we spend the night alternating between two different types of sleep,
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each with different brain __(10)__ and different purposes. As a person falls asleep, his brain waves
develop a slower and less regular pattern than in a waking state.
This is called orthodox sleep. In this state the brain is apparently resting. Its blood supply is
reduced, and its temperature falls slightly. Breathing and __(11)__ are regular. The muscles remain
slightly tensed. After about an hour in this state, however, the brain waves begin to show a more
active pattern again, even though the person is apparently a sleep very deeply. This is called
paradoxical sleep because it has much in common with being awake.
Paradoxical (active) sleep is marked by irregular breathing and heart rate, __(12)__ and increased
brain temperature. Most of the muscles are relaxed. There are various jerky movement of the body
and face, including short burst of rapid eye movement, which indicate, that we are dreaming. Thus,
we spend the night alternating between these two vital ‗restoration jobs‘, working on the brain and
working on the body.
10. The option that best completes (10) is ….
A. structure
D. types
B. feature
E. mechanism
C. division
11. The option that best completes (11) is ….
A. heart rate
B. heart ache
C. heart temperature
D. heart condition
E. heart type
TEXT 3
12. The option that best completes (12) is ….
A. the blood supply to the brain is
increasing
B. increased blood supply to the brain
C. the brain supplies the blood increasingly
D. increasingly supply the blood to the
brain
E. the supply of blood to the brain is
increasing
If you want to farm green, two decisions about how to grow your crops are likely to have the
biggest impact on achieving your goal-how much tillage you use and how well you manage
nitrogen.
Although there probably are hundreds or thousands of other decisions, practices and technologies
that can contribute to a green farming system, these two factors alone can come close to eliminating
your cropping system‘s global warming footprint. At the same time, you will also reduce your
operation‘s impact on soil and water erosion, as well as surface and groundwater degradation from
fertilizers and other agricultural inputs. You may also be able to turn this environmental
stewardship into extra cash by selling carbon credits associated with no-till.
This surprising finding – that intensive crop production practices in use today can be nearly carbon
neutral – is emerging from research on both greenhouse gas production and greenhouse gas capture
associated with production on annual crops. The research shows that basic crop management
decisions to reduce tillage and use nitrogen more efficiently can cut a farming operation‘s impact on
global warming gases by 90% or more. In a best case scenario, which would include no-till, these
everyday practices come close to zeroing out a farming operation‘s greenhouse gas footprint.
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13. Which of the following is irrelevant with
the idea of the impact of global warming
caused by conventional farming?
A. decreasing tillage
B. doing green farming
C. relying on nitrogen-rich fertilizer
D. relying on eco-friendly farming method
E. avoiding using groundwater chemical
pollutant
14. The author holds the assumption that tillage
use and nitrogen management can help
farmers….
A. reduce greenhouse gas production
B. release carbon to the atmosphere
C. increase sharply financial benefits
D. use fertilizers more effectively
E. decrease operational cost
15. The author purpose in writing the text is to
….
A. propose an innovative approach to green
farming
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B. expose the importance of a simple green
farming
C. describe eco-friendly strategies of crops
production
D. inform the fact of green farming and
global warming
E. argue on the importance of tillage and
nitrogen control
16. What is the relation between paragraph 3
and the previous paragraphs?
A. Paragraph 2 provides facts for paragraph
3
B. Paragraph 2 provides detail for
paragraph 3
C. Paragraph 3 provides examples for
paragraph 2
D. Paragraph 3 provides academic support
for paragraph 2.
E. Paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 support
strongly paragraph 3.
While Srivijayan power faded, the Indian Ocean routes between Southeast Asia and the Middle East
grew even more important between 1000 and 1500, becoming the heart of an extensive trade
network. The trading system linked China, Japan, Vietnam, and Cambodia in the east through
Malaya and the Indonesian archipelago to India and Sri Lanka, and then connected westward to
Persia, Arabia, Egypt, the East African coast as far south as Mozambique, and to the eastern and
central Mediterranean. Over these routes the spices of Indonesia and East Africa, the gold and tin of
Malaya and Sumatra, the textiles, sugar, and cotton of India, the cinnamon and ivory of Ceylon, the
gold of Zimbabwe, the carpets of Persia, and the silks, porcelain, and tea of China traveled to
distant markets. Many of these products reached Europe, sparking interest there in reaching the
sources of the richest of the East.
Like the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean developed a spatial unity. No particular state dominated
the trading route. The dynamism depended on cosmopolitan port cities like Hormuz on the Persian
coast, Kilwa in present-day Tanzania, Cambay in northwest India, Calicut on India‘s southwest
coast, Guangzhou in southeastern China, and the ports along the Straits of Melaka. These trading
ports became vibrant, cosmopolitan centers of international commerce and culture with
multinational populations.
Trade networks helped foster the expansion of Islam and the rise of Melaka. Sunni Islam spread
widely in the Southeast Asian archipelago from the thirteenth through sixteenth centuries. A
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common Islamic faith and trade connections linked societies as far apart as Morocco and Indonesia.
Islamic culture was a globalizing force, dominating huge sections of Africa and Eurasia. By the
fourteenth century Islam was well established in northern Sumatra. Some Hindu-Buddhist rulers of
coastal states in the Malay Peninsula and Indonesian islands, anxious to attract the Muslim Arab
and Indian traders who dominated interregional maritime commerce and attracted by the
cosmopolitan universality of Islam, adopted the new faith.
17. What does the paragraph preceding the
passage probably discuss?
A. Why the Indian Ocean routes were
important for international trade.
B. The Indian Ocean trade routes before
the decline of Srivijaya.
C. The decline and fall of Srivijaya.
D. Other trade routes between Southeast
Asia and the Middle East.
E. The role of Srivijaya in promoting the
later growth of the Indian Ocean trade
routes.
18. Paragraph 1 and 3 mention different
impacts of the flourishing Indian Ocean
trade routes, in that the former …
A. deals with Asia as a whole, the latter
with Southeast Asia specifically.
B. relates to the onset of European
colonialism, the latter to the spread of
Islam.
C. refers to trade commodities, the latter to
the growth of Islam.
D. speaks about the types of trade ships,
the latter about the expansion of coastal
kingdoms.
E. is associated with the main trade ports,
the latter with the fall of HinduBuddhist rulers.
19. From paragraph 2, in can be said that
Tanzania …
A. has been an independent state since the
eleventh century.
B. had large yet less important port cities.
C. was comparable in power to other
ancient Islamic states like Persia and
Melaka.
D. was located on the Mediterranean coast.
E. once had a prominent port city.
20. The author uses the term ‗spatial unity‘ in
paragraph 2 to demonstrate …
A. the absence of states.
B. the similarity between the Indian Ocean
and the Mediterranean.
C. equal opportunity among states to travel
the trading route.
D. the existence of a trade alliance.
E. monopoly by a single strong state.
21. As suggested in paragraph 3, which of the
following best illustrates the relationship
between Islam and international trade
between the 11th and the 16th centuries?
A. Two planets orbiting the same star.
B. A bike and its wheels.
C. Fire and water.
D. Flowers and bees.
E. A magnet and iron nails.
TEXT 5
According to a study there has been a 39 percent increase in obese teenagers. This is due to many
factors, although upbringing is a predominant influence. With two obese parents there is an 80
percent chance that a teen will be obese; with one parent, 40 percent; and with lean parents only a
10 percent chance.
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Weight management is about long-term work with success that will last a lifetime. People who lose
weight quickly by ―crash‖ dieting or other extreme measures usually gain it all back or gain even
more of pounds they lost because they haven‘t changed their eating habits. The best weight
management strategies are those that you can maintain.
It‘s amazing how many extra calories are in sodas, juices and other drinks. Cutting out soda
completely can save you 360 calories or more each day. Avoid diet soda too, because the artificial
sweeteners tend to make some people hungry. Drink a lot of water. Switching from whole to non-fat
or low-fat milk, soy milk or other sugar-free beverages is also good idea.
You may find that you don‘t need to give up calories as much as you need to get off your behind.
Try a variety of activities, such as hiking, cycling or rowing until you find one you like. Even the
smallest lifestyle changes like walking to school or jogging up and down the stairs a couple of times
before your morning shower can really make a difference. Your goal should be to work up to 30
minutes of aerobic exercise at least 3 to 5 times a week, but it‘s fine to start out by simply taking a
few turns around the block before bed.
