Pengaruh Intensitas Kebisingan dan Karakteristik Pekerja Terhadap Tekanan Darah Petugas Ground Handling di Apron Bandar Udara Internasional Kualanamu Tahun 2014
ABSTRAK
Kebisingan merupakan salah satu faktor lingkungan tempat kerja yang dapat
mempengaruhi kesehatan petugas ground handling yang bertugas di apron bandar
udara. Berdasarkan pengukuran yang dilakukan petugas kesehatan terhadap petugas
ground handling yang datang ke pos Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan Kelas I Medan
wilayah kerja Bandara Kualanamu, terdapat sejumlah petugas yang mengalami
peningkatan tekanan darah diatas normal.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh intensitas kebisingan
dan karakteristik pekerja terhadap tekanan darah petugas ground handling di apron
Bandar Udara Internasional Kualanamu. Metode penelitian bersifat analitik dengan
desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Januari sampai dengan
Maret 2014. Populasi adalah seluruh petugas ground handling berjumlah 106 orang
dan seluruhnya dijadikan sampel dengan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data
melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner, observasi dan pengukuran langsung. Analisis
dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi square dan multivariat dengan uji
regresi logistik berganda pada pengujian α=0,05.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap perubahan
tekanan darah petugas ground handling yaitu intensitas kebisingan, umur, masa kerja,
penggunaan alat pelindung telinga dan pelatihan. Hasil uji regresi logistik berganda
variabel yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap perubahan tekanan darah adalah
intensitas kebisingan.
Petugas yang mengalami perubahan tekanan darah setelah bekerja rata-rata
menerima intensitas kebisingan diatas NAB, memiliki umur diatas 28 tahun, dengan
masa kerja lebih dari 5 tahun, tidak menggunakan alat pelindung telinga dan tidak
pernah mengikuti pelatihan yang berhubungan dengan bidang pekerjaannya.
Petugas ground handling harus memiliki kesadaran dan disiplin untuk
menggunakan alat pelindung telinga saat bekerja atau berada dalam lingkungan kerja.
Kata Kunci: Intensitas Kebisingan, Karakteristik Pekerja, Tekanan Darah
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
e complete dical records and legal is charistic that reflects the good quality of
medical services to patients. Based on preliminary survey at the
Noise is one of environment factors at work place that influence the health of
ground handling staff at the airport apron. Based on measurement done by the
health workers to the ground handling staff who came to the post of Port Health
Office Class I Medan in the working area of Kualanamu International Airport,
several of the staff were found to experience an above normal increase of blood
pressure.
The purpose of this analytical study with cross-sectional design conducted
from January to March 2014 was to analyze the influence of noise intensity and
workers characteristics on the blood pressure of ground handling staff at the apron
of Kualanamu International Airport. The population of this study was all 106 ground
handling staff and all of them were selected to be samples for this study through total
sampling technique. The data for this study were obtained through questionnairebased interviews, observation and direct measurement. The data obtained were
analyze through univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using Chi square test and
multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression test at α = 0,05.
The result of this study showed that the variables that influenced the change
of the ground handling staff’s blood pressure were noise intensity, age, length of
servive, the use of hearing protection devices (ear muff) and training. The result of
multiple logistic regression test showed that the most dominant variable influencing
the change of blood pressure was noise intensity.
The average of ground handling staff experiencing the change of blood
pressure worked under the noise intensity above NAB, were over 28 years old, with
length of service more than 5 years, did not use any hearing protection (ear muff) and
never attended any training related to their work area.
The ground handling staff should have awareness and discipline to use ear
protective devices at work or in the work environment.
Keywords: Noise Intensity, Workers’ Characteristics, Blood Pressure
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Kebisingan merupakan salah satu faktor lingkungan tempat kerja yang dapat
mempengaruhi kesehatan petugas ground handling yang bertugas di apron bandar
udara. Berdasarkan pengukuran yang dilakukan petugas kesehatan terhadap petugas
ground handling yang datang ke pos Kantor Kesehatan Pelabuhan Kelas I Medan
wilayah kerja Bandara Kualanamu, terdapat sejumlah petugas yang mengalami
peningkatan tekanan darah diatas normal.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh intensitas kebisingan
dan karakteristik pekerja terhadap tekanan darah petugas ground handling di apron
Bandar Udara Internasional Kualanamu. Metode penelitian bersifat analitik dengan
desain cross sectional. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan bulan Januari sampai dengan
Maret 2014. Populasi adalah seluruh petugas ground handling berjumlah 106 orang
dan seluruhnya dijadikan sampel dengan teknik total sampling. Pengumpulan data
melalui wawancara dengan kuesioner, observasi dan pengukuran langsung. Analisis
dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat dengan uji chi square dan multivariat dengan uji
regresi logistik berganda pada pengujian α=0,05.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan variabel yang berpengaruh terhadap perubahan
tekanan darah petugas ground handling yaitu intensitas kebisingan, umur, masa kerja,
penggunaan alat pelindung telinga dan pelatihan. Hasil uji regresi logistik berganda
variabel yang paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap perubahan tekanan darah adalah
intensitas kebisingan.
Petugas yang mengalami perubahan tekanan darah setelah bekerja rata-rata
menerima intensitas kebisingan diatas NAB, memiliki umur diatas 28 tahun, dengan
masa kerja lebih dari 5 tahun, tidak menggunakan alat pelindung telinga dan tidak
pernah mengikuti pelatihan yang berhubungan dengan bidang pekerjaannya.
Petugas ground handling harus memiliki kesadaran dan disiplin untuk
menggunakan alat pelindung telinga saat bekerja atau berada dalam lingkungan kerja.
Kata Kunci: Intensitas Kebisingan, Karakteristik Pekerja, Tekanan Darah
i
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
e complete dical records and legal is charistic that reflects the good quality of
medical services to patients. Based on preliminary survey at the
Noise is one of environment factors at work place that influence the health of
ground handling staff at the airport apron. Based on measurement done by the
health workers to the ground handling staff who came to the post of Port Health
Office Class I Medan in the working area of Kualanamu International Airport,
several of the staff were found to experience an above normal increase of blood
pressure.
The purpose of this analytical study with cross-sectional design conducted
from January to March 2014 was to analyze the influence of noise intensity and
workers characteristics on the blood pressure of ground handling staff at the apron
of Kualanamu International Airport. The population of this study was all 106 ground
handling staff and all of them were selected to be samples for this study through total
sampling technique. The data for this study were obtained through questionnairebased interviews, observation and direct measurement. The data obtained were
analyze through univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using Chi square test and
multivariate analysis with multiple logistic regression test at α = 0,05.
The result of this study showed that the variables that influenced the change
of the ground handling staff’s blood pressure were noise intensity, age, length of
servive, the use of hearing protection devices (ear muff) and training. The result of
multiple logistic regression test showed that the most dominant variable influencing
the change of blood pressure was noise intensity.
The average of ground handling staff experiencing the change of blood
pressure worked under the noise intensity above NAB, were over 28 years old, with
length of service more than 5 years, did not use any hearing protection (ear muff) and
never attended any training related to their work area.
The ground handling staff should have awareness and discipline to use ear
protective devices at work or in the work environment.
Keywords: Noise Intensity, Workers’ Characteristics, Blood Pressure
ii
Universitas Sumatera Utara