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SKRIPSI
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN UNTUK MENENTUKAN ANAK
PENDERITA AUTIS BERBASIS EXPERT SYSTEM DENGAN METODE
Oleh:
JOHAN SUPRIYANTO
2010-51-162
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS
20115
SKRIPSI
SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN UNTUK MENENTUKAN ANAK
PENDERITA AUTIS BERBASIS EXPERT SYSTEM DENGAN METODE
Oleh:
JOHAN SUPRIYANTO
2010-51-162
PROGRAM STUDI TEKNIK INFORMATIKA
FAKULTAS TEKNIK
UNIVERSITAS MURIA KUDUS
2015
ABSTRACT
Autism is a disorder that begins and experienced in childhood, which makes him unable to form social relationships or communications are normal, the child consequently isolated from other humans. The development is impaired, especially in communication, social interaction and behavior. But the problem that arises is how to determine a child with autism or not, as well as the optimal way of handling. Along with the advancement of technology today, there are various problems that can be solved by utilizing one of them by building a decision support system application to determine the autistic children based Expert System with Simple Additive Weighting Method (SAW). The criteria include symptoms of autism in children with autism. From the test results, obtained percentage of symptoms between 0% - 13% were normal, 14% - 42% of the result mild autism, 43% - 71% was the result of autism, 72% - 100% the result is severe autism. Keywords: Autism, Simple Additive weighting, the decision, Expert System
ABSTRAK
Autis merupakan gangguan yang dimulai dan dialami pada masa anak-anak, yang membuat dirinya tidak dapat membentuk hubungan sosial atau komunikasi yang normal, akibatnya anak tersebut terisolasi dari manusia lain. Perkembangan yang terganggu terutama dalam komunikasi, interaksi sosial dan perilaku. Namun permasalahan yang muncul adalah bagaimana cara mengetahui anak penderita autis atau tidak, begitu juga cara penanganannya yang optimal. Seiring dengan kemajuan teknologi saat ini, berbagai permasalahan yang ada dapat diselesaikan dengan memanfaatkan teknologi salah satunya dengan membangun aplikasi sistem pendukung keputusan untuk menentukan anak penderita autis berbasis Expert System dengan Metode Simple Additive Weighting (SAW). Adapun kriteria-kriteria autis meliputi gejala yang muncul pada anak penderita autis. Dari hasil pengujian, diperoleh prosentase gejala antara 0% - 13% hasilnya normal, 14% - 42% hasilnya autis ringan, 43% - 71% hasilnya autis sedang, 72% - 100% hasilnya autis berat. Kata kunci: Autis, Simple Additive Weighting, Keputusan, Expert System
Skripsi dengan judul “SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN UNTUK MENENTUKAN ANAK PENDERITA AUTIS BERBASIS EXPERT SYSTEM DENGAN METODE SIMPLE ADDITIVE WEIGHTING (SAW)
” ini dapat penulis selesaikan sesuai rencana karena dukungan dari berbagai pihak yang tidak ternilai besarnya. Oleh karena itu penulis menyampaikan terimakasih kepada: 1.
Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang telah memberikan pimpinan dalam hidupku.
2. Bapak Dr. Suparyono, SH, MH, selaku Rektor Universitas Muria Kudus.
3. Bapak Rohmad Winarso, ST, MT, selaku Dekan Fakultas Teknik Informatika Universitas Muria Kudus.
4. Bapak Ahmad Jazuli, S.Kom, M.Kom, selaku Ketua Progdi Studi Teknik Informatika Universitas Muria Kudus.
5. Ibu Rina Fiati , ST, M.Cs selaku pembimbing Skripsi pertama penulis.
6. Bapak Ahmad jazuli, S.Kom, M.Kom, selaku pembimbing Skripsi ke dua penulis.
7. Semua pihak yang tidak bisa disebutkan satu persatu.
Semoga beliau-beliau di atas mendapatkan imbalan yang lebih besar dari Tuhan Yang Maha Kuasa melebihi apa yang beliau-beliau berikan kepada penulis.
