SEMANTIC

SEMANTIC
GROUP 5
Rini Oktiyani
Septiana
Ulfa Asterik
Rizkiyana Nurmareta

Definition of Semantic
Semantic is the study of meaning.

Meaning
Dictionary definition

Many people feel that dictionary
definition of a word more accurately
represents the word’s meaning, If a
word’s meaning is its dictionary
definition, then understanding this
meaning involves understanding the
meanings of the words used in the
definition.

MEANING
Mental image
Words often do seem to conjure up
particular mental images. Reading the
words ‘Mona Lisa’ for example, may well
cause an image of the Mona Lisa appear in
your mind.

MEANING
Meaning and References
One thing worth nothing is that
language is used to talk about things
in the outside world, and many words
seem to refer to actual objects or
relations in the world.

MEANING
Meaning and truth
Who knows a sentence’s

meaning knows the condition
under which it would be true :
they know its truth conditional.

MEANING
Meaning and language use

By specifying the kind of practical
situation which must exist in
order for a speaker to use
particular type of utterence (or
speech act), may fact about the
meaning associated with that
particular speech act type may

Meaning relationship
Synonymy

Synonymy involves two
different forms with the same

meaning

Meaning relationship
Homonymy
Homonymy two different meanings which
share the same form.

Meaning relationship
Antonymy
Antonyms are words which are in
some sense opposite in meaning.

Meaning relationship
Entailment

Entailment: when one meaning
holds, another necessarily holds.

Semantic composition
How meaning are combined to

make larger units.
Adjective + Noun Combination

SEMANTIC STRUCTURE
DEEP STRUCTURE
John met Bill on the corner.
John and Bill talked.
Bill left.
John left.
SURFACE STRUCTURE
John met Bill on the corner. They talked. Bill left.
Then jonh left.
John met Bill on the corner and they talked. Then Bill
left and John did too.
John met Bill on the corner. After they talked. Ball left
and then John left.

SEMANTIC STRUCTURE
SEMANTIC HIERARCHY

Meaning component
morpheme (root and affixes)
Concept
word
Complex concept
(concept cluster)
phrase
Proposition
clause
Propositional sentence
Propositional cluster
paragraph
Semantic paragraph
paragraph
Episode
section
Episode cluster division
Semantic part
part

Discourse text