Lots of teens eat when they‘re bored. Lonely or stressed, or keep eating long after they‘re full
simply out of habit. It takes about 20 minutes for your brain to recognize how much is in your
stomach, so if you slow down, it will prevent you from eating more than you need. Take a break
before refilling your plate for seconds, and avoid eating when you feel upset or bored.
Don‘t tell yourself you‘ll ―never‖ eat your absolute favorite peanut butter chocolate ice cream or a
bag of potato chips. Making these foods forbidden is sure to make you want them even more.
Besides, you need to have some fat in your diet to stay healthy, so giving up all fatty foods all the
time isn‘t a good idea anyway. Being healthy is really about being at the right weight for you.
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22. The best title of the above passage is
….
A. Losing Weight and Health
B. Bad Eating Habit
C. Tips for Healthy Life
D. The Benefit of Exercise
E. Stress in Young People
23. All of the following are recommended
to stay slim except ….
A. avoiding drinking soda
B. doing some exercise
C. reducing up all fatty foods
D. leading a leisure life
E. avoiding getting bored
24. The topic of the paragraph preceding
the passage could be about ….
A. the myths of diet food
B. the definition of obesity
C. how to avoid obesity
D. why people get fat
E. the right calorie intake
25. The most likely cause for a person to
be obese is ….
A. upbringing
B. eating habits
C. calories
D. stress
E. lack of exercise
26. ―… refilling your plate for seconds,
…‖
The word seconds in paragraph 5
means ….
A. a short while
B. fatty food
C. another serving
D. spontaneous offer
E. excessive meal
TEXT 6
Have you ever had the desire to wander the world and see what was out there? While some
people prefer to stay in the comfort of their own home, other have been bitten by travel bug
and can‘t wait to explore the world. Exotic places call to them. ―Come visit me and I will
show you my mysteries,‖ they say.
Every year millions of people pack their suitcases or put on backpacks and flock to visit the
seven continents of the world. They wander through the castles and museums of Europe, and
the cities and natural wonders of North and South of America. Some visit the vast exotic
cultures of Asia Africa and the Middle East. The great outback of Australia is a wonderland
for those who go there. And a few lucky people even make it to the most mysterious
continent on it—Antarctica.
Why do people want to explore the world? It gives them a better perspective about the earth
and the people living on it. It opens their minds, it gives them feeling of accomplishment, and
it makes them feel alive. So save some money, get your passport ready, and see the world. It
will change your life forever.
C. adventurous people
D. world exploration
27. The topic discussed in the passage is
E. the effect of a bug bite
about …
A. around the world travelling
B. tourist destinations world-wide
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28. It is most unlikely for people bitten by
travel bug to visit a place such as ….
A. the Borobudur temple
B. the ancient Inca ruins
C. the Great Wall of China
D. the Taj mahal of India
E. a shopping arcade
29. ―To be bitten by the travel bug‖ means
that ….
A. you like to open your mind
B. you like to travel around the world
C. you like to see unique cultures
D. you like to stay home
E. you like to collect bugs
30. According to the passage the following
sentences are correct EXCEPT ….
A. not all people like travelling
B. no one has been to Antarctica
C. travellers see both unique place and
culture
D. travelling can make people‘s lives
more meaningful
E. the countries visited are spread in
seven continents
31. From the passage we may conclude that
…
A. travelling around the world cost a lot
of money
B. travelling helps people see things in a
new way
C. to feel satisfied, people have to see
the seven continents
D. travelling around the world is a
mysterious experience
E. many people are attracted to see new
cultures in distant place
TEXT 6
No one doubts that the words we write or speak an expression of our inner thoughts and
personalities. But beyond the meaningful content of language, a wealth of unique insights
into an author‘s mind are hidden in the style of the text—in such elements as how often
certain word categories are used, regardless of context . When people try to present
themselves a certain way, they tend to select what they think are appropriate nouns and verbs,
but they are unlikely to control their use of articles and pronouns. These small words create
the style of a text, which is less subject to conscious manipulation.
Social psychologist James W. Pennebaker of the University of Trans of Austin Pennebaker
developed a computer program that analyzes text, called Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count
(LIWC, pronounced ―Luke‖). The software has been used to examine other speech
characteristics as well, tallying up nouns and verbs in hundreds of categories to expose buried
patterns.
Most recently, Pennebaker and his colleagues used LIWC to analyze the candidates‘ speeches
and interviews during last fall‘s presidential election. The software counts how many times a
speaker or author uses words in specific categories, such as emotion or perception, and words
that indicate complex cognitive processes. It also tallies up so called function words such as
pronouns, articles, numerals and conjunctions. Within each of these major categories are
subsets: Are there more mentions of sad or happy emotions? Does the speaker prefer ―I‖ and
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―me‖ to ―us‖ and ―we‖? LIWC answers these quantitative questions; psychologists must then
figure out what the numbers mean. Before LIWC was developed in the mid-1990‘s, years of
psychological research in which people counted words by hand established robust connection
between word usage and psychological states or character traits.
The political candidates, for example, showed clear differences in their speaking styles. John
McCain tended to speak directly and personally to his constituency, using a vocabulary that
was both emotionally loaded and impulsive. Barack Obama, in contrast, made frequent use of
casual relationships, which indicated more complex thought processes. He also tended to be
vaguer than his republican rival.
32. An appropriate title for the passage is
….
A. Linguistic Analysis Program: A New
Invention
B. Psychological Analysis in US
Presidents‘ Speeches
C. How the Use of Articles and
Pronouns Reveals Our Characters
D. What Your Choice of Words Says
about Your Personality
E. Low-level Words that Give Clues to
Large Scale Behavior
33. According to the passage, how does
LIWC
help
analyze
president
candidates‘ speeches?
A. It does quantitative analysis, which
was later used by psychologist
B. It helps the psychologist reveal the
candidates‘ hidden motives
C. It make analysis of nouns and verbs
used by the candidates during their
speeches
D. It counts how many in appropriate
words are used by the candidates
E. It provides psychological research on
the connection of word usage and
people‘s personality
34. Which of the following words would be
able to be used to tell about our
personality?
A. Provide
B. Examination
C. The
D. Analysis
E. Test
35. The word robust in paragraph 3 can be
best replaced by ….
A. definite
B. vigorous
C. frail
D. strong
E. slight
36. Which of the following statements about
LIWC is FALSE?
A. The
software
cannot
detect
unconscious use of words
B. The software is able to count certain
words and analyze the numbers
C. By using LIWC, we learn about the
characteristics of the US presidential
candidates
D. LIWC‘s result confirms that people‘s
characters affect their word usage
E. The software works on the basis of
the psychologists‘ analysis design
TEXT 7
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Eating slowly could help you win the battle of the bulge. A study of more than 3000
Japanese adults___[37]___found that those who eat their meals quickly were about
twice to be obese as their slow-munching counterpart.
People who are quickly and who ate until they were full were three times more likely
to be obese. The research___[38]___that people tend to consume more calories when
they eat quickly, also that eating quickly is linked to obesity regardless of how many
calories are eaten. Dr. Elizabeth Denney-Wilson, an obesity expert from the
university of New South Wales says research suggests people can learn to eat more
slowly and___[39]___their internal cues for fullness. She adds that while it is not
known what drives us to eat quickly behavior such as eating while distracted and
eating fast food in hurry may be to blame.
Setting aside meal times and chatting between bites can help slow the rate of eating
and allow your body to send fullness signals___[40]___you‘ve over eaten.
37. The best word or phrase that
completes (37) is ….
A. the British Medical Journal was
published in
B. published in the British Medical
Journal
C. which published it in the British
Medical Journal
D. was published in the British
Medical Journal
E. the British Medical Journal was
published
38. The best word or phrase that
completes (38) is ….
A. whose previous evidence supports
B. that supports previous evidence
C. supports previous evidence
D. that previous evidence supports
E. supporting previous evidence
39. The best word or phrase that
completes (39) is ….
A. be recognizing
B. recognized
C. recognize
D. recognizes
E. recognizing
40. The best word or phrase that
completes (40) is ….
