Jaka Setiawan, 2014 THE USE OF PICTURES SERIES IN IMPROVING STUDENTS WRITING PROCEDURAL TEXT
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
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repository.upi.edu |
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H : the scores of both experimental and control group are homogenous.
H
1
: the scores of both experimental and control group are not homogenous.
The second step is to determine the significance level in the level α=0.05. The level of significance criterion for homogeneity test states that if the
probability 0.05, then H is accepted. Whereas if the probability 0.05, H
is rejected Hatch Farhady, 1982:88.
Moreover, if the data do not have normal distribution, the Mann-Whitney test be operated to test the hypothesis. The writer also used SPSS 16.0 to calculate
the result.
3.6.2.3 T-test Computation
3.6.2.3.1 Independent t-test
Independent t-test is used to analyze a causative relationship between the variable treatment and the dependent variable that measure on both groups
Coolidge, 2000. Therefore, after the data had been proven as a normal distribution, the data
were calculated using independent t-test. The independent t-test was analyzed using SPSS version 16.0 for windows. According to Kranzler Moursound
1994 : 94, the level of significance used in independent t-test is 0.05. The criterion stated to determine t-test is if t
obt
is lower than t
crit
, h is accepted and
there is no significance difference between both of groups in the pretest mean. Whereas, if t
obt
is higher than t
crit
, the result is statistically significant difference in the pretest means of two group and h
is rejected.
3.6.2.3.2 Dependent t-test
Dependent t-test was calculated certify that there is significance difference between the pretest and posttest scores in each groups. According to Coolidge
2000, dependent t-test is used to analyzed the difference between two groups
Jaka Setiawan, 2014 THE USE OF PICTURES SERIES IN IMPROVING STUDENTS WRITING PROCEDURAL TEXT
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
|
repository.upi.edu |
perpustakaan.upi.edu
means in experimental design where in both groups are related to each other in some way.
In this study, the dependent sample test was analyzed using computation with SPSS 16.0 for windows by comparing the significance value with the level of
significance to the test hypothesis. If the significance value is more than or equal to the level of significance 0.05, the null hypothesis is accepted and it will be
concluded that there is no significant differences between the two means. On the other hand, if the significance value is less than the level of significance 0.05,
the null hypothesis is rejected and it will be concluded that the mean is significantly different from the other mean.
3.6.2.4 The Calculation of Effect Size