Kudus, 5 Februari 2015 Penulis
DAFTAR ISI
Halaman PENGESAHAN STATUS SKRIPSI ....................................................................... iii PERNYATAAN PENULIS .................................................................................... iv PERSETUJUAN SKRIPSI .......................................................................................v PENGESAHAN SKRIPSI ...................................................................................... vi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN ....................................................................................1
1.1 Latar Belakang .................................................................................1
1.2 Batasan Masalah ..............................................................................2
1.3 Rumusan Masalah ............................................................................2
1.4 Tujuan Penelitian .............................................................................2
1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ...........................................................................2
BAB II LANDASAN TEORI ................................................................................5
2.1 Penelitian Terkait .............................................................................5
2.2 Landasan Teori ................................................................................6
2.2.1 Pengertian Autis ...................................................................6
2.2.2 Pengertian Sistem Pendukung Keputusan (SPK) ...................7
2.2.3 Metode SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) ........................ 10
2.2.4 Expert System ..................................................................... 10
2.2.5 Flow of Document .............................................................. 11
2.2.6 Context Diagram ................................................................ 14
2.2.7 Decomposition ................................................................... 15
2.2.8 Data Flow Diagram............................................................ 15
Halaman
4.3. Diagram atau Arsitektur SPK ......................................................... 30
4.10. Perancangan Database ................................................................... 53 4.10.1.
4.9.4. Data Flow Diagram (DFD) ................................................ 50
4.9.3. Context Diagram ................................................................ 49
4.9.2. Decomposition .................................................................... 48
4.9.1. FOD (Flow of Document) ................................................... 47
4.9. Perancangan dan Pemodalan Sistem ............................................... 47
4.8. Perhitungan Metode Simple Addictive Weighting (SAW) ............... 36
4.7. Diagram SPK ................................................................................. 35
4.6. Pembentukan Aturan (Rule) ........................................................... 35
4.5. Perancangan Pohon Keputusan Diagnosa Gangguan Autisme dan penentuan terapi ...................................................................................... 33
4.4. Analisis Kriteria Anak Penderita Autis ........................................... 30
4.3.2. Data External ...................................................................... 30
4.3.1. Data Internal ....................................................................... 30
4.2. Tujuan dan Pengguna ..................................................................... 29
2.2.9 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) ................................... 16
4.1. Deskripsi Sistem ............................................................................ 29
BAB IV ANALISA DAN PERANCANGAN ....................................................... 29
3.3 Metode Perancangan Sistem .......................................................... 28
3.2 Metode Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ........................................... 27
3.1.2 Sumber Data Sekunder ....................................................... 27
3.1.1 Sumber Data Primer ........................................................... 27
3.1 Metode Pengumpulan Data ............................................................ 27
BAB III METODOLOGI PENELITIAN .............................................................. 27
2.3 Kerangka Teori .............................................................................. 25
2.2.13 PHP (Hypertext Prepocessor) ............................................. 20
2.2.12 Web .................................................................................... 19
2.2.11 Komponen SQL .................................................................. 18
2.2.10 MySQL ............................................................................... 18
Entity Relationship Diagram .............................................. 53
Halaman
4.10.2. Struktur Tabel ..................................................................... 54
4.10.3. Relasi Tabel ........................................................................ 58
4.11. Desain Input dan Output yang Diusulkan ....................................... 59
4.11.1. Perancangan layout sistem (antarmuka sistem) .................... 59
4.11.2. Perancangan Form Input ..................................................... 60
4.11.3. Perancangan Form Output .................................................. 65
BAB V PEMBAHASAN DAN IMPLEMENTASI .............................................. 67
5.1. Kebutuhan Implementasi ............................................................... 67
