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3. ANALYSIS
As the object of this research, the writer has chosen ten selected poems by William Blake. This paper only focus on four types of non literal meaning, they
are simile, metaphor, personification, and hyperbole. In this analysis, I use alphabet for refer to the poem and number for refer to the line of the poems in
next analysis. The data to be analyed can be seen in the appendices : 1
A Poison Tree Data A 2
London Data B 3
Laughing Song Data C 4
The Chimney Sweeper: A Little Black Thing Among The Snow Data D 5
Night Data E 6
The Schoolboy Data F 7
The Sick Rose Data G 8
To The Evening Star Data H 9
Songs of Experience: Introduction Data I 10
Two Sunflowers Move In The Yellow Room Data J The following are the analysis of the data in finding non literal meaning :
3.1 Simile
1 The moon, like a flower E5
This line expresses simile because there is a comparison between the moon and the flower and using the word “like” as a mark of comparison. As we
know the flower is a beautiful things. This line means that moon always seems beautiful.
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2 My bright mane forever shall shine like the gold E47
This line expresses simile because there is a comparison between lion the previous line to the gold. This line makes the lion looks more prestigious
3.2 Metaphor
1 I was angry with my friend A1
This line is classified as metaphor because it compares the anger with his friend
2 I was angry with my foe A3
This line is classified as metaphor becauses it compares the anger with his foe 3
And there the lion’s ruddy eyes E33 This line is classified as metaphor because it compares the lion with ruddy
eyes and makes the lion looks more prestigious 4
Night is worn I13 This line is classified as metaphor because it compares the night with worn.
This line means frightening night is happening.
3.3 Personification
1 How the chimney-sweeper’s cry B9
This line expresses personification because it describes chimney-sweeper as inanimate object which can cry like human being. As we know the chimney
sweeper cannot cry. The mean of chimney sweepers in this line is the children.
2 When the green woods laugh with the voice of joy C1
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This line expresses personification because it describes the word green woods as inanimate object that can laugh like human being. This line show that the
woods in good condition. 3
When the air does laugh with our merry wit C3 This line expresses personification because it describes the word air as
abstract object that can laugh like human being. 4
And the green hill laughs C4 This line expresses personification because it describes the word green hill as
inanimate object that can laugh like human being. It means that the hill full with green and so beautiful.
5 When the meadows laugh with lively green C5
This line expresses personification because it describes the word meadow as inanimate object that can laugh like human being
6 And the grasshopper laughs in the merry scene C6
This line expresses personification because it describes the word grasshopper as inanimate object that can laugh like human being. The grassshopper is very
happy because of good weather. 7
When the painted birds laugh in the shade C9 This line expresses personification because it describes the word painted
birds as inanimate object that can laugh like human being. It means that many birds tweet of each other facing the good weather.
8 Because I was happy upon the heath D5
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This line expresses personification because it describes the chimney sweeper in the previous line can happy like human being.
9 And smil’d among the winter snow D6
This line expresses personification because it describes the chimney sweeper in the previous line can smile like human being.
10 Sits and smiles on the night E8
This line expresses personification because it describes the word moon in the previous line as inanimate object that can sit and smile like human
being. It means that the moon have the bright shine in the night. 11
Farewell, green fields and happy groves E9 This line expresses personification because it describes the word groves as
inanimate object that can happy like human being. 12
When the birds sing on every tree F2 This line expresses personification because it describes the word bird as
inanimate object that can sing like human being 13
And the skylark sings with me F4 This line expresses personification because it describes the word skylark as
inanimate object that can sing like human being. It means that the sky is so bright with blue colour.
14 Sit in a cage and sing ? F17
This line expresses personification because it describes the word bird in the previous line as inanimate object that can sit and sing like human being
15 That flies in the night G33
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This line expresses personification because it describes the word worm in the previous line as inanimate object that can fly in the night. It means that
the worm which thrown away to the flower. 16
Now, whilst the sun rests on the mountains, light H2 This line expresses personification because it describes the word sun as
inanimate object that can rest like human being. It means that the sun is shining on the mountains on the daylight.
17 On every flower that shuts its sweet eyes H7
This line expresses personification because it describes the word flower as inanimate object that can shut its eyes like human being. It means that the
flower still bud. 18
In timely sleep, let thy west wing sleep on H8 This line expresses personification because it describes the word west wing
as inanimate object that can sleep on like human being. 19
The lake, speak silence with thy glimmering eyes H9 This line expresses personification because it describes the word lake
as inanimate object that can speak silence like human being. It means that the lake looked sparkling view because of the reflection of the
sunshine. 20
Ah William, we’re weary of weather, said the sunflowers, shining with dew J1-2
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This line expresses personification because it describes the word sunflowers as inanimate object that can weary of weather like human being. It means
that the flower can not survive in the light of the sun. 21
They arranged themselves at the window J5 This line expresses personification because it describes the word sunflowers
in the previous line as inanimate object that can arranged themselves like human being. It means that the flowers try to avoid of the sunlight.
22 And counted the steps of the sun J6
This line expresses personification because it describes the word sunflowers in the previous line as inanimate object that can count steps of the sun like
human being. 23
And they both took root in the carpet J7 This line expresses personification because it describes the word sunflowers
in the previous line as inanimate object that can take the root in the carpet like human being
24 Where the topaz tortoises run J8
This line expresses personification because it describes the word topaz in the previous line as inanimate object that can run like human being. It
means that the flower get the safe place for them to avoid the sunlight.
3.4 Hyperbole
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