A. after
B. since
C. if only
D. before
E. although
SOLUSI
1. Jawaban C
Penjelasan tentang full time employment tersebut dapat kita lihat pada kalimat pertama
paragraf ke 2 : “The customary definition of the full-time U.S. unemployment rate is the
lowest rate of unemployment that can be attained without resulting in an accelerated
rate of inflation, given the existing economic conditions.”
2. Jawaban B
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Opsi A, D, dan E berdasar pada paragraf terakhir. Opsi C dinyatakan secara tersirat dari
keseluruhan pargraf, sementara opsi B yang dimentahkan oleh dua kalimat terakhir pada
paragraf 1. Maka jawaban yang paling tepat adalah opsi B
3. Jawaban B
Penulis secara jelas dinyatakan meneliti tentang masalah pengangguran dan memiliki
pengetahuan yang luas tentang trend sejarah tentang pengangguran dan juga matematika.
Oleh karenanya, dapat kita duga ia adalah seorang ahli ekonomi.
4. Jawaban E
Penulis menyatakan “One thing is certain: it cannot be zero or even close to zero.” Yang
artinya, Satu hal yang pasti: ia tidak bisa menjadi nol atau mendekati nol. Jadi menurut
penulis, pengangguran pada titik nol adalah sesuatu yang tidak mungkin terjadi.
5. Jawaban C
Paragraf ke dua menyajikan sebuah isu tentang data-data tentang tingkat pengangguran
yang terjadi beberapa tahun belakangan namun paragraf ke tiga menjelaskan tentang
mengapa hal ini, the composition of the labor force had changed, harus dilakukan. Oleh
karenanya dapat kita ketahui bahwa tujuan dari paragraf ke 3 adalah memberikan bukti
untuk sebuah pernyataan yang dibuat pada paragraf ke 2.
6. Jawaban E
Ke tiga hal tersebut dapat kita simpulkan dari paragraf terakhir dari teks tersebut.
Pertanyaan ini sebenarnya menanyakan tentang apakah akibat dari perubahan demogafis
yang dijelaskan pada teks tersebut.
7. Jawaban A
Pertanyaan pada opsi A dibahas pada paragraf pertama dari teks tersebut. Sedang
pertanyaan yang lain hanya berdasarkan informasi yang ada di dalam teks, namun tidak
satupun dapat dijawab dengan teks tersebut.
8. Jawaban C
Type: Tone
Dengan menyatakan “… it cannot be zero or even close to zero.” Penulis dengan jelas
tidak mempercayai bahwa zero unemployement itu akan terjadi dan membuat dugaandugaan yang lucu dengan menyatakan bahwa, “A zero unemployment rate would mean
that no one ever entered or re-entered the labor force, that no one ever quit a job or was
laid off, and that for new entrants or re-entrants, the process of searching for a job
consumed no time.” Oleh karenanya, Suspicious / Curiga adalah emosi yang tepat untuk
menggambarkan kecenderungan penulis terhadap teks tersebut.
9. Jawaban A
Paragraf ke dua menggambarkan apa dan bagaimanakah full-time unemployment
tersebut. Hal tersebut telah berubah seiring berjalannya waktu karena banyak faktor dan
pendapat.
10. Jawaban: E
Makna kalimat soal: Pada kenyataannya, kita menghabiskan malam bergantian antara
dua jenis tidur, masing-masing dengan mekanisma (mechanism) otak dan tujuan yang
berbeda.
11. Jawaban: A
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Makna lanjutan kalimat soal adalah: Pernapasan atau tekanan jantung (heart rate) teratur.
12. Jawaban: B
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat soal perlu dilengkapi dengan: Tidur
paradoks (aktif) ditandai dengan pernafasan dan detak jantung yang tidak teratur,
pasokan darah ke otak yang meningkat (increased blood supply to the brain) dan suhu
otak yang meningkat.
13. Jawaban: C
Berdasarkan keseluruhan wacana soal nampak jelas bahwa pernyataan yang tidak relevan
dengan gagasan dampak pemanasan global yang disebabkan oleh pertanian konvensional
adalah: bergantung pada pupuk yang kaya dengan nitrogen (relying on nitrogen-rich
fertilizer).
14. Jawaban: A
Asumsi yang dapat ditarik dari keseluruhan wacana soal adalah penulis yakin bahwa
penggunaan tanah dan manajemen nitrogen dapat membantu petani mengurangi produksi
gas rumah kaca (reduce greenhouse gas production).
15. Jawaban: A
Berdasarkan isi keseluruhan wacana soal yang membahas inovasi di bidang pertanian,
dapat disimpulkan bahwa tujuan penulis memaparkan wacana soal adalah untuk
mengajukan pendekatan yang inovatif terhadap pertanian ramah lingkungan (propose an
innovative approach to green farming).
16. Jawaban: D
Dalam memaparkan wacana soal, penulis menyajikan dukungan akademik–dengan
dipaparkannya hasil penelitian–terhadap informasi yang dipaparkan di paragraf ke-2.
17. Jawaban: B
“While Srivijayan power faded, the Indian Ocean routes between Southeast Asia and the
Middle East grew even more important between 1000 and 1500, becoming the heart of
an extensive trade network.” Jika dilihat dari kalimat tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan
paragraf sebelumnya kemungkinan akan membicarakan tentang ―The Indian Ocean trade
routes before the decline of Srivijaya.”
CARA JAWAB
Untuk mencari preceding paragraph baca kalimat
pertama.
18. Jawaban: B
“Many of these products reached Europe, sparking interest there in reaching the sources
of the richest of the East.” (paragraph 1)
“Trade networks helped foster the expansion of Islam and the rise of Melaka.”
(paragraph 3)
Berdasarkan ke dua fakta dari ke dua paragraph tersebut, maka jawaban yang paling
memungkinkan adalah ―relates to the onset of European colonialism, the latter to the
spread of Islam”
19. Jawaban: E
“The dynamism depended on cosmopolitan port cities like Hormuz on the Persian
coast, Kilwa in present-day Tanzania, Cambay in northwest India, Calicut on India’s
southwest coast, Guangzhou in southeastern China, and the ports along the Straits of
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Melaka. These trading ports became vibrant, cosmopolitan centers of international
commerce and culture with multinational po pulations.” Dari kutipan paragraf tersebut
dapat ditarik sebuah informasi tersirat bahwa Tanzania dahulunya Kilwa yang memiliki
pelabuahan kosmopolitan yang salah satu contohnya adalah Hormuz, yang pada ahir
kutipan ini juga ditegaskan bahwa pelabuhan-pelabuhan ini adalah pelabuhan yang
menjadi pusat perdagangan internasional.
CARA JAWAB
Unstated detail question
20. Jawaban: C
“Like the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean developed a spatial unity. No particular state
dominated the trading route.‖ Dari informasi yang disajikan pada kalimat tersebut, kita
dapat ketahui bahwa penulis menggunakan istilah ―spatial unity” untuk menggambarkan
bahwa tidak ada negara tertentu yang mendominasi rute perdagangan ―No particular
state dominated the trading route.‖ Jadi jawaban yang paling tepat adalah“Equal
opportunity among states to travel the trading route.”
21. Jawaban: D
“Trade networks helped foster the expansion of Islam and the rise of Melaka.” Dari
informasi yang terdapat pada kalimat tersebut dapat kita tarik kesimpulan bahwa
hubungan antara Islam dan Jaringan Perdagangan adalah hubungan yang saling
menguntungkan yang senada dengan ilustrasi hubungan antara bunga dan lebah (Flowers
and bees).
22. Jawaban: A
Secara keseluruhan, wacana soal penulis bertujuan untuk menjelaskaan konsep
menurunkan berat badan (Losing Weight and Health).
23. Jawaban: D
“Try a variety of activities, such as hiking, cycling or rowing until you find one you
like.” Kalimat ini menyatakan tentang ―mencoba aktivitas yang bermacam-macam agar
biasa menurunkan berat badan yang justru berlawanan dengan pernyataan yang ada pada
opsi D
“leading a leisure life”(Hidup dengan banyak waktu luang).
24. Jawaban: B
“According to a study there has been a 39 percent increase in obese teenagers.‖ Jika
dilihat dari kalimat tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan paragraf sebelumnya kemungkinan
akan membicarakan tentang. “ the definition of obesity”
CARA JAWAB
Untuk mencari preceding paragraph baca kalimat
pertama.
