Which is the topic sentence in these paragraphs? Please underline the topic
Modul 8: Middle Semester Examination
In the last session of this semester, the student will take mid-semester examination held by the faculty.
I. Which is the topic sentence in these paragraphs? Please underline the topic
sentence in three paragraphs as below:
1 The history of American education shows that the relationship between parents
and educators has often been prickly and problematic – as it is likely to continue to be so in the future. Although parents and educators share the same goal --- that
all children will learn and be successful in school --- they bring different perspectives to this challenge. And because public funds support the schools and
business hire their graduates, the opinion of people who do not have children in school also matter when decisions are made about public education Anne
Wescott Dodd, How Communities Build Stronger Schools.
2 School leaders have become increasingly familiar with the concept of having a
vision as to how the school should be in the future. This has to be extended into the whole community. Indeed it is difficult to see how a vision for an institution
could be developed without reference to the wider community Tony Gelsthorpe, Educational Leadership and the Community.
3 At one time popular music was relatively easy to discuss in term of “categories”.
During the 1940s most music was either big-band music, like that of Tommy Dorsey, or jazz, from singers like Billie Holliday. The 1950s, however, changed
forever how people viewed musical scores. Suddenly, there were the rhythm and blues of Bo Diddley and the rock and roll of Elvis Presley. Then came the 1960s
with the British-invasion music of the Beatles, the protest and folk music of Joan Baez and Bob Dylan, the bubble gum music of the Cowsills, the acid rock of Jimi
Hendrix, and the endless rock and roll that led the way for the heavy-metal sounds of the 1970s and 1980s. Eventually, heavy metal made way for the punk
and alternative music that became popular during the early 1980s. Now, when someone mentions a singing duo or group, like Shakespeare’s Sister, most people
find categorizing difficult. Is this a rock duo, an alternative duo, or simple two singers with a new sound?
4 Although people tend to use the words schooling and education interchangeably,
they have very different meaning: Schooling takes place in a building; education happens everywhere. Schooling includes only the responsibilities given to
teachers and administrators, but education includes the responsibilities if everyone and, by extension, everything that influences what children learn.
5 Sociologists define social connectedness or social capital as “the network of
norms, obligations, expectations, and trust that forms among people who associate with one another and share common values”. They note that, because
social connectedness is an essential ingredient for creating schools that work, not having it is a major impediment. In addition, noted sociologists Robert Bellah and
Amatai Etzioni speak critically of the path society is taking toward unfettered individualism. They call instead for building communities in which a search for
common values provides a counterbalance to an individualism run amuck.
27