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Checklist Comments
Melting and boiling • describe meltingsolidii cation and boilingcondensation
as a transfer of energy without a change in temperature • state the meaning of melting point
• state the meaning of boiling point • explain the difference between boiling and evaporation
• dei ne the term latent heat • dei ne the term specii c latent heat
• explain latent heat by writing about molecules • calculate heat transferred in a change of state using the
equation thermal energy = mass × specii c latent heat
Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases
• describe in words the thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases
• describe the relative order of magnitude of the expansion of solids, liquids and gases
• list and explain some of the everyday applications and consequences of thermal expansion
• describe in words how a change of temperature affects the volume of a gas at constant pressure
12. Kinetic model of matter
States of matter • state the properties of solids, liquids and gases
Molecular model • describe in words the molecular structure of solids,
liquids and gases • link the properties of solids, liquids and gases to:
the forces between the molecules the distances between molecules
the motion of the molecules • describe how changing the temperature affects the
motion of molecules • explain the pressure of a gas in terms of the motion of its
molecules
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Evaporation • describe evaporation in terms of the escape of more
energetic molecules from the surface of a liquid • describe how evaporation is affected by:
temperature surface area
draught over the surface • explain that evaporation causes cooling
THEME 4 Waves
13. General wave properties
Describing wave motion • describe what is meant by a wave motion
• describe the use of: ropes
springs ripple tanks
to demonstrate wave motions
Wave terms • state what is meant by a wavefront
• dei ne the terms: speed
frequency wavelength
amplitude
• do calculations using velocity = frequency × wavelength
• describe a transverse wave • describe a longitudinal wave
• explain the differences between transverse and longitudinal waves
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Wave behaviour • describe how a ripple tank is used to show:
– rel ection at a plane surface – refraction due to a change of speed
• describe simple experiments to show the rel ection of
sound waves • describe a simple experiment to show the refraction of
sound wave
14. Light
Rel ection of light • dei ne the following terms:
normal angle of incidence
angle of rel ection • describe an experiment to illustrate the law of rel ection
• describe an experiment to i nd the position of an image formed by a plane mirror
• describe the properties of the image produced by a plane mirror
• know that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of rel ection and
• use this in drawing diagrams and calculations Refraction of light
• dei ne the following: angle of incidence
angle of refraction refractive index
• describe experiments to show refraction of light through glass blocks
• do calculations using the equation sin i sin r = n
• dei ne the terms: critical angle
total internal rel ection • do calculations using the equation sin c = 1n
• describe experiments to show total internal rel ection • describe how optical i bres are used in
telecommunications and • state the advantages of their use
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Checklist Comments
Thin converging and diverging lenses
• describe the action of thin converging lenses on a beam of light
• describe the action of thin diverging lenses on a beam of light
• dei ne the term focal length • draw ray diagrams to show the formation of real and
virtual images of an object by a converging lens • draw ray diagrams to show the formation of a virtual
image by a diverging lens • dei ne the term linear magnii cation
• draw scale diagrams to determine the focal length of a converging lens needed for particular values of
magnii cation • describe the use of a single lens:
as a magnifying glass in a camera
n a projector in a photographic enlarger
• draw ray diagrams to show how the image is formed by a magnifying glass:
in a camera in a projector
in a photographic enlarger
• draw ray diagrams to show the formation of images in the normal eye:
a short-sighted eye a long-sighted eye
• describe the correction of short-sight • describe the correction of long-sight
15. Electromagnetic spectrum