25. Jawaban: A
“According to a study there has been a 39 percent increase in obese teenagers. This is
due to many factors, although upbringing is a predominant influence. ” Dari kalimat
tersebut kita bisa ketahui bahwa penyebab utama dari obesitas adalah keturunan atau
(upbringing).
CARA JAWAB
(Stated Detai Question) Baca keyword dari
pertanyaan kemudian temukan keyword dalam text.
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26. Jawaban: C
“…..so if you slow down, it will prevent you from eating more than you need. Take a
break before refilling your plate for seconds, and avoid eating when you feel upset or
bored.” Pada kelimat bercetak miring tersebut, kata “Second” berdasarkan konteks berarti
yang ke dua / selanjutnya, yang memiliki arti yang sangat dekat dengan kata “another
serving.”
CARA JAWAB
Baca konteks kalimat untuk menemukan makna
terdekat
27. Jawaban: C
Secara keseluruhan, wacana soal penulis bertujuan untuk menjelaskaan konsep tentang
orang – orang yang berjiwa petualang (adventurous people).
28. Jawaban: E
Seorang yang tergolong sebagai orang berjiwa petualang akan berkeinginan
mengunjungi tempat – tempat yang ada pilihan jawaban kecuali “shopping arcade” atau
tempat perbelanjaan.
29. Jawaban: B
“……other have been bitten by travel bug and can’t wait to explore the world.” Dari
kalimat tersebut bisa kita dapatkan informasi bahwa ―have been bitten by travel bug”
bermakna seseorang yang sudah tak sabar untuk mengeksplorasi dunia, jadi jawaban
yang paling tepat adalah “you like to travel around the world.”
30. Jawaban: B
“And a few lucky people even make it to the most mysterious continent on it—
Antarctica.” Dari kalimat tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa bahkan beberapa orang yang
beruntung sudah pernah berkunjung ke benua paling misterius yaitu Antartika. Jadi opsi
D (no one has been to Antarctica) berlawanan dengan dengan pernyataan pada kalimat
tersebut.
31. Jawaban: B
Why do people want to explore the world? It gives them a better perspective about the
earth and the people living on it. It opens their minds, it gives them feeling of
accomplishment, and it makes them feel alive. Dari kalimat – kalimat yang terdapat pada
paragraph terahir tersebut, bisa ditarik kesimpulan bahwa traveling memberikan mereka
pandangan yang lebih baik tentang bumi dan orang yang mendiaminya. Maka,
kesimpulan yang paling sesuai adalah
(travelling helps people see things in a new way)
32. Jawaban: A
Secara keseluruhan, wacana soal penulis bertujuan untuk menjelaskaan konsep tentang
sebuah penemuan baru tentang program analisis linguistik (Linguistic Analysis Program:
A New Invention).
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33. Jawaban: B
“Most recently, Pennebaker and his colleagues used LIWC to analyze the candidates’
speeches and interviews during last fall’s presidential election. The software counts how
many times a speaker or author uses words in specific categories, such as emotion or
perception, and words that indicate complex cognitive processes.”
It helps the psychologist reveal the candidates‘ hidden motives
34. Jawaban: D
“The software counts how many times a speaker or author uses words in specific
categories, such as emotion or perception, and words that indicate complex cognitive
processes. It also tallies up so called function words such as pronouns, articles,
numerals and conjunctions. Within each of these major categories are subsets: Are there
more mentions of sad or happy emotions? Does the speaker prefer “I” and “me” to
“us” and “we”? LIWC answers these quantitative questions; psychologists must then
figure out what the numbers mean .”
Berdasarkan paragraf tersebut kita dapat ketahui bahwa LIWC membantu menghitung
penggunaan kata – kata pada kategori tertentu secara kuantitatif yang kemudian
dijadikan bahan pertimbangan bagi psikolog untuk diterjemahkan.
35. Jawaban: B
“….. years of psychological research in which people counted words by hand established
robust connection between word usage and psychological states or character traits.”
Pada kelimat bercetak miring tersebut, kata “robust” berdasarkan konteks berarti kuat, yang
memiliki arti yang sangat dekat dengan kata “vigorous.”
36. Jawaban: A
“When people try to present themselves a certain way, they tend to select what they think
are appropriate nouns and verbs, but they are unlikely to control their use of articles and
pronouns. These small words create the style of a text, which is less subject to conscious
ma nipulation.” Berdasarkan alasan pada kalimat tersubutlah sebuah alat yang bernama
LIWC diciptakan. Maka jawaban yang tidak sesuai adalah “The software cannot detect
unconscious use of words.”
37. Jawaban: E
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat soal perlu dilengkapi dengan:
published in the British Medical Journal ( yang dipublikasikan di British Medical
Journal). Sedangkan opsi lain tidak padu jika ditambahkan untuk melengkapi kalimat
tersebut.
38. Jawaban: B
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat “The research___[38]___that people
tend to consume more calories when they eat quickly.” (Penelitian _________ bahwa
orang yang cenderung mengkonsumsi lebih banyak kalori ketika makan dengan cepat)
perlu dilengkapi dengan: ―supports previous evidence” (mendukung bukti sebelumnya).
Sedangkan opsi lain tidak padu jika ditambahkan untuk melengkapi kalimat tersebut.
39. Jawaban: C
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat “people can learn to eat more slowly
and___[39]___their internal……” harus dilengkapi dengan kata kerja yang parallel
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dengan kata kerja ―learn‖ karna diantara ke duanya terdapat kata penghubung ―and‖ yang
mengharuskan ke dua kata tersebut berkedudukan sama satu sama lain. Untuk itu, kata
kerja ―recognize‖ adalah kata yang paling tempat untuk melengkapi kalimat rumpang
tersebut.
40. Jawaban: B
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat ―allow your body to send fullness
signals___[40]___you’ve over eaten” (mendorong tubuhmu untuk mengirimkan signal
kenyang ___________ sebelum kamu makan terlalu banyak) perlu dilengkapi dengan:
before (sebelum). Sedangkan opsi lain tidak padu jika ditambahkan untuk melengkapi
kalimat tersebut.
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SBMPTN 3
TEXT 1
The full-time unemployment rate cannot be determined with great precision. One thing is certain: it
cannot be zero or even close to zero. A zero unemployment rate would mean that no one ever
entered or re-entered the labor force, that no one ever quit a job or was laid off, and that for new
entrants or re-entrants, the process of searching for a job consumed no time. Moreover, full-time
employment cannot be defined as an equality between the number of unemployed persons and the
number of unfilled jobs. By this definition, almost any unemployment rate could be consistent with
the full-time employment rate.
The customary definition of the full-time U.S. unemployment rate is the lowest rate of
unemployment that can be attained without resulting in an accelerated rate of inflation, given the
existing economic conditions. However, no one can be sure exactly what the unemployment rate is,
based on this definition, since it is not possible to predict exactly how great a change in the rate of
inflation will be associated with any given change in the unemployment rate. In the early 1960s,
President Kennedy's Council of Economic Advisors (CEA) determined that 4 percent was the best
estimate of the full-time U.S. unemployment rate. That rate was based on data collected during the
period from mid-1955 to mid-1957, when the U.S. unemployment rate fluctuated around an average
of 4.1 percent and the consumer price index advanced at an average rate of 2.5 percent per year.
Although a 4-percent U.S. unemployment rate may have been consistent with an acceptably low
rate of inflation in the mid-1950s, by the 1960s this proposition had become increasingly doubtful.
Our experience since then has been such that those who accept the customary definition of the fulltime U.S. unemployment rate now consider 4.5 percent to be the optimal rate under the existing
circumstances.
The principal reason for this upward adjustment in the full-time U.S. unemployment rate is the
changed composition of the labor force. As the labor force becomes increasingly composed of
elderly people and women, the number of workers has increased. Similarly, the number of workers
who are now eligible to collect benefits has increased. To the extent that these changes have
increased voluntary and involuntary layoff rates and the average length of time unemployed persons
spend looking for work, the full-time unemployment rate has risen.
1. The passage states that the full-time
unemployment rate represents:
A. A rate consistent with the greatest
number of job opportunities for the
greatest number of workers.
B. The greatest degree of stability in the
placement of the labor force that is
practically attainable.
C. A figure below which unemployment is
unlikely to fall without having negative
economic effects.
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D. An ideal matching of unemployed
workers with the number and type of
unfilled jobs available.
