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2.6.2 The Speech Function Responses
These alternative responses of four basic speech functions can be broadly differentiated as either supporting or confronting:
1. Supporting Responses
Supporting responses enact consensus and agreement. For example, acknowledge a statement, answer a question, acceptance an offer, and
compliance a command, those are supporting moves. 2.
Confronting Responses Confronting responses enact disagreement or non-compliance. For example,
disclaiming a question, contradicting a statement, rejection an offer and refusing a command.
Based on the consideration between speech functions pairs and two responses above, we can summarize Halliday‟s outline 1994:69 of dialogue in
table 2.3.
Table 2.3 Speech Function Pairs and Responses Initiating speech function
Responding speech functions Supporting
Confronting
Offer Acceptance
Rejection Command
Compliance Refusal
Statement Acknowledgement
Contradiction Question
Answer Disclaimer
Source: Halliday 1994:69
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Those eight responding speech functions classes are: 1.
Acceptance The speaker gives the hearer some goods and services and the speaker
inherently inviting the hearer to supporting those responding. Example:
“Ok.”
2. Rejection
The speaker gives the hearer some goods and services and the speaker inherently inviting the hearer to confronting those responding.
Example:
“Sorry, I can’t.”
3. Compliance
The speaker demands the hearer some responding goods and services and the speaker inherently inviting the hearer to supporting those responding.
Example: “Thank”.
4. Refusal
The speaker demands the hearer some responding goods and services and the speaker inherently inviting the hearer to confronting those responding.
Example:
“No, thanks”
5. Acknowledgement
The speaker gives the hearer some information and the speaker inherently inviting the hearer to supporting those responding.
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Example:
“Yeah”.
6. Contradiction
The speaker gives the hearer some information and the speaker inherently inviting the hearer to confronting those responding.
Example:
“No, it’s not”
7. Answer
The speaker demands the hearer some responding information and the speaker inherently inviting the hearer to supporting those responding.
Example:
“Yes.”
8. Disclaimer
The speaker demands the hearer some responding information and the speaker inherently inviting the hearer to confronting those responding.
Example:
“No, not at all.”
2.6.3 The Speech Function and Responding Speech Function
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