5.1.1. Analisa Kebutuhan Sistem .................................................. 67
5.1.2. Kebutuhan Perangkat Keras (Hardware) ............................. 67
5.1.3. Kebutuhan Perangkat Lunak (Software).............................. 68
5.1.4. Kebutuhan Sumber Daya Manusia (Brainware) .................. 68
5.2. Halaman Utama Sistem .................................................................. 68
5.3. Menu-menu yang ada pada halaman utama .................................... 69
5.4. Halaman Admin ............................................................................. 70
5.5. Halaman Kriteria ........................................................................... 71
5.6. Halaman Sub Kriteria .................................................................... 72
5.7. Halaman Jenis Gangguan ............................................................... 73
5.8. Halaman Terapi ............................................................................. 74
5.9. Halaman Usia ................................................................................ 75
5.10. Halaman Backup ............................................................................ 76
5.11. Halaman Laporan ........................................................................... 76
5.12. Halaman Keamanan Akun ............................................................. 77
5.13. Halaman Menu Terapis .................................................................. 77
5.14. Halaman Data anak ........................................................................ 78
5.15. Halaman Konsultasi ....................................................................... 78
5.16. Laporan Konsultasi ........................................................................ 81
5.17. Halaman Konsultasi Umum ........................................................... 83
5.18. Pengujian Aplikasi ......................................................................... 85
5.18.1. Hasil pengujian untuk proses login ..................................... 85
5.18.2. Hasil pengujian untuk proses Data Anak ............................. 86
Halaman
5.18.3. Hasil pengujian untuk proses Kriteria ................................. 87
5.18.4. Hasil pengujian untuk proses Sub Kriteria .......................... 88
5.18.5. Hasil pengujian untuk proses Usia ...................................... 89
5.18.6. Hasil pengujian untuk proses Jenis Gangguan ..................... 89
5.18.7. Hasil pengujian untuk proses Terapi ................................... 90
5.18.8. Hasil pengujian untuk proses Konsultasi ............................. 90
BAB VI PENUTUP .............................................................................................. 91
6.1. Kesimpulan .................................................................................... 91
6.2. Saran ............................................................................................. 91 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................. 92 LAMPIRAN
DAFTAR TABEL
4.13 Kriteria Tidak Mengengok Bila Dipanggil (Cuek) (C5) ........................ 38 Tabel
4.26 Kriteria Terdapat Gerakan-gerakan Yang Aneh dan Khas (C18) ............ 41 Tabel
4.25 Kriteria Terpaku Pada Suatu Kegiatan Yang Ritualistic (C17) ............... 41 Tabel
4.24 Kriteria Mempertahankan Satu Minat atau Lebih (C16) ......................... 41 Tabel
4.23 Kriteria Cara Bermain Kurang (C15) ..................................................... 40 Tabel
4.22 Kriteria Menggunakan Bahasa Yang Aneh dan Diulang-ulang (C14) ..... 40 Tabel
4.21 Kriteria Bicaranya Tidak Dipakai Untuk Komunikasi (C13) .................. 40 Tabel
4.20 Kriteria Berbicara Terlambat (C12) ....................................................... 40 Tabel
4.19 Kriteria Kurangnya Hubungan Social dan Emosional (C11) .................. 40 Tabel
4.18 Kriteria Tidak Dapat Apa Yang Dirasakan Orang Lain (C10) ................ 39 Tabel
4.17 Kriteria Tidak Bisa Bermain Dengan Teman Sebaya (C9) ..................... 39 Tabel
4.16 Kriteria Bermain Dengan Benda Yang Bukan Mainan (C8) ................... 39 Tabel
4.15 Kriteria Tidak Tertarik Pada Mainan (C7) ............................................. 39 Tabel
4.14 Kriteria Menangis atau Tertawa Tanpa Sebab (C6) ................................ 39 Tabel
4.12 Kriteria Menolak Untuk Dipeluk (C4) ................................................... 38 Tabel
Halaman Tabel
4.11 Kriteria Gerak-Gerik Yang Kurang Tertuju (C3) ................................... 38 Tabel
4.10 Kriteria Ekspresi Muka Kurang Hidup (C2) ........................................... 38 Tabel
4.9 Kriteria Kontak Mata Sangat Kurang (C1) ............................................... 38 Tabel
4.8 Tabel Bobot Kriteria ................................................................................ 37 Tabel
4.7 Tabel Keterangan Pohon Keputusan ........................................................ 35 Tabel
4.6 Tabel Hubungan Antara Jenis Gangguan dan Kriteria .............................. 35 Tabel
4.5 Tabel Terapi Autis ................................................................................... 32 Tabel
4.4 Tabel Gejala Penyakit Autis .................................................................... 31 Tabel
4.3 Jenis Gangguan ....................................................................................... 31 Tabel
4.2 Tabel Tingkatan ...................................................................................... 30 Tabel
4.1 Tabel Usia ............................................................................................... 30 Tabel
2.3 Entity Relationship Diagram (ERD) ........................................................ 16 Tabel