E. A value that cannot be determined.
2. According to the passage, all of the
following factors must be considered in
estimating the full-time unemployment rate
EXCEPT:
A. The percentage of women in the work
force.
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3.
4.
5.
6.
B. The ratio of the number of unemployed
workers to the number of vacant
positions.
C. The strength of inflationary tendencies
in the economic system.
D. The number of young people in the job
market.
E. The availability of financial help for
those who are out of work.
The author is most likely a(n):
A. politician
B. economist
C. statistician
D. journalist
E. feminist
The author believes that a zero
unemployment rate is:
A. imminent
B. plausible
C. convincing
D. unlikely
E. impossible
The purpose of the third paragraph is to:
A. explain how unemployment works.
B. make a prediction about the
unemployment rate.
C. provide evidence for a statement made
in paragraph 2.
D. contribute to the overall message of the
passage.
E. define a trend in unemployment history.
The passage implies that the extension of
unemployment insurance to new groups of
workers and the lengthening of the period
for benefit payments may have encouraged:
1. Layoffs of workers by employers.
2. Abandonment of unsatisfactory jobs by
employees.
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3. Longer periods of job hunting by
unemployed workers.
A. I only
B. I and II only
C. I and III only
D. II and III only
E. I, II, and III
7. The passage provides information to answer
which of the following questions?
A. Why is a zero unemployment rate
unlikely ever to be attained?
B. What is the likely future trend of the
full-employment unemployment rate?
C. Why has the percentage of younger
workers in the job market increased?
D. What rate of inflation is generally
considered to be the highest acceptable
rate?
E. (E)To what extent do workers tend to
quit their jobs as a result of increased
unemployment benefits?
8. The author‘s attitude toward the existence
of a zero unemployment rate is one of
A. perplexity
B. uncertainty
C. suspicion
D. indignation
E. disdain
9. The purpose of the second paragraph is to:
A. explain the complex process in which a
term was defined.
B. express doubt about the validity of a
term.
C. provide statistical evidence for the
resolution of a conflict.
D. show the role of government in creating
unemployment.
E. defend a diverse group of definitions for
one term.
TEXT 2
In studying the phenomenon usually referred to as sleep, we are actually dealing with more than one
phenomenon. In point of fact, we spend the night alternating between two different types of sleep,
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each with different brain __(10)__ and different purposes. As a person falls asleep, his brain waves
develop a slower and less regular pattern than in a waking state.
This is called orthodox sleep. In this state the brain is apparently resting. Its blood supply is
reduced, and its temperature falls slightly. Breathing and __(11)__ are regular. The muscles remain
slightly tensed. After about an hour in this state, however, the brain waves begin to show a more
active pattern again, even though the person is apparently a sleep very deeply. This is called
paradoxical sleep because it has much in common with being awake.
Paradoxical (active) sleep is marked by irregular breathing and heart rate, __(12)__ and increased
brain temperature. Most of the muscles are relaxed. There are various jerky movement of the body
and face, including short burst of rapid eye movement, which indicate, that we are dreaming. Thus,
we spend the night alternating between these two vital ‗restoration jobs‘, working on the brain and
working on the body.
10. The option that best completes (10) is ….
A. structure
D. types
B. feature
E. mechanism
C. division
11. The option that best completes (11) is ….
A. heart rate
B. heart ache
C. heart temperature
D. heart condition
E. heart type
TEXT 3
12. The option that best completes (12) is ….
A. the blood supply to the brain is
increasing
B. increased blood supply to the brain
C. the brain supplies the blood increasingly
D. increasingly supply the blood to the
brain
E. the supply of blood to the brain is
increasing
If you want to farm green, two decisions about how to grow your crops are likely to have the
biggest impact on achieving your goal-how much tillage you use and how well you manage
nitrogen.
Although there probably are hundreds or thousands of other decisions, practices and technologies
that can contribute to a green farming system, these two factors alone can come close to eliminating
your cropping system‘s global warming footprint. At the same time, you will also reduce your
operation‘s impact on soil and water erosion, as well as surface and groundwater degradation from
fertilizers and other agricultural inputs. You may also be able to turn this environmental
stewardship into extra cash by selling carbon credits associated with no-till.
This surprising finding – that intensive crop production practices in use today can be nearly carbon
neutral – is emerging from research on both greenhouse gas production and greenhouse gas capture
associated with production on annual crops. The research shows that basic crop management
decisions to reduce tillage and use nitrogen more efficiently can cut a farming operation‘s impact on
global warming gases by 90% or more. In a best case scenario, which would include no-till, these
everyday practices come close to zeroing out a farming operation‘s greenhouse gas footprint.
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13. Which of the following is irrelevant with
the idea of the impact of global warming
caused by conventional farming?
A. decreasing tillage
B. doing green farming
C. relying on nitrogen-rich fertilizer
D. relying on eco-friendly farming method
E. avoiding using groundwater chemical
pollutant
14. The author holds the assumption that tillage
use and nitrogen management can help
farmers….
A. reduce greenhouse gas production
B. release carbon to the atmosphere
C. increase sharply financial benefits
D. use fertilizers more effectively
E. decrease operational cost
15. The author purpose in writing the text is to
….
A. propose an innovative approach to green
farming
TEXT 4
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B. expose the importance of a simple green
farming
C. describe eco-friendly strategies of crops
production
D. inform the fact of green farming and
global warming
E. argue on the importance of tillage and
nitrogen control
16. What is the relation between paragraph 3
and the previous paragraphs?
A. Paragraph 2 provides facts for paragraph
3
B. Paragraph 2 provides detail for
paragraph 3
C. Paragraph 3 provides examples for
paragraph 2
D. Paragraph 3 provides academic support
for paragraph 2.
E. Paragraph 1 and paragraph 2 support
strongly paragraph 3.
While Srivijayan power faded, the Indian Ocean routes between Southeast Asia and the Middle East
grew even more important between 1000 and 1500, becoming the heart of an extensive trade
network. The trading system linked China, Japan, Vietnam, and Cambodia in the east through
Malaya and the Indonesian archipelago to India and Sri Lanka, and then connected westward to
Persia, Arabia, Egypt, the East African coast as far south as Mozambique, and to the eastern and
central Mediterranean. Over these routes the spices of Indonesia and East Africa, the gold and tin of
Malaya and Sumatra, the textiles, sugar, and cotton of India, the cinnamon and ivory of Ceylon, the
gold of Zimbabwe, the carpets of Persia, and the silks, porcelain, and tea of China traveled to
distant markets. Many of these products reached Europe, sparking interest there in reaching the
sources of the richest of the East.
Like the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean developed a spatial unity. No particular state dominated
the trading route. The dynamism depended on cosmopolitan port cities like Hormuz on the Persian
coast, Kilwa in present-day Tanzania, Cambay in northwest India, Calicut on India‘s southwest
coast, Guangzhou in southeastern China, and the ports along the Straits of Melaka. These trading
ports became vibrant, cosmopolitan centers of international commerce and culture with
multinational populations.
Trade networks helped foster the expansion of Islam and the rise of Melaka. Sunni Islam spread
widely in the Southeast Asian archipelago from the thirteenth through sixteenth centuries. A
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common Islamic faith and trade connections linked societies as far apart as Morocco and Indonesia.
Islamic culture was a globalizing force, dominating huge sections of Africa and Eurasia. By the
fourteenth century Islam was well established in northern Sumatra. Some Hindu-Buddhist rulers of
coastal states in the Malay Peninsula and Indonesian islands, anxious to attract the Muslim Arab
and Indian traders who dominated interregional maritime commerce and attracted by the
cosmopolitan universality of Islam, adopted the new faith.
17. What does the paragraph preceding the
passage probably discuss?
A. Why the Indian Ocean routes were
important for international trade.
B. The Indian Ocean trade routes before
the decline of Srivijaya.
C. The decline and fall of Srivijaya.
D. Other trade routes between Southeast
Asia and the Middle East.
E. The role of Srivijaya in promoting the
later growth of the Indian Ocean trade
routes.
18. Paragraph 1 and 3 mention different
impacts of the flourishing Indian Ocean
trade routes, in that the former …
A. deals with Asia as a whole, the latter
with Southeast Asia specifically.
B. relates to the onset of European
colonialism, the latter to the spread of
Islam.
C. refers to trade commodities, the latter to
the growth of Islam.
D. speaks about the types of trade ships,
the latter about the expansion of coastal
kingdoms.
E. is associated with the main trade ports,
the latter with the fall of HinduBuddhist rulers.
19. From paragraph 2, in can be said that
Tanzania …
A. has been an independent state since the
eleventh century.
B. had large yet less important port cities.
C. was comparable in power to other
ancient Islamic states like Persia and
Melaka.
D. was located on the Mediterranean coast.
E. once had a prominent port city.
20. The author uses the term ‗spatial unity‘ in
paragraph 2 to demonstrate …
A. the absence of states.
B. the similarity between the Indian Ocean
and the Mediterranean.
C. equal opportunity among states to travel
the trading route.
D. the existence of a trade alliance.
E. monopoly by a single strong state.
21. As suggested in paragraph 3, which of the
following best illustrates the relationship
between Islam and international trade
between the 11th and the 16th centuries?
A. Two planets orbiting the same star.
B. A bike and its wheels.
C. Fire and water.
D. Flowers and bees.
E. A magnet and iron nails.
TEXT 5
According to a study there has been a 39 percent increase in obese teenagers. This is due to many
factors, although upbringing is a predominant influence. With two obese parents there is an 80
percent chance that a teen will be obese; with one parent, 40 percent; and with lean parents only a
10 percent chance.
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Weight management is about long-term work with success that will last a lifetime. People who lose
weight quickly by ―crash‖ dieting or other extreme measures usually gain it all back or gain even
more of pounds they lost because they haven‘t changed their eating habits. The best weight
management strategies are those that you can maintain.
It‘s amazing how many extra calories are in sodas, juices and other drinks. Cutting out soda
completely can save you 360 calories or more each day. Avoid diet soda too, because the artificial
sweeteners tend to make some people hungry. Drink a lot of water. Switching from whole to non-fat
or low-fat milk, soy milk or other sugar-free beverages is also good idea.
You may find that you don‘t need to give up calories as much as you need to get off your behind.
Try a variety of activities, such as hiking, cycling or rowing until you find one you like. Even the
smallest lifestyle changes like walking to school or jogging up and down the stairs a couple of times
before your morning shower can really make a difference. Your goal should be to work up to 30
minutes of aerobic exercise at least 3 to 5 times a week, but it‘s fine to start out by simply taking a
few turns around the block before bed.
Lots of teens eat when they‘re bored. Lonely or stressed, or keep eating long after they‘re full
simply out of habit. It takes about 20 minutes for your brain to recognize how much is in your
stomach, so if you slow down, it will prevent you from eating more than you need. Take a break
before refilling your plate for seconds, and avoid eating when you feel upset or bored.
Don‘t tell yourself you‘ll ―never‖ eat your absolute favorite peanut butter chocolate ice cream or a
bag of potato chips. Making these foods forbidden is sure to make you want them even more.
Besides, you need to have some fat in your diet to stay healthy, so giving up all fatty foods all the
time isn‘t a good idea anyway. Being healthy is really about being at the right weight for you.
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22. The best title of the above passage is
….
A. Losing Weight and Health
B. Bad Eating Habit
C. Tips for Healthy Life
D. The Benefit of Exercise
E. Stress in Young People
23. All of the following are recommended
to stay slim except ….
A. avoiding drinking soda
B. doing some exercise
C. reducing up all fatty foods
D. leading a leisure life
E. avoiding getting bored
24. The topic of the paragraph preceding
the passage could be about ….
A. the myths of diet food
B. the definition of obesity
C. how to avoid obesity
D. why people get fat
E. the right calorie intake
25. The most likely cause for a person to
be obese is ….
A. upbringing
B. eating habits
C. calories
D. stress
E. lack of exercise
26. ―… refilling your plate for seconds,
…‖
The word seconds in paragraph 5
means ….
A. a short while
B. fatty food
C. another serving
D. spontaneous offer
E. excessive meal
TEXT 6
Have you ever had the desire to wander the world and see what was out there? While some
people prefer to stay in the comfort of their own home, other have been bitten by travel bug
and can‘t wait to explore the world. Exotic places call to them. ―Come visit me and I will
show you my mysteries,‖ they say.
Every year millions of people pack their suitcases or put on backpacks and flock to visit the
seven continents of the world. They wander through the castles and museums of Europe, and
the cities and natural wonders of North and South of America. Some visit the vast exotic
cultures of Asia Africa and the Middle East. The great outback of Australia is a wonderland
for those who go there. And a few lucky people even make it to the most mysterious
continent on it—Antarctica.
Why do people want to explore the world? It gives them a better perspective about the earth
and the people living on it. It opens their minds, it gives them feeling of accomplishment, and
it makes them feel alive. So save some money, get your passport ready, and see the world. It
will change your life forever.
C. adventurous people
D. world exploration
27. The topic discussed in the passage is
E. the effect of a bug bite
about …
A. around the world travelling
B. tourist destinations world-wide
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28. It is most unlikely for people bitten by
travel bug to visit a place such as ….
A. the Borobudur temple
B. the ancient Inca ruins
C. the Great Wall of China
D. the Taj mahal of India
E. a shopping arcade
29. ―To be bitten by the travel bug‖ means
that ….
A. you like to open your mind
B. you like to travel around the world
C. you like to see unique cultures
D. you like to stay home
E. you like to collect bugs
30. According to the passage the following
sentences are correct EXCEPT ….
A. not all people like travelling
B. no one has been to Antarctica
C. travellers see both unique place and
culture
D. travelling can make people‘s lives
more meaningful
E. the countries visited are spread in
seven continents
31. From the passage we may conclude that
…
A. travelling around the world cost a lot
of money
B. travelling helps people see things in a
new way
C. to feel satisfied, people have to see
the seven continents
D. travelling around the world is a
mysterious experience
E. many people are attracted to see new
cultures in distant place
TEXT 6
No one doubts that the words we write or speak an expression of our inner thoughts and
personalities. But beyond the meaningful content of language, a wealth of unique insights
into an author‘s mind are hidden in the style of the text—in such elements as how often
certain word categories are used, regardless of context . When people try to present
themselves a certain way, they tend to select what they think are appropriate nouns and verbs,
but they are unlikely to control their use of articles and pronouns. These small words create
the style of a text, which is less subject to conscious manipulation.
Social psychologist James W. Pennebaker of the University of Trans of Austin Pennebaker
developed a computer program that analyzes text, called Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count
(LIWC, pronounced ―Luke‖). The software has been used to examine other speech
characteristics as well, tallying up nouns and verbs in hundreds of categories to expose buried
patterns.
Most recently, Pennebaker and his colleagues used LIWC to analyze the candidates‘ speeches
and interviews during last fall‘s presidential election. The software counts how many times a
speaker or author uses words in specific categories, such as emotion or perception, and words
that indicate complex cognitive processes. It also tallies up so called function words such as
pronouns, articles, numerals and conjunctions. Within each of these major categories are
subsets: Are there more mentions of sad or happy emotions? Does the speaker prefer ―I‖ and
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―me‖ to ―us‖ and ―we‖? LIWC answers these quantitative questions; psychologists must then
figure out what the numbers mean. Before LIWC was developed in the mid-1990‘s, years of
psychological research in which people counted words by hand established robust connection
between word usage and psychological states or character traits.
The political candidates, for example, showed clear differences in their speaking styles. John
McCain tended to speak directly and personally to his constituency, using a vocabulary that
was both emotionally loaded and impulsive. Barack Obama, in contrast, made frequent use of
casual relationships, which indicated more complex thought processes. He also tended to be
vaguer than his republican rival.
32. An appropriate title for the passage is
….
A. Linguistic Analysis Program: A New
Invention
B. Psychological Analysis in US
Presidents‘ Speeches
C. How the Use of Articles and
Pronouns Reveals Our Characters
D. What Your Choice of Words Says
about Your Personality
E. Low-level Words that Give Clues to
Large Scale Behavior
33. According to the passage, how does
LIWC
help
analyze
president
candidates‘ speeches?
A. It does quantitative analysis, which
was later used by psychologist
B. It helps the psychologist reveal the
candidates‘ hidden motives
C. It make analysis of nouns and verbs
used by the candidates during their
speeches
D. It counts how many in appropriate
words are used by the candidates
E. It provides psychological research on
the connection of word usage and
people‘s personality
34. Which of the following words would be
able to be used to tell about our
personality?
A. Provide
B. Examination
C. The
D. Analysis
E. Test
35. The word robust in paragraph 3 can be
best replaced by ….
A. definite
B. vigorous
C. frail
D. strong
E. slight
36. Which of the following statements about
LIWC is FALSE?
A. The
software
cannot
detect
unconscious use of words
B. The software is able to count certain
words and analyze the numbers
C. By using LIWC, we learn about the
characteristics of the US presidential
candidates
D. LIWC‘s result confirms that people‘s
characters affect their word usage
E. The software works on the basis of
the psychologists‘ analysis design
TEXT 7
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Eating slowly could help you win the battle of the bulge. A study of more than 3000
Japanese adults___[37]___found that those who eat their meals quickly were about
twice to be obese as their slow-munching counterpart.
People who are quickly and who ate until they were full were three times more likely
to be obese. The research___[38]___that people tend to consume more calories when
they eat quickly, also that eating quickly is linked to obesity regardless of how many
calories are eaten. Dr. Elizabeth Denney-Wilson, an obesity expert from the
university of New South Wales says research suggests people can learn to eat more
slowly and___[39]___their internal cues for fullness. She adds that while it is not
known what drives us to eat quickly behavior such as eating while distracted and
eating fast food in hurry may be to blame.
Setting aside meal times and chatting between bites can help slow the rate of eating
and allow your body to send fullness signals___[40]___you‘ve over eaten.
37. The best word or phrase that
completes (37) is ….
A. the British Medical Journal was
published in
B. published in the British Medical
Journal
C. which published it in the British
Medical Journal
D. was published in the British
Medical Journal
E. the British Medical Journal was
published
38. The best word or phrase that
completes (38) is ….
A. whose previous evidence supports
B. that supports previous evidence
C. supports previous evidence
D. that previous evidence supports
E. supporting previous evidence
39. The best word or phrase that
completes (39) is ….
A. be recognizing
B. recognized
C. recognize
D. recognizes
E. recognizing
40. The best word or phrase that
completes (40) is ….
A. after
B. since
C. if only
D. before
E. although
SOLUSI
1. Jawaban C
Penjelasan tentang full time employment tersebut dapat kita lihat pada kalimat pertama
paragraf ke 2 : “The customary definition of the full-time U.S. unemployment rate is the
lowest rate of unemployment that can be attained without resulting in an accelerated
rate of inflation, given the existing economic conditions.”
2. Jawaban B
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Opsi A, D, dan E berdasar pada paragraf terakhir. Opsi C dinyatakan secara tersirat dari
keseluruhan pargraf, sementara opsi B yang dimentahkan oleh dua kalimat terakhir pada
paragraf 1. Maka jawaban yang paling tepat adalah opsi B
3. Jawaban B
Penulis secara jelas dinyatakan meneliti tentang masalah pengangguran dan memiliki
pengetahuan yang luas tentang trend sejarah tentang pengangguran dan juga matematika.
Oleh karenanya, dapat kita duga ia adalah seorang ahli ekonomi.
4. Jawaban E
Penulis menyatakan “One thing is certain: it cannot be zero or even close to zero.” Yang
artinya, Satu hal yang pasti: ia tidak bisa menjadi nol atau mendekati nol. Jadi menurut
penulis, pengangguran pada titik nol adalah sesuatu yang tidak mungkin terjadi.
5. Jawaban C
Paragraf ke dua menyajikan sebuah isu tentang data-data tentang tingkat pengangguran
yang terjadi beberapa tahun belakangan namun paragraf ke tiga menjelaskan tentang
mengapa hal ini, the composition of the labor force had changed, harus dilakukan. Oleh
karenanya dapat kita ketahui bahwa tujuan dari paragraf ke 3 adalah memberikan bukti
untuk sebuah pernyataan yang dibuat pada paragraf ke 2.
6. Jawaban E
Ke tiga hal tersebut dapat kita simpulkan dari paragraf terakhir dari teks tersebut.
Pertanyaan ini sebenarnya menanyakan tentang apakah akibat dari perubahan demogafis
yang dijelaskan pada teks tersebut.
7. Jawaban A
Pertanyaan pada opsi A dibahas pada paragraf pertama dari teks tersebut. Sedang
pertanyaan yang lain hanya berdasarkan informasi yang ada di dalam teks, namun tidak
satupun dapat dijawab dengan teks tersebut.
8. Jawaban C
Type: Tone
Dengan menyatakan “… it cannot be zero or even close to zero.” Penulis dengan jelas
tidak mempercayai bahwa zero unemployement itu akan terjadi dan membuat dugaandugaan yang lucu dengan menyatakan bahwa, “A zero unemployment rate would mean
that no one ever entered or re-entered the labor force, that no one ever quit a job or was
laid off, and that for new entrants or re-entrants, the process of searching for a job
consumed no time.” Oleh karenanya, Suspicious / Curiga adalah emosi yang tepat untuk
menggambarkan kecenderungan penulis terhadap teks tersebut.
9. Jawaban A
Paragraf ke dua menggambarkan apa dan bagaimanakah full-time unemployment
tersebut. Hal tersebut telah berubah seiring berjalannya waktu karena banyak faktor dan
pendapat.
10. Jawaban: E
Makna kalimat soal: Pada kenyataannya, kita menghabiskan malam bergantian antara
dua jenis tidur, masing-masing dengan mekanisma (mechanism) otak dan tujuan yang
berbeda.
11. Jawaban: A
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Makna lanjutan kalimat soal adalah: Pernapasan atau tekanan jantung (heart rate) teratur.
12. Jawaban: B
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat soal perlu dilengkapi dengan: Tidur
paradoks (aktif) ditandai dengan pernafasan dan detak jantung yang tidak teratur,
pasokan darah ke otak yang meningkat (increased blood supply to the brain) dan suhu
otak yang meningkat.
13. Jawaban: C
Berdasarkan keseluruhan wacana soal nampak jelas bahwa pernyataan yang tidak relevan
dengan gagasan dampak pemanasan global yang disebabkan oleh pertanian konvensional
adalah: bergantung pada pupuk yang kaya dengan nitrogen (relying on nitrogen-rich
fertilizer).
14. Jawaban: A
Asumsi yang dapat ditarik dari keseluruhan wacana soal adalah penulis yakin bahwa
penggunaan tanah dan manajemen nitrogen dapat membantu petani mengurangi produksi
gas rumah kaca (reduce greenhouse gas production).
15. Jawaban: A
Berdasarkan isi keseluruhan wacana soal yang membahas inovasi di bidang pertanian,
dapat disimpulkan bahwa tujuan penulis memaparkan wacana soal adalah untuk
mengajukan pendekatan yang inovatif terhadap pertanian ramah lingkungan (propose an
innovative approach to green farming).
16. Jawaban: D
Dalam memaparkan wacana soal, penulis menyajikan dukungan akademik–dengan
dipaparkannya hasil penelitian–terhadap informasi yang dipaparkan di paragraf ke-2.
17. Jawaban: B
“While Srivijayan power faded, the Indian Ocean routes between Southeast Asia and the
Middle East grew even more important between 1000 and 1500, becoming the heart of
an extensive trade network.” Jika dilihat dari kalimat tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan
paragraf sebelumnya kemungkinan akan membicarakan tentang ―The Indian Ocean trade
routes before the decline of Srivijaya.”
CARA JAWAB
Untuk mencari preceding paragraph baca kalimat
pertama.
18. Jawaban: B
“Many of these products reached Europe, sparking interest there in reaching the sources
of the richest of the East.” (paragraph 1)
“Trade networks helped foster the expansion of Islam and the rise of Melaka.”
(paragraph 3)
Berdasarkan ke dua fakta dari ke dua paragraph tersebut, maka jawaban yang paling
memungkinkan adalah ―relates to the onset of European colonialism, the latter to the
spread of Islam”
19. Jawaban: E
“The dynamism depended on cosmopolitan port cities like Hormuz on the Persian
coast, Kilwa in present-day Tanzania, Cambay in northwest India, Calicut on India’s
southwest coast, Guangzhou in southeastern China, and the ports along the Straits of
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Melaka. These trading ports became vibrant, cosmopolitan centers of international
commerce and culture with multinational po pulations.” Dari kutipan paragraf tersebut
dapat ditarik sebuah informasi tersirat bahwa Tanzania dahulunya Kilwa yang memiliki
pelabuahan kosmopolitan yang salah satu contohnya adalah Hormuz, yang pada ahir
kutipan ini juga ditegaskan bahwa pelabuhan-pelabuhan ini adalah pelabuhan yang
menjadi pusat perdagangan internasional.
