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Table 1 Responses from Stakeholders Interviewed Stakeholders key informants Interviewed
Number of people
interviewe d
No of
Mal e
No of Femal
e
Traditional Leaders local chiefs Queen Mothers
12 8
4 Fisher folks Leaders Chief Fishermen
Konkohene 16
9 7
Assembly Members Unit Committee Members 19
13 6
Opinion Leaders and Community Champions 27
16 11
Religious Leaders 5
4 1
Social Workers and Civil Servants 9
5 4
Total 88
55 33
b. Household Survey
Household surveys were conducted in 36 identified coastal communities in the CR, and 762 recommended households were interviewed. Approximately 21 interviews were conducted
for each of the communities.
Figure 3 Map of Central Region showing the Districts and Coastal Areas
The District and specific communities covered by the household survey are as follows:
Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem District: Abrobiano, British-Komenda, Dutch-
Komenda, Ampenyi, Brenu-Akyinim, Elmina-Bantuma, Elmina-Tetre-Kesim, Elmina-Eniaye, Elmina-Ayisa.
Cape Coast Municipal: Ewim, Ntsin, Brofuyedur, Anaafo, Abrofo-Mpoano Abura-Asebu-Kwamankese District: Ekon, Moree.
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Mfantsiman District: Biriwa, Anomabo, Egyaa I, Egya II, Egyaa III, Abandze,
Koromantse, Saltpond-Pebi, Saltpond-Nyinee.
Ekumfi District: Ekumfi-Narkwa, Ekumfi-Immuna, Aakraa, Eku-Mpoano,
Ekumfi-Otuam
Gomoa-West District: Apam, Mumford, Gomoa-Dago. Efutu Municipal: Winneba
Awutu-Senya East Municipal: Senya-Beraku Gomoa-East: Gomoa Fetteh
The Approach for the Household Survey
The approach for the household survey was a purposive sample based on recommendations of key informants interviewed during the scoping visits. During the household surveys,
interviewees also suggested others to be interviewed. This approached was adopted in order to try to have a high proportion of households sampled that have been engaged in child labor
and trafficking. A random sample in the communities would not have given us a large number of CLaT households and interviewing this target population was the intention.
The processes for the household survey included questionnaire development, training and orientation of field teams, pretesting of questionnaire and household interviews.
i. Questionnaire
A participatory process was used to develop a structured questionnaire. The process involved the drafting of the questions and discussions with SFMP partners and external stakeholders
CEDECOM, DSW and the Fisheries Commission in CR. These questions were categorized under the following headings: Economic and Livelihood, Child Education, Leadership,
Population Health Environment, Communication and Recommendations. See questionnaire attached in Appendix 1.
ii. Trainingorientation
The field team attended training and orientation. Interactive PowerPoint presentations, printed notes, experience sharing, and group discussions explained the nature of the survey,
the approach, and the expected output.
iii. Pretesting of questionnaire
Pretesting of the questionnaire occurred within coastal fishing areas of Cape Coast, where the field team interacted with households and administered tested the questionnaire in the Fante
language. This process provided information about the duration for each interview, the challenges associated with translating the questions into the Fante language and with
decoding it back into English language. This segment was largely a very useful exercise in that it gave revealed nuances and snippets of information about some of the challenges to be
expected in the field. The experience gathered from the pretesting informed the household survey i.e. the pairing of the field team members, and the plotting of the number of
interviews per personcommunityday.
iv Interviews
The interviews involved two processes: 1.The introductory session involved explaining the project and the purpose of the survey to
the household and requesting permission to conduct the interview; and, after the request was granted, signingthumb printing of the consent form by the interviewee to indicate that heshe
freely volunteered the information.
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The introduction to the interview also was done in such a way that the interviewee felt comfortable to give information without much hesitation. This approach was very useful to
elicit information on sensitive topics such as CLaT in which the interviewee may be shy to admit or receive information. With this approach, re-assurances were made that that
information the interviewee gave would not be used against himher or lead to any arrest.
2.Interactive conversation was adopted whereby the person being interviewed was engaged within a friendly conversation. By this process, there is no right or wrong answers. The
interviewer’s objective was to grasp the information and quickly put into writing as much as possible within the shortest possible time. For this approach, physical observations were
made of the emotional, facial, and physical responses and expressions during the conversation. The interview was stopped when it was observed that interviewees had extreme
hesitation, anger, or strong emotions during the process. When the interviewee did not sign the consent forms, the interview was not conducted. The interviewee was thanked in a nice
and friendly manner so that heshe did not feel offended given that issues of CLaT are very sensitive, and people may have emotional attachments as demonstrated in some instances,
guilt or even strong support for the activity.
Definition of Key Terminology
During the scoping exercise, informants repeatedly asked for the definition of “Child Labor”
and “Child trafficking.” For many people, it is a normal cultural practice for children to learn
the family vocations from their parents or work to support the home when necessary. Therefore, we adopted an operational definition:
“Any work by a person who has not attained the legal working age of 18, that is hazardous and inimical to the person
’s health andor well-being and that is to benefit another
—also especially when the child is denied education, the right to play and the basic necessities of life. For this work, the child may be paid directly
or may not be paid at all or another person may take the reward for that child’s work. The International Labor Organization ILO definition of Child Trafficking was adopted:
“Recruitment, transportation, transfer, harboring, and or receipt or both of a child for the purpose of exploitation ....
’’
2. FINDINGS OF HOUSEHOLD SURVEY
