vocabulary scores with the materials of nouns, verbs, and adjectives large vocabulary. Then, the vocabulary scored of test in each cycle based on the
classification of the score levels.
2.4 Teaching Vocabulary in English Language
Teaching Vocabulary in English is not easy, so the teacher must motivate the student to learn English. There are two ways for teaching
vocabulary in an English language as follows.
2.4.1 Make Vocabulary Teaching and Learning Effective
Vocabulary is generally a matter of remembering, unlike e.g. learning grammar, which is a system based mainly on rules. Thornbury
2007: 93 states that to be able to teach as effective as possible, it is important to know, how words are remembered and stored in the
students’ minds and how long term memory is organized. According to Thornbury 2007: 93, vocabulary is stored in the
mind in the web as a highly organized system and complex, the so- called mental lexicon. In the mental lexicon, the word is stored,
categorized and interconnected in many ways according to their features such as meaning, form, collocation, syntactic properties,
cultural background etc. Consequently, a word being retrieved is looked up through several pathways at once, which is extremely economical in
terms of time needed. One of the important roles of teachers in language is to help their
students find the easiest way to convey new informations. Moreover, Thornbury 2007: 93 states that the students need to acquire the ability
to store the information for as long as possible. According to Thornbury 2007: 24-26 says that summarizing a research into memory, which
suggests principles supporting the process of permanent or long –term
remembering. In this summary he lists several techniques to follow to make vocabulary teaching as effective as possible, namely:
Firstly repetition, yet what he means that “repetition of encounters with a word” in reading. Furthermore, he stresses the importance of
retrieval and use of the new words. While practicing, the students should understand the meaning of words.
Secondly, personalizing in vocabulary practice has proved to be beneficial for remembering along with spacing. It means that
presentation of new vocabularies are divided into more widely separate sequences follow by repeating revision later on with gradually
extending periods between them. e.g. the end of the lesson, next lesson, next week and so on.
Moreover, another helpful element is motivation, which is closely linked with attention. According to Thornbury 2007: 25, a very high
degree of attention called arousal seems to correlate with improved recall. Connected to this, emotional value of words should be
considered as well. Finally, by using Pictures can help student to memorize vocabulary well, such as making leading questions from
associations with similarly sounding word and its meaning in the mother tongue.
2.4.2 The Various Techniques in Teaching Vocabulary