CARA JAWAB
Unstated detail question
20. Jawaban: C
“Like the Mediterranean, the Indian Ocean developed a spatial unity. No particular state
dominated the trading route.‖ Dari informasi yang disajikan pada kalimat tersebut, kita
dapat ketahui bahwa penulis menggunakan istilah ―spatial unity” untuk menggambarkan
bahwa tidak ada negara tertentu yang mendominasi rute perdagangan ―No particular
state dominated the trading route.‖ Jadi jawaban yang paling tepat adalah“Equal
opportunity among states to travel the trading route.”
21. Jawaban: D
“Trade networks helped foster the expansion of Islam and the rise of Melaka.” Dari
informasi yang terdapat pada kalimat tersebut dapat kita tarik kesimpulan bahwa
hubungan antara Islam dan Jaringan Perdagangan adalah hubungan yang saling
menguntungkan yang senada dengan ilustrasi hubungan antara bunga dan lebah (Flowers
and bees).
22. Jawaban: A
Secara keseluruhan, wacana soal penulis bertujuan untuk menjelaskaan konsep
menurunkan berat badan (Losing Weight and Health).
23. Jawaban: D
“Try a variety of activities, such as hiking, cycling or rowing until you find one you
like.” Kalimat ini menyatakan tentang ―mencoba aktivitas yang bermacam-macam agar
biasa menurunkan berat badan yang justru berlawanan dengan pernyataan yang ada pada
opsi D
“leading a leisure life”(Hidup dengan banyak waktu luang).
24. Jawaban: B
“According to a study there has been a 39 percent increase in obese teenagers.‖ Jika
dilihat dari kalimat tersebut maka dapat disimpulkan paragraf sebelumnya kemungkinan
akan membicarakan tentang. “ the definition of obesity”
CARA JAWAB
Untuk mencari preceding paragraph baca kalimat
pertama.
25. Jawaban: A
“According to a study there has been a 39 percent increase in obese teenagers. This is
due to many factors, although upbringing is a predominant influence. ” Dari kalimat
tersebut kita bisa ketahui bahwa penyebab utama dari obesitas adalah keturunan atau
(upbringing).
CARA JAWAB
(Stated Detai Question) Baca keyword dari
pertanyaan kemudian temukan keyword dalam text.
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26. Jawaban: C
“…..so if you slow down, it will prevent you from eating more than you need. Take a
break before refilling your plate for seconds, and avoid eating when you feel upset or
bored.” Pada kelimat bercetak miring tersebut, kata “Second” berdasarkan konteks berarti
yang ke dua / selanjutnya, yang memiliki arti yang sangat dekat dengan kata “another
serving.”
CARA JAWAB
Baca konteks kalimat untuk menemukan makna
terdekat
27. Jawaban: C
Secara keseluruhan, wacana soal penulis bertujuan untuk menjelaskaan konsep tentang
orang – orang yang berjiwa petualang (adventurous people).
28. Jawaban: E
Seorang yang tergolong sebagai orang berjiwa petualang akan berkeinginan
mengunjungi tempat – tempat yang ada pilihan jawaban kecuali “shopping arcade” atau
tempat perbelanjaan.
29. Jawaban: B
“……other have been bitten by travel bug and can’t wait to explore the world.” Dari
kalimat tersebut bisa kita dapatkan informasi bahwa ―have been bitten by travel bug”
bermakna seseorang yang sudah tak sabar untuk mengeksplorasi dunia, jadi jawaban
yang paling tepat adalah “you like to travel around the world.”
30. Jawaban: B
“And a few lucky people even make it to the most mysterious continent on it—
Antarctica.” Dari kalimat tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa bahkan beberapa orang yang
beruntung sudah pernah berkunjung ke benua paling misterius yaitu Antartika. Jadi opsi
D (no one has been to Antarctica) berlawanan dengan dengan pernyataan pada kalimat
tersebut.
31. Jawaban: B
Why do people want to explore the world? It gives them a better perspective about the
earth and the people living on it. It opens their minds, it gives them feeling of
accomplishment, and it makes them feel alive. Dari kalimat – kalimat yang terdapat pada
paragraph terahir tersebut, bisa ditarik kesimpulan bahwa traveling memberikan mereka
pandangan yang lebih baik tentang bumi dan orang yang mendiaminya. Maka,
kesimpulan yang paling sesuai adalah
(travelling helps people see things in a new way)
32. Jawaban: A
Secara keseluruhan, wacana soal penulis bertujuan untuk menjelaskaan konsep tentang
sebuah penemuan baru tentang program analisis linguistik (Linguistic Analysis Program:
A New Invention).
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33. Jawaban: B
“Most recently, Pennebaker and his colleagues used LIWC to analyze the candidates’
speeches and interviews during last fall’s presidential election. The software counts how
many times a speaker or author uses words in specific categories, such as emotion or
perception, and words that indicate complex cognitive processes.”
It helps the psychologist reveal the candidates‘ hidden motives
34. Jawaban: D
“The software counts how many times a speaker or author uses words in specific
categories, such as emotion or perception, and words that indicate complex cognitive
processes. It also tallies up so called function words such as pronouns, articles,
numerals and conjunctions. Within each of these major categories are subsets: Are there
more mentions of sad or happy emotions? Does the speaker prefer “I” and “me” to
“us” and “we”? LIWC answers these quantitative questions; psychologists must then
figure out what the numbers mean .”
Berdasarkan paragraf tersebut kita dapat ketahui bahwa LIWC membantu menghitung
penggunaan kata – kata pada kategori tertentu secara kuantitatif yang kemudian
dijadikan bahan pertimbangan bagi psikolog untuk diterjemahkan.
35. Jawaban: B
“….. years of psychological research in which people counted words by hand established
robust connection between word usage and psychological states or character traits.”
Pada kelimat bercetak miring tersebut, kata “robust” berdasarkan konteks berarti kuat, yang
memiliki arti yang sangat dekat dengan kata “vigorous.”
36. Jawaban: A
“When people try to present themselves a certain way, they tend to select what they think
are appropriate nouns and verbs, but they are unlikely to control their use of articles and
pronouns. These small words create the style of a text, which is less subject to conscious
ma nipulation.” Berdasarkan alasan pada kalimat tersubutlah sebuah alat yang bernama
LIWC diciptakan. Maka jawaban yang tidak sesuai adalah “The software cannot detect
unconscious use of words.”
37. Jawaban: E
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat soal perlu dilengkapi dengan:
published in the British Medical Journal ( yang dipublikasikan di British Medical
Journal). Sedangkan opsi lain tidak padu jika ditambahkan untuk melengkapi kalimat
tersebut.
38. Jawaban: B
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat “The research___[38]___that people
tend to consume more calories when they eat quickly.” (Penelitian _________ bahwa
orang yang cenderung mengkonsumsi lebih banyak kalori ketika makan dengan cepat)
perlu dilengkapi dengan: ―supports previous evidence” (mendukung bukti sebelumnya).
Sedangkan opsi lain tidak padu jika ditambahkan untuk melengkapi kalimat tersebut.
39. Jawaban: C
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat “people can learn to eat more slowly
and___[39]___their internal……” harus dilengkapi dengan kata kerja yang parallel
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dengan kata kerja ―learn‖ karna diantara ke duanya terdapat kata penghubung ―and‖ yang
mengharuskan ke dua kata tersebut berkedudukan sama satu sama lain. Untuk itu, kata
kerja ―recognize‖ adalah kata yang paling tempat untuk melengkapi kalimat rumpang
tersebut.
40. Jawaban: B
Untuk membentuk kalimat soal yang padu, kalimat ―allow your body to send fullness
signals___[40]___you’ve over eaten” (mendorong tubuhmu untuk mengirimkan signal
kenyang ___________ sebelum kamu makan terlalu banyak) perlu dilengkapi dengan:
before (sebelum). Sedangkan opsi lain tidak padu jika ditambahkan untuk melengkapi
kalimat tersebut.
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