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4.8 Other formal and informal institutions
Other formal and informal institutions along the chain are: Ghana National Fish Traders and Processors Association GNFTPA
o Established in 2014 as umbrella body; education and advocacy.
Environmental Protection Agency Volta River Authority,
Water Resources Institute, NGOs
Agricultural Development Bank, Rural Banks,
Continental Christian Traders a major dealer in fishing nets, National Fisheries Association of Ghana NAFAG,
National Inland Canoe Fishermen’s Council NICFC, Ghana National Canoe Fishermen’s Council GNCFC,
Ghana National Association of Farmers and Fishermen,
Ghana Co-operative Fisheries Association.
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Table 7 Value chain institutions, Services and Limitations
Institutions Current services provided in relation
to fisheries Services provided in relation to fisheries
products sardinella Limitations in carrying
out duties Ministry of
Trade and Industry
Facilitates enterprise development including Micro, small and Medium
EnterpriseMSMEs Develop and enforce standards in
trade and industry Promote and facilitate Ghana’s
active participation in global trade through participation in multilateral
and bilateral institutions as well as champio
n Ghana’s market expansion drive.
Facilitate innovation and entrepreneurship with both formal
and informal sectors. Involved in activities geared towards
Production, commerce and creation of gainful employment.
Promotes made –in-Ghana goods and services.
Supported SME’s in fish processes etc. Funding, infrastructure
and to some extent limited expertise.
Ghana Standards
Authority GSA-MoTI
Metrology- calibration or verification service
Standards Conformity Assessment.
Fish inspection Client submits official request a letter to
the executive director of GSA Application form, available at the Fish
Control and Export Project Department, shall be completed and returned to the
department together with the relevant documents indicated on the application
form such as HACCP and the best practice Funding and Capacity
building.
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manual, etc. Fishery Products Regulation FPR must be
purchased from the GSA Library. This is followed by inspection of premises
and facilities. Approval may be given if assessment is
favourable. Regular monitoring takes place after
approval.
Food and Drugs Authority
Mainly Inspections: Approval and licensing of cold storage facilities
Regulation of the Food, Drugs, Food supplements, veterinary medicines
etc.
Is concerned by quality of the domestic, imported and exported
products
Conducts inspections in domestic manufacturing industries
Regulate safe consumption of Fish and Fish products including Sardinella.
Ensures that storage operations of frozen Sardinella are safe.
Labelling Advertisement: ensures labelling of all processed fish packaged
for sale
Limited scope of work; the department
regulates just the storage facilities when
considering the food chain.
Lack of generator sets as backup
power. Clients sell
unwholesome fish to unsuspecting
consumers.
Use of unrefrigerated vanstrailers as means
of transport.
Fisheries Commission
Issues fishing licence.
Approves catch certificate
Enforces Monitoring Control and Surveillance and Enforcement
Institution taking in charge of fish safety disease
Providing fishing licence.
Approving the catch certificate
Customs
Enforces all the fisheries regulations
Uses GC-Net to enter export and import
Difficulty in tracking
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Excise and Preventive
Service in relation to fish import and export
Verifying documents and good quantity at export and import at the
main border points
Ensures that fish ban into the country are not imported and cleared into
Ghana, e.g. fresh tilapia.
Calculate Cost, Insurance and Freight - CIF for imported fish life fish 20 of
CIF; frozen fish 5 of CIF in addition to VAT and processing fees.
sardinella figures
Calculate import duties for sardinella.
Store uncleared imported sardinella in bonded warehouse
sardinella and other that have been goods
hided.
Source: Source: Updated based on Failler
et al
., 2014
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Traditional Fisheries management Institutions Community Based Fisheries Management Committee CBFMC
o local committees formed fishing community based on existing traditional
leadership authority and local government structures o
enforce national fisheries laws at community level, enact and enforce their own by-laws; collaborate with District Assemblies and FC.
Chief Fisherman
o Leads in resolution of disputes
o Gives access to fishing in the communities.
o Enforces a number of measures such as non-fishing days, ban on landing
certain fish species during festival periods to prevent overfishing; o
Leads in observing taboos and cultural practices such as performance of rituals to ‘sea gods’ and consulting of oracles during certain periods of the year help
to manage the fish stocks. o
Supervises acquisition and distribution of Premix-fuel. Limitations: Lack legal power through national policy or legislation.
Fish Mummies Wives Women importers
Mummies o
Finance the fishing business o
Negotiate determine price for the day o
Have large storage facilities Fish Wives
o Can be wife or female relative of fishermen
o Receive catch from fishermen and process
o Sell to retailers and consumers
Importers, e.g. Adom Mboroso andSarfo Nyame. o
Import sardinella from EU, Namibia, Mauritania o
Have large storage facilities o
Sell to wholesalers, retailers and occasionally consumers.
4.9 Interaction of Governance Institutions with Actors