2.2 Context Diagram ..................................................................................... 14 Tabel
2.1 Flow of Document ................................................................................... 11 Tabel
4.27 Kriteria Terpukau Pada Bagian-bagian Benda (C19) .............................. 41
Halaman Tabel
4.40 Tabel Perhitungan SAW ........................................................................ 57 Tabel
5.7 Pengujian black box pada Form Terapi .................................................... 90 Tabel
5.6 Pengujian black box pada Form Jenis Gangguan ..................................... 89 Tabel
5.5 Pengujian black box pada Form Usia ....................................................... 89 Tabel
5.4 Pengujian black box pada Form Sub Kriteria ........................................... 88 Tabel
5.3 Pengujian black box pada Form Kriteria ................................................. 87 Tabel
5.2 Pengujian black box pada Form Data Anak ............................................. 86 Tabel
5.1 Pengujian black box pada Form Login ..................................................... 85 Tabel
4.41 Tabel Hasil Konsultasi ........................................................................... 57 Tabel
4.39 Tabel Konsultasi .................................................................................... 56 Tabel
4.28 Hasil Keptusan ...................................................................................... 41 Tabel 4.29 alternatif di setiap kriteria ...................................................................... 42 Tabel
4.38 Tabel Terapi .......................................................................................... 56 Tabel
4.37 Tabel Jenis gangguan............................................................................. 56 Tabel
4.36 Tabel Usia ............................................................................................. 55 Tabel
4.35 Tabel Sub Kriteria ................................................................................. 55 Tabel
4.34 Tabel Kriteria ........................................................................................ 55 Tabel
4.33 Tabel Anak ............................................................................................ 54 Tabel
4.32 Tabel User ............................................................................................. 54 Tabel
4.31 Tabel Penentuan Terapi ......................................................................... 46 Tabel
4.30 Tabel Penentuan Terapi ......................................................................... 45 Tabel
5.8 Pengujian black box pada Form Konsultasi ............................................. 90
DAFTAR GAMBAR
Halaman
Gambar 2.1 Karakteristik Sistem Pendukung Keputusan ...........................................7Gambar 2.2 Kerangka Teori .................................................................................... 25Gambar 4.1 Pohon Keputusan Autisme Pada Anak .................................................. 34Gambar 4.2 Arsitektur SPK Menentukan Anak Autis Berbasis Expert System ......... 36Gambar 4.3 Flow Of Document Penentuan Autis .................................................... 47Gambar 4.4 Dekomposisi Spk Penentuan Anak Autis .............................................. 48Gambar 4.5 Context Diagram SPK Penentuan Anak Autis ...................................... 49Gambar 4.6 DFD Level 0 SPK Penentuan Anak Autis ............................................ 50Gambar 4.7 DFD Level 1 Pada Proses 8 Konsutasi ................................................. 51Gambar 4.8 DFD Level 1 Pada Proses 10 Konsutasi Umum.................................... 52Gambar 4.9 Entity Relationship Diagram ................................................................ 53Gambar 4.10 Relasi Tabel ....................................................................................... 58Gambar 4.11 Desain Utama .................................................................................... 59Gambar 4.12 Desain Form Konsultasi Umum ......................................................... 59Gambar 4.13 Desain Form Input Kriteria ................................................................ 60Gambar 4.14 Desain Form Input Sub Kriteria ......................................................... 60Gambar 4.15 Form Input Usia ................................................................................. 61Gambar 4.16 Desain Form Input Jenis Gangguan .................................................... 61Gambar 4.17 Desain Form Input Terapi .................................................................. 62Gambar 4.18 Desain Form Input Data Anak ............................................................ 62Gambar 4.19 Desain Form Memilih Data anak untuk Konsultasi ............................ 63Gambar 4.20 Desain Form Menentukan Kriteria ..................................................... 63Gambar 4.21 Desain Form Hasil Konsultasi ............................................................ 64Gambar 4.22 Desain Form Rincian Konsultasi ........................................................ 64Gambar 4.23 Desain Form Output Perangkingan .................................................... 65Gambar 4.24 Desain Form Output Detail ................................................................ 66Gambar 5.1 Halaman Utama ................................................................................... 68Gambar 5.2 Halaman Menu Utama ......................................................................... 69Gambar 5.3 Halaman Menu Admin ......................................................................... 70Gambar 5.4 Halaman Kriteria ................................................................................. 71